CN207995098U - A kind of QKD system based on the adjustable polarization rotator of silicon substrate - Google Patents
A kind of QKD system based on the adjustable polarization rotator of silicon substrate Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of QKD system based on the adjustable polarization rotator of silicon substrate, transmitting terminal includes sequentially connected continuous light laser, intensity modulator, first adjustable polarization rotator and optical attenuator, receiving terminal includes the second adjustable polarization rotator, three-dB coupler, TE polarization grating couplers, TM polarization grating couplers, two-way single-photon detector, second adjustable polarization rotator connects three-dB coupler, the output end of three-dB coupler divides two-way, TE polarization grating couplers are connected all the way, another way connects TM polarization grating couplers, intensity modulator and the first adjustable polarization rotator, second adjustable polarization rotator is produced on using silicon integreted phontonics technology on the same soi chip.The part of devices of the utility model is designed using silicon-based optical waveguide device and is integrated in on a piece of silicon based photon chip, system has many advantages, such as that at low cost, small, integrated level is high, stability is good, and realize the polarization coding/decoding of QKD system, with simple system, coding/decoding speed height, high reliability.
Description
Technical field
It is the present invention relates to optical transport safety communication technology field, more particularly to a kind of based on the adjustable polarization rotator of silicon substrate
QKD system.
Background technology
Quantum information technology originates from the eighties in last century, is broadly divided into quantum communications and the big research side of quantum calculation two
To.With being constantly progressive for science and technology, based on the encryption technology of classical information due to the limitation of its bottom basic principle, deposit
In intrinsic security risk.Quantum secret communication has unconditional peace physically because of quantum-mechanical philosophy
Quan Xing.Therefore, the application of quantum key distribution technology (Quantum Key Distribution, QKD) is more and more extensive.QKD
The common coding mode of system mainly has polarization encoder and phase code.The quantum key dispatching system of polarization characteristic based on light
(QKD) it is currently to be in daily use and in the quantum cryptography system for continuously improving innovation.
4 kinds of polarization states of the common polarization encoder of BB84 agreements are Wherein, right angle basic vector | two states under H/V ＞ are mutually orthogonal, diagonally opposing corner basic vector | and two under +/- ＞
A state is also mutually orthogonal, and the quantum state between two basic vectors is non-orthogonal.A kind of specific object of the Polarization Modulation QKD system of classics
Reason is realized as shown in Figure 1.System includes transmitting terminal Alice, receiving terminal Bob and fiber channel between the two, by single-photon source,
Polarization Controller, polarization beam apparatus, three-dB coupler, single-photon detector composition.In transmitting terminal, 2 groups of bases needed for BB84 agreements
Each state is generated using an independent single-photon source by Polarization Controller in 4 polarization states of arrow, and passes through polarization beam splitting
Device, three-dB coupler etc. are coupled in same optical fiber all the way, later throughput subchannel transmission to receiving terminal.Receiving terminal passes through beam splitting
Device is divided into two-way, per being adjusted to all the way by a Polarization Controller by basic vector is measured | H/V ＞ basic vectors and | +/- ＞ basic vectors, then pass through
It crosses polarization beam apparatus and carries out polarization analysis, detected on single-photon detector later.
The QKD system of this polarization characteristic based on light is built by the optical component of traditional discrete, system complex,
Its transmitting terminal Alice needs 4 or 8 single-photon sources, receiving terminal Bob to need 4 single-photon detectors.Single-photon source and list
Photon detector is the higher part of cost in QKD system, therefore the QKD system based on polarization encoder has that volume is big, cost
High, the shortcomings of system stability is insufficient.
Invention content
It is a kind of based on the polarization encoder QKD system of silicon substrate integrated chip and coding method present invention aims at providing, with
QKD system volume caused by single-photon source and single-photon detector number of applications are more for solving existing polarization encoder is big, at
The insufficient technical bug of this height, system stability.
The technical proposal of the invention is realized in this way：
A kind of QKD system based on the adjustable polarization rotator of silicon substrate, including transmitting terminal and receiving terminal, the transmitting terminal packet
Include sequentially connected continuous light laser, intensity modulator, the first adjustable polarization rotator and optical attenuator, the receiving terminal packet
Include the second adjustable polarization rotator, three-dB coupler, TE polarization gratings coupler, TM polarization gratings coupler and respectively with TE
The two-way single-photon detector that polarization grating coupler is connected with TM polarization grating couplers, the second adjustable polarization rotator
Three-dB coupler is connected, the output end of the three-dB coupler divides two-way to be separately connected TE polarization gratings coupler and the coupling of TM gratings
Device, TE polarization gratings coupler and TM grating couplers are separately connected single-photon detector all the way, the intensity modulator and
One adjustable polarization rotator, the second adjustable polarization rotator are produced on using silicon integreted phontonics technology on the same soi chip.
Preferably, the intensity modulator is silicon substrate optical waveguide type modulator, including but not limited to MZ optical modulators, micro-loop
Optical modulator, germanium absorb one kind in optical modulator.
Preferably, the doped structure of the intensity modulator includes but not limited to the doping of pin types, the doping of reversed pn types, MOS
It is a kind of in structure doping.
Preferably, the optical attenuator is silicon substrate optical-waveguide-type optical attenuator.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following advantageous effect：
1, the QKD system based on the adjustable polarization rotator of silicon substrate of the invention rotates intensity modulator and adjustable polarization
Device is designed using silicon-based optical waveguide device and is integrated in on a piece of silicon based photon chip, and system has at low cost, small, collection
At the advantages that degree is high, stability is good, in addition, being polarized using intensity modulator, adjustable polarization rotator, three-dB coupler and TE
Grating coupler, TM polarization grating couplers, realize the polarization coding/decoding of QKD system, have simple system, coding/decoding speed
Degree height, high reliability；
2, the QKD system based on the adjustable polarization rotator of silicon substrate of the invention, transmitting terminal Alice, it is only necessary to 1 monochromatic light
Component greatly reduces cost and system complexity relative to 4 or 8 single-photon sources of traditional polarization encoder QKD system；
3, the QKD system based on the adjustable polarization rotator of silicon substrate of the invention, receiving terminal Bob is relative to traditional polarization
QKD system is encoded, 2 single-photon detectors are utilized realizes the reception of signal instead of 4 single-photon detectors, reduces and is
The cost and complexity of system.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is QKD system functional block diagram in the prior art；
Fig. 2 is that the present invention is based on the functional block diagrams of the QKD system of the adjustable polarization rotator of silicon substrate.
In figure：Transmitting terminal 100, continuous light laser 110, intensity modulator 120, the first adjustable polarization rotator 130, light
Attenuator 140, receiving terminal 200, the second adjustable polarization rotator 210, three-dB coupler 220, TE polarization gratings coupler 231, TM
Polarization grating coupler 232, single-photon detector 240.
Specific implementation mode
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention is clearly and completely described.
As shown in Fig. 2, a kind of QKD system based on the adjustable polarization rotator of silicon substrate, including transmitting terminal 100 and receiving terminal
200, the transmitting terminal 100 includes sequentially connected continuous light laser 110, the rotation of the 120, first adjustable polarization of intensity modulator
Device 130 and optical attenuator 140, the receiving terminal 200 include the second adjustable polarization rotator 210, three-dB coupler 220, TE polarizations
Grating coupler 231, TM polarization gratings coupler 232, two-way single-photon detector 240, the second adjustable polarization rotator
210 connection three-dB couplers 220, the output end of the three-dB coupler 220 divide two-way to be separately connected TE polarization gratings coupler 231
With TM polarization gratings coupler 232, TE polarization gratings coupler 231 and TM polarization gratings coupler 232 are separately connected list all the way
Photon detector 240, the intensity modulator 120 and the first adjustable polarization rotator 130, the second adjustable polarization rotator 210
It is produced on the same soi chip using silicon integreted phontonics technology.The continuous light laser 110 provides laser for QKD system
Light source generates continuous light, generally DFB types semiconductor laser.The intensity modulator 120 sends out continuous light laser 110
The continuous light gone out is modulated, and generates light pulse.The first adjustable polarization rotator 130, by the polarization for adjusting pulsed light
Direction carries out polarization encoder to single photon pulses.Pulsed light after coding is decayed to single photon magnitude by the optical attenuator 140,
And it is coupled in fiber channel.Optical attenuator 140 is also produced on using silicon integreted phontonics technology on above-mentioned soi chip.
The intensity modulator 120 is silicon substrate optical waveguide type modulator, including but not limited to MZ optical modulators, micro-loop light
Modulator, germanium absorb optical modulator.The doped structure of intensity modulator 120 includes but not limited to that pin types adulterate, reversed pn types are mixed
Miscellaneous, MOS structure doping.The first adjustable polarization rotator 130, the design of the second adjustable polarization rotator 210 and making base
In silicon substrate optical waveguide technique and semiconductor technology, it can be achieved that the dynamic of arbitrary linear polarization to arbitrary linear polarization is adjustable in waveguide
Conversion；First adjustable polarization rotator 130, the second adjustable polarization rotator 210 adjustability utilize silicon waveguide thermo-optic effect
Or electrooptic effect, the bias by changing polarization rotator change the polarization direction of light in waveguide, adjustment process is simple.Light decay
It is silicon substrate optical-waveguide-type optical attenuator to subtract device 140, and the MZ interferometers for being generally basede on silicon design and produce.
The effect of the second adjustable polarization rotator 210 is to adjust different measurement bases.The three-dB coupler 220
The photon received is divided into identical two-way.TE polarization gratings coupler 231 is by 0 ° of horizontal state of polarization in optical waveguide all the way
Optically coupling in optical fiber, and it is transmitted to a corresponding single-photon detector 240.The TM polarization gratings coupler 232 is by light wave
Lead 90 ° of horizontal state of polarization optically coupling in optical fiber, and be transmitted to another single-photon detector 240.Two-way single-photon detecting
The signal after device 240 demodulates decoder is surveyed to detect.
According to QKD system structural principle of the aforementioned present invention based on the adjustable polarization rotator of silicon substrate, it is specific to provide one
Coding and decoding example：
Specific cataloged procedure example：According to 4 polarization states in BB84 agreements, using single photon：Horizontal state of polarization
0 °, 90 ° of perpendicular polarisation state ,+45 ° of polarization states, -45 ° of polarization states, wherein 0 °, 90 ° are one group of mutually orthogonal two quantum state,
One group of horizontal vertical base is constituted, basic vector 0 is set as；± 45 ° are another group of mutually orthogonal quantum state, constitute diagonally opposing corner base basic vector
1.At transmitting terminal (Alice), light pulse is modulated to respectively using adjustable polarization rotator, 0 ° of horizontal state of polarization, it is vertical inclined
90 ° of polarization state ,+45 ° of polarization states, -45 ° of polarization states；When transmission Alice according to random data come in corresponding polarization state set
Middle random selection one state is prepared and is sent, and polarization encoder example is as shown in table 1.
1 polarization encoder example of table
Polarization decoding is the inverse process of polarization encoder, specific to polarize decoding process example：By the second adjustable polarization rotation
Device is set as 0 ° of rotation, if signal light is the light of 0 ° of horizontal state of polarization, signal light is coupled to by TE polarization grating couplers
Single-photon detector 1 carries out optical detection, and single-photon detector 2 is detected less than light；If signal light is the light of 90 ° of horizontal state of polarization,
Then signal light is coupled to the progress optical detection of single-photon detector 2 by TM polarization grating couplers, and single-photon detector 1 detects not
To light；If signal light is the light of+45 ° of polarization states or -45 ° of polarization states, 2 equal energy of single-photon detector 1 and single-photon detector
Detect light.It sets the second adjustable polarization rotator to -45 ° of rotation, if signal light is the light of+45 ° of horizontal state of polarization, believes
Number light is coupled to single-photon detector 1 by TE polarization grating couplers and carries out optical detection, the detection of single-photon detector 2 less than
Light；If signal light is the light of -45 ° of horizontal state of polarization, signal light is coupled to single photon detection by TM polarization grating couplers
Device 2 carries out optical detection, and single-photon detector 1 is detected less than light；It is single if signal light is the light of 0 ° of polarization state or 90 ° of polarization states
Photon detector 1 and single-photon detector 2 can detect light.Can set the second adjustable polarization rotator to rotation 0 ° and
90 °, regard the measurement basic vector of horizontal vertical base and diagonally opposing corner base as respectively.Decoding process is polarized as shown in Fig. 2, table 2.
Table 2 polarizes decoding example
The system structure of the comprehensive present invention with principle it is found that the invention has the advantages that：
1, the QKD system based on the adjustable polarization rotator of silicon substrate of the invention rotates intensity modulator and adjustable polarization
Device is designed using silicon-based optical waveguide device and is integrated in on a piece of silicon based photon chip, and system has at low cost, small, collection
At the advantages that degree is high, stability is good, in addition, being polarized using intensity modulator, adjustable polarization rotator, three-dB coupler and TE
Grating coupler, TM polarization grating couplers, realize the polarization coding/decoding of QKD system, have simple system, coding/decoding speed
Degree height, high reliability；
2, the QKD system based on the adjustable polarization rotator of silicon substrate of the invention, transmitting terminal Alice, it is only necessary to 1 monochromatic light
Component greatly reduces cost and system complexity relative to 4 or 8 single-photon sources of traditional polarization encoder QKD system；
3, the QKD system based on the adjustable polarization rotator of silicon substrate of the invention, receiving terminal Bob is relative to traditional polarization
QKD system is encoded, 2 single-photon detectors are utilized realizes the reception of signal instead of 4 single-photon detectors, reduces and is
The cost and complexity of system.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of QKD system based on the adjustable polarization rotator of silicon substrate, including transmitting terminal and receiving terminal, which is characterized in that institute
It includes sequentially connected continuous light laser, intensity modulator, the first adjustable polarization rotator and optical attenuator, institute to state transmitting terminal
It includes the second adjustable polarization rotator, three-dB coupler, TE polarization gratings coupler, TM polarization gratings coupler, two to state receiving terminal
Road single-photon detector, the second adjustable polarization rotator connect three-dB coupler, and the output end of the three-dB coupler is divided to two
Road connects TE polarization grating couplers all the way, and another way connects TM polarization grating couplers, and TE polarization gratings coupler and TM are inclined
The coupler that shakes is separately connected single-photon detector all the way, the intensity modulator and the first adjustable polarization rotator, second adjustable
Polarization rotator is produced on using silicon integreted phontonics technology on the same soi chip.
2. the QKD system as described in claim 1 based on the adjustable polarization rotator of silicon substrate, which is characterized in that the intensity tune
Device processed is silicon substrate optical waveguide type modulator, and including but not limited to MZ optical modulators, micro-loop optical modulator, germanium absorb in optical modulator
One kind.
3. the QKD system as claimed in claim 2 based on the adjustable polarization rotator of silicon substrate, which is characterized in that the intensity tune
The doped structure of device processed includes but not limited to a kind of in the doping of pin types, the doping of reversed pn types, MOS structure doping.
4. the QKD system as described in claim 1 based on the adjustable polarization rotator of silicon substrate, which is characterized in that the optical attenuation
Device is silicon substrate optical-waveguide-type optical attenuator.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109870771A (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2019-06-11 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | A kind of device generating two-dimensional quadrature polarized light source |
| CN110166233A (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2019-08-23 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | A kind of on piece encoder |
| CN110266397A (en) * | 2019-06-04 | 2019-09-20 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | It is a kind of for polarizing the on piece decoder and coding/decoding method of BB84 agreement |
| CN110988646A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-04-10 | 武汉邮电科学研究院有限公司 | Silicon-based photoelectronic chip wafer-level online testing device based on grating coupling |
| CN112737775A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-04-30 | 武汉邮电科学研究院有限公司 | Transmitting end chip and method for discrete variable quantum key distribution |
| CN113644983A (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2021-11-12 | 北京大学 | Light emission chip for distributing polarization coding quantum key |
| CN117503079A (en) * | 2023-11-21 | 2024-02-06 | 云康健智国际生态科技发展(北京)有限公司 | Blood sugar monitoring silicon optical chip |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109870771A (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2019-06-11 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | A kind of device generating two-dimensional quadrature polarized light source |
| CN110166233A (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2019-08-23 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | A kind of on piece encoder |
| CN110166233B (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2020-08-04 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | On-chip encoder |
| CN110266397A (en) * | 2019-06-04 | 2019-09-20 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | It is a kind of for polarizing the on piece decoder and coding/decoding method of BB84 agreement |
| CN110266397B (en) * | 2019-06-04 | 2020-11-10 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | On-chip decoder and decoding method for polarization BB84 protocol |
| CN110988646A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-04-10 | 武汉邮电科学研究院有限公司 | Silicon-based photoelectronic chip wafer-level online testing device based on grating coupling |
| CN110988646B (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2022-03-01 | 武汉邮电科学研究院有限公司 | Silicon-based photoelectronic chip wafer-level online testing device based on grating coupling |
| CN112737775A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-04-30 | 武汉邮电科学研究院有限公司 | Transmitting end chip and method for discrete variable quantum key distribution |
| CN113644983A (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2021-11-12 | 北京大学 | Light emission chip for distributing polarization coding quantum key |
| CN117503079A (en) * | 2023-11-21 | 2024-02-06 | 云康健智国际生态科技发展(北京)有限公司 | Blood sugar monitoring silicon optical chip |
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