CN208046449U - A kind of start-up circuit of low conduction voltage drop - Google Patents
A kind of start-up circuit of low conduction voltage drop Download PDFInfo
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- CN208046449U CN208046449U CN201820273918.7U CN201820273918U CN208046449U CN 208046449 U CN208046449 U CN 208046449U CN 201820273918 U CN201820273918 U CN 201820273918U CN 208046449 U CN208046449 U CN 208046449U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a kind of start-up circuit of low conduction voltage drop, input voltage can be measured in real time, when detecting input voltage less than setting voltage value, N-MOS pipes are connected, so that the output voltage of start-up circuit and the pressure difference of input voltage are extremely low, ensure that rear class booster circuit starts voltage and follows input voltage substantially；When detecting input voltage higher than setting voltage value, start-up circuit output voltage is limited in the work input voltage range of late-class circuit by voltage limiting circuit work.
Description
Technical field
The utility model is related to a kind of start-up circuit, more particularly to a kind of start-up circuit of low conduction voltage drop.
Background technology
Start-up circuit is widely used in field of switch power.In Switching Power Supply product, no matter primary power source (AC-DC convert
Device) or secondary power supply (DC-DC converter), it is required for obtaining energy from input terminal, and provide a metastable power supply
Voltage is rear class control circuit or control IC power supplies, thus by control circuit work come driving switch break-make, control inductive
Device periodically transmits energy.
In general Switching Power Supply, when starting voltage less than control circuit or control IC minimums to solve input voltage, control
Circuit processed or control IC are unable to normal condition because that can not obtain sufficiently high supply voltage, cause corresponding Switching Power Supply
Two-stage power supply circuit (such as Fig. 1 structures), first order circuit can be used to arrive wide input voltage limitation clamper for the problem of cannot be started up
One lower voltage value, second level circuit by booster circuit (such as BOOST circuits) by prime boost in voltage to meet control
Circuit or the normal working voltage of control IC work so that switch power supply system can start work.But due to voltage clamping
The pressure drop of circuit input and output side itself is larger so that the input supply voltage of second level booster circuit reduces, and leads to second
Grade booster circuit can not work normally, final so that in low input, can not IC normal power supplies in order to control.
As shown in Figure 2 (load is rear class booster circuit), circuit operation principle is conventional voltage clamp circuit scheme：Product
Be powered moment, the emitter current of triode Q1 conducting, triode Q1 charges to capacitance C2 rapidly, when capacitance C2 voltages (namely
The output plus terminal of start-up circuit is supplied to the voltage of the feeder ear Vcc of control IC) the voltage stabilizing value that rises to zener diode D1 subtracts
When going the base stage of triode Q1 with emitter conduction voltage drop, stabilization is not further added by by Vcc voltage, reaches boosting electricity in Vcc voltage
When the operating voltage of road, booster circuit is started to work, it is established that rear class control circuit or the supply voltage for controlling IC, but circuit
In operating on low voltage, triode Q1 is operated in amplification region, and pressure drop is larger on triode Q1 and resistance R2, reduces Vcc under low pressure
Voltage value, cause second level booster circuit that can not work normally so that switch power supply system is difficult to when Vin is relatively low
Start.With other kinds of regulator circuit or voltage clamp circuit, it also will appear the problem that pressure difference is excessive under low pressure.
In conclusion wide-voltage range Switching Power Supply start-up circuit is confined in industry at present：It is powered using two-stage electric
The product of road scheme or single-stage power supply circuit scheme, first order voltage clamp circuit will appear input and output pressure difference mistake under low pressure
Greatly so that the problem of booster circuit or rear class control circuit can not start cannot be satisfied the startup from extremely low voltage to high voltage
Voltage range.
Utility model content：
Have in view of that, the utility model proposes a kind of start-up circuits of low conduction voltage drop, can be carried out to input voltage real
When detect, when detect input voltage less than setting voltage value when, N-MOS pipes conducting so that the output voltage of start-up circuit with
The pressure difference of input voltage is extremely low, ensures that rear class booster circuit starts voltage and follows input voltage substantially；When detecting input voltage
When higher than setting voltage value, start-up circuit output voltage is limited in the work of rear class booster circuit by voltage limiting circuit work
In input voltage range.
The utility model itself be lost it is extremely low, when input voltage be low-voltage when, driving circuit itself be lost it is relatively low, simultaneously
Because being managed using N-MOS, the N-MOS pipes saturation conduction in operating on low voltage, the conducting resistance of start-up circuit is extremely low；In high-pressure work
When, voltage limiting circuit can be used satisfaction and lower voltage stabilizing or pressure limiting circuit be lost, and had both ensured and has started electricity under high input voltage
The normal work on road, and reduce the loss of start-up circuit work.
A kind of start-up circuit of low conduction voltage drop described in the utility model, including voltage limiting circuit, N-MOS pipe and drive
Dynamic circuit.The visible Fig. 3 of concrete principle block diagram.
The input terminal of the driving circuit connects input voltage vin, is generated after carrying out voltage sample to input voltage vin
Voltage Vg is controlled, the control voltage Vg is exported to the grid of N-MOS pipes, the drain electrode connection input voltage vin of N-MOS pipes, N-
The source electrode of MOS pipes is connected to the output end of start-up circuit, powers for late-class circuit；The input terminal of voltage limiting circuit and output
End is connected to drain electrode and the source electrode of N-MOS pipes；
The driving circuit, which is equipped with, judges voltage range, judges electricity when the input voltage vin is less than driving circuit
When minimum value between pressure area, N-MOS pipes conducting, by the voltage limiting circuit short circuit, the source electrode by N-MOS pipes is
Late-class circuit is powered；
When the input voltage vin is when driving circuit judges in voltage range, the N-MOS is managed and the electricity
Pressure limiting circuit is all connected, and is that late-class circuit is powered jointly by the source electrode of N-MOS pipes and the output end of voltage limiting circuit；
When the input voltage vin judges the maximum value of voltage range more than driving circuit, the N-MOS pipes close
It is disconnected, it is powered for late-class circuit by the output end of the voltage limiting circuit.
Preferably, the voltage limiting circuit is the electricity that input voltage vin is converted to stable output voltage range
Clamp circuit is pressed, or input voltage vin is converted to the regulator circuit of fixed output voltage values.
Preferably, the voltage clamp circuit includes the first chip, the input terminal connection input electricity of first chip
Press Vin, the ground terminal ground connection of first chip, the source electrode of the output end connection N-MOS pipes of first chip.
Preferably, the regulator circuit includes second resistance, 3rd resistor, the first NPN triode, the first capacitance and
Two zener diodes；The second resistance is connected between input voltage vin and the collector of the first NPN triode, described
3rd resistor be connected between input voltage vin and the base stage of the first NPN triode；The base of first NPN triode
The cathode of pole connection second zener diode, the output end of the emitter connection driving circuit of the first NPN triode
VDD；The anode connection ground of second zener diode；First capacitance connection is in the output end VDD of driving circuit
Between ground.
Preferably, the driving circuit includes first resistor and the first zener diode, and the one of the first resistor
End is connected to input voltage vin, and the other end of first resistor is connected with the cathode of first zener diode, and connects
Output end output control voltage Vg of the point as driving circuit, the anode of the first zener diode and ground connection.
Preferably, the voltage stabilizing value of first zener diode is less than the voltage stabilizing value of the second zener diode.
Preferably, the driving circuit judges the minimum value of voltage range for the voltage stabilizing value of the first zener diode, institute
The driving circuit stated judges the maximum value of voltage range for the threshold voltage of the voltage stabilizing value and N-MOS pipes of the first zener diode
The sum of.
Compared with prior art, the utility model has following remarkable result：
1, the utility model using N-MOS pipes come the output voltage of start-up circuit when controlling low pressure, to ensure low pressure
When start-up circuit output voltage it is almost the same with input voltage, meet the power demands under rear class booster circuit low pressure.
2, the utility model circuit structure use wide input voltage range regulator circuit or clamp circuit composition
Voltage limiting circuit, start-up circuit output voltage is not excessively high when to ensure high input voltage, and it is high to meet rear class booster circuit
The input voltage range of pressure.
3, the utility model itself is lost extremely low, the voltage limiting circuit formed using low-loss constant current voltage limiting chip,
The voltage sample loss of driving circuit is also smaller, will not be lost due to overflow means circuit characteristic increasing circuit itself.
Description of the drawings：
Fig. 1 is the functional block diagram of traditional wide input range start-up circuit for meeting low pressure input；
Fig. 2 is traditional voltage clamp circuit schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is the principles of the present invention block diagram；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the utility model first embodiment；
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the utility model second embodiment；
Fig. 6 is the application principle figure of the utility model first embodiment；
Fig. 7 is the application principle figure of the utility model second embodiment.
Specific implementation mode
Fig. 3 shows functional block diagram, it then follows the connection relation of above-mentioned initial technical solution.First branch illustrates this reality
With novel 3 had feature：
1, external powering device works normally, and when input voltage judges the minimum value of voltage range less than driving circuit, opens
The output voltage of dynamic circuit is with input voltage almost without pressure difference.
2, external powering device work normally, input voltage when driving circuit judges in voltage range, start-up circuit
The pressure difference of output voltage and input voltage slowly increases with the increase of input voltage.
3, external powering device works normally, and when input voltage judges the maximum value of voltage range more than driving circuit, opens
Dynamic voltage output voltage stabilization is in a voltage value or stablizes in an output voltage range, unrelated with the variation of input voltage.
First embodiment
The voltage limiting circuit, N-MOS pipes and driving circuit of the utility model, the input terminal connection input electricity of driving circuit
Vin is pressed, generation control voltage Vg, the control voltage Vg after input voltage vin progress voltage sample are exported to N-MOS pipes
The drain electrode of grid, N-MOS pipes connects input voltage vin, and the source electrode of N-MOS pipes is connected to late-class circuit, is supplied for late-class circuit
Electricity；The input terminal and output end of voltage limiting circuit are connected to drain electrode and the source electrode of N-MOS pipes.
For each circuit module, above 3 features are specifically described using circuit in detail below in conjunction with attached drawing 4
It is as follows：
N-MOS pipes TR1 selection depletion type N-MOS pipes, being more than a certain negative value VT in Vgs voltages can be connected.
Voltage limiting circuit is a voltage clamp circuit, including constant current voltage limiting chip IC 1 and the first capacitance C1, IC1 tool
There is following characteristic：When output voltage VDD is less than setting voltage value, output voltage VDD follows input voltage vin, when output electricity
When pressure is higher than limitation voltage value, output voltage VDD is limited in a voltage range less than setting voltage value.
Driving circuit includes first resistor R1 and the first zener diode Z1.
The input terminal of first chip IC 1 is connected with Vin, and the output end VDD of IC1 is connected with late-class circuit,
IC1 ground terminals are grounded；The poles D of the N-MOS pipes TR1 are connected with Vin, and the output end VDD of the poles the S connection IC1 of TR1 is simultaneously
And late-class circuit is connected jointly, the poles G of TR1 are connected with the cathode of the first zener diode Z1；First electricity
One end of resistance R1 is connected to Vin, and the other end is connected with the cathode of the first zener diode Z1, and tie point is as drive
The anode of output end output control the voltage Vg, Z1 of dynamic circuit and ground connection；The first capacitance C1 is connected to the output end of IC1
Between VDD and ground.
The course of work of the utility model is described as follows with reference to Fig. 4：
Feature 1 is worked normally for electric installation, when input voltage judges the minimum value of voltage range less than driving circuit, is started
Circuit output voltage is with input voltage almost without pressure difference：
When input voltage is not up to the voltage stabilizing value of zener diode Z1, zener diode Z1 is in cut-off state, input electricity
Press G, S capacitances and capacitance C1 charging of the Vin by resistance R1 to N-MOS pipes TR1 so that the G of N-MOS pipes TR1 is extremely to GND's
Voltage is equal to input voltage vin, and the G pole tensions of N-MOS pipes TR1 are more than S pole tensions, N-MOS pipes TR1 conductings so that start electricity
The output voltage on road is with input voltage almost without pressure difference.
Feature 2 is worked normally for electric installation, and input voltage is when driving circuit judges in voltage range, start-up circuit output
The pressure difference of voltage and input voltage slowly increases with the increase of input voltage：
When input voltage is gradually increased to the voltage stabilizing value more than zener diode Z1, and the voltage stabilizing less than zener diode Z1
When being worth the voltage value being added with the absolute value of the threshold voltage VT of N-MOS pipes TR1, the output signal Vg voltages of driving circuit
For value stabilization in the voltage stabilizing value of zener diode Z1, N-MOS pipes enter amplification region, and electric current is managed and IC1 by N-MOS between Vin and VDD
It is common to provide, during Vin slowly rises, the pressure difference between start-up circuit output voltage VDD and Vin follow N-MOS pipes into
Enter amplification region and slowly increases.
Feature 3 is worked normally for electric installation, when input voltage judges the maximum value of voltage range more than driving circuit, is started
Circuit output voltage is stablized in a voltage value or is stablized in an output voltage range, unrelated with the variation of input voltage：
When input voltage vin judges the maximum value of voltage range more than driving circuit, i.e., input voltage vin is more than voltage stabilizing
When the voltage value that the voltage stabilizing value of diode Z1 is added with the threshold voltage VT of N-MOS pipes TR1, N-MOS pipes enter cut-off region,
Electric current is only provided by IC1 between Vin and VDD, and start-up circuit output voltage VDD is directly determined by the stabilizing voltage characteristic of IC1, and will
Output voltage stabilization is within the scope of the output voltage limiting value of IC1.
Second embodiment
The present embodiment and first embodiment difference lies in：
Voltage limiting circuit is a regulator circuit, including second resistance R2,3rd resistor R3, the first NPN triode Q1,
First capacitance C2 and the second zener diode Z2.
The second resistance R2 is connected between input voltage vin and the poles C of the first NPN triode Q1, and described
Three resistance R3 are connected between input voltage vin and the poles B of the first NPN triode Q1；The B of first NPN triode Q1
The cathode of the pole connection second zener diode Z2, the poles E connect the output end VDD of driving circuit；Second voltage stabilizing
The anode connection ground GND of diode Z2；The first capacitance C1 be connected to the output end VDD of driving circuit and ground GND it
Between.
The voltage stabilizing value of first zener diode Z1 need to be less than the voltage stabilizing value of the second zener diode Z2, such as two pole of the first voltage stabilizing
The zener diode of pipe Z1 selections 5.1V, the zener diode of the second zener diode Z2 selections 12V.
The course of work of the utility model is described as follows with reference to Fig. 5：
Feature 1 is worked normally for electric installation, when input voltage judges the minimum value of voltage range less than driving circuit, is started
Circuit output voltage is with input voltage almost without pressure difference：
When input voltage is not up to the voltage stabilizing value of zener diode Z1, zener diode Z1 is in cut-off state, input electricity
Press G, S capacitances and capacitance C1 charging of the Vin by resistance R1 to N-MOS pipes TR1 so that the G of N-MOS pipes TR1 is extremely to GND's
Voltage is equal to input voltage vin, and the G pole tensions of N-MOS pipes TR1 are more than S pole tensions, N-MOS pipes TR1 conductings so that start electricity
The output voltage on road is with input voltage almost without pressure difference.
Feature 2 is worked normally for electric installation, and input voltage is when driving circuit judges in voltage range, start-up circuit output
The pressure difference of voltage and input voltage slowly increases with the increase of input voltage：
When input voltage is gradually increased to the voltage stabilizing value more than zener diode Z1, and is less than, zener diode Z1's is steady
When the voltage value that pressure value is added with the absolute value of the threshold voltage VT of N-MOS pipes TR1, the output signal Vg voltages of driving circuit
For value stabilization in the voltage stabilizing value of zener diode Z1, N-MOS pipes enter amplification region, between Vin and VDD electric current by N-MOS manage with by
The linear voltage-stabilizing circuit of R2, R3, Q1 and Z2 composition provides jointly, during Vin slowly rises, start-up circuit output voltage
Pressure difference between VDD and Vin follows N-MOS pipes to enter amplification region and slowly increase.
Feature 3 is worked normally for electric installation, when input voltage judges the maximum value of voltage range more than driving circuit, is started
Circuit output voltage is stablized in a voltage value or is stablized in an output voltage range, unrelated with the variation of input voltage：
When input voltage vin judges the maximum value of voltage range more than driving circuit, i.e., input voltage vin is more than voltage stabilizing
When the voltage value that the voltage stabilizing value of diode Z1 is added with the threshold voltage VT of N-MOS pipes TR1, N-MOS pipes enter cut-off region,
Electric current is only provided by the linear voltage-stabilizing circuit that R2, R3, Q1 and Z2 are formed between Vin and VDD, and start-up circuit output voltage VDD is straight
The stabilizing voltage characteristic decision by R2, R3, Q1 and Z2 linear voltage-stabilizing circuit formed is connect, and by output voltage stabilization in zener diode
The voltage stabilizing value of Z1 subtracts the body diode pressure drop of B, E of triode Q1.
Above are merely preferred embodiments of the utility model, it is noted that above-mentioned preferred embodiment should not regard
For the limitation of the utility model, on the basis of the utility model Fig. 3 functional block diagrams, for the ordinary skill people of the art
Member for, without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model, can also make it is alternatively improved and retouching, these improve and
Retouching is no longer repeated with embodiment here also in the scope of protection of the utility model, and the scope of protection of the utility model should be with
Subject to claim limited range.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of start-up circuit of low conduction voltage drop, it is characterised in that：Including N-MOS pipes, driving circuit and voltage limiting circuit；
The input terminal of the driving circuit connects input voltage vin, and control is generated after carrying out voltage sample to input voltage vin
Voltage Vg, the control voltage Vg are exported to the grid of N-MOS pipes, and the drain electrode of N-MOS pipes connects input voltage vin, N-MOS pipes
Source electrode be connected to the output end of start-up circuit, power for late-class circuit；The input terminal and output end of voltage limiting circuit are distinguished
It is connected to drain electrode and the source electrode of N-MOS pipes；
The driving circuit, which is equipped with, judges voltage range, when the input voltage vin judges voltage zone less than driving circuit
Between minimum value when, the described voltage limiting circuit short circuit is rear class by the source electrode of N-MOS pipes by N-MOS pipes conducting
Circuit is powered；
When the input voltage vin is when driving circuit judges in voltage range, N-MOS pipes and the voltage limit
Circuit processed is all connected, and is that late-class circuit is powered jointly by the source electrode of N-MOS pipes and the output end of voltage limiting circuit；
When the input voltage vin judges the maximum value of voltage range more than driving circuit, N-MOS pipes shutdown,
It is powered for late-class circuit by the output end of the voltage limiting circuit.
2. a kind of start-up circuit of low conduction voltage drop according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The voltage limitation electricity
Road is input voltage vin to be converted to the voltage clamp circuit of stable output voltage range, or input voltage vin is turned
It is changed to the regulator circuit of fixed output voltage values.
3. a kind of start-up circuit of low conduction voltage drop according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The voltage clamping electricity
Road includes the first chip, and the input terminal of first chip connects input voltage vin, and the ground terminal of first chip is grounded,
The source electrode of the output end connection N-MOS pipes of first chip.
4. a kind of start-up circuit of low conduction voltage drop according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The regulator circuit packet
Include second resistance, 3rd resistor, the first NPN triode, the first capacitance and the second zener diode；The second resistance connection
Between input voltage vin and the collector of the first NPN triode, the 3rd resistor is connected to input voltage vin and
Between the base stage of one NPN triode；The moon of base stage connection second zener diode of first NPN triode
Pole, the output end VDD of the emitter connection driving circuit of the first NPN triode；The anode of second zener diode connects
Ground connection；First capacitance connection is between the output end VDD and ground of driving circuit.
5. a kind of start-up circuit of low conduction voltage drop according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The driving circuit packet
Include first resistor and the first zener diode, one end of the first resistor is connected to input voltage vin, first resistor it is another
One end is connected with the cathode of first zener diode, and output end output control electricity of the tie point as driving circuit
Press Vg, the plus earth of the first zener diode.
6. a kind of start-up circuit of low conduction voltage drop according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：First voltage stabilizing, two pole
The voltage stabilizing value of pipe is less than the voltage stabilizing value of the second zener diode.
7. a kind of start-up circuit of low conduction voltage drop according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：The driving circuit is sentenced
The minimum value of disconnected voltage range is the voltage stabilizing value of the first zener diode, and the driving circuit judges the maximum value of voltage range
For the sum of the threshold voltage of the voltage stabilizing value and N-MOS pipes of the first zener diode.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201820273918.7U CN208046449U (en) | 2018-02-26 | 2018-02-26 | A kind of start-up circuit of low conduction voltage drop |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201820273918.7U CN208046449U (en) | 2018-02-26 | 2018-02-26 | A kind of start-up circuit of low conduction voltage drop |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN208046449U true CN208046449U (en) | 2018-11-02 |
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| CN201820273918.7U Active CN208046449U (en) | 2018-02-26 | 2018-02-26 | A kind of start-up circuit of low conduction voltage drop |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108173426A (en) * | 2018-02-26 | 2018-06-15 | 广州金升阳科技有限公司 | A kind of start-up circuit of low conduction voltage drop |
| WO2019161709A1 (en) * | 2018-02-26 | 2019-08-29 | 广州金升阳科技有限公司 | Starting circuit with ultralow input voltage |
-
2018
- 2018-02-26 CN CN201820273918.7U patent/CN208046449U/en active Active
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108173426A (en) * | 2018-02-26 | 2018-06-15 | 广州金升阳科技有限公司 | A kind of start-up circuit of low conduction voltage drop |
| WO2019161711A1 (en) * | 2018-02-26 | 2019-08-29 | 广州金升阳科技有限公司 | Starting circuit with low conduction voltage drop |
| WO2019161709A1 (en) * | 2018-02-26 | 2019-08-29 | 广州金升阳科技有限公司 | Starting circuit with ultralow input voltage |
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