CN112051526B - Test platform and method for testing excitation characteristics of transformer model - Google Patents
Test platform and method for testing excitation characteristics of transformer model Download PDFInfo
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- CN112051526B CN112051526B CN202010712082.8A CN202010712082A CN112051526B CN 112051526 B CN112051526 B CN 112051526B CN 202010712082 A CN202010712082 A CN 202010712082A CN 112051526 B CN112051526 B CN 112051526B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/12—Measuring magnetic properties of articles or specimens of solids or fluids
- G01R33/1253—Measuring galvano-magnetic properties
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/12—Measuring magnetic properties of articles or specimens of solids or fluids
- G01R33/1215—Measuring magnetisation; Particular magnetometers therefor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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Abstract
The invention relates to a test platform and a method for testing excitation characteristics of a transformer model, wherein the test platform comprises a transformer model, an alternating current power supply, a resistor, a voltage regulator, a first power analyzer, a second linkage switch, a third linkage switch and a current transformer; the alternating current power supply, the resistor, the voltage regulator, the first power analyzer and the primary winding of the transformer model are sequentially connected in series to form a primary loop, the second power analyzer and the secondary winding of the transformer model are connected in series to form a secondary loop, and the current transformer is used for measuring current data of the primary loop and transmitting the current data to the second power analyzer. The test platform for testing the excitation characteristics of the transformer model provided by the invention not only can obtain the magnetic performance data of the transformer through measurement, but also can truly reflect the electromagnetic performance of the transformer in the actual working state, thereby being beneficial to improving the electromagnetic analysis and the optimal design of the transformer product.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of transformers, in particular to a test platform and a test method for testing excitation characteristics of a transformer model.
Background
The iron core in the large-scale power transformer is formed by laminating oriented silicon steel sheets, and the problems of no-load loss, no-load current, stray loss and local overheating in the iron cores in different forms are important problems in the design of the power transformer. A large number of research results show that the accuracy and the effectiveness of the results of electromagnetic field distribution and loss distribution in the magnetic material depend on the electromagnetic performance of the magnetic material in the actual working state of the transformer after the iron cores are stacked. Whereas electromagnetic performance data provided by electrical material suppliers are typically measured under conditions specified by standards. The existence of the form of the seam in the actual transformer core, i.e. the presence of an air gap at the seam, results in a designer not being able to calculate the magnetic field and loss distribution of the power transformer core accurately.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a test platform and a method for testing excitation characteristics of a transformer model, which aims to solve the problems existing in the prior art.
According to a first aspect of the invention, a test platform for testing excitation characteristics of a transformer model is provided, comprising a transformer model, an alternating current power supply, a resistor, a voltage regulator, a first power analyzer, a second linkage switch, a third linkage switch and a current transformer;
the alternating current power supply, the resistor, the voltage regulator, the first power analyzer and the primary winding of the transformer model are sequentially connected in series to form a primary loop, a first movable contact of the second linkage switch is connected between the voltage regulating end of the voltage regulator and the first power analyzer, and a second movable contact of the second linkage switch is connected between the alternating current power supply and the primary winding;
the second power analyzer is connected with the secondary winding of the transformer model in series to form a secondary loop, a first movable contact of the third linkage switch is connected between a first pole of the secondary winding and a first pole of the second power analyzer, and a second movable contact of the third linkage switch is connected between a second pole of the secondary winding and a second pole of the second power analyzer;
and a lead between the first movable contact of the second linkage switch and the first power analyzer passes through an induction coil of the current transformer, and the output end of the current transformer is connected with the second power analyzer.
Preferably, the primary circuit further comprises a first linkage switch and a voltmeter;
a first movable contact of the first linkage switch is connected between the alternating current power supply and the resistor, and a second movable contact of the first linkage switch is connected between the alternating current power supply and a second movable contact of the second linkage switch;
the first pole of the voltmeter is connected between the voltage regulating end of the voltage regulator and the first movable contact of the second linkage switch, and the second pole of the voltmeter is connected between the second movable contact of the first linkage switch and the second movable contact of the second linkage switch.
Preferably, the transformer model adopts an abyssal square ring iron core model with different seam modes.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for testing excitation characteristics of a transformer model, comprising:
step one, building the test platform;
step two, verifying a measuring loop of the test platform;
step three, carrying out demagnetizing treatment on the transformer model;
step four, closing the first linkage switch, the second linkage switch and the third linkage switch, and measuring and recording exciting current data, voltage waveform data and loss data of the transformer model;
and fifthly, drawing a magnetization characteristic curve and a loss curve according to the data recorded in the fourth step, and carrying out fitting calculation of loss according to measured curve data.
Preferably, in the second step, the measurement loop of the test platform is verified, if the measurement loop is normal, the step three is entered, and if the measurement loop is abnormal, the measurement loop is checked and verified again after the fault is removed until the measurement loop is normal.
Preferably, the second step includes:
and closing the first linkage switch of the primary loop, opening the second linkage switch, boosting the voltage regulator, checking the reading of the voltmeter in the primary loop, and if the reading of the voltmeter is gradually increased, indicating that the power supply is normal, and performing a test.
Preferably, the second step further includes:
returning the voltage regulator to zero, closing the first linkage switch and the second linkage switch, opening the third linkage switch, checking the current reading of the first power analyzer, and if the current reading is zero, indicating that the measuring loop is normal; and step-up the voltage regulator to the rated voltage of the transformer model, recording current and voltage data acquired by the first power analyzer, closing the third linkage switch, recording current and voltage data acquired by the second power analyzer, comparing the current and voltage data acquired twice, and if the results are the same, continuing the test.
Preferably, the third step includes:
returning the voltage regulator to zero, opening the third linkage switch, closing the first linkage switch and the second linkage switch, shorting the current input terminal on the first power analyzer, and boosting the voltage regulator to enable the magnetic density of the iron core of the transformer model to be more than 2.0T, and then gradually reducing the magnetic density to zero.
Preferably, in the fourth step, the first linkage switch, the second linkage switch and the third linkage switch are closed, the voltage regulator is adjusted according to the estimated voltage data, the voltage is stepped up, and the first power analyzer and the second power analyzer are used for measuring and recording exciting current data, voltage waveform data and loss data of the transformer model; the estimated voltage data is a threshold voltage when the core density of the transformer model reaches more than 2.0T.
Preferably, the fourth step further includes:
according to the average value and the effective value of each voltage point in the boosting process, the distortion rate of the voltage is calculated, and when the waveform coefficient exceeds 1.5%, the boosting is stopped; then gradually reducing the voltage, measuring and recording corresponding voltage points, and examining the repeatability of test data.
The test platform and the method for testing the excitation characteristics of the transformer model can test the excitation characteristics of the iron core in the transformer model and can separate the loss of the joint area of the iron core and the loss of the column yoke area; the induction voltage, the exciting current and the corresponding waveforms of the transformer model under different saturation degrees can be measured; the magnetization characteristic curve and the loss curve of the iron core in the transformer model under different saturation conditions can be obtained. The magnetic performance data of the transformer can be obtained through measurement, the electromagnetic performance of the transformer in the actual working state can be truly reflected, and the electromagnetic analysis and the optimal design of the transformer product can be improved.
Drawings
The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description of embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 shows a circuit configuration diagram of a test platform for transformer model excitation characteristics testing according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: the transformer model 1, the primary winding 2, the secondary winding 3, the alternating current power supply 4, the resistor 5, the voltage regulator 6, the voltmeter 7, the first power analyzer 8, the second power analyzer 9, the current transformer 10, the first linkage switch 11, the second linkage switch 12 and the third linkage switch 13.
Detailed Description
Various embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numbers will be used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or like parts. For clarity, the various features of the drawings are not drawn to scale.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a test platform for testing excitation characteristics of a transformer model, the test platform including a transformer model 1, an ac power source 4, a resistor 5, a voltage regulator 6, a first power analyzer 8, a second power analyzer 9, a second linkage switch 12, a third linkage switch 13, and a current transformer 10.
The alternating current power supply 4, the resistor 5, the voltage regulator 6, the first power analyzer 8 and the primary winding 2 of the transformer model 1 are sequentially connected in series to form a primary loop, a first movable contact of the second linkage switch 12 is connected between the voltage regulating end of the voltage regulator 6 and the first power analyzer 8, and a second movable contact of the second linkage switch 12 is connected between the alternating current power supply 4 and the primary winding 2;
the second power analyzer 9 is connected in series with the secondary winding 3 of the transformer model 1 to form a secondary circuit, a first movable contact of a third linkage switch 13 is connected between a first pole of the secondary winding 3 and a first pole of the second power analyzer 9, and a second movable contact of the third linkage switch 13 is connected between a second pole of the secondary winding 3 and a second pole of the second power analyzer 9;
the line between the first movable contact of the second interlock switch 13 and the first power analyzer 9 passes through the induction coil of the current transformer 10, and the output end of the current transformer 10 is connected with the second power analyzer 9.
The primary loop also comprises a first linkage switch 11 and a voltmeter 7, wherein a first movable contact of the first linkage switch 11 is connected between the alternating current power supply 4 and the resistor 5, and a second movable contact of the first linkage switch 11 is connected between the alternating current power supply 4 and a second movable contact of the second linkage switch 12;
the first pole of the voltmeter 7 is connected between the voltage regulating end of the voltage regulator 6 and the first movable contact of the second linkage switch 12, and the second pole of the voltmeter 7 is connected between the second movable contact of the first linkage switch 11 and the second movable contact of the second linkage switch 12.
In this embodiment, the transformer model 1 adopts an abystan square ring core model with different seam types.
The invention also provides a method for testing the excitation characteristics of the transformer model, which comprises the following steps:
step one, building the test platform for testing the excitation characteristics of the transformer model.
According to the circuit structure diagram shown in fig. 1, a test platform for testing the excitation characteristics of the transformer model is built. Wherein the first power analyzer 8 is used for measuring the primary winding 2 of the transformer model 1, the second power analyzer 9 is used for measuring the secondary winding 3 of the transformer model 1, and the third linkage switch 13 is used for closing or opening the connection between the secondary winding 3 of the transformer model 1 and the second power analyzer 9.
And step two, verifying a measuring loop of the test platform.
In the step, the measuring loop of the test platform is verified, if the measuring loop is normal, the step III is entered, and if the measuring loop is abnormal, the measuring loop is checked and verified again after the fault is removed until the measuring loop is normal.
The specific operation flow of the measuring loop of the verification test platform is as follows:
the first linkage switch 11 is closed, the second linkage switch 12 is opened, the voltage regulator 6 is boosted, the reading of the voltmeter 7 is checked, and if the reading of the voltmeter 7 is gradually increased, the normal power supply is indicated, and the test can be performed. The voltage regulator 6 is zeroed, the first linkage switch 11 and the second linkage switch 12 are closed, the third linkage switch 13 is opened, the current reading of the first power analyzer 8 is checked, and if the current reading is zero, the measurement loop is normal. The voltage regulator 6 is boosted to the rated voltage of the transformer model 1, current and voltage data acquired by the first power analyzer 8 are recorded, the third linkage switch 13 is closed, current and voltage data acquired by the second power analyzer 9 are recorded, the current and voltage data acquired by the two times are compared, and if the results are the same, the test can be continued.
Wherein the first power analyzer 8 measures current and voltage data of the primary winding 2 of the transformer model 1; the second power analyzer 9 measures voltage data of the secondary winding 3 of the transformer model 1 and current data of the primary winding 2 of the transformer model 1 through the current transformer 10. The number of turns of primary winding 2 and secondary winding 3 of transformer model 1 in this embodiment.
And thirdly, demagnetizing the transformer model.
Before the excitation characteristics of the transformer model are tested, the transformer model 1 needs to be demagnetized, and the specific operation flow is as follows:
the voltage regulator 6 is zeroed, the third linkage switch 13 is opened, the first linkage switch 11 and the second linkage switch 12 are closed, a current input terminal on the first power analyzer 8 is short-circuited, the voltage regulator 6 is boosted, the magnetic density of the iron core of the transformer model 1 reaches more than 2.0T, and then the voltage is gradually reduced to zero. Note that the depressurization should be continuous, smooth and slow.
And step four, closing the first linkage switch, the second linkage switch and the third linkage switch, and measuring and recording exciting current data, voltage waveform data and loss data of the transformer model.
The specific operation of the method is as follows:
closing the first linkage switch 11, the second linkage switch 12 and the third linkage switch 13, regulating the voltage regulator 6 according to the estimated voltage data, gradually boosting, measuring and recording exciting current data, voltage waveform data and loss data of the transformer model 1 by using the first power analyzer 8 and the second power analyzer 9; the estimated voltage data is a threshold voltage at which the core density of the transformer model 1 is 2.0T or more.
According to the average value and the effective value of each voltage point in the boosting process, the distortion rate of the voltage is calculated, and when the waveform coefficient exceeds 1.5%, the boosting is stopped; then gradually reducing the voltage, measuring and recording corresponding voltage points, and examining the repeatability of test data.
Wherein, each voltage point selected in the boosting process should be even, so as to facilitate drawing curves according to the recorded data in the later period.
And fifthly, drawing a magnetization characteristic curve and a loss curve according to the data recorded in the fourth step, and carrying out fitting calculation of loss according to the measured curve data.
In the step, the data recorded in the step four are processed, corresponding tables are respectively counted, a magnetization characteristic curve (B-H curve) and a loss curve (B-P curve) are drawn, and fitting calculation of loss is carried out according to measured curve data.
The test platform for testing the excitation characteristics of the transformer model can measure the no-load loss and no-load current of the transformer model, can analyze the loss distribution characteristics and the excitation characteristics of the transformer core under different joint forms based on the test platform, and can convert the results into the data support for calculating the no-load loss and the no-load current of the transformer through testing the transformer core model.
The test platform for testing the excitation characteristics of the transformer model can test the excitation characteristics of the iron core in the transformer model and can separate the loss of the joint area of the iron core and the loss of the column yoke area; the induction voltage, the exciting current and the corresponding waveforms of the transformer model under different saturation degrees can be measured; the magnetization characteristic curve and the loss curve of the iron core in the transformer model under different saturation conditions can be obtained. The magnetic performance data of the transformer can be obtained through measurement, the electromagnetic performance of the transformer in the actual working state can be truly reflected, and the electromagnetic analysis and the optimal design of the transformer product can be improved.
It should be noted that in this document relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
Finally, it should be noted that: it is apparent that the above examples are only illustrative of the present invention and are not limiting of the embodiments. Other variations or modifications of the above teachings will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. It is not necessary here nor is it exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications thereof are contemplated as falling within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A method for testing excitation characteristics of a transformer model, comprising:
step one, building a test platform, wherein the test platform comprises a transformer model, an alternating current power supply, a resistor, a voltage regulator, a first power analyzer, a second linkage switch, a third linkage switch and a current transformer; the alternating current power supply, the resistor, the voltage regulator, the first power analyzer and the primary winding of the transformer model are sequentially connected in series to form a primary loop, a first movable contact of the second linkage switch is connected between the voltage regulating end of the voltage regulator and the first power analyzer, and a second movable contact of the second linkage switch is connected between the alternating current power supply and the primary winding; the second power analyzer is connected with the secondary winding of the transformer model in series to form a secondary loop, a first movable contact of the third linkage switch is connected between a first pole of the secondary winding and a first pole of the second power analyzer, and a second movable contact of the third linkage switch is connected between a second pole of the secondary winding and a second pole of the second power analyzer; a wire between a first movable contact of the second linkage switch and the first power analyzer passes through an induction coil of the current transformer, and the output end of the current transformer is connected with the second power analyzer;
the primary loop further comprises a first linkage switch and a voltmeter; a first movable contact of the first linkage switch is connected between the alternating current power supply and the resistor, and a second movable contact of the first linkage switch is connected between the alternating current power supply and a second movable contact of the second linkage switch; the first pole of the voltmeter is connected between the voltage regulating end of the voltage regulator and the first movable contact of the second linkage switch, and the second pole of the voltmeter is connected between the second movable contact of the first linkage switch and the second movable contact of the second linkage switch;
the transformer model adopts an Aibostan square ring iron core model with different joint forms;
step two, verifying a measuring loop of the test platform;
step three, carrying out demagnetizing treatment on the transformer model; returning the voltage regulator to zero, opening the third linkage switch, closing the first linkage switch and the second linkage switch, shorting a current input terminal on the first power analyzer, boosting the voltage regulator to enable the magnetic density of an iron core of the transformer model to be more than 2.0T, and then gradually reducing the magnetic density to zero;
step four, closing the first linkage switch, the second linkage switch and the third linkage switch, and measuring and recording exciting current data, voltage waveform data and loss data of the transformer model; closing the first linkage switch, the second linkage switch and the third linkage switch, regulating the voltage regulator according to estimated voltage data, gradually boosting, and measuring and recording exciting current data, voltage waveform data and loss data of the transformer model by using the first power analyzer and the second power analyzer; the estimated voltage data is threshold voltage when the core density of the transformer model reaches more than 2.0T;
and fifthly, drawing a magnetization characteristic curve and a loss curve according to the data recorded in the fourth step, and carrying out fitting calculation of loss according to measured curve data.
2. The method for testing the excitation characteristics of the transformer model according to claim 1, wherein in the second step, the measuring loop of the test platform is verified, if the measuring loop is normal, the step three is entered, and if the measuring loop is abnormal, the measuring loop is checked and re-verified after the fault is removed until the measuring loop is normal.
3. The method for testing excitation characteristics of a transformer model according to claim 2, wherein the second step comprises:
and closing the first linkage switch of the primary loop, opening the second linkage switch, boosting the voltage regulator, checking the reading of the voltmeter in the primary loop, and if the reading of the voltmeter is gradually increased, indicating that the power supply is normal, and performing a test.
4. The method for testing excitation characteristics of a transformer model according to claim 3, wherein the second step further comprises:
returning the voltage regulator to zero, closing the first linkage switch and the second linkage switch, opening the third linkage switch, checking the current reading of the first power analyzer, and if the current reading is zero, indicating that the measuring loop is normal; and step-up the voltage regulator to the rated voltage of the transformer model, recording current and voltage data acquired by the first power analyzer, closing the third linkage switch, recording current and voltage data acquired by the second power analyzer, comparing the current and voltage data acquired twice, and if the results are the same, continuing the test.
5. The method for testing excitation characteristics of a transformer model according to claim 1, wherein the step four further comprises:
according to the average value and the effective value of each voltage point in the boosting process, the distortion rate of the voltage is calculated, and when the waveform coefficient exceeds 1.5%, the boosting is stopped; then gradually reducing the voltage, measuring and recording corresponding voltage points, and examining the repeatability of test data.
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