CN108666768A - With the centrical adaptive radiating element of multiphase and array antenna - Google Patents
With the centrical adaptive radiating element of multiphase and array antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN108666768A CN108666768A CN201810467520.1A CN201810467520A CN108666768A CN 108666768 A CN108666768 A CN 108666768A CN 201810467520 A CN201810467520 A CN 201810467520A CN 108666768 A CN108666768 A CN 108666768A
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- radiating element
- phase
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- array
- adaptive radiating
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/2605—Array of radiating elements provided with a feedback control over the element weights, e.g. adaptive arrays
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
Abstract
The invention discloses one kind having the centrical adaptive radiating element of multiphase and array antenna, adaptive radiating element includes two rectangular metal patches of medium substrate and its lower surface metal layer and upper surface printed circuit, two rectangular metal patches are connect by ground metallization through-hole with lower surface metal layer respectively, two rectangular metal patches are connected separately with feed port, feed port is connected with phase shifter, adaptive radiating element has leggy center, and the current feed phase of each phase center is variable, change the antenna pattern of the adaptive radiating element by changing the phase relation between each phase center.Multiple adaptive radiating elements of array antenna are connected with each other, and the adjacent port of adjacent adaptive radiating element shares a phase shifter；Element pattern is directed toward to deflect automatically with array factor direction, realizes that beam of unit is scanned with the wide-angle of array scanning angular deflection and array in the case where not increasing traditional array antenna phase shifter number and feed circuit complexity.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of array antenna techniques for realizing wide-angle scanning, more particularly to one kind having leggy center
Adaptive radiating element and array antenna.
Background technology
The beam scanning range of phased array antenna is an important indicator of phased array antenna, and for traditional plane phase
Array antenna is controlled, due to the reduction of array bore projected area when wide-angle scans and the influence of unit active impedance mismatch,
Typically not greater than ± 40 ° of effective scanning angle (Mailloux R.J., Phased Array Antenna Handbook,
Artech House,1994.).The scanning angle of Planar Phased Array Antenna limits its scope of application.
Recent domestic scholar has carried out a series of research to the scanning range for expanding beam scanning arrays, wherein
A kind of thought is deflected by beam of unit to improve unit in gain at low elevation angles.
2008, Toshev A G. were delivered on the Transactions on Antennas＆Propagation of IEEE
Paper (" the Multipanel Concept for Wide- of " the multi-panel concept for the scanning of array antenna wide-angle "
Angle Scanning of Phased Array Antennas”.IEEE Transactions on Antennas&
Propagation,2008,56(10):3330-3333.).It is proposed in text by terminating driving device after each unit
Method realizes the change that beam of unit is directed toward, and ± 75 ° of beam scanning range may be implemented.But its single array element primary radiation side
To change restricted by mechanical rotation rate and inertia.
With the development of microwave pin switch, domestic and foreign scholars begin one's study the various reconfigurable antennas based on microwave switch.
2011, Ding X et al. were delivered on the Transactions on Antennas＆Propagation of IEEE " about milli
The research of metric wave array antenna wide-angle scanning " (Ding X, Wang B Z, He G Q. " Research on a
millimeter-wave phased array with wide-angle scanning performance”.IEEE
Transactions on Antennas and Propagation,2013,61(10):5319-5324.).Proposed in text by
The One-dimension Phased Array of the restructural antenna element composition of antenna pattern, there are three types of restructural radiation modes for each antenna element tool
Formula can realize half-power beam covering in ± 75 ° of scanning range.But since individual antenna unit is by three patch groups
At unit size is larger, and the spacing between array antenna unit is 1.18 λ, and corresponding secondary lobe is higher, and graing lobe occurs.Together
When, which needs additional addition control circuit to switch the different radiation modes of each antenna element.
2016, Ding X delivered " base on the Transactions on Antennas＆Propagation of IEEE
In the wide-angle scanning array of the magnetic current element of directional diagram reconstructable " (Ding X, Cheng Y F, Shao W, et al.A
Wide-Angle Scanning Planar Phased Array with Pattern Reconfigurable Magnetic
Current Element[J].IEEE Transactions on Antennas&Propagation,2016,PP(99):1-
1.).Wen Zhong combines slot antenna with the principle of yagi aerial, and the gap in radiating element includes driving item and parasitism
, electric tuning is carried out to spurious portion by switch, to realize that beam of unit is restructural.But this design based on switch is still
So inevitable complicated control circuit.
Above-mentioned document shows that the wave beam currently based on mechanical rotation radiating element deflects antenna by mechanical rotation rate
With the restriction of inertia, and to be required to complicated control circuit each to control for the beam of unit reconfigurable antenna based on microwave switch
It switches on-off, and since restructural cardinal principle is radiated using the different piece of antenna element, there are antenna rulers
Very little larger problem.
It there is no at present in the case where not increasing planar array antenna original structure complexity, i.e., do not use additional structure
It can be used for the report of the antenna cell design of wide-angle scanning.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide one kind having the centrical adaptive radiating element of multiphase and array antenna.
The purpose of the present invention is what is be achieved through the following technical solutions：
The present invention's has a centrical adaptive radiating element of multiphase, including medium substrate and its lower surface metal layer and
Upper surface printed circuit, the printed circuit include two rectangular metal patches, and described two rectangular metal patches pass through respectively
Ground metallization through-hole is connect with the lower surface metal layer, and two rectangular metal patches are connected separately with feed port, described
Feed port is connected with phase shifter；
The adaptive radiating element has leggy center, and the current feed phase of each phase center is variable, passes through change
Phase relation between each phase center changes the antenna pattern of the adaptive radiating element.
The array antenna of the present invention, the array antenna include multiple above-mentioned having the centrical adaptive radiation of multiphase singly
Member, multiple adaptive radiating elements are connected with each other, and the adjacent port of adjacent adaptive radiating element shares a phase shifter；
Changing rule and the battle array of the radiation beam of the adaptive radiating element with each phase center current feed phase difference
The scanning angle of array antenna is consistent with the changing rule of array-fed difference；
The wave beam deflection of the adaptive radiating element is by array-fed phase-difference control.
As seen from the above technical solution provided by the invention, provided in an embodiment of the present invention to have multiphase centrical
Adaptive radiating element and array antenna, element pattern is directed toward to deflect automatically with array factor direction, is not increasing tradition
Array antenna phase shifter number and feed circuit complexity in the case of realize beam of unit with array scanning angular deflection
And the wide-angle scanning of array.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is to have the centrical adaptive radiating element principle schematic of multiphase in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the array structure principle with the centrical adaptive radiating element composition of multiphase in the embodiment of the present invention
Schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is the specific embodiment of the invention with the centrical adaptive radiating element overall structure three-dimensional signal of multiphase
Figure.
Fig. 4 is the specific embodiment of the invention with the centrical adaptive radiative unit structure schematic side view of multiphase.
Fig. 5 is the specific embodiment of the invention with the centrical adaptive radiative unit structure schematic top plan view of multiphase.
Fig. 6 is the returning with the centrical adaptive corresponding dual-port of radiating element of multiphase of the specific embodiment of the invention
Wave loss figure.
Fig. 7 is the two-dimensional radiation direction with the centrical adaptive radiating element of multiphase of the specific embodiment of the invention
Figure.
Fig. 8 is the feed structure figure of the array antenna of the specific embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 9 is the array antenna wide-angle scan pattern of the specific embodiment of the invention.
Specific implementation mode
The embodiment of the present invention will be described in further detail below.What is be not described in detail in the embodiment of the present invention is interior
Appearance belongs to the prior art well known to professional and technical personnel in the field.
The present invention's has the centrical adaptive radiating element of multiphase and array antenna, preferable specific implementation mode
It is：
Include medium substrate and its lower surface metal layer and upper surface print with the centrical adaptive radiating element of multiphase
Brush circuit, the printed circuit include two rectangular metal patches, and described two rectangular metal patches pass through grounded metal respectively
Change through-hole to connect with the lower surface metal layer, two rectangular metal patches are connected separately with feed port, the feed port
It is connected with phase shifter；
The adaptive radiating element has leggy center, and the current feed phase of each phase center is variable, passes through change
Phase relation between each phase center changes the antenna pattern of the adaptive radiating element.
Ground metallization through-hole described in a row, the feed port are made on the short-circuit side of rectangular metal patch side
The position of the other side is biased to set on the rectangular metal patch, using coaxial feed mode, coaxial inner core connects the rectangular metal
Patch, coaxial outer connect the lower metal floor.
The lower surface metal layer is metallic conductor copper, and thickness 0.018mm, size is 35mm × 35mm；
The medium substrate be dielectric constant 3.5 square F4B dielectric-slabs, thickness 0.8mm, size be 35mm ×
35mm；
The size of the rectangular metal patch is 3.95mm × 16mm；
The inner wall of the ground metallization through-hole metallizes, and radius 0.25mm is highly 0.8mm, the center spacing in hole
For 0.85mm；
Center line 1mm of the feed port away from the rectangular metal patch, 50 Ω of interface impedance of coaxial feed；
The adaptive radiating element is implemented in 9.85-10.15GHz frequency bands, center frequency point 10GHz.
Array antenna include it is multiple it is above-mentioned there is the centrical adaptive radiating element of multiphase, multiple adaptive radiation are singly
Member is connected with each other, and the adjacent port of adjacent adaptive radiating element shares a phase shifter；
Changing rule and the battle array of the radiation beam of the adaptive radiating element with each phase center current feed phase difference
The scanning angle of array antenna is consistent with the changing rule of array-fed difference；
The wave beam deflection of the adaptive radiating element is by array-fed phase-difference control.
The lower surface metal layer of multiple adaptive radiating elements is interconnected to constitute the ground of antenna.
The present invention can be used for wide-angle scanning have the centrical adaptive radiating element of multiphase and corresponding ground level
Phased array antenna realizes unit in the case where not increasing traditional array antenna phase shifter number and feed circuit complexity
Wave beam is scanned with the wide-angle of array scanning angular deflection and array.
Since the port face of planar phased array is fixed, the gain of array array when carrying out beam scanning it is inevitable with
It the increase of scanning angle and reduces, and secondary lobe increases, scanning angle is limited.Therefore, the 3dB beam angles of element antenna are widened
It is the key that increase array antenna scanning angle.The present invention mainly improves array antenna unit in gain at low elevation angles with reality
Existing wide-angle scanning, and do not increase the complexity of system.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention and principle are：
First, it in order to realize that antenna element has relatively high gain at low elevation angles, carries out with leggy center
Radiating element design, to realize the deflection of element pattern.The centrical feelings of two-phase are mainly introduced at leggy center here
Condition, quarter-phase center realize that unit wave may be implemented in the phase difference by adjusting two distributing points by duplex feeding structure
The continuous deflection (when connecing digital phase shifter) of beam radiation direction, as shown in Figure 1.
Secondly, in order to which the antenna pattern for further realizing leggy center antenna occurs partially with the scanning angle of array
Turn, i.e., adaptive antenna pattern, needs the deflection rule and battle array that ensure element pattern with leggy apex drive phase difference
Array antenna scanning angle is consistent with the feed rule of current feed phase difference.To by array-fed phase-difference control cell orientation
Adaptive radiating element is realized in the deflection of figure.
As shown in Fig. 2, giving the structural principle for carrying out Array Design based on the centrical adaptive radiating element of multiphase
Figure.Here, adaptive realization is that one in two distributing points by radiating element directly connects phase shifter, and another is under
The same phase shifter of one units shared.In this way when changing the current feed phase of array, the direction of array factor is not only changed, simultaneously
The deflection for realizing the directional diagram of unit improves low face upward when carrying out wide-angle scanning due to the deflection that beam of unit is directed toward
Gain at angle, has widened scanning angle.Meanwhile the structure does not increase of phase shifter compared with traditional array antenna
It counts, and the complexity fed.
Present invention firstly provides adjusting leggy center cell current feed phase differences to realize the concept of beam of unit deflection,
It is different from the list of traditional wave beam reconfigurable antenna realization based on mechanical rotation unit and by realizations such as microwave pin switches
First wave beam deflection.Meanwhile it being put forward for the first time the principle adaptively deflected based on array-fed phase-difference control beam of unit, pass through
Holding unit wave beam is advised with array beams scanning direction with the variation of array-fed phase difference with the deflection rule of current feed phase difference
Rule is consistent, to realize the purpose deflected by array-fed phase-difference control beam of unit, while saving the number of phase shifter.Together
When the present invention feedback phase network and traditional phased array and existing phased array feedback phase network be mutually compatible with, existing feedback phase can not changed
Under the premise of network, the upgrading to traditional phased array and existing phased array is realized.
Specific embodiment, as shown in Figures 1 to 9：
In the present embodiment there is the centrical adaptive radiating element of multiphase to be made on double-layer printing circuit board,
Printed circuit board is that most common medium covers conductor plate, is made of one layer of medium substrate.Its lowest surface metal layer 4 is led for metal
Body copper, and the ground of antenna, thickness 0.018mm are constituted by it, size is 35mm × 35mm.Medium substrate 3 is dielectric constant 3.5
Square F4B dielectric-slabs, thickness 0.8mm, size be 35mm × 35mm.Upper space metal layer is using printed circuit work
The rectangular metal patch 1 and rectangular metal patch 2, size that skill makes are 3.95mm × 16mm；In the short circuit of rectangular patch
Side makes row's ground metallization through-hole 5 (hole inner wall metallizes, and radius 0.25mm is highly 0.8mm), the center spacing in hole
For 0.85mm.Feed port 6,7 is located at the inclined side position in center of metal patch 1,2, away from center 1mm, using coaxial feed
Electric mode, coaxial inner core connect a layer metal patch, and outer wall meets lower metal floor, 50 Ω of interface impedance.
This example is implemented in 9.85-10.15GHz frequency bands, center frequency point 10GHz.
The return loss plot of Fig. 6 embodiments thus, as seen from the figure, in 9.85-10.15GHz frequency ranges, return loss
Less than -10dB, resonance characteristic is embodied.
The two-dimensional radiation directional diagram of Fig. 7 embodiments thus, as seen from the figure, when working in 10GHz, when the feed phase of two-port
When potential difference is 0 °, directional diagram is directed toward zenith direction；And the current feed phase difference for working as two-port is not zero, and gradually become by 90 °
At 150 ° (- 90 ° gradually become -150 °), the directional diagram of unit, which is directed toward, gradually to be deflected to the direction-θ (+θ), and antenna list is improved
Member is in gain at low elevation angles.
1 × 7 array antenna feed structure figure of Fig. 8 embodiments thus, is first one point of eight power splitter, then eight roads Dui Zhe into
Eight tunnels phase shift Hou are further divided into 16 tunnels by row phase shift, the two-way at both ends are carried out 50 Ω matchings, remaining 14 tunnel connects
14 ports of seven antenna elements.
1 × 7 array antenna wide-angle scan pattern of Fig. 9 embodiments thus, as seen from the figure, when 0 ° of beam position,
Its gain is 14.7dB；When beam position ± 30 °, gain 13.7dB；When beam position ± 60 °, gain is
12.8dB；When beam position ± 73 °, gain 11.9dB.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto,
Any one skilled in the art is in the technical scope of present disclosure, the change or replacement that can be readily occurred in,
It should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be with the protection model of claims
Subject to enclosing.
Claims (5)
1. one kind having the centrical adaptive radiating element of multiphase, which is characterized in that including medium substrate and its lower surface gold
Belong to layer and upper surface printed circuit, the printed circuit includes two rectangular metal patches, described two rectangular metal patches point
It is not connect with the lower surface metal layer by ground metallization through-hole, two rectangular metal patches are connected separately with feed end
Mouthful, the feed port is connected with phase shifter；
The adaptive radiating element has leggy center, and the current feed phase of each phase center is variable, by changing each phase
Phase relation between the center of position changes the antenna pattern of the adaptive radiating element.
2. according to claim 1 have the centrical adaptive radiating element of multiphase and array antenna, which is characterized in that
Ground metallization through-hole described in a row is made on the short-circuit side of rectangular metal patch side, the feed port is set to described
Rectangular metal patch is biased to the position of the other side, and using coaxial feed mode, coaxial inner core connects the rectangular metal patch, coaxially
Outer wall connects the lower metal floor.
3. according to claim 2 have the centrical adaptive radiating element of multiphase and array antenna, which is characterized in that
The lower surface metal layer is metallic conductor copper, and thickness 0.018mm, size is 35mm × 35mm；
The medium substrate is the square F4B dielectric-slabs of dielectric constant 3.5, and thickness 0.8mm, size is 35mm × 35mm；
The size of the rectangular metal patch is 3.95mm × 16mm；
The inner wall of the ground metallization through-hole metallizes, and radius 0.25mm is highly 0.8mm, and the center spacing in hole is
0.85mm；
Center line 1mm of the feed port away from the rectangular metal patch, 50 Ω of interface impedance of coaxial feed；
The adaptive radiating element is implemented in 9.85-10.15GHz frequency bands, center frequency point 10GHz.
4. a kind of array antenna, which is characterized in that the array antenna includes multiple as claimed in claim 1,2 or 3 with multiphase
Centrical adaptive radiating element, multiple adaptive radiating elements are connected with each other, adjacent adaptive radiating element it is adjacent
Port shares a phase shifter；
Changing rule and the array day of the radiation beam of the adaptive radiating element with each phase center current feed phase difference
The scanning angle of line is consistent with the changing rule of array-fed difference；
The wave beam deflection of the adaptive radiating element is by array-fed phase-difference control.
5. array antenna according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the lower surface gold of multiple adaptive radiating elements
Belong to the ground that layer is interconnected to constitute antenna.
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| CN201810467520.1A CN108666768B (en) | 2018-05-11 | 2018-05-11 | Self-adaptive radiation unit with multi-phase center and array antenna |
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| CN201810467520.1A CN108666768B (en) | 2018-05-11 | 2018-05-11 | Self-adaptive radiation unit with multi-phase center and array antenna |
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| CN110061355A (en) * | 2019-02-25 | 2019-07-26 | 中国人民解放军空军工程大学 | A kind of Arbitrary Waveform Generator and setting method based on super structure surface |
| CN110061362A (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2019-07-26 | 上海航天电子通讯设备研究所 | Monitoring device in active phased array antenna unit grade |
| CN110061361A (en) * | 2019-05-22 | 2019-07-26 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | A kind of phased array antenna and its design and extended method |
| CN111193107A (en) * | 2020-01-07 | 2020-05-22 | 中山大学 | End-fire folding slot antenna array |
| CN112909495A (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2021-06-04 | 深圳市万普拉斯科技有限公司 | Mobile terminal and switching method of antenna system |
| CN113690616A (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2021-11-23 | 北京道古视界科技有限公司 | Liquid crystal array antenna beam forming and self-adaptive control method based on phase decomposition |
| CN114865312A (en) * | 2022-05-13 | 2022-08-05 | 南通至晟微电子技术有限公司 | Self-decoupling patch antenna |
| WO2022252826A1 (en) * | 2021-06-01 | 2022-12-08 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Antenna, antenna control method, and storage medium |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110061355A (en) * | 2019-02-25 | 2019-07-26 | 中国人民解放军空军工程大学 | A kind of Arbitrary Waveform Generator and setting method based on super structure surface |
| CN110061361A (en) * | 2019-05-22 | 2019-07-26 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | A kind of phased array antenna and its design and extended method |
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| CN112909495A (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2021-06-04 | 深圳市万普拉斯科技有限公司 | Mobile terminal and switching method of antenna system |
| CN111193107A (en) * | 2020-01-07 | 2020-05-22 | 中山大学 | End-fire folding slot antenna array |
| CN113690616A (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2021-11-23 | 北京道古视界科技有限公司 | Liquid crystal array antenna beam forming and self-adaptive control method based on phase decomposition |
| CN113690616B (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2023-11-28 | 北京道古视界科技有限公司 | Liquid crystal array antenna beam forming and controlling method based on phase decomposition |
| WO2022252826A1 (en) * | 2021-06-01 | 2022-12-08 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Antenna, antenna control method, and storage medium |
| CN114865312A (en) * | 2022-05-13 | 2022-08-05 | 南通至晟微电子技术有限公司 | Self-decoupling patch antenna |
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