CN108233693A - A kind of start-up circuit of ultralow input voltage - Google Patents
A kind of start-up circuit of ultralow input voltage Download PDFInfo
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- CN108233693A CN108233693A CN201810161362.7A CN201810161362A CN108233693A CN 108233693 A CN108233693 A CN 108233693A CN 201810161362 A CN201810161362 A CN 201810161362A CN 108233693 A CN108233693 A CN 108233693A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/36—Means for starting or stopping converters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33507—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
- H02M1/0006—Arrangements for supplying an adequate voltage to the control circuit of converters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33561—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having more than one ouput with independent control
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Amplifiers (AREA)
- Continuous-Control Power Sources That Use Transistors (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention proposes a kind of start-up circuit of ultralow input voltage, PNP triode, and voltage limiting circuit controls output voltage range, ensures that output voltage meets the operating voltage range of rear class ultra-wide input voltage range power module start-up circuit rear class booster circuit.By sampling of the control circuit to input voltage, ensure that start-up circuit will not influence rear class power supply in operating on low voltage due to pressure difference itself；In high-pressure work, output voltage can be controlled in a voltage range, ensure that start-up circuit output voltage in operating voltage section meets rear class booster circuit operating voltage range.The loss of circuit working state is extremely low simultaneously.
Description
Technical field
It is the control of power stage circuit the present invention relates to a kind of Switching Power Supply start-up circuit, in more particularly to a kind of Switching Power Supply
Circuit processed or control IC power supplies or the start-up circuit for the power supply of start-up circuit rear class booster circuit.
Background technology
Start-up circuit is widely used in field of switch power.In Switching Power Supply product, no matter primary power source (AC-DC convert
Device) or secondary power supply (DC-DC converter), it is required for obtaining energy from input terminal, and provide a stable supply voltage
It powers for rear class control circuit or control IC, thus by control circuit work come driving switch break-make, control inductive device
Periodically transmit energy.
In general Switching Power Supply, when starting voltage less than control circuit or control IC minimums to solve input voltage, control
Circuit processed or control IC enter under-voltage condition because can not obtain sufficiently high supply voltage due to, cause corresponding Switching Power Supply without
Two-stage power supply circuit (such as Fig. 1 1. branch structure) can be used in the problem of method is switched on, and wide input voltage is limited and clamped by first order circuit
To a relatively low voltage value, preceding step voltage is lifted to by second level circuit by booster circuit (generally BOOST circuits) for position
Meet control circuit or control the normal working voltage of IC work so that switch power supply system starts work；Or it is supplied using single-stage
Wide input voltage is limited clamper to a relatively low voltage value, reduces and exported under low pressure by circuit (such as Fig. 1 2. branch structure)
Pressure difference between voltage Vo and Vin expands Vo and meets control circuit under low pressure or control the normal working voltage area of IC work
Between so that switch power supply system starts work.But due between voltage clamp circuit Vin to Vo pressure difference it is too big, limit
The startup voltage of two level booster circuit.Conventional voltage clamp circuit scheme (is loaded as rear class booster circuit) as shown in Figure 2, circuit
Operation principle is：Product is powered moment, and transistor Q1 conductings, the emitter current of transistor Q1 charges rapidly to capacitance C2, when
Capacitance C2 voltages (namely the output plus terminal of start-up circuit is supplied to the voltage of the feeder ear Vcc of control IC) rise to two pole of voltage stabilizing
When the voltage stabilizing value of pipe D1 subtracts the base stage of transistor Q1 with emitter conduction voltage drop, stabilization is not further added by by Vcc voltage, in Vcc
When voltage reaches booster circuit operating voltage, booster circuit is started to work, it is established that rear class control circuit or the confession for controlling IC
Piezoelectric voltage, but circuit is in operating on low voltage, transistor Q1 are in amplification region, and pressure drop is larger on Q1 and resistance R2, limits low
The voltage value of Vcc is depressed, the startup voltage of booster circuit is limited, switch power supply system is caused to be difficult to when Vin is relatively low
Start.With other kinds of regulator circuit or voltage clamp circuit, it also will appear the problem of pressure difference is excessive under low pressure.
In conclusion wide-voltage range Switching Power Supply start-up circuit is confined in industry at present：It is powered using two-stage electric
The product of road scheme or single-stage power supply circuit scheme, first order voltage clamp circuit will appear input and output pressure difference mistake under low pressure
Greatly so that the problem of booster circuit or rear class control circuit can not start can not meet the startup from extremely low voltage to high voltage
Voltage range.
Invention content
Have in view of that, the present invention proposes a kind of start-up circuit of ultralow input voltage, input voltage can be carried out real-time
Detection, when detecting that input voltage is low, PNP triode conducting so that the output voltage and input voltage of start-up circuit
Pressure difference it is extremely low, ensure that rear class booster circuit starts voltage and follows input voltage or rear class control circuit or control IC substantially
Operating voltage follows input voltage substantially；When detecting that input voltage is higher, regulator circuit or voltage clamp circuit structure
Into voltage limiting circuit work, start-up circuit output voltage is limited in the work input voltage range of rear class booster circuit
It is interior or be limited in rear class control circuit or control IC operating voltage ranges in.
The present invention itself loss it is extremely low, when input voltage be low-voltage when, control circuit be lost in itself it is relatively low, simultaneously as
Using PNP triode, the PNP triode saturation conduction in operating on low voltage, the conduction impedance of start-up circuit is extremely low with conducting resistance；
In high-pressure work, voltage limiting circuit, which can be used to meet, is lost relatively low voltage clamp circuit, has both ensured high input voltage
The normal work of lower start-up circuit, and reduce the loss of start-up circuit work.
The start-up circuit of a kind of ultralow input voltage of the present invention, including the first PNP triode, control circuit and electricity
Press limiting circuit；
The input terminal connection input voltage vin of the control circuit, generates after carrying out voltage sample to input voltage vin
Voltage Vg, the control voltage Vg is controlled to export to the base stage of first PNP triode, the emitter of the first PNP triode
Input voltage vin is connected, the collector of the first PNP triode is connected to late-class circuit as the output terminal of start-up circuit, after being
Grade circuit power supply；The input terminal and output terminal of voltage limiting circuit are connected to the emitter and current collection of the first PNP triode
Pole；
The voltage limiting circuit is the regulator circuit for exporting fixed voltage value or the voltage for exporting fixed voltage range
Limiting circuit；During steady operation, it is normal that voltage limiting circuit output voltage for a fixed voltage or one meets late-class circuit
The fixed voltage range of work；
The control circuit, which is equipped with, judges voltage range, judges electricity when the input voltage vin is less than control circuit
During minimum value between pressure area, control voltage Vg and the input voltage vin pressure difference of control circuit output are more than first
The saturation conduction voltage of PNP triode, first PNP triode enter saturation region conducting, and the voltage is limited electricity
Short out road is powered by the current collection extremely late-class circuit of the first PNP triode；
When the control that the input voltage vin is when control circuit is judged in voltage range, and the control circuit exports
Voltage Vg processed is gradually reduced with the input voltage vin pressure difference, and first PNP triode enters amplification region, while described
Voltage limiting circuit be gradually turned on, after being jointly by the collector of the first PNP triode and the output terminal of voltage limiting circuit
Grade circuit power supply；
When the input voltage vin judges the maximum value of voltage range more than control circuit, the control circuit
With the input voltage vin without pressure difference, first PNP triode enters to be turned off the control voltage Vg of output by area, by
The output terminal of the voltage limiting circuit is powered for late-class circuit.
Preferably, when the input voltage vin voltage is from small toward big excessive process, allow the first PNP triode
Input voltage controls voltage Vg to be gradually reduced with the input voltage vin pressure difference；Also allow the input electricity of PNP triode circuit
Pressure controls voltage Vg and the start-up circuit input voltage vin pressure difference from the saturation conduction voltage more than the first PNP triode
Approximation is sported without pressure difference；
When the control voltage Vg is from low potential to the excessive process of high potential, allow the first PNP triode from saturation
Conducting area enters amplification region, then progress into cut-off region；Also the first PNP triode is allowed to be from the direct saltus step of saturation conduction state
Cut-off state；
When the process that the first PNP triode working condition changes, allow that there are the voltage limiting circuit and PNP
The section that triode simultaneously turns on also allows the situation for only existing PNP triode or voltage limiting circuit is independently connected.
Preferably, the voltage limiting circuit is the electricity that input voltage vin is converted to stable output voltage range
Pressure clamp circuit or the regulator circuit that input voltage vin is converted to fixed output voltage values.
Preferably, the voltage limiting circuit includes the 4th resistance, the 5th resistance, the first capacitance, tri- poles of the first NPN
Pipe, the second diode；4th resistance one terminates the collector of the first NPN triode, and the connection of the 4th resistance other end is defeated
Enter voltage Vin；One end connection input voltage vin of 5th resistance, the 5th resistance other end connect the base of the first NPN triode
Pole；One end of first capacitance connects the base stage of the first NPN triode, the other end connection ground of the first capacitance；Second diode
Cathode connects the base stage of the first NPN triode, the anode connection ground of the second diode；The emitter conduct of first NPN triode
The output terminal of the voltage limiting circuit connects the collector of the first PNP triode.
Preferably, the second diode is voltage-stabiliser tube.
Preferably, the voltage limiting circuit includes the first chip IC 1, and first chip IC 1 has and will input
Voltage Vin is converted to the function of stable voltage range output；The input terminal connection input voltage of first chip IC 1
Vin, the ground terminal ground connection of the first chip IC 1, the output terminal of the first chip IC 1 connect the collector of the first PNP triode Q1.
Preferably, the voltage limiting circuit includes the second chip IC 2, and second chip IC 2 has and will input
Voltage Vin is converted to the function of fixed output voltage；The input terminal connection input voltage vin of second chip IC 2, the second core
The ground terminal ground connection of piece IC1, the output terminal of the first chip IC 2 connect the collector of the first PNP triode as the startup electricity
The output voltage Vo on road.
Preferably, the ground of the start-up circuit of the ultralow input voltage and external powering device, late-class circuit be altogether.
Preferably, the control circuit includes first resistor, second resistance, 3rd resistor, the first diode, second
PNP triode；The 3rd resistor is connected between the cathode of input voltage vin and the first diode；First diode
Plus earth；One end of second resistance is connected to the tie point of the cathode of 3rd resistor and the first diode, second resistance it is another
One end is connect with the base stage of the second PNP triode；The emitter connection input voltage vin of second PNP triode, the 2nd PNP tri-
The collector of pole pipe connects one end of first resistor and as the output terminal output control voltage Vg of control circuit；First resistor
The other end is grounded.
Preferably, the first diode is voltage-stabiliser tube.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following remarkable result：
1st, the present invention using PNP triode come the output voltage of start-up circuit when controlling low pressure, during so as to ensure low pressure
Start-up circuit output voltage is basically identical with input voltage, meets the power demands under rear class booster circuit low pressure.
2nd, circuit structure of the present invention employs the regulator circuit of wide input voltage range or the voltage of clamp circuit composition
Limiting circuit, start-up circuit output voltage will not be excessively high during so as to ensure high input voltage, meets rear class booster circuit high pressure
Under input voltage range.
3rd, present invention loss itself is extremely low, the voltage limiting circuit formed using low-loss constant current voltage limiting chip, control
The voltage sample loss of circuit is also smaller, will not be lost due to overflow means circuit characteristic increasing circuit itself.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the application block diagram of traditional wide input range start-up circuit for meeting low pressure input；
Fig. 2 is traditional voltage clamp circuit schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is the principle of the present invention block diagram；
Fig. 4 is the application principle figure of first embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 5 is the circuit diagram of first embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 6 is the circuit diagram of second embodiment of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Fig. 3 shows functional block diagram, it then follows the connection relation of above-mentioned initial technical solution.First branch illustrates this hair
Bright 3 features having：
1st, external powering device works normally, and when input voltage judges the minimum value of voltage range less than control circuit, opens
The output voltage of dynamic circuit is with input voltage almost without pressure difference.
2nd, external powering device work normally, input voltage when control circuit is judged in voltage range, start-up circuit
The pressure difference of output voltage and input voltage slowly increases with the increase of input voltage.
3rd, external powering device works normally, and when input voltage judges the maximum value of voltage range more than control circuit, opens
The output voltage stabilization of dynamic circuit is in a voltage value or stablizes in an output voltage range, the variation nothing with input voltage
It closes.
First embodiment
The start-up circuit of a kind of ultralow input voltage of the present invention, including the first PNP triode Q1, control circuit and voltage
Limiting circuit for each circuit module, carries out specifically above 3 features using circuit in detail below with reference to attached drawing 5
It is bright as follows：
Control circuit of the present invention includes first resistor R1, second resistance R2,3rd resistor R3, the first diode
Z1, the second PNP triode Q2.First diode Z1 can use 5.1V voltage-stabiliser tubes.The 3rd resistor R3 is connected to input voltage
Between the cathode of Vin and the first diode Z1；The anode of first diode Z1 connects input ground；One end connection the of second resistance R2
The tie point of the cathode of three resistance R3 and the first diode Z1, the other end of R2 are connect with the base stage of the second PNP triode Q2；The
The emitter connection input voltage vin of two PNP triode Q2, the collector connection first resistor R1's of the second PNP triode Q2
One end and as the output terminal output control voltage Vg of control circuit；The other end ground connection of first resistor R1.
The output terminal of the base stage connection control circuit of the first PNP triode Q1, the transmitting of the first PNP triode Q1
Pole connects input voltage vin, the output voltage Vo of the collector of the first PNP triode Q1 as the start-up circuit.
Voltage limiting circuit of the present invention is voltage clamp circuit, and input voltage vin is converted to stable voltage
Range exports, and including the first chip IC 1, any chip with above-mentioned function can be selected in the first chip IC 1, is adopted in the present embodiment
Use SCM9603A.The input terminal connection input voltage vin of first chip IC 1, the ground connection input of the first chip IC 1
Ground, the output terminal of the first chip IC 1 connect output voltage of the collector of the first PNP triode Q1 as the start-up circuit
Vo。
The course of work of the present invention is described as follows with reference to Fig. 5：
Feature 1 is worked normally for electric installation, when input voltage judges the minimum value of voltage range less than control circuit, is started
The output voltage Vo of circuit is with input voltage vin almost without pressure difference：
When input voltage judges the minimum value of voltage range less than control circuit, due to being not up to zener diode Z1's
Voltage value is equivalent to cut-off state；The electric current very little of resistance R3 is flowed through, zener diode Z1 cathode voltages follow input electricity substantially
Pressure, pressure difference very little between the base stage and emitter of PNP triode Q2, triode Q2 cut-offs, the collector of Q2 are pulled down by resistance R1；
The output signal Vg of control circuit is low level so that the backward voltage between the base stage and emitter of PNP triode Q1 is larger,
PNP triode Q1 saturation conductions, by voltage limiting circuit short circuit, start-up circuit output voltage Vo follows input Vin, and pressure difference is
PNP triode Q1 saturation conduction pressure differences, almost without pressure difference.
Feature 2 for electric installation work normally, input voltage when control circuit is judged in voltage range, start-up circuit it is defeated
The pressure difference for going out voltage Vo and input voltage vin slowly increases with the increase of input voltage：
When input voltage gradually rises, gradually the voltage value more than zener diode Z1, zener diode start Zener and hit
It wears；The electric current for flowing through resistance R3 gradually increases, and voltage-stabiliser tube Z1 cathode voltages are basicly stable, the base stage of PNP triode Q2 and transmitting
Pressure difference gradually increases between pole, and triode Q2 enters amplification region, flows through Q2 collector currents and input voltage is followed to rise gradually increasing
Greatly, Q2 collector voltages follow resistance R1 voltages gradually to increase；The output signal Vg of control circuit gradually increases so that PNP tri-
Backward voltage between the base stage and emitter of pole pipe Q1 is gradually reduced, and PNP triode Q1 enters amplification region, between Vin and Vo
Electric current is provided jointly by PNP triode Q1 and voltage limiting circuit IC1SCM9603A；It is ultralow defeated during Vin slowly rises
Enter the pressure difference between the start-up circuit output voltage Vo of voltage and input voltage vin follow PNP triode Q1 enter amplification region and
Slowly increase.
Feature 3 is worked normally for electric installation, when input voltage judges the maximum value of voltage range more than control circuit, is started
The output voltage Vo of circuit stablizes in an output voltage range, unrelated with the variation of input voltage vin：
When input voltage judges the maximum value of voltage range more than control circuit, zener diode Z1 keeps Zener breakdown
And continuous firing burning voltage；The electric current for flowing through resistance R3 gradually increases, and zener diode Z1 cathode voltages are basicly stable constant,
Pressure difference enters saturation conduction section (PN junction pressure difference) between the base stage and emitter of PNP triode Q2, triode Q2 saturation conductions,
Collector follows input voltage vin and pressure difference very little；The output signal Vg of control circuit is approximately equal to input voltage vin so that
Pressure difference between the base stage and emitter of PNP triode Q1 is approximately 0, PNP triode Q1 cut-off shutdowns；It is electric between Vin and Vo
Stream is directly provided by IC1SCM9603A, and start-up circuit output voltage Vo is directly determined by the stabilizing voltage characteristic of IC1SCM9603A, and
By output voltage stabilization in an output voltage range.
Second embodiment
On the basis of first embodiment, voltage limiting circuit is improved and can obtain the second embodiment of the present invention,
Accompanying drawings below 6 is specifically described above 3 features in the specific circuit of second embodiment as follows：
Control circuit of the present invention and the first PNP triode Q1 are consistent with first embodiment.
What is different from the first embodiment is that voltage limiting circuit of the present invention is a regulator circuit, by input voltage
It is stabilized to fixed voltage value output.Voltage limiting circuit includes the capacitance of the 4th resistance R4, the 5th resistance R5, first C1, and first
NPN triode Q3, the second diode Z2.Second diode Z2 can use 10V voltage-stabiliser tubes.A termination the of the 4th resistance R4
The collector of one NPN triode Q3, other end connection Vin；One end connection Vin of 5th resistance R5, the other end connect the first NPN
The base stage of triode Q3；One end of first capacitance C1 connects the base stage of the first NPN triode Q3, other end connection input ground；The
The cathode of two diode Z2 connects the base stage of the first NPN triode Q3, anode connection input ground；The hair of first NPN triode Q3
Emitter-base bandgap grading connects output voltage Vo of the collector of the first PNP triode Q1 as the start-up circuit.
The course of work of the present invention is described as follows with reference to Fig. 6：
Feature 1 is worked normally for electric installation, when input voltage judges the minimum value of voltage range less than control circuit, is started
The output voltage of circuit is with input voltage almost without pressure difference：
When input voltage is relatively low due to being not up to the voltage value of zener diode Z1, it is equivalent to cut-off state；Flow through electricity
The electric current very little of R3 is hindered, zener diode Z1 cathode voltages follow input voltage, the base stage and emitter of PNP triode Q2 substantially
Between pressure difference very little, triode Q2 cut-offs, the collector of Q2 pulls down by resistance R1；The output signal Vg of control circuit is low electricity
It is flat so that the backward voltage between the base stage and emitter of PNP triode Q1 is larger, PNP triode Q1 saturation conductions, by voltage
Limiting circuit short circuit, start-up circuit output voltage Vo follow input Vin, and pressure difference is PNP triode Q1 saturation conduction pressure differences, almost
Without pressure difference.
Feature 2 for electric installation work normally, input voltage when control circuit is judged in voltage range, start-up circuit it is defeated
The pressure difference for going out voltage and input voltage slowly increases with the increase of input voltage：
When input voltage gradually rises, gradually the voltage value more than zener diode Z1, zener diode start Zener and hit
It wears；The electric current for flowing through resistance R3 gradually increases, and voltage-stabiliser tube Z1 cathode voltages are basicly stable, the base stage of PNP triode Q2 and transmitting
Pressure difference gradually increases between pole, and triode Q2 enters amplification region, flows through Q2 collector currents and input voltage is followed to rise gradually increasing
Greatly, Q2 collector voltages follow resistance R1 voltages gradually to increase；The output signal Vg of control circuit gradually increases so that PNP tri-
Backward voltage between the base stage and emitter of pole pipe Q1 is gradually reduced, and PNP triode Q1 enters amplification region, between Vin and Vo
Electric current is provided jointly by PNP triode Q1 with voltage limiting circuit；During Vin slowly rises, when input voltage is not up to
The voltage value of zener diode Z2, the cathode of zener diode Z2 follow input voltage, and output voltage Vo is by voltage limiting circuit
It is codetermined with PNP triode Q1, the pressure difference between Vo and Vin follows PNP triode Q1 to enter amplification region and slowly increase.
Feature 3 is worked normally for electric installation, when input voltage judges the maximum value of voltage range more than control circuit, is started
The output voltage stabilization of circuit is unrelated with the variation of input voltage in a voltage value：
When input voltage judges voltage range more than control circuit, NPN triode Q3 collector voltages continue to increase, stream
The electric current for crossing resistance R3 continues to increase, and pressure difference enters saturation conduction section (PN junction between the base stage and emitter of PNP triode Q2
Pressure difference), triode Q2 saturation conductions, the collector of Q2 follows input voltage vin and pressure difference very little；The output signal of control circuit
Vg is approximately equal to input voltage vin so that the pressure difference between the base stage and emitter of PNP triode Q1 is approximately 0, PNP, tri- poles
Pipe Q1 cut-off shutdowns；Electric current is directly provided by voltage limiting circuit between Vin and Vo；When input voltage is more than zener diode Z2
Voltage value, zener diode starts Zener breakdown, and the electric current for flowing through resistance R5 gradually increases, and voltage-stabiliser tube Z2 cathode voltages are basic
Stablize in its voltage value, start-up circuit output voltage Vo is directly determined by the stabilizing voltage characteristic of voltage limiting circuit, and will output electricity
Pressure is basically stable at the voltage stabilizing value of zener diode Z2.
3rd embodiment
Unlike second embodiment, the voltage stabilizing clamp circuit can be one have input voltage clamper is arrived
Three-terminal voltage-stabilizing IC 7805 can be selected in second chip IC 2 of fixed voltage value output, the second chip IC 2.Second chip
The input terminal connection input voltage vin of IC2, the ground terminal ground connection of the second chip IC 1, the output terminal connection the of the first chip IC 2
Output voltage Vo of the collector of one PNP triode Q1 as the start-up circuit.
Include first resistor R1, second resistance R2,3rd resistor R3, the first diode Z1, the described in first embodiment
The control circuit and voltage limiting circuit of two PNP triodes Q2, IC1, if can realize sampled input voltage be low pressure, Vg with
The input voltage vin pressure difference be more than the first PNP triode saturation conduction voltage, input voltage be high pressure when, Vg with it is described
Input voltage vin pressure difference is 0, can substitute the partial circuit with the decision circuitry of other forms；First described in first embodiment
Chip IC 1SCM9603A, as long as the second chip 7805 in voltage limiting circuit and 3rd embodiment described in second embodiment
It can realize and the voltage limitation clamper of wide input range is met into rear class booster circuit working range in a voltage value or one
Voltage range, can directly be substituted with regulator circuit with wide input voltage Voltage stabilizing module or other kinds of voltage stabilizing IC, also may be used
To realize identical function.
It the above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that above-mentioned preferred embodiment is not construed as this
The limitation of invention, on the basis of Fig. 3 functional block diagrams of the present invention and Fig. 1 application block diagrams, for the ordinary skill of the art
For personnel, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, alternatively improved and retouching can also be made, these are improved and profit
Decorations are no longer repeated, protection scope of the present invention should be with claim institute also in protection scope of the present invention with embodiment here
Subject to the range of restriction.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of start-up circuit of ultralow input voltage, it is characterised in that：Including the first PNP triode, control circuit and voltage
Limiting circuit；
The input terminal connection input voltage vin of the control circuit, control is generated after voltage sample is carried out to input voltage vin
Voltage Vg, the control voltage Vg are exported to the base stage of first PNP triode, and the emitter of the first PNP triode connects
Input voltage vin, the collector of the first PNP triode are connected to late-class circuit as the output terminal of start-up circuit, are rear class electricity
Road powers；The input terminal and output terminal of voltage limiting circuit are connected to the emitter and collector of the first PNP triode；
The voltage limiting circuit is the voltage limitation for exporting the regulator circuit of fixed voltage value or exporting fixed voltage range
Circuit；During steady operation, voltage limiting circuit output voltage meets late-class circuit normal work for a fixed voltage or one
Fixed voltage range；
The control circuit, which is equipped with, judges voltage range, when the input voltage vin judges voltage zone less than control circuit
Between minimum value when, control voltage Vg and the input voltage vin pressure difference of control circuit output are more than the first PNP tri-
The saturation conduction voltage of pole pipe, first PNP triode enters saturation region conducting, and the voltage limiting circuit is short
Road is powered by the current collection extremely late-class circuit of the first PNP triode；
When the input voltage vin is when control circuit is judged in voltage range, the control of control circuit output is electric
Pressure Vg is gradually reduced with the input voltage vin pressure difference, and first PNP triode enters amplification region, while the electricity
Pressure limiting circuit is gradually turned on, and is jointly rear class electricity by the collector of the first PNP triode and the output terminal of voltage limiting circuit
Road powers；
When the input voltage vin judges the maximum value of voltage range more than control circuit, control circuit output
Control voltage Vg and the input voltage vin without pressure difference, first PNP triode enters to be turned off by area, by described
Voltage limiting circuit output terminal be late-class circuit power supply.
2. a kind of start-up circuit of ultralow input voltage according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：When the input electricity
Vin voltages is pressed the input voltage of the first PNP triode to be allowed to control voltage Vg and the startup from small toward big excessive process
The input voltage vin pressure difference of circuit is gradually reduced；Also the input voltage and the start-up circuit for allowing the first PNP triode input
Voltage Vin pressure differences from the saturation conduction voltage jump more than the first PNP triode be no pressure difference；
When the control voltage Vg is from low potential to the excessive process of high potential, allow the first PNP triode from saturation conduction
Area enters amplification region, then progresses into cut-off region；Also allow the first PNP triode from the direct saltus step of saturation conduction state to end
State；
When the process that the first PNP triode working condition changes, allow that there are the voltage limiting circuits and the first PNP
The section that triode simultaneously turns on also allows the situation for only existing the first PNP triode or voltage limiting circuit is independently connected.
3. a kind of start-up circuit of ultralow input voltage according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The voltage limitation
Circuit includes the 4th resistance, the 5th resistance, the first capacitance, the first NPN triode, the second diode；4th resistance one
Terminate the collector of the first NPN triode, the 4th resistance other end connection input voltage vin；One end connection of 5th resistance is defeated
Enter voltage Vin, the 5th resistance other end connects the base stage of the first NPN triode；One end of first capacitance connects tri- poles of the first NPN
The base stage of pipe, the other end connection ground of the first capacitance；The base stage of cathode the first NPN triode of connection of second diode, second
The anode connection ground of diode；Output terminal of the emitter of first NPN triode as the voltage limiting circuit, connection first
The collector of PNP triode.
4. a kind of start-up circuit of ultralow input voltage according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Second diode is steady
Pressure pipe.
5. a kind of start-up circuit of ultralow input voltage according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The voltage limitation
Circuit includes the first chip, and first chip has the work(that input voltage vin is converted to stable voltage range output
Energy；The input terminal connection input voltage vin of first chip, the ground terminal ground connection of the first chip, the output of the first chip
The collector of the first PNP triode of end connection.
6. a kind of start-up circuit of ultralow input voltage according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The voltage limitation
Circuit includes the second chip, and second chip has the function of input voltage vin being converted to fixed output voltage；It is described
The input terminal connection input voltage vin of second chip, the ground terminal ground connection of the second chip, the output terminal connection first of the second chip
Output terminal of the collector of PNP triode as the start-up circuit.
7. a kind of start-up circuit of ultralow input voltage according to claim 1 to 6 any one, it is characterised in that：Institute
The ground of the start-up circuit of ultralow input voltage is stated with external powering device, late-class circuit altogether.
8. a kind of start-up circuit of ultralow input voltage according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：The control circuit
Including first resistor, second resistance, 3rd resistor, the first diode, the second PNP triode；The 3rd resistor is connected to
Between the cathode of input voltage vin and the first diode；The plus earth of first diode；One end of second resistance is connected to
The tie point of the cathode of three resistance and the first diode, the other end of second resistance are connect with the base stage of the second PNP triode；The
The emitter connection input voltage vin of two PNP triodes, one end of the collector connection first resistor of the second PNP triode is simultaneously
Output terminal output control voltage Vg as control circuit；The other end ground connection of first resistor.
9. a kind of start-up circuit of ultralow input voltage according to claim 8, it is characterised in that：First diode is steady
Pressure pipe.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810161362.7A CN108233693A (en) | 2018-02-26 | 2018-02-26 | A kind of start-up circuit of ultralow input voltage |
| PCT/CN2018/125382 WO2019161709A1 (en) | 2018-02-26 | 2018-12-29 | Starting circuit with ultralow input voltage |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810161362.7A CN108233693A (en) | 2018-02-26 | 2018-02-26 | A kind of start-up circuit of ultralow input voltage |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108233693A true CN108233693A (en) | 2018-06-29 |
Family
ID=62662162
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810161362.7A Pending CN108233693A (en) | 2018-02-26 | 2018-02-26 | A kind of start-up circuit of ultralow input voltage |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN108233693A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2019161709A1 (en) |
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| CN109861514A (en) * | 2018-11-13 | 2019-06-07 | 广州金升阳科技有限公司 | A kind of starting control method and circuit |
| WO2019161709A1 (en) * | 2018-02-26 | 2019-08-29 | 广州金升阳科技有限公司 | Starting circuit with ultralow input voltage |
| WO2019161710A1 (en) * | 2018-02-26 | 2019-08-29 | 广州金升阳科技有限公司 | Startup circuit |
| WO2019161711A1 (en) * | 2018-02-26 | 2019-08-29 | 广州金升阳科技有限公司 | Starting circuit with low conduction voltage drop |
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| WO2019161709A1 (en) * | 2018-02-26 | 2019-08-29 | 广州金升阳科技有限公司 | Starting circuit with ultralow input voltage |
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| CN109861514A (en) * | 2018-11-13 | 2019-06-07 | 广州金升阳科技有限公司 | A kind of starting control method and circuit |
| CN111555397A (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2020-08-18 | 广东博力威科技股份有限公司 | Control circuit for turning off discharge output during lithium battery charging |
| CN111555397B (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2024-06-04 | 广东博力威科技股份有限公司 | Control circuit for turning off discharge output during charging of lithium battery |
| CN112564471A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-03-26 | 国创新能源汽车智慧能源装备创新中心(江苏)有限公司 | Working sequence control circuit in two-stage conversion circuit and method thereof |
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| WO2019161709A1 (en) | 2019-08-29 |
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Application publication date: 20180629 |