CN207717953U - A kind of device of excitation curve under measuring transformer saturation state - Google Patents
A kind of device of excitation curve under measuring transformer saturation state Download PDFInfo
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- CN207717953U CN207717953U CN201721298638.3U CN201721298638U CN207717953U CN 207717953 U CN207717953 U CN 207717953U CN 201721298638 U CN201721298638 U CN 201721298638U CN 207717953 U CN207717953 U CN 207717953U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of devices of the excitation curve under measuring transformer saturation state, and for solving in the prior art, there is no a kind of the technical issues of simulating the method for knowing the operating status of transformer in the saturated condition.The utility model includes：AC power, switch, transformer, current sensor, voltage probe and oscillograph；The primary side of AC power and transformer connects, for providing sinusoidal voltage；Switch is set between AC power and transformer, for the control combined floodgate when the phase of sinusoidal voltage is 0；Current sensor is set between switch and the primary side of transformer, is used for excitation surge current when measuring transformer idle-loaded switching-on；One end of voltage probe and the secondary side of transformer connect, and are used for the secondary side terminal voltage of measuring transformer；Oscillograph is connect with current sensor and voltage probe, for recording excitation surge current and terminal voltage.
Description
Technical field
The utility model is related to the excitation under transformer technology field more particularly to a kind of measuring transformer saturation state is bent
The device of line.
Background technology
Transformer is the device for changing alternating voltage using the principle of electromagnetic induction, and main member is primary coil, secondary
Grade coil and iron core (magnetic core).It is mainly used for：Voltage transformation, current transformation, isolation and voltage stabilizing etc..When being connected with friendship in primary coil
When galvanic electricity stream, exchange flux is just generated in magnetic core, makes to induce voltage (or electric current) in secondary coil.The wherein effect master of magnetic core
It is the magnetic circuit for the couples magnetic flux to form magnetic resistance very little, due to its magnetic resistance very little, the working efficiency of transformer can be greatly improved.
Under normal circumstances, the feature high using magnetic core magnetic permeability that generally can be as possible when manufacturing transformer, constantly carries
High efficiency, but due to the limitation of magnetic core itself, by magnetic flux will not infinitely increase, and saturation state can be reached.Work as magnetic
Core reaches saturation, and magnetic flux will not change substantially, and the coil on magnetic core can lose inductance or reactance, at this time coil
Total resistance tends to zero, even if the voltage at coil both ends will produce high current if not high, increases copper loss, or even can make coil meeting
It burns, therefore is brought a negative impact to the operation of circuit.
Therefore, to know the operating status of transformer in the saturated condition, for the operation of transformer in the saturated condition
Parameter etc., which carries out research, important meaning.However, in the prior art there is no one kind can simulate know transformer saturation shape
The method of operating status under state brings difficulty to further research is carried out to transformer.
Utility model content
The utility model embodiment discloses a kind of device of the excitation curve under measuring transformer saturation state, solves
There is no a kind of the technical issues of simulating the method for knowing the operating status of transformer in the saturated condition in the prior art.
The utility model embodiment provides a kind of device of the excitation curve under measuring transformer saturation state, including：
AC power, switch, transformer, current sensor, voltage probe and oscillograph；
The AC power is connect with the primary side of the transformer, for providing sinusoidal voltage；
The switch is set between the AC power and the transformer, for when the phase of sinusoidal voltage is 0
Control is closed a floodgate；
The current sensor is set between the switch and the primary side of the transformer, empty for measuring transformer
Carry excitation surge current when closing a floodgate；
One end of the voltage probe is connect with the secondary side of the transformer, the secondary side for measuring the transformer
Terminal voltage；
The oscillograph is connect with the current sensor and the voltage probe, for recording the excitation surge current and institute
State terminal voltage.
Preferably, the switch is zero passage switch.
Preferably, the transformer is also associated with demagnetization instrument, for carrying out demagnetization processing to the transformer.
Preferably, it is also associated with pressure regulator between the AC power and the transformer, for the AC power
The voltage being added on the transformer carries out control adjustment.
As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the utility model has the following advantages：
Excitation surge current when by using current sensor and voltage probe measuring transformer idle-loaded switching-on and secondary side
Voltage, by numerical integration and calculating, you can obtain the excitation curve of transformer.And since excitation surge current range is big, gained
Excitation curve contain the excitation property under depth saturation state, therefore transformer can be obtained by the excitation curve of gained and be existed
The information such as the excitation property of parameter value and magnetic core under saturation state operation contribute to engineering operation maintenance personnel to transformer full
It is studied with the operating status under state.
Description of the drawings
In order to illustrate the embodiment of the utility model or the technical proposal in the existing technology more clearly, below will be to embodiment
Or attached drawing needed to be used in the description of the prior art is briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only
It is some embodiments of the utility model, for those of ordinary skill in the art, before not making the creative labor property
It puts, can also be obtained according to these attached drawings other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the device of the excitation curve under a kind of measuring transformer saturation state that the utility model embodiment provides
Structural schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the measurement method of the excitation curve under a kind of transformer saturation state that the utility model embodiment provides
Flow diagram.
Fig. 3 is the signal of the excitation surge current and secondary side terminal voltage for the testing transformer that the utility model embodiment provides
Figure.
Fig. 4 is the testing transformer secondary side terminal voltage waveform signal for the oscillograph recording that the utility model embodiment provides
Figure.
Fig. 5 is the testing transformer excitation surge current waveform diagram for the oscillograph recording that the utility model embodiment provides.
Fig. 6 is the signal of the excitation curve containing depth saturation state for the testing transformer that the utility model embodiment provides
Figure.
Specific implementation mode
Through the application utility model people the study found that since magnetic core of transformer material therefor is usually the ferromagnetic material such as silicon steel sheet
Material, the magnetic flux density B and magnetic field intensity H of this material are in non-linear relation.On excitation curve (BH curve), it can obtain
The key messages such as parameter value and iron core excitation property when running state of transformer are conducive to further grinding to transformer
Study carefully.
Currently, the method for measuring excitation curve is：To same ferromagnetic material, different magnetic field intensities is selected to carry out repeatedly
Magnetization, obtains a series of hysteresis loops of different sizes, the vertex of each hysteresis loop is connected, can be magnetized substantially
Curve, i.e. excitation curve.But this method needs to carry out test of many times, and due to the limitation of power, can not obtain
Transformer enters excitation property when depth saturation state.
In addition, transformer saturation is saturation point that transformer peakflux density has reached magnetic core, magnetic flux density is not at this time
Change again with the variation of electric current, i.e., to the variation of electric current without inhibition, inductance is just equivalent to one and leads transformer at this time
Line, without the ability for inhibiting electric current.The total resistance of coil tends to zero at this time, even if the voltage at coil both ends can produce if not high
Raw high current, increases copper loss, or even can make coil that can burn, therefore bring a negative impact to the operation of circuit.Therefore, usually exist
All transformer can be prevented to be saturated there are certain surplus at the beginning of the design of transformer.Due to manufacturer manufacture and design transformer it
There are certain surpluses for first meeting so that transformer is difficult to enter saturation state, therefore, difficult in the environment of providing normal power source
To carry out real simulation to the saturation state of transformer, and obtain transformer corresponding operating parameter under saturation operation state.
However, since transformer during no-load closing moment will produce excitation surge current, amplitude can generally achieve transformer volume
10-20 times of constant current.The application is based on this, excitation surge current when by measuring transformer idle-loaded switching-on and secondary side electricity
Pressure, by numerical integration and calculating, you can obtain the excitation curve of transformer.And since excitation surge current range is big, gained
Excitation curve contains excitation property of the transformer under depth saturation state, therefore studies the excitation curve, can be with
The information such as the excitation property of operational parameter value and magnetic core of the transformer under depth saturation state are obtained, for going deep into for transformer
Research provides basis.
Referring to Fig. 1, the excitation under a kind of measuring transformer saturation state that the figure, which is the utility model embodiment, to be provided
The structural schematic diagram of the device of curve.
The device of excitation curve under a kind of measuring transformer saturation state provided in the utility model embodiment includes：
AC power 1, switch 2, transformer 3, current sensor 4, voltage probe 5 and oscillograph 6；The AC power 1
It is connect with the primary side of the transformer 3, for providing sinusoidal voltage；The switch 2 be set to the AC power 1 with it is described
Between transformer 3, for the control combined floodgate when the phase of sinusoidal voltage is 0；The current sensor 4 is set to the switch 2
Between the primary side of the transformer 3, it to be used for excitation surge current when 3 idle-loaded switching-on of measuring transformer；The voltage probe 5
One end is connect with the secondary side of the transformer 3, the secondary side terminal voltage for measuring the transformer 3；The oscillograph 6 with
The current sensor 4 and the voltage probe 5 connect, for recording the excitation surge current and the terminal voltage.
Further, the switch 2 is zero passage switch, that is, when being added in the voltage at 3 both ends of transformer and being in 0 phase, zero passage
Switch is automatic to be closed.When voltage-phase is 0, the excitation surge current first amplitude measured at this time is maximum, and the result of calculating is most accurate.
If in practice without zero passage switch, when using air switch, need by test of many times, result of calculation is minimized.
Further, in order to reduce influence of the remanent magnetism to iron core magnetic history, keep the excitation surge current measured more accurate, try
After the connection of electrical verification road is errorless, before carrying out idle-loaded switching-on using 2 pairs of transformers 3 of switch, need to carry out demagnetization processing to transformer 3.
The transformer 3 is also associated with demagnetization instrument, can be used for carrying out demagnetization processing to the transformer.In addition, in addition to demagnetization can be used
Instrument carries out outside demagnetization processing transformer, can also carry out demagnetization processing to transformer by following operation：To transformer secondary
Side carries out open circuit processing, adds rated voltage in transformer primary side, and continuously decrease voltage to zero.
Further, it is controlled for the ease of the voltage to AC power 1, the AC power 1 and the transformer 3
Between be also associated with pressure regulator, the voltage for being added on to the AC power on the transformer carries out control adjustment.
It is the dress of the excitation curve under a kind of measuring transformer saturation state provided the utility model embodiment above
The detailed description set, below will be to applying the device that the utility model embodiment provides into the excitation under line transformer saturation state
The method of the measurement of curve is described in detail.
Referring to Fig. 2, the excitation curve under a kind of transformer saturation state that the figure, which is the utility model embodiment, to be provided
Measurement method flow diagram.
The measurement method of excitation curve under a kind of transformer saturation state that the utility model embodiment provides includes：
S101, No-load Test of Transformer circuit is built, and idle-loaded switching-on is carried out to transformer using switch；
No-load Test of Transformer circuit includes experiment power supply and transformer, and experiment power supply is connected to the primary side of transformer,
For providing stable sinusoidal voltage；Switch is zero passage switch, and zero passage switch is set to the primary side of experiment power supply and transformer
Between, for the control combined floodgate when the phase of sinusoidal voltage is 0.The primary side of transformer is also associated with current sensor, transformation
The secondary side of device is connected with voltage probe, and current sensor and voltage probe are connected on oscillograph simultaneously.
It should be noted that in order to reduce influence of the remanent magnetism to iron core magnetic history, keep the excitation surge current measured more smart
Really, after hookup connection is errorless, before carrying out idle-loaded switching-on to transformer using switch, demagnetization processing is carried out to transformer.It is right
Transformer carries out demagnetization processing and is specifically as follows：Open circuit processing is carried out to Circuit Fault on Secondary Transformer, is added in transformer primary side specified
Voltage, and voltage is continuously decreased to zero.
S102, measurement and the current waveform data and voltage waveform data that record transformer during no-load closing moment；
Since current sensor and voltage probe are connect with oscillograph, can be surveyed by current sensor and voltage probe
The electric current and voltage of transformer during no-load closing moment are measured, and obtains the electric current of transformer during no-load closing moment by oscillograph recording
Wave data and voltage waveform data.Wherein, Fig. 3 is seen, which is the testing transformer that the utility model embodiment provides
Excitation surge current and secondary side terminal voltage schematic diagram.
S103, the magnetic flux data that integral obtains transformer are carried out to voltage waveform data；
According to Faraday's electromagnetic induction law, voltage u can be obtained with trapezoidal integration to the integral of time t, that is, has magnetic
FluxThe value range of t is [t0,tm], wherein t0It is in for the first time for the sinusoidal voltage wave of oscillograph recording
At the time of correspondence when 0 phase, tmAt the time of correspondence when being in 180 ° of phases for the first time for sinusoidal voltage wave.Work as t=tmWhen, excitation
The i that shoves just is the first peak value.
It should be noted that when the switch used is air switch, in order to ensure that voltage u is dull to the integral of time t
Increase, i.e., the size of magnetic flux phi constantly rises at any time, for testing each time, should ensure that recorded voltage waveform from just
Half period, and initial phase site is as close possible to 0 (0-10 ° of range of selection), it is thus possible to need multiple switching air to open
It closes, finds a preferable waveform recording starting point.
S104, excitation curve under transformer saturation state is painted to obtain according to current waveform data and magnetic flux data.
Using excitation surge current i as abscissa, magnetic flux phi is ordinate, obtains Φ-i curves.According to Ampere's law and farad
The law of electromagnetic induction, BH curve have equivalence with Φ-i curves, and therefore, the curve of gained is excitation curve.Due to encouraging
Magnetic shoves, and i ranges are big, and amplitude can reach 10-20 times of transformer rated current, i.e., contained in the excitation curve of gained
Transformer is in excitation property when depth saturation state.The excitation curve is studied, transformer can be obtained in depth
The information such as the excitation property of operational parameter value and magnetic core under saturation state provide basis for the further investigation of transformer.
In order to make it easy to understand, below shape will be saturated to the transformer that the utility model embodiment provides with a concrete application example
The measurement method of excitation curve under state is described in detail.
A rated voltage U=120V, the experiment transformation of rated current I=15A, no-load voltage ratio k=1 are had chosen in the application example
Device measures its excitation curve containing depth saturation state using the above method.It is as follows：
a：Build the no-load test circuit of the testing transformer.Using the method for open circuit demagnetization, to testing transformer iron core
It demagnetizes, remanent magnetism in transformer core is made to be essentially 0.
b：It sets triggering mode on oscillograph to trigger as single, triggering level 30A.Set recordable range of waveforms
The electric current for being 250A for amplitude.
c：It sets power supply and exports sinusoidal voltage, and its virtual value is 120V, frequency 60Hz.When voltage signal phase is 0
When, zero passage switch is closed automatically, the wave of voltage probe and current sensor acquisition Circuit Fault on Secondary Transformer terminal voltage and excitation surge current
Shape and data, and recorded by oscillograph.Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 is can be found in, Fig. 4 is the oscillograph that the utility model embodiment provides
The testing transformer secondary side terminal voltage waveform diagram of record；Fig. 5 is the oscillograph recording that the utility model embodiment provides
Testing transformer excitation surge current waveform diagram.
d：By secondary side voltage data reduction to primary side, integrals of the voltage u to time t is obtained with trapezoidal integration, i.e.,
The transient data of magnetic flux phi is obtained, according to recorded data it is found that t0=0.29492s, tm=0.31268s.
e：Using excitation surge current i as abscissa, magnetic flux phi is ordinate, obtains Φ-i curves, due to excitation surge current i peak values
14 times (210A) of transformer rated current are reached, i.e., this Φ-i curve is the excitation for containing transformer depth saturation state
Curve.Referring to Fig. 6, which is the excitation curve containing depth saturation state for the testing transformer that the utility model embodiment provides
Schematic diagram.
The device of the excitation curve under a kind of measuring transformer saturation state provided by the utility model is carried out above
It is discussed in detail, for those of ordinary skill in the art, based on the idea of the embodiment of the present invention, in specific implementation mode
And there will be changes in application range, in conclusion the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of device of the excitation curve under measuring transformer saturation state, which is characterized in that including：
AC power, switch, transformer, current sensor, voltage probe and oscillograph；
The AC power is connect with the primary side of the transformer, for providing sinusoidal voltage；
The switch is set between the AC power and the transformer, for the phase in sinusoidal voltage be 0 when control
It closes a floodgate；
The current sensor is set between the switch and the primary side of the transformer, is closed for measuring transformer zero load
Excitation surge current when lock；
One end of the voltage probe is connect with the secondary side of the transformer, the secondary side electricity for measuring the transformer
Pressure；
The oscillograph is connect with the current sensor and the voltage probe, for recording the excitation surge current and the end
Voltage.
2. the device of the excitation curve under measuring transformer saturation state according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described
Switch is zero passage switch.
3. the device of the excitation curve under measuring transformer saturation state according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described
It is also associated with pressure regulator between AC power and the transformer, the electricity for being added on to the AC power on the transformer
Pressure carries out control adjustment.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201721298638.3U CN207717953U (en) | 2017-10-10 | 2017-10-10 | A kind of device of excitation curve under measuring transformer saturation state |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201721298638.3U CN207717953U (en) | 2017-10-10 | 2017-10-10 | A kind of device of excitation curve under measuring transformer saturation state |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112051526A (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2020-12-08 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Test platform and method for testing excitation characteristics of transformer model |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112051526A (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2020-12-08 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Test platform and method for testing excitation characteristics of transformer model |
| CN112051526B (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2023-08-18 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Test platform and method for testing excitation characteristics of transformer model |
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