CN207936085U - A kind of integrated form incineration of waste and gas scrubbing system - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an integrated waste incineration and gas scrubbing device, which comprises a closable opening (101) for receiving waste; for thermally decomposing the received waste, and thus generating ash and smoke during the decomposition process a combustion chamber (100) for the gas flow; a collector (102) disposed within the combustion chamber (100) for collecting ash and unburned solids; and connected to the combustion chamber (100) and configured to remove pollution from the smoke stream The gas washing chamber (200) of object; It is characterized in that: the gas washing chamber (200) comprises the inlet (201) for receiving the flue gas, the outlet (202) for releasing the clean gas flow, the baffle arranged in a certain way (203), the method makes a zigzag gas flow channel connecting the inlet (201) and the outlet (202) be formed in the gas washing chamber (200), and at least A nozzle (204).

Description

An integrated waste incineration and gas scrubbing plant

technical field

The utility model relates to an integrated waste incineration and gas washing equipment. More specifically, the present invention relates to an integrated waste incineration and gas scrubbing facility capable of simultaneously efficiently decomposing waste and removing pollutants from the plume it produces before releasing it into the atmosphere.

Background technique

Waste management is crucial to minimize adverse health or environmental effects from the disposal of hazardous and non-hazardous waste. At the same time, it is also preferred to recover valuable resources in the form of matter or energy from the disposed waste. However, management practices may vary between countries and between residential and industrial sites, but in general it includes steps to collect waste and transfer it for disposal.

Landfill, incineration and recycling are commonly used as waste disposal methods. In particular, waste is preferably burned or subjected to incineration because the energy contained therein can be recovered, and the ash produced at the same time can be further processed for various industrial applications, such as the production of building materials. Nevertheless, toxic or harmful gaseous products such as dioxins, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, etc. are also produced, and the discharge of these products into the environment may damage people's health. Therefore, there is a need to introduce equipment capable of reducing the release of toxic gaseous products into the atmosphere.

There are several patented technologies for incineration plants for waste management related to the prior art. For example, the incinerator disclosed in US Pat. No. 6,976,439 includes a combustion chamber and a plurality of combustion-supporting fluid injection tubes, wherein the combustion-supporting fluid injection tube is a three-tube structure with an air supply tube, a steam/gas supply tube and a water tube. Preferably, high-pressure, high-temperature air, steam, combustible gas or a combination thereof is supplied to the combustion chamber through the air supply pipe and the steam/gas supply pipe, while the water pipe of the fluid injection pipe is used to protect the air supply pipe and the steam/gas supply pipe from heat influences. In addition, the incinerator is equipped with a water jacket. According to the disclosed utility model, the combustion heat generated in the combustion chamber is used to heat and vaporize combustible gas with a high vaporization temperature. In addition, no dioxin and other toxic substances will be produced during the incineration process.

US Patent No. 6,324,999 also claims another incinerator for removing toxic substances. The incinerator includes a combustion section for incinerating raw waste and general waste, and a removal section for removing toxic substances generated in the combustion section. According to the utility model, the combustion part has an ash chamber with an ash receiving tray, a main combustion chamber and a drying chamber, while the removal part has an exhaust gas duct, a secondary chamber and a blower equipped with a fan. Preferably, incineration material accumulates in the main combustion chamber and is ignited from the bottom. After ignition, the incineration material burns in the air introduced from the partition hole between the combustion chamber and the drying chamber. The outlet of the combustion chamber is consistent with the removal part to remove toxic substances. Also, a negative pressure state is created in the combustion portion, because in this case the generation of carbon monoxide and dioxin and other toxic substances can be minimized or avoided.

European Patent EP0882933 discloses a combustion device and method for limiting the occurrence of dioxins. In a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the incineration equipment includes a combustion furnace for combustibles in the air in the furnace, a chlorinated aromatic compound measuring device for measuring the amount of chlorinated aromatic compounds produced, and a A control device for monitoring the amount of chlorinated aromatic compounds produced. However, the operating conditions of the furnace can be varied to reduce the amount of chlorinated aromatics produced therein. To further suppress the generation of dioxins, the equipment includes a bag filter for filtering the exhaust gas from the combustion chamber, or an activated carbon supply device for supplying activated carbon in the exhaust gas.

In general, most patented technologies prefer to use plasma incineration or high temperature incineration to minimize or reduce the formation of toxic compounds such as dioxins from the waste decomposition process. However, none of these patents relates to the utility model of using a unique gas scrubber arrangement to incinerate waste and scrub the plume it produces. Furthermore, in one embodiment of the present invention, plasma can also be generated in the combustion chamber by exhaust in air, resulting in a plasma incineration process, where high incineration temperatures can be achieved for a more efficient decomposition process .

Utility model content

One of the objects of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for simultaneously thermally decomposing wastes in excess air and removing pollutants from the plume generated therein.

Another object of the invention is to introduce a waste treatment plant which minimizes the release of toxic compounds into the atmosphere.

Another object of the present invention is to introduce an efficient and practical gas scrubber arrangement connected to the combustion chamber for the removal of toxic compounds present.

Yet another object of the present invention is to introduce a device that uses liquid and solid sorbent media for the removal of ash or toxic compounds present in the exhaust gases from waste incineration.

Yet another object of the invention is to minimize the operating or running costs of the equipment by combining a solar generator or wind turbine to the compressor.

The utility model provides an integrated waste incineration and gas scrubbing device, which includes a closeable opening for receiving waste; a combustion chamber for thermally decomposing the received waste and thereby generating ash and smoke during the decomposition process a collector arranged in the combustion chamber for collecting ash and unburned solids; and a gas scrubber connected to the combustion chamber and configured to remove pollutants from the smoke stream; characterized in that the gas scrubber includes an inlet for receiving the smoke flow, an outlet for releasing the clean air flow, and partitions arranged in such a way that a meandering airflow path connecting the inlet and the outlet is formed in the gas washing chamber , and at least one nozzle disposed along the channel for introducing liquid droplets to capture contaminants of the plume.

The gas scrubber may also include a liquid sorbent medium that absorbs uncollected ash or pollutants from the plume. Droplets can be collected on a liquid sorbent medium.

The gas scrubbing chamber may further include a solid sorbent medium for trapping any remaining contaminants passing through the channels.

In one embodiment of the invention, the apparatus may further comprise a grate disposed within the combustion chamber above the collector on which the waste is placed.

In another embodiment of the invention, the device may also include a compressor to pressurize air for supply to the combustion chamber.

Preferably, the combustion chamber is a magnetic pyrolysis furnace.

Preferably, the closable opening may be a hinged flap to minimize occupational risks by reducing exposure of personnel to heat and fumes when feeding waste to operating equipment.

Preferably, the combustion chamber may comprise a plurality of inner walls with perforations, an outer wall made of multilayer material for withstanding high temperatures due to thermal decomposition, and a space between the inner and outer walls that allows air to flow through the perforations to the combustion chamber.

Preferably, the liquid sorbent medium may be a mineral solution.

Preferably, the solid sorbent medium may be activated carbon, pozzolan or a combination thereof.

Preferably, the solid sorbent medium may be a stainless steel oil pan.

Preferably, the solid sorbent media may be a carbon filter with three layers.

Utilizing an integrated plant comprising a combustion chamber and a gas scrubber, the plant simultaneously efficiently breaks down waste and removes pollutants present in the plume prior to discharge into the atmosphere.

Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the present invention is well adapted to carry out the stated objects and obtain the objects and advantages mentioned, as well as those inherent therein. The embodiments described here do not limit the scope of the present invention.

Description of drawings

In order to facilitate the understanding of the invention, the preferred embodiments considered from the following description, the invention, its construction and operation and its many advantages will be readily understood in the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of an integrated waste incineration and gas scrubbing plant in which the main features of the present invention are embodied.

Detailed ways

Referring to accompanying drawing now, describe the utility model in more detail by embodiment.

Referring to FIG. 1 , the apparatus includes a combustion chamber 100 and a gas scrubbing chamber 200 connected to an upper portion of the combustion chamber 100 . The combustion chamber 100 comprises a closable opening 101 in the form of a hinged flap for receiving waste from the user, a grate 104 for placing the waste, a collector 102 for collecting ash and unburned solids, and a connection to the lower part of the combustion chamber 100 A compressor 105 for supplying pressurized air to the combustion chamber 100 .

Preferably, the combustion chamber 100 is in the form of a magnetic pyrolysis furnace, characterized by negative ion plasma treatment technology, which allows to reduce and suppress the production of dioxins during the combustion process. Because higher temperatures can be achieved, plasma incineration can occur in the combustion chamber 100, resulting in more efficient waste decomposition. In the combustion chamber 100, plasma is generated by discharge in air as a carrier gas, which promotes the generation of positive ions or negative ions. The plasma magnetic field is introduced onto the rod through the arrangement of the helical coil 103, thereby generating negative ions. Thus, higher temperature ranges in the combustion chamber 100 can also be achieved. The thermal energy in the generated plasma is then transferred to the deposited waste, leading to the decomposition of the generated ash and plume. The resulting plume contains toxic compounds such as dioxins, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide, etc. However, mineral and metallic substances are non-combustible and remain solid throughout the incineration process.

The gas scrubbing chamber 200 includes an inlet 201 , a partition 203 , an outlet 202 , at least one nozzle 204 , a liquid sorbent medium 205 and solid sorbent medium 207 , 208 . The inlet 201 is located at the upper portion of the combustion chamber 100 to receive smoke. The partitions 203 are divided and extend vertically, arranged in such a way that a meander-like gas flow channel is formed within the gas scrubbing chamber 200 , whereby the channel connects the inlet 201 to the outlet 202 . Nozzles 204 are provided along the channel, preferably at the upper end of the chamber, to introduce liquid droplets for trapping contaminants of the plume. An outlet 202 is provided at the end of the channel to release the clean air flow.

A liquid sorbent medium 205 is disposed at the bottom of the gas scrubber chamber 200 for adsorbing uncollected ash or pollutants from the plume. Droplets from nozzles 204 may be collected on a liquid sorbent medium. Preferably, the liquid sorbent medium 205 and the droplets are alkaline water. The gas scrubber 200 is also connected to an alkaline filtration system for filtering contaminated water and producing clean alkaline water back to the gas scrubber 200 . A water pump 206 may be provided to increase the water pressure of the water spray at the nozzles 204 . Alternatively, the liquid sorbent medium 205 is periodically replenished or replaced with fresh sorbent medium in order to maintain optimum sorption efficiency.

At the end of the channel prior to the outlet, solid sorbent media 207, 208 are provided for trapping any remaining contaminants from the plume, which are then discharged through outlet 202 to the atmosphere. The solid sorbent media 207, 208 consisted of a stainless steel oil pan 207 and a triple layer carbon filter 208.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the combustion chamber 100 includes a plurality of inner walls with perforations, an outer wall made of multiple layers of materials for withstanding high temperatures, and a space between the inner and outer walls, which allows Air flows through the perforations to the combustion chamber. The perforations of the inner wall may have a uniform diameter size or different diameter sizes. In addition, the outer walls are made of multiple layers of materials including stainless steel and wool to withstand the high temperatures of the decomposition process. Also make sure that the outer walls of the device are not heated to high temperatures.

The received waste is thermally decomposed in a combustion chamber 100 comprising a plurality of inner walls with perforations, an outer wall made of a multi-layered material for withstanding high temperatures caused by thermal decomposition, and a space between the inner and outer walls, This space allows air to flow to the combustion chamber 100 through the perforations.

The closable opening 101 employs a hinged flap as it improves occupational safety by minimizing personnel exposure to heat and fumes when waste is fed into the operating equipment. The hinged flap is disposed about an axis perpendicular to the width of the upper surface, characterized in that the hinged flap is movable between a first position and a second position in which the hinged flap rests against one of the side walls On, in the second position, the flap pivots inwardly from the first wall. The hinged flap may also include a stop flap that limits the sliding movement of the hinged flap, and thus prevents a user or operator from being struck by the flap.

Thermal decomposition of the waste is carried out in the combustion chamber 100 such that a fire is first established by igniting easily combustible paper or other material and continues to burn or thermally decompose the waste. The decomposition of waste results in the production of ash and toxic compounds such as dioxins, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, etc. Unburned solids remain intact and fall into collector 102 under the influence of gravity.

Typically, ash and unburned solids fall by gravity and accumulate on collector 102 . The collector 102 is preferably movable or slideable, allowing recovery of ash for further processing in other industrial applications.

Preferably, the compressor is electrically driven, wherein electricity or energy may be generated using solar generators, wind turbines or a combination thereof. By combining a solar generator or wind turbine to the compressor, the power supplied to the compressor can be minimized, resulting in lower running or operating costs. Additionally, a solar generator or wind turbine can serve as an emergency power source for the compressor so that the operation of the compressor is not affected in the event of a power outage or outage.

The equipment disclosed in the utility model is capable of processing about 500 to 4000 kg of waste per day depending on the type and moisture content of the material and the weather conditions when the incineration process is carried out. Preferably, waste with a moisture content of less than 70% is fed to the plant for thermal decomposition into ash and waste gas. The presence of objects such as metals or minerals does not affect the incineration or pyrolysis process as these materials remain solid or do not burn and accumulate and collect at collector 102 .

Furthermore, the device disclosed in the utility model can be used to reduce the release of toxic compounds or greenhouse gases such as dioxins, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, etc. into the atmosphere, thereby minimizing environmental pollution. In addition, the device of the present invention can be used in different places, including residential areas and industrial areas, and can be used for thermal decomposition of waste paper, household waste, wood, vinyl products, nylon products, polyurethane, fabrics, tires or combinations thereof waste.

The disclosure includes that contained in the appended claims in addition to that of the foregoing description. Although the invention has been described in its preferred form with a certain degree of particularity, it should be understood that the disclosure of the preferred form is by way of example only and is subject to numerous variations in structural details, and combinations and arrangements of parts. can be used without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Claims (12)

1. An integrated waste incineration and gas scrubbing plant comprising: a closable opening (101) for receiving waste; a combustion chamber (100) for thermally decomposing the received waste and thereby generating ash and flue gas streams during the decomposition process; a collector (102) arranged within the combustion chamber (100) for collecting ash and unburned solids; and a gas scrubber (200) connected to the combustion chamber (100) and configured to remove pollutants from the plume; It is characterized in that: the gas washing chamber (200) comprises an inlet (201) for receiving smoke, an outlet (202) for releasing clean air, and partitions (203) arranged in a manner such that the gas A zigzagging airflow channel connecting the inlet (201) and the outlet (202) is formed in the washing chamber (200), and at least one nozzle (204) arranged along the channel for introducing pollutants of the droplet trapping smoke flow. 2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the gas scrubbing chamber (200) further comprises a liquid sorbent medium (205) which absorbs uncollected ash or pollutants from the plume. 3. Apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the droplets are collected at the liquid sorbent medium (205). 4. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the gas scrubbing chamber (200) further comprises a solid sorbent medium (207, 208) for trapping any remaining contaminants passing through the channel. 5. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the combustion chamber (100) is a magnetopyrolysis furnace. 6. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a grate (104) arranged in the combustion chamber (100) above the collector (102) on which the waste is placed. 7. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a compressor (105) to supply pressurized air to the combustion chamber (100). 8. The device according to claim 1, wherein the closable opening (101) is a hinged flap. 9. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the combustion chamber (100) comprises a plurality of inner walls with perforations, an outer wall made of multilayer material for withstanding high temperatures due to thermal decomposition, and a space between the inner and outer walls , the space allows air to flow through the perforations to the combustion chamber (100). 10. The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein said liquid sorbent medium (205) is a mineral solution. 11. The apparatus according to claim 4, wherein said solid sorbent medium (207, 208) is a stainless steel oil collection pan (207). 12. The apparatus according to claim 4, wherein said solid sorbent medium (207, 208) is a carbon filter (208) having three layers.