CN209069464U - A kind of rail stress sensor for the detection of rail truck Super leaning load - Google Patents
A kind of rail stress sensor for the detection of rail truck Super leaning load Download PDFInfo
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- CN209069464U CN209069464U CN201821965402.5U CN201821965402U CN209069464U CN 209069464 U CN209069464 U CN 209069464U CN 201821965402 U CN201821965402 U CN 201821965402U CN 209069464 U CN209069464 U CN 209069464U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of rail stress sensors for the detection of rail truck Super leaning load, it is characterised in that: includes the matrix and two rail clamps being connected to above matrix of rectangle；Blind hole there are two being respectively provided on the opposite front and rear end of matrix, and the blind hole of both ends of the surface is coaxially oppositely arranged one by one, and resistance strain gage is provided in blind hole, part where two coaxial blind holes of matrix is to shear girder construction.The matrix of double shear beam structure is installed on rail by the utility model by rail clamp, realize rail stress detection, when wheel is by rail section where rail stress sensor, wheel acts on rail, and forces acted on rail is deformed, and rail stress sensor acquires the variable quantity of rail stress, then the stress condition of wheel on the rail of both sides is analyzed, obtain rail truck whether overload or unbalance loading as a result, detection accuracy is high, testing result is accurate.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to pressure sensing arts, specifically a kind of rail stress for the detection of rail truck Super leaning load
Sensor.
Background technique
Railway is chiefly used in the transport of long range, cheap to have obtained quick development because its speed is fast.When train is in
In the state of overload or unbalance loading, traffic accident is easily caused, the loss of life and property is caused.But the overload of vehicle on railway,
The detection of unbalance loading and gross weight, at present or by the way of parking detection, detection mode is troublesome and falls behind relatively.
Utility model content
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a kind of rail stress for the detection of rail truck Super leaning load
Sensor, structure is simple, easy for installation, can acquire the variable quantity of rail stress in real time, reaches to acquire data by stress
The purpose of rail truck Super leaning load detection.
The technical solution of the utility model are as follows:
A kind of rail stress sensor for the detection of rail truck Super leaning load includes that the matrix of rectangle and two connect
Rail clamp above matrix；Blind hole there are two being respectively provided on the opposite front and rear end of the matrix, and both ends of the surface is blind
Hole is coaxially oppositely arranged one by one, and resistance strain gage is provided in blind hole, and part where two coaxial blind holes of matrix is shear beam
Structure；The rail clamp includes switching beam, two clamping plates for being connected to switching beam both ends, and each clamping plate includes
There are vertical portion and bending part, it is blunt that the bottom end of bending part, which is connected to the top of vertical portion and the angle between bending part and vertical portion,
The top at angle, two clamping plate bending parts is oppositely arranged, and the bottom end of two clamping plate vertical portions is respectively fixedly connected with two in switching beam
End, the switching beam of two rail clamps are respectively fixedly connected on the upper surface at matrix both ends and switching beam and matrix are mutual
Vertical structure.
On the middle part of the matrix and it is located at the mounting hole being provided between two groups of coaxial blind holes up and down, support
Bolt passes through mounting hole from top to bottom.
The resistance strain gage selects two semi-bridge type resistance strain gages, in two semi-bridge type resistance strain gages
Two sheet resistance foil gauges are respectively arranged in two coaxial blind holes, and two two semi-bridge type resistance strain gages connection composition works
Make electric bridge.
Rail positioning hole is provided on its bending part of each clamping plate of the rail clamp.
The advantages of the utility model:
The matrix of double shear beam structure is installed on rail by the utility model by rail clamp, realizes rail stress inspection
It surveys, when wheel is by rail section where rail stress sensor, wheel is acted on rail, and forces acted on rail generates change
Shape, rail stress sensor acquire the variable quantity of rail stress, then analyze the stress condition of wheel on the rail of both sides,
Obtain rail truck whether overload or unbalance loading as a result, detection accuracy is high, testing result is accurate；The utility model is small in size, easy
In installation, and the original structure of railway track is not changed, measurement accuracy reaches 0.3-0.5%, and service life can reach 1,000,000
It is secondary or so.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the main view of the utility model.
Fig. 2 is the side view of the utility model.
Fig. 3 is the bottom view of the utility model.
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram that the utility model is installed on rail.
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of two semi-bridge type resistance strain gages of the utility model.
Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram of utility model works electric bridge.
Fig. 7 is the mechanical model schematic diagram of load shear beam.
Fig. 8 is the mechanical model schematic diagram of load pillar beam.
Fig. 9 is the strain zone position and stress envelope of the utility model shear beam part.
Specific embodiment
The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, carries out the technical scheme in the embodiment of the utility model
Clearly and completely describe, it is clear that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the utility model, rather than whole
Embodiment.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are without making creative work
Every other embodiment obtained, fall within the protection scope of the utility model.
See Fig. 1-Fig. 3, a kind of rail stress sensor for the detection of rail truck Super leaning load, includes the matrix of rectangle
1 and two rail clamps for being connected to the top of matrix 1；Blind hole 11 there are two being respectively provided on the opposite front and rear end of matrix 1, and
The blind hole 11 of both ends of the surface is coaxially oppositely arranged one by one, and resistance strain gage, two coaxial blind holes 11 of matrix 1 are provided in blind hole 11
Place part is to shear girder construction, is provided with up and down on the middle part of matrix 1 and between two groups of coaxial blind holes 11
Mounting hole, carrying bolt 2 pass through mounting hole from top to bottom；Rail clamp includes switching beam 3, two and is connected to switching beam
The clamping plate 4 at 3 both ends, each clamping plate 4 include vertical portion and bending part, the bottom end of bending part be connected to the top of vertical portion and
Angle between bending part and vertical portion is obtuse angle, and the top of two 4 bending parts of clamping plate is oppositely arranged, each folder of rail clamp
Rail positioning hole 41 is provided on its bending part of plate 4, the bottom end of two clamping plate vertical portions is respectively fixedly connected in switching
The both ends of beam 3, the switching beam 3 of two rail clamps be respectively fixedly connected on the upper surface at 1 both ends of matrix and switching beam 3 with
Matrix 1 is orthogonal structure.
Wherein, resistance strain gage selects two semi-bridge type resistance strain gages (see Fig. 5), two semi-bridge type resistance-strains
Two sheet resistance foil gauges in piece are respectively arranged in two coaxial blind holes, and two two semi-bridge type resistance strain gages connections
It forms work electric bridge (see Fig. 6).
See Fig. 4, when installation, switching beam 3 and matrix 1 is respectively positioned on to the underface of rail 5, and the upper surface of switching beam is close to
The lower end surface of rail 5, the bolt head of the carrying bolt 2 in the middle part of matrix resist the lower end surface of rail 5, two clamping plates on rail clamp
Vertical portion be close to the bending parts of 5 side wall of rail and two clamping plates in the top of 5 rail bottom of rail and with 5 rail bottom of rail is fixed connects
It connects.
See Fig. 5, the basic principle of the utility model is analogous to general strain gauge transducer, but the utility model uses two
The resistance strain gage of a double foil gauges, is pasted onto the two sides of stressed plate.See Fig. 6, when the utility model at work, R in foil gauge1
Such as by positive shearing force, that R2Also by negative shearing force, and another pair strains the R in handling affairs3By positive shearing force, R4By negative shearing force,
As Fig. 6 forms work electric bridge.
R is foil gauge impedance, and the matrix of rail stress sensor can generate deformation when by external force, cause
The foil gauge impedance being tightly attached on the intrinsic silicon wall of rail stress sensor linearly increaseds or decreases.There is external power supply (3-
In the case where 12VDC), the differential levels mv signal also linearly increasing reduction of output, sensor is sensitive by a group bridge, zeroing, trim
After degree, temperature compensation etc., signal=supply voltage x sensitivity of output.For example regulated power supply is 10VDC, transducer sensitivity is
1.5mv/V, the voltage=10x1.5=15mv exported when sensor is to full scale, if necessary to 0-5V (4-20mA etc.) master die
Quasi- signal is needed with signal adapter (transmitter).
Basic mechanical principle:
The matrix of the rail stress sensor of the utility model is a board-like type beam and processes in beam both ends appropriate location
Two blind holes, whole force measuring structure are shear beam, are the stress measurement mode of elastomer.The matrix of rail stress sensor by
When to external force pressure, measurand can be deformed (strain) on object, again can be extensive after external force removal
Restore the shape and size of coming, i.e., it is this to be deformed into flexible deformation.Elastomer is one of the fundamental for constituting sensor, its institute
The basic physical property having can be indicated with following equation:
A, σ=E × ε, be axial stress strain Hooke's law, i.e. the elastic modulus E of elastomer determine axial stress σ and
Linear relationship between axial strain ε.
b、ε1=μ × ε, elastomer other than generating axial strain ε, are accompanied by transverse direction under above-mentioned responsive to axial force
Strain stress1.Ratio Poisson's ratio μ between the two is party's number.
C, τ=G × γ is pure shear Hooke's law.When elastomer is by shearing force, by the shear stress on shear surface
The opposite angular strain γ generated between τ and section is in a linear relationship, and depends on the elastic shear modulus G of elastic material.
It is above-mentioned；There is following relationship between three characterisitic parameters E, G and μ of elastic material:
G=E/ (2 × (1+ μ)).
The matrix force analysis of rails strain gauge:
1., the matrix of the utility model rail stress sensor can be simplified to both ends stress concentrfated load shear beam or pillar
Beam, mechanical model schematic diagram are shown in Fig. 7 and Fig. 8.The base structure of shear beam rail stress sensor becomes when being under pressure
The deformation of shape situation, the pressure and sensor that are subject to is most directly proportional.When the matrix stress deformation of rail stress sensor, lead
Foil gauge inside causing changes, and exports corresponding pressure signal.
2., the Stress calculation of intermediate stress load effect:
3., the shear stress of beam and shearing strain calculate
Shear beam sensor generally adds two blind holes (being partially formed shear beam), shear stress in the inflection point of strain beam
It can be calculated with Nikolay Zhuravsky formula:
The strain zone position and stress distribution of partial cut girder construction are as shown in Figure 9.
In above formula:
Shear Q:
Static moment S of the shearing section to axisy:
Moments of inertia J of the shearing section to axisy:
Then
The principal stress and principal strain in 45 ° of directions calculate, and the length variation of spool directional pressure at 45 °, exactly pure along beam
Principal direction of stress under shearing force state, principal stress and maximum shear stress, principal strain and maximum shear strain in following relationship:
Transducer sensitivity calculates:
In formula: K-- resistance strain gage sensitivity coefficient
The bulk technology parameter of rail stress sensor:
Range: (30+30) t；
Accuracy: 0.2%FS；
Operating voltage: 12VDC；
Output signal: (0-10) mV；
Operating temperature: -20 DEG C -70 DEG C；
Limiting pressure: >=(40+40) t；
Input impedance: 700 ± 20 Ω；
Output impedance: 700 ± 5 Ω；
Insulation resistance: >=5000M Ω；
It is non-linear: ± 0.3%FS；
Lag: ± 0.3%FS；
Repeatability: ± 0.5%FS.
A kind of rail truck Super leaning load detection method, has specifically included following steps:
Two rail stress sensors are installed on the rail of both sides and two rail stress sensors are along both sides rail
Central axes are symmetrical.When four, the vehicle wheel of axle eight all passes through rail stress sensor, the conversion of rail stress sensor
At one group of detection signal, signal is detected by analogue signal processor and A/D converter and is converted into digital signal, is then communicated to
Host data processor unit obtains testing result by data operation.The testing results such as weighting, the unbalance loading of vehicle pass through communication
System sends detection information and alarm signal to cargo chamber.
Data operation processing method:
1, it lays particular stress on: weighting=forecarriage weight-trailing bogie weight
2, unbalance loading:
Unbalance loading refers mainly to lateral unbalance loading, i.e. center of gravity of goods transversal displacement.
Unbalance loading=(light weight ÷ goods weight+1) × 746.5 × vehicle unbalance loading rate=[light weight ÷ (vehicle gross weight
Amount-light weight)+1] × 746.5 × vehicle unbalance loading rate
Wherein, vehicle unbalance loading rate=(4, left side wheel load-bearing -4, the right wheel load-bearing) ÷ vehicle total weight
3, it overloads:
Overload=goods weight-vehicle nominal weight=(vehicle total weight-light weight)-vehicle nominal weight.
While there has been shown and described that the embodiments of the present invention, for the ordinary skill in the art,
It is understood that these embodiments can be carried out with a variety of variations in the case where not departing from the principles of the present invention and spirit, repaired
Change, replacement and variant, the scope of the utility model is defined by the appended claims and the equivalents thereof.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of rail stress sensor for the detection of rail truck Super leaning load, it is characterised in that: include the matrix of rectangle
The rail clamp being connected to above matrix with two；Blind hole there are two being respectively provided on the opposite front and rear end of the matrix, and
The blind hole of both ends of the surface is coaxially oppositely arranged one by one, and resistance strain gage, two coaxial blind hole place portions of matrix are provided in blind hole
It is divided into shearing girder construction；The rail clamp includes switching beam, two clamping plates for being connected to switching beam both ends, each
Clamping plate includes vertical portion and bending part, and the bottom end of bending part is connected to the top of vertical portion and between bending part and vertical portion
Angle be obtuse angle, the top of two clamping plate bending parts is oppositely arranged, the bottom end of two clamping plate vertical portions be respectively fixedly connected in
The both ends of switching beam, the switching beam of two rail clamps be respectively fixedly connected on the upper surface at matrix both ends and switching beam with
Matrix is orthogonal structure.
2. a kind of rail stress sensor for the detection of rail truck Super leaning load according to claim 1, feature exist
In: on the middle part of the matrix and it is located at the mounting hole being provided between two groups of coaxial blind holes up and down, carrying bolt
Mounting hole is passed through from top to bottom.
3. a kind of rail stress sensor for the detection of rail truck Super leaning load according to claim 1, feature exist
In: the resistance strain gage selects two semi-bridge type resistance strain gages, two in two semi-bridge type resistance strain gages
Resistance strain gage is respectively arranged in two coaxial blind holes, and two two semi-bridge type resistance strain gages connection composition work electricity
Bridge.
4. a kind of rail stress sensor for the detection of rail truck Super leaning load according to claim 1, feature exist
In: rail positioning hole is provided on its bending part of each clamping plate of the rail clamp.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201821965402.5U CN209069464U (en) | 2018-11-27 | 2018-11-27 | A kind of rail stress sensor for the detection of rail truck Super leaning load |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201821965402.5U CN209069464U (en) | 2018-11-27 | 2018-11-27 | A kind of rail stress sensor for the detection of rail truck Super leaning load |
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| CN209069464U true CN209069464U (en) | 2019-07-05 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109374160A (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-02-22 | 安徽华立远望智能科技有限公司 | A kind of rail stress sensor for the detection of rail truck Super leaning load |
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2018
- 2018-11-27 CN CN201821965402.5U patent/CN209069464U/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109374160A (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-02-22 | 安徽华立远望智能科技有限公司 | A kind of rail stress sensor for the detection of rail truck Super leaning load |
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