Dual-polarized antenna array and dual polarization phased array antenna
Technical field
The utility model is related to field of antenna more particularly to a kind of dual-polarized antenna array and dual polarization phased array antenna.
Background technology
With the development of polarization radar theory and technology, polarization has become modern fine, high-dimensional and intelligent thunder
Up to indispensable technological means.Dual polarization phased-array radar with accurate polarization measurement ability is the following multi-functional phased array
The important trend of radar has broad application prospects in the fields such as meteorological observation and air-defense anti-missile.Target polarization information
The precision of acquisition is to influence one of the key factor of polarization applications technical performance, and accurate polarization measurement is to radar system design and letter
Number treatment technology proposes very harsh requirement.The polarization characteristic of dual polarization Phased Array Radar Antenna will be right in data source header
Phased-array radar polarization information is obtained to be had an impact with the links of application.
Polarization describes the vector motion feature of electromagnetic wave, is that electromagnetic wave is another important in addition to amplitude, frequency, phase
Essential attribute.The polarization information of target can more completely reflect and disclose the electromagnetic scattering mechanism of target, to improve radar essence
Refinement, high-dimensional and Intelligentized Information ability provide effective theoretical and technical foundation.
In order to reduce the mutual interference under dual polarization working method, double polarized micro strip antenna need to have higher cross polarization every
From degree, the cross polarization isolation in currently available technology is 20dB or so.It is designed using labyrinths such as multilayered structures, it can be with
Higher polarization isolation is obtained, 20 ~ 30dB can be reached, antenna design mostly uses the way such as balanced feeding, Multi-layer design
Diameter inhibits cross polarization, and the cross polarization isolation that these schemes obtain is limited or structure is more complicated.
For the dual-polarized array that tradition is collectively aligned, by the non-ideal factor of actual array antenna(Such as impedance
Mismatch, mismachining tolerance etc.)The cross polar component of generation is difficult to avoid that the mutual coupling between not same polarization feeding network also will produce friendship
Polarization components are pitched, when these factors are in leading position, the cross polarization of array can be made to become very serious.
Utility model content
First purpose of the utility model is to provide a kind of dual-polarized antenna array of high polarization isolation.
Second purpose of the utility model is to provide a kind of dual polarization phased array antenna of high polarization isolation.
In order to realize that first purpose of the utility model, the utility model provide a kind of dual-polarized antenna array, feature
It is, including two Anneta modules, two Anneta modules extend along extending direction and are arranged, and two Anneta modules are along arranged direction
It is arranged, extends perpendicularly to arranged direction, rotation center is provided between two Anneta modules;
Anneta module includes:
Polarize feeder assembly, and polarization feeder assembly includes the first polarization feeder line and the second polarization feeder line, the first polarization feeder line
It is positioned close on the position of rotation center, the second polarization feeder line is disposed relative to the first polarization feeder line far from rotation center
On position, the first polarization feeder line and the second polarization feeder line are arranged at based on the same side for being located at rotation center in arranged direction
On;
Couple gap component, coupling gap component include it is multiple first coupling gaps and it is multiple second coupling gap, first
Gap is coupled perpendicular to the second coupling gap, multiple first couplings gap is arranged along extending direction and is located at the first polarization feeder line
Upper layer, multiple second couplings gap are arranged along extending direction and are located at the upper layer of the second polarization feeder line;
Multiple radiation patch, multiple radiation patch arrange that radiation patch is located at the upper of coupling gap component along extending direction
Layer, a radiation patch are covered in the top in one first coupling gap and one second coupling gap;
Two Anneta modules are arranged around rotation center in 180 degree rotational symmetry.
By said program as it can be seen that the mode that the utility model is arranged by using rotational symmetry so that produced in adjacent linear array
Raw influence is reverse phase, so that the cross polar component that non-ideal factor generates is cancelled out each other, while identical polarization phase
The feeding network of adjacent line battle array is put together, and also reduces the mutual coupling between not same polarization feeding network to a certain extent, most
The array antenna polarization isolation obtained eventually can reach 30dB or more.
Further scheme is that Anneta module is provided with arrangement center line, and arrangement center line is arranged simultaneously along arranged direction
By rotation center;Multiple radiation patch are to arrange that center line is axisymmetricly arranged, and multiple first couplings gap is to arrange center
Line is axisymmetricly arranged, and multiple second couplings gap is to arrange that center line is axisymmetricly arranged.
Further scheme is, Anneta module further includes the first radio-frequency joint pad and the second radio-frequency joint pad, the
The same layer that one radio-frequency joint pad, the second radio-frequency joint pad and polarization feeder assembly are respectively positioned on;First radio-frequency joint pad
Offset arrangement center line is arranged;The setting of second radio-frequency joint pad is on arrangement center line.
Further scheme is, the periphery of the first radio-frequency joint pad is provided with multiple first metallization VIAs, first
Metal layer where the first coupling of metallization VIA connection gap;The periphery of second radio-frequency joint pad is provided with multiple second gold medals
Categoryization via, the metal layer where the second coupling of the second metallization VIA connection gap.
Further scheme is that the respective first radio-frequency joint pad of two Anneta modules is connected, arranged side by side
Multiple first metallization VIAs are located between two the first radio-frequency joint pads.
Further scheme is that the first coupling gap and the second coupling gap are collinearly arranged along arranged direction.
Further scheme is that the first polarization feeder line and the second polarization feeder line are in that folding line is arranged.
Further scheme is to be provided with multiple first impedance transformers on the first polarization feeder line;Second polarization feeder line
On be provided with multiple second impedance transformers.
Further scheme is to be provided with first medium layer between polarization feeder assembly and coupling gap component,
It is provided with second dielectric layer between radiation patch and coupling gap component.
Therefore each polarized feeder line is to pass through below the center line in coupling gap, and utilize each portion
The symmetrical setting in position, it is symmetrical to be achieved single radiating element surface current, further reduces not same polarization transmission network
Mutual coupling between network.
In order to realize second purpose of the utility model, the utility model provides a kind of dual polarization phased array antenna, special
Sign is, including multiple dual-polarized antenna arrays, the dual-polarized antenna array of dual-polarized antenna array using the above scheme, multiple
Dual-polarized antenna array is arranged along arranged direction.
Therefore the mode arranged by using the rotational symmetry of adjacent 1*N dual polarizations linear array so that adjacent bipolar
It is reverse phase to change the influence generated in linear array, so that the cross polar component that non-ideal factor generates is cancelled out each other, simultaneously
The feeder line of adjacent linear array same pole is put together, and also reduces the mutual coupling shadow between not same polarization feeding network to a certain extent
It rings, finally obtained array antenna polarization isolation can reach 30dB or more.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure chart of the utility model dual polarization phased array antenna embodiment.
Fig. 2 is the local structural graph of dual-polarized antenna array in the utility model antenna array embodiment.
Fig. 3 is the layering schematic diagram of the utility model dual polarization phased array antenna embodiment.
Antenna pattern when Fig. 4 is the utility model horizontal polarization input terminal input signal.
Antenna pattern when Fig. 5 is the utility model vertical polarization input terminal input signal.
The utility model is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Specific implementation mode
Referring to Fig.1, aerial array includes multiple dual-polarized antenna arrays 1, and multiple dual-polarized antenna arrays 1 are along arranged direction
Y is arranged side by side.With reference to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the dual-polarized antenna array of one of them 1 is illustrated below, dual-polarized antenna array
1 is arranged in multilayer microstrip structure, about 1/2 wavelength of horizontal and vertical spacing of radiation patch in array, with X-wave band autenna example,
Level interval about 1.7cm, with horizontal N number of array element group 1*N members fixed beam dual polarization linear array, i.e. an Anneta module in a row,
Dual-polarized antenna array 1 is disposed with radiation patch 11, second dielectric layer 22, coupling gap component, first from top to down
Dielectric layer 21, polarization feeder assembly and radio-frequency joint pad.
Dual-polarized antenna array 1 includes two Anneta modules, and two Anneta modules extend along extending direction X and are arranged, and two
A Anneta module is arranged along arranged direction Y, and extending direction X is provided between arranged direction Y, two Anneta modules
Rotation center Z, rotation center Z are virtual center.
Each Anneta module includes radiation patch 11, coupling gap component, polarization feeder assembly and bottom circuit, polarization feedback
Line component includes the first polarization polarization feeder line 131 of feeder line 133 and second, and the first polarization feeder line 133 is vertical in the present embodiment
Polarize feeder line, and the second polarization feeder line 131 is horizontal polarization feeder line, and the first polarization feeder line 133 is positioned close to the position of rotation center Z
It sets, the second polarization feeder line 131 is disposed relative on the first position of the polarization feeder line 133 far from rotation center Z, the first polarization
Feeder line 133 and second polarize feeder line 131 be arranged at based on arranged direction Y be located at rotation center Z the same side on, the first pole
It is in that folding line setting then forms multiple bending parts, and the first polarization feeder line 133 to change the polarization of feeder line 133 and second feeder line 131
On be provided with multiple first impedance transformers 132, be provided with multiple second impedance transformers on the second polarization feeder line 131.
Coupling gap component includes multiple first coupling gaps 121 and multiple second couplings gap 122, and coupling gap is same
What the metal layer of layer opened up hollows out gap, and coupling gap can be arranged hour-glass in shapely, also can be in the gap setting of other shapes, the
Perpendicular to the second coupling gap 122, the first coupling gap 121 is that vertical polarization couples gap, the second coupling in one coupling gap 121
Gap 122 is that horizontal polarization couples gap, and multiple first couplings gap 121 is arranged along extending direction X and is located at the first polarization feedback
The upper layer of line 133, multiple second couplings gap 122 are arranged along extending direction X and are located at the upper layer of the second polarization feeder line 131.
Multiple radiation patch 11 arrange that radiation patch 11 is located at the upper layer of coupling gap component, a spoke along extending direction X
Penetrate the top that patch 11 is covered in one first coupling gap 121 and one second coupling gap 122, radiation patch 11, first
Coupling gap 121 and second couples gap 122 and is collinearly arranged along arranged direction Y.
Anneta module is provided with arrangement center line, and arrangement center line is arranged along arranged direction Y and passes through rotation center Z, more
A radiation patch 11 is to arrange that center line is axisymmetricly arranged, and multiple first couplings gap 121 is to arrange center line axisymmetricly
Setting, multiple second couplings gap 122 is to arrange that center line is axisymmetricly arranged.
Anneta module further includes the first radio-frequency joint pad 151 and the second radio-frequency joint pad 141, the weldering of the first radio-frequency joint
For connecting SMP radio-frequency joints, the first radio-frequency joint pad 151, the second radio frequency connect for disk 151 and the second radio-frequency joint pad 141
Head pad 141 and polarization feeder assembly are respectively positioned on same layer, the setting of 151 offset arrangement center line of the first radio-frequency joint pad,
For the setting of second radio-frequency joint pad 141 on arrangement center line, the periphery of the first radio-frequency joint pad 151 is provided with multiple first
Metallization VIA 152, the first metallization VIA 152 are connected between the metal layer and bottom circuit in the first coupling gap 121, the
The periphery of two radio-frequency joint pads 141 is provided with multiple second metallization VIAs 142, the second metallization VIA 142 connection second
Couple the metal layer in gap 122.
Per a line dual polarization linear array antenna by containing phase shifter and declining by the way that two SMP radio-frequency joints and the antenna back side are a set of
The Transmit-Receive Unit for subtracting device is connected.For each Transmit-Receive Unit there are two channel, a channel corresponds to vertical polarization, another is logical
Road corresponds to horizontal polarization.
The respective first radio-frequency joint pad of two Anneta modules 151 is connected, multiple first metallization arranged side by side
Via 152 is located between two the first radio-frequency joint pads 151, the respective second radio-frequency joint pad of two Anneta modules 141
Relatively, multiple second metallization VIAs 142 arranged side by side are located between two the second radio-frequency joint pads 141.
Two Anneta modules are arranged around rotation center Z in 180 degree rotational symmetry, then form structure as shown in Figure 2, day
Feeder line structure, gap, pad and radiation patch in wire module are in that 180 degree rotational symmetry is arranged.
When Antenna Operation, when system transmits vertical/horizontal polarized signal, the radiofrequency signal of Transmit-Receive Unit passes through SMP radio frequencies
Connector is transferred to vertical/horizontal poliarizing antenna entrance, and signal is fed each radiation singly from center to both sides along microstrip feed line
Member.
Reaching the part electromagnetic energy below electromagnetic coupling gap by microstrip feed line will will be transmitted by coupling gap
Upper layer radiation patch is given, the resonance that the energy in radiation patch will excite electric current on microband paste is coupled to, thus by electromagnetic energy
It goes out to space radiation.
Per the feed of a line microstrip patch antenna array by way of from center to both sides serial feed, each two micro-strip
The electrical length of microstrip feed line between patch radiating element is the integral multiple of a wavelength or a wavelength.
In addition, in order to reduce the secondary lobe of antenna pattern, the energy that each radiating element gives off is according to certain weighting
Distribution, is distributed according to Taylor's amplitude weighting in this example, and the weights of each radiation patch pass through the physical size to microband paste
It is controlled with the physical size in coupling gap.
After introducing 180 ° of reverse phase excitations using rotational symmetry arrangement and adjacent linear array, by non-ideal factor(Impedance is lost
Match, mismachining tolerance etc.)The cross polar component of introducing is 180 ° of reverse phases, these cross polar components are eventually cancelled out each other.
Specifically, since the cross polar component introduced in the mismachining tolerance of structure is since the 180 ° of reverse phases introduced in structure make it
It cancels out each other, since the cross polar component that the relevant factor of the circuits such as impedance mismatching introduces is supported by 180 ° of reverse phase excitations
Disappear.
As it can be seen that the adjacent 1*N dual polarizations linear array of antenna in such a way that rotational symmetry arranges, i.e., such as Fig. 1 is the arrangement of N=32
Mode, adjacent 1*N dual polarizations linear array carried out successively relative to its center 180 degree rotation arrangement.By the design of this case, realize such as
Antenna pattern when Fig. 4 horizontal polarization input terminal input signals is as a result, and realize such as Fig. 5 vertical polarization input terminals input letter
Number when antenna pattern result.This aligning method so that the influence in adjacent bipolar linear array be reverse phase, to make
It obtains the cross polar component that non-ideal factor generates to cancel out each other, while adjacent linear array same pole feeder line is put together,
Reduce the mutual coupling between not same polarization feeding network, improves cross polarization isolation to a certain extent.