CN208062871U - A kind of charger charging circuit - Google Patents
A kind of charger charging circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN208062871U CN208062871U CN201721483284.XU CN201721483284U CN208062871U CN 208062871 U CN208062871 U CN 208062871U CN 201721483284 U CN201721483284 U CN 201721483284U CN 208062871 U CN208062871 U CN 208062871U
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Abstract
A kind of charger charging circuit, including：Rectifier bridge, MOS field-effect transistors, zero passage sync detection circuit, MCU micro-control units, MOS drive circuit, battery charger, operational amplification circuit, wherein MCU judges the zero passage synchronizing signal of voltage, then MCU controls the switch of MOS by MOS drive circuit, MOS is controlled to the charging of battery, when voltage is in 15V~100V, MOS field-effect transistors give lead-acid battery pulse charge, and when voltage < 15V or voltage > 100V, MOS field-effect transistors can automatically power off protection battery, charging to battery is realized using pulse current, charging rate is fast, there is the intermittent charge time, calorific value is few.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to cell charge protection field, specially a kind of charger charging circuit.
Background technology
Lead-acid battery is also known as lead-acid accumulator, and because its is cheap since its invention, raw material is easy to get, dependable performance, appearance
It easily recycles, be suitable for the features such as heavy-current discharge, become yield maximum, the widest accumulator kind of purposes in the world, pass through
Development for many years, the continuous renewal of technology, accumulator have been applied to each neck such as automobile, communication, electric power, railway, electric vehicle
Domain.
Lead-acid battery has been widely used for crawl bicycle and electro-tricycle, the market demand of electric vehicle in the market
Still very huge, although electric vehicle market has been in the maturity period, the cost problem of electric vehicle is still compared
Sensitivity, each normal electric vehicle are equipped with a charger, and the charger of low side does not have the function of intelligent charge, need artificial
Plug battery is removed, otherwise battery is easy to overcharge, and damages storage battery and charger, and the cost of intelligent charger is higher, thus big
Majority still can select the non intelligent charger of low cost.
The charger of electric vehicle in the market is substantially the electric vehicle charging battery jar for being directed to 48V, 60V, 72V, mainly
Using the form of Switching Power Supply, with transformer, converts alternating current to DC power supply, realizes the lasting charging to battery,
Battery-heating amount is big, and the service life is relatively low, and manufacturing cost is higher for product audient.
Utility model content
To solve the above-mentioned problems, the utility model proposes a kind of charger charging circuits, including：Rectifier bridge, MOS effects
Answer transistor, zero passage sync detection circuit, MCU micro-control units, MOS drive circuit, battery charger, operation amplifier electricity
Road, wherein MCU judge the zero passage synchronizing signal of voltage, and then MCU controls MOS field effect transistors by MOS drive circuit
The switch of pipe, MOS field-effect transistors are controlled to the charging of battery, when voltage is in 15V~100V, MOS field effect transistors
Pipe charges to lead-acid battery, and when voltage < 15V or voltage > 100V, MOS field-effect transistors can automatically power off protection electricity
The charging to battery is realized in pond using pulse current, and charging rate is fast, has intermittent charge time, calorific value few.
A kind of charger charging circuit, including：Rectifier bridge 1, MOS field-effect transistors 2, zero passage sync detection circuit 3,
MCU micro-control units 4, MOS drive circuit 5, battery charger 6, operational amplification circuit 7, the rectifier bridge 1 with MOS
Effect transistor 2 and battery charger 6 are connected, the detection electricity synchronous with zero passage of the power supply after the rectifier bridge 1 is rectified
Road 3 connects, and the zero passage sync detection circuit 3 connect with MCU micro-control units 4, the MCU micro-control units 4 and
MOS drive circuit 5 connects, and MOS drive circuit 5 is connect with MOS field-effect transistors, and the battery charger 6, which is drawn, to be divided
Pressure is connect by operational amplification circuit 7 with MCU micro-control units.
Further, the rectifier bridge 1 is used for 220V, and frequency is that the AC power of 50Hz is rectified into frequency 100Hz
Half-sinusoid, the method for rectifying of the rectifier bridge is at least one of halfwave rectifier, full-wave rectification, bridge rectifier, whole
Four diodes of bridge rectifier or two diodes are packaged by stream bridge.
Further, the MOS field-effect transistors have three poles, respectively：Grid G (Gate), drain D (Drain),
Source S (Source), the poles D are connect with rectifier bridge 1, and the poles G are connect with MOS drive circuit 5, the poles S and battery charger
6 connection, MOS field-effect transistors be battery charger switch control element, and the switch of MOS field-effect transistors by
MCU micro-control units are controlled by MOS drive circuit.Further, MOS field-effect transistors are broadly divided into N-channel MOS pipe
And P-channel metal-oxide-semiconductor, it is preferred that N-channel MOS pipe easy to manufacture is used, and internal resistance is smaller, when electric current is larger in circuit,
The consumption of calorie of MOS field-effect transistors is smaller, it is preferred that the MOS field-effect transistors are voltage-type switches, work as stream
When entering voltage >=12V, MOS field-effect transistors are opened, and when flowing into voltage < 12V, MOS field-effect transistors are closed.
Further, the zero passage sync detection circuit 3 is connected to MCU micro-control units 4, MCU micro-control units 4
Connect with MOS drive circuit 5, zero cross detection circuit be used for detect rectifier bridge rectification it is complete after voltage, when voltage over zero,
Zero passage sync detection circuit can export a pulse signal, and MCU detects this pulse signal, captures supply voltage zero crossing,
After detecting crossover point signal, MCU micro-control units control opening for MOS field-effect transistors by MOS drive circuit 5
It closes.
Further, the usually described zero cross detection circuit includes mainly photoelectrical coupler, triode, biased electrical
Resistance, when voltage zero-cross, the light emitting diode of photoelectrical coupler ends, and the biasing resistor current potential of transistor base is allowed to be connected,
Generate pulse signal, it is preferred that using photoelectrical coupler, bidirectional triode thyristor driver, two-way in zero passage sync detection circuit
Silicon-controlled, triggering current-limiting resistance, gate electrode resistance, prevent false triggering, improve anti-interference ability.
Further, include resistance one, ranging from 20 Ω~100 of the resistance one in the MOS drive circuit
Ω, it is preferred that the resistance of resistance one is the Ω of 45 Ω~55, for reducing the electric current for flowing into the poles G in MOS field-effect transistors.
Further, the battery charger 6 is mainly made of battery, resistance two, resistance three, resistance four, described
Resistance two and battery series connection, resistance three connects with resistance four, this external resistance two and battery are in parallel with resistance three, resistance four.Into
One step, the MCU micro-control units include two ADC sample ports, and respectively ADC0 and ADC1, ADC0 are used for adopting
Collect the partial pressure on resistance two, and ADC1 is used for acquiring the charging voltage of battery.Therefore, ADC1 sample ports connection battery charging
The charging voltage of four place branch sampling battery of resistance three and resistance in circuit 6, and ADC0 sample ports connection battery charging electricity
Partial pressure in road 6 on two place branch sampling resistor two of resistance.
Further, it is generally the case that the electric current of charger is 12A or 20A, and the Standard resistance range of the resistance two is
1m Ω~10m Ω ensure that the consumption power of itself is smaller, and the Standard resistance range of resistance three and its resistance four is 1k Ω~900k
Ω, for acquiring the charging voltage of battery.
Further, the operational amplification circuit 7 is mainly made of amplifier and multiple resistance, the voltage that will be passed through
Or Current amplifier, and operational amplification circuit 7 is set to before ADC0 interfaces, mainly to be acquired ADC0 sample ports
1 times of voltage amplification on resistance two or more, and then calculate the pulse charging current of battery.
It may further be preferable that MOS switch with field-effect transistors opening after, MOS field-effect transistors come control to
The charging of battery, when collected charging voltage is in 15V~100V, MOS field-effect transistors give lead-acid battery pulse charge,
And when collected charging voltage < 15V or collected charging voltage voltage > 100V, MOS switch with field-effect transistors
Protection battery can be automatically powered off.
The charge step of the charging circuit is：It is positive sinusoidal half that sinusoidal alternating current is made into voltage all by rectifier bridge
Wave；When zero cross detection circuit detects voltage over zero, MCU controls MOS field-effect transistors and opens, and is filled to battery
Electricity；When the voltage that ADC0 sample ports sample calculated charging current be greater than the set value that (setting value is according to tool
The charger maximum allowed current of body is set) when, MOS field-effect transistors are closed, the voltage value of present sample is preserved.Into one
Step is preferably, and the voltage waveform after rectifier bridge rectification is symmetrical, and MOS effects are closed in the ascent stage of half-sinusoid
The voltage value that the transistor moment records is answered, when dropping to this voltage value in the decline stage of half-sinusoid, MO field-effects are brilliant
Body pipe S is opened, and is realized the charging again to battery, is so moved in circles, and is realized to lead-acid battery by the method for pulse current
Charging.
Using charger charging circuit as described above, can with the charging voltage and charging current of real-time sampling battery,
Protection charging is carried out to battery, electric current will not excessive damage battery.Specifically, after zero cross signal is detected, MOS field-effects
Transistor is opened, sample the charging voltage of battery by the divider resistance of resistance three and resistance four, and MCU passes through to sampling
Cell voltage calculates, and judges whether battery is filled, when judge the voltage of battery be greater than the set value (setting value according to
The voltage setting of specific charger) when, it indicates that battery is filled, stops charging to lead-acid battery at this time, in addition, MCU judges
Go out battery soon be full of when, carry out trickle charge, protect battery, using pulse current lambda limiting process, additional MOS field-effect transistors
Switch realizes charge control to accumulator, and circuit is simple, at low cost, and pulse charge speed is fast, and battery has the intermittent charge time,
Calorific value is few, can be applicable in different chargers, applied widely.
Description of the drawings：
Specific implementation mode is described further below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein：
Fig. 1 is the circuit diagram of the utility model；
Fig. 2 is the voltage and time chart after rectifier bridge rectification.
Primary structure number explanation
| 1 | Rectifier bridge |
| 2 | MOS field-effect transistors |
| 3 | Zero passage sync detection circuit |
| 4 | MCU micro-control units |
| 5 | MOS drive circuit |
| 6 | Battery charger |
| 7 | Operational amplification circuit |
Following specific implementation mode will further illustrate the utility model in conjunction with above-mentioned attached drawing.
Specific implementation mode
Specific implementation mode 1：
A kind of charger charging circuit, including：Rectifier bridge 1, MOS field-effect transistors 2, zero passage sync detection circuit 3,
MCU micro-control units 4, MOS drive circuit 5, battery charger 6, operational amplification circuit 7, the rectifier bridge 1 with MOS
Effect transistor 2 and battery charger 6 are connected, and the power supply after the rectifier bridge 1 is rectified connects with zero cross detection circuit 3
It connects, the zero passage sync detection circuit 3 is connect with MCU micro-control units 4, and the MCU micro-control units 4 drive with MOS
Circuit 5 connects, and MOS drive circuit 5 is connect with MOS field-effect transistors, and the battery charger 6 draws partial pressure and passes through fortune
Amplifying circuit 7 is calculated to connect with MCU micro-control units.
Wherein charger specification is 6.5A, 60V, and the resistance value of resistance two is 10m Ω, and 5 times of operational amplification circuit amplification is whole
It is positive half-sinusoid that sinusoidal alternating current is made into voltage all by stream bridge；When zero cross detection circuit detects voltage over zero,
MCU controls MOS field-effect transistors and opens, and when it is 12V to flow through voltage, MOS field-effect transistors are opened, and are carried out to battery
Charging；When the calculated charge pulse currents of voltage institute that ADC0 sample ports sample are more than 65A, MOS field-effects are closed
Transistor, preserves the voltage value 60V of present sample, thus voltage range is in 15V~60V, battery charging.
Specific implementation mode 2：
A kind of charger charging circuit, including：Rectifier bridge 1, MOS field-effect transistors 2, zero passage sync detection circuit 3,
MCU micro-control units 4, MOS drive circuit 5, battery charger 6, operational amplification circuit 7, the rectifier bridge 1 with MOS
Effect transistor 2 and battery charger 6 are connected, the detection electricity synchronous with zero passage of the power supply after the rectifier bridge 1 is rectified
Road 3 connects, and the zero passage sync detection circuit 3 connect with MCU micro-control units 4, the MCU micro-control units 4 and
MOS drive circuit 5 connects, and MOS drive circuit 5 is connect with MOS field-effect transistors, and the battery charger 6, which is drawn, to be divided
Pressure is connect by operational amplification circuit 7 with MCU micro-control units.
Wherein charger specification is 8A, 60V, and the resistance value of resistance two is 10m Ω, and operational amplification circuit amplifies 5 times, rectification
It is positive half-sinusoid that sinusoidal alternating current is made into voltage all by bridge；When zero cross detection circuit detects voltage over zero, MCU
It controls MOS field-effect transistors to open, when it is 12V to flow through voltage, MOS field-effect transistors are opened, and battery is filled
Electricity；When the calculated charge pulse currents of voltage institute that ADC0 sample ports sample are more than 80A, it is brilliant to close MOS field-effects
Body pipe, preserves the voltage value 70V of present sample, thus voltage range is in 15V~70V, battery charging.
Specific implementation mode 3：
A kind of charger charging circuit, including：Rectifier bridge 1, MOS field-effect transistors 2, zero passage sync detection circuit 3,
MCU micro-control units 4, MOS drive circuit 5, battery charger 6, operational amplification circuit 7, the rectifier bridge 1 with MOS
Effect transistor 2 and battery charger 6 are connected, the detection electricity synchronous with zero passage of the power supply after the rectifier bridge 1 is rectified
Road 3 connects, and the zero passage sync detection circuit 3 connect with MCU micro-control units 4, the MCU micro-control units 4 and
MOS drive circuit 5 connects, and MOS drive circuit 5 is connect with MOS field-effect transistors, and the battery charger 6, which is drawn, to be divided
Pressure is connect by operational amplification circuit 7 with MCU micro-control units.
Wherein charger specification is 10A, 60V, and the resistance value of resistance two is 10m Ω, and operational amplification circuit amplifies 5 times, rectification
It is positive half-sinusoid that sinusoidal alternating current is made into voltage all by bridge；When zero cross detection circuit detects voltage over zero, MCU
It controls MOS field-effect transistors to open, when it is 12V to flow through voltage, MOS field-effect transistors are opened, and battery is filled
Electricity；When the calculated charge pulse currents of voltage institute that ADC0 sample ports sample are more than 100A, it is brilliant to close MOS field-effects
Body pipe, preserves the voltage value 100V of present sample, thus voltage range is in 15V~100V, battery charging.
Above-described embodiments merely represent several embodiments of the utility model, the description thereof is more specific and detailed,
But it should not be understood as limiting the scope of the patent of the utility model.It should be pointed out that for the common of this field
For technical staff, without departing from the concept of the premise utility, various modifications and improvements can be made, these all belong to
In the scope of protection of the utility model.Therefore, the protection domain of the utility model patent should be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of charger charging circuit, including：Rectifier bridge, MOS field-effect transistors, zero passage sync detection circuit, MCU micro-controls
Unit processed, MOS drive circuit, battery charger, operational amplification circuit, the rectifier bridge and MOS field-effect transistors with
And battery charger series connection, the power supply after the rectifier bridge is rectified are connect with zero passage sync detection circuit, the mistake
Zero sync detection circuit is connect with MCU micro-control units, and the MCU micro-control units are connect with MOS drive circuit, and MOS drives
Dynamic circuit is connect with MOS field-effect transistors, and it is micro- by operational amplification circuit and MCU that the battery charger draws partial pressure
Control unit connects.
2. charger charging circuit as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The rectifier bridge is used for 220V, frequency
The half-sinusoid of frequency 100Hz is rectified into for the AC power of 50Hz, the method for rectifying of the rectifier bridge is halfwave rectifier, entirely
At least one of wave rectification, bridge rectifier, rectifier bridge seal four diodes of bridge rectifier or two diodes
Dress.
3. charger charging circuit as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The MOS field-effect transistors are voltage
Type switchs, when flowing into voltage >=12V, MOS field-effect transistors opening, and when flowing into voltage < 12V, MOS field effect transistors
Pipe is closed.
4. charger charging circuit as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is used in the zero passage sync detection circuit
Photoelectrical coupler, triggering current-limiting resistance, gate electrode resistance, prevent false triggering, improve anti-interference ability.
5. charger charging circuit as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The MOS drive circuit includes resistance
One, ranging from 20 Ω~100 Ω of the resistance one.
6. charger charging circuit as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The MOS field-effect transistors control
To the charging of battery, when collected charging voltage is in 15V~100V, MOS field-effect transistors charge to lead-acid battery, and
When collected charging voltage < 12V or collected charging voltage > 100V, MOS field-effect transistors can be automatically closed
Protect battery.
7. the charger charging circuit as described in any one of claim 1~6, it is characterised in that：The battery charging
Circuit is mainly made of battery, resistance two, resistance three, resistance four, the resistance two and battery series connection, resistance three and resistance four
Series connection, this external resistance two and battery are in parallel with resistance three, resistance four, and further, the MCU micro-control units include two
ADC sample ports, respectively ADC0 and ADC1, ADC1 sample ports connect four institute of resistance three and resistance in battery charger
In the charging voltage of branch sampling battery, and two place branch sampling of resistance is electric in ADC0 sample ports connection battery charger
The Standard resistance range of partial pressure in resistance two, the resistance two is 1m Ω~10m Ω, ensures that the consumption power of itself is smaller, and electric
The Standard resistance range of resistance three and its resistance four is 1k Ω~900k Ω.
8. the charger charging circuit as described in any one of claim 1~6, it is characterised in that：The operation amplifier
Circuit is mainly made of amplifier and multiple resistance, and by the voltage passed through or Current amplifier, and operational amplification circuit is arranged
Before the ADC0 interfaces of MCU, 1 times of voltage amplification on the resistance two mainly to be acquired ADC0 sample ports or more, into
And calculate the charging current of battery.
9. the charger charging circuit as described in any one of claim 1~6, it is characterised in that：The MOS field-effects
Transistor has three poles, respectively：Grid G (Gate), drain D (Drain), source S (Source), the poles D and rectifier bridge
Connection, the poles G are connect with MOS drive circuit, and the poles S are connect with battery charger, and MOS field-effect transistors are battery charger
Switch control element, and the switch of MOS field-effect transistors is controlled by MCU micro-control units by MOS drive circuit.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201721483284.XU CN208062871U (en) | 2017-11-09 | 2017-11-09 | A kind of charger charging circuit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201721483284.XU CN208062871U (en) | 2017-11-09 | 2017-11-09 | A kind of charger charging circuit |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN208062871U true CN208062871U (en) | 2018-11-06 |
Family
ID=63997652
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201721483284.XU Active CN208062871U (en) | 2017-11-09 | 2017-11-09 | A kind of charger charging circuit |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110212612A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-09-06 | 刘塘兵 | A kind of high energy efficiency pulse charging apparatus and its control method |
| CN117792369A (en) * | 2024-02-26 | 2024-03-29 | 深圳市南方智控科技有限公司 | Key detection circuit of electronic equipment |
-
2017
- 2017-11-09 CN CN201721483284.XU patent/CN208062871U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110212612A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-09-06 | 刘塘兵 | A kind of high energy efficiency pulse charging apparatus and its control method |
| CN117792369A (en) * | 2024-02-26 | 2024-03-29 | 深圳市南方智控科技有限公司 | Key detection circuit of electronic equipment |
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