CN207638010U - Compact variable phase AAE active antenna element - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model announces a kind of compact adjustable phase AAE active antenna element, which includes mainly the antenna oscillator of horizontal direction variable beam width, micro-group fills integrated variable gain power amplifier, variable gain has source receiver, the balun of micro-group dress, micro-group fill duplexer（Micro-group fills filter）, micro loop device, transmitting/receiving channel phase shifter and high-performance hybrid junctioin.The system bulk is small, quality is small, the system is a complete transmitting-receiving subassembly for including antenna oscillator, it can be used for 5G Massive MIMO array antennas, can also individually other wireless transmitting-receiving equipments, the system can significantly improve the volume and weight of array antenna, and maintenance upgrade is easy, technical characterstic and economic benefit with highly significant.

Description

Compact variable phase AAE active antenna element

【Technical field】

The present invention relates to antenna systems, and in particular to a kind of AAE active antenna element technology of compact variable phase, this is System is applicable to large scale array antenna, also can individually be integrated in other miniaturization transceivers, realize miniature requirement.

【Background technology】

The Massive MIMO arrays antenna of the development of wireless communication, especially 5G communication believes traditional antenna and transmitting-receiving Connection partitioning scheme between machine, and new requirement is proposed in terms of volume and weight to transceiver.

At present in wireless communications, transceiver and antenna city detach, and transceiver and antenna are by longer same Shaft cable connects, if the scene that 8 channel antennas are supported if it is current 3G, 4G, due to consideration that weight and heat dissipation, mesh Preceding transceiver（RRU）Most multipotency accomplishes 8 channels, therefore the 8 antenna scenes of 3G, 4G can use the transmitting-receiving in 8 channels to believe Machine（RRU）To provide feed；But if corresponding to 64 × 64MIMO in Massive MIMO, 128 × 128MIMO is reused The transceiver in 8 channels（RRU）The change of feed is solved, at least needs 8 transceivers（RRU）To meet 64 × 64MIMO Scene, 16 transceivers（RRU）To meet 128 × 128MIMO scenes.This just brings Railway Project：

(1) emitting on steel tower does not have enough physical spaces to install so more transceivers；

(2) it due to being related to up to 64, is installed on the tower of 128 coaxial cables, construction is more complicated；

(3) each transceiver（RRU）Position difference to antenna is larger, therefore antenna is to each transceiver（RRU）Between Phase be inconsistent, bigger workload is brought to debugging efforts.

(4) if some a period of time performance in more array antennas is bad, need replacing entire antenna, again with multiple transmitting-receivings Letter machine installation and debugging are safeguarded highly inconvenient.

Therefore, there is an urgent need for the quantity that a kind of array antenna can substantially reduce transceiver, it is each transceiver to be separately optimized Phase characteristic between channel and antenna oscillator, and maintain easily the antenna technology of upgrading.

【Invention content】

The present invention provides a clock compact variable phase AAE active antenna element, forms substantially（See Fig. 1）It is as follows：Level side The antenna oscillator (S001) of the mixed mode predeterminable to lobe width, reflecting plate（S002）, the connector in a period of time to balun （S003）, balun（S004）, coupler（S008）, duplexer（S005, TDD system are filter（S014））, circulator (S006), (S015) is switched, variable gain power amplifier component（S007）, transmission channel phase shifter（S009）, low noise puts Big device (S010), receiving channel phase shifter (S011), transmission channel variable gain amplifier (S012), high performance mixed signal connect The part such as device (S013) and high-performance compound cable is connect to form.

Micro-group therein fills the integrated power amplifier of variable gain（S007）（Fig. 2）Mainly partly led by least one power Body naked core sheet material is constituted, and based on the demand of maximum power output horizontal gain, is divided into primary（S020）, secondary（S026）The end and Grade（S032）Three physical make-up parts increase by one to meet the needs of Larger Dynamic gain specially between primary and secondary Route selecting switchs（S037）, input signal can be made to bypass primary unit, to meet the needs of gain, routing switch （S037）Logic control switch be port 9.To solve the simple type of circuit, matching network is both increased outputting and inputting （S036）And matching network（S035）Ensure that the impedance of input and output is all 50 ohm.In addition primary, secondary and final stage grid Power supply is respectively by port 3,5 feed-in of port 4 and port；Primary, secondary and final stage drain power is respectively by port 6,7 He of port 9 feed-in of port；In input matching network；Wherein input matching network（S036）In also have continuous phase regulatory function, pass through end The voltage values of 10 input of mouth can make the phase of this power amplifier module be maintained at the value that some is needed.

High performance mixed signal connector (S013) and high-performance compound cable (Fig. 3), realize each AAE active antenna element With transceiver（RRU）Between radiofrequency signal, the interconnection of digital controlled signal and power supply signal, high performance mixed signal connection Device（S013）（See Fig. 4）, it is divided into three parts, left end and right end are line high-frequency signals with ground（High speed signal）Area realizes transmitting Channel signal and transceiver（RRU）Interconnection and forward feedback signal and transceiver（RRU）Interconnection, receiving channel signal With transceiver（RRU）Interconnection, reverse feedback signal and transceiver（RRU）Interconnection, to solve the height of this four groups of signals Isolation, other than itself being the coaxial cable of double-level-metal shielding of high-isolation（Fig. 5, compound cable schematic diagram）, then Four groups of ground wires are increased, to ensure that the space of the signal of these four is flowed back, further solve the high shielding of these four signals Property.Intermediate region city controls signal and power supply signal region（Fig. 4）, consider cost, this partly has multiple pins, use it is common Contact pin pin realizes transceiver（RRU）Control to this AAE active antenna element and power feed.

【Description of the drawings】

Fig. 1, a kind of compact variable phase AAE active antenna element system block diagram；

Fig. 2, compact multilevel variable gain power amplifier；

Fig. 3, AAE active antenna element to the connector and combination cable schematic diagram between host;

Fig. 4, integrated hybrid junctioin schematic diagram;

Fig. 5, compound cable schematic diagram;

Fig. 6 integrates micro-group dress power amplifier gain and changes flow；

【Specific implementation mode】

Specific implementation process is described from the transmitting of signal and the reception of signal respectively,

Emission process：From transceiver（RRU）Signal via compound cable（Fig. 5）And high performance connectors（S013）Into Enter the transmission channel to this compact variable phase AAE active antenna element, then via transmission channel phase shifter（S009）, adjustment The phase of transmission channel, adjusted value can pass through the port signal phase information and coupler of transmission channel（S008）Forward direction The difference of the phase information of feedback signal obtains, this is relatively in transceiver（RRU）Middle completion；Then signal enters The variable gain power amplifier filled to micro-group（Fig. 2）, according to the needs of gain height, primary secondary selecting switch（S037）It can To make transmitting signal behavior primary（S020）Or it is secondary（S026）, to the control process of gain, can describe in detail below, Emit signal then into final power semiconductor bare chip group（S032）, then into miniaturization circulator (S006), via miniaturized duplexer（S006, tdd mode are filter S014）, then via for it is preceding to direction controlling need The Miniaturized coupler asked（S008）, feed-in balun（S004）, by the way that connector is miniaturized（S003）, finally emit signal feed-in The antenna oscillator (S001) of the mixed mode predeterminable to horizontal direction lobe width completes the transmitting of transmitting signal.

Herein in the gain control process for briefly describing transmission channel, particular flow sheet is shown in Fig. 6, transmission channel Gain control process passes through switch（S037）Selection is primary（S020）And secondary（S026）It realizes, switch choosing when low gain requires Select secondary（S026）, then it is aided with the Larger Dynamic variation that the grid voltage of cooperation primary and secondary changes to realize gain.

Receive process：Mixed mode antenna oscillator（S001）It is coupled to aerial receiving channel signal, via balun（S004）, Coupler (S008) reaches duplexer（S005, tdd mode are filter S015）, when fdd mode, signal is received directly from double The ports RX of work device enter low-noise amplifier（S010）, and when tdd mode, receive the filtered device of signal（S015）By By circulator（S006）, then via switch（S015）Low-noise amplifier (S010) is entered, this switch（S015）Only connecing When receiving channels operation, reception signal is linked into reception signal, to ensure that the bottom water of making an uproar for receiving signal is flat not because of transmitting signal Introducing and raise.Signal is received from low noise（S010）It is amplified into the phase shifter of receiving channel（S011）, adjusting connects The phase in channel is received, the phase for making receiving channel is consistent with the phase of transmission channel, and the phase of receiving channel obtains point city's coupling Device（S008）Reverse feedback signal and receiving channel output signal.From receiving channel phase shifter（S011）Signal out is again The second level variable gain amplifier of receiving channel is entered, yield value has transceiver（RRU）Control, last receiving channel Output signal and reverse feedback signal pass through hybrid junctioin（S013）With compound cable and transceiver（RRU）Coupling.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of compact variable phase AAE active antenna element, which is characterized in that predeterminable including horizontal direction lobe width The antenna oscillator (S001) of mixed mode, reflecting plate（S002）, the connector in a period of time to balun（S003）, balun（S004）, coupling Clutch（S008）, duplexer（S005, TDD system are filter（S014））, circulator (S006) switchs (S015), variable to increase Beneficial power amplifier component（S007）, transmission channel phase shifter（S009）, low-noise amplifier (S010), receiving channel phase shifter (S011), transmission channel variable gain amplifier (S012), the part such as high performance mixed signal connector (S013) form.

2. a kind of compact variable phase AAE active antenna element according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described is variable Gain power amplifier component（S007）, it is the micro-group dress adjustable gain casacade multi-amplifier system based at least one set of semiconductor bare chip System, the impedance of input and output have been matched 50 ohm, and phase-constant, including rf inputs mouth, input matching network （S036）The impedance of input is matched to 50 ohm, primary secondary semiconductor bare die path selection switch（S037）, access selection open Close the connection wire bonding line (S016, S017) for arriving primary and secondary respectively, primary semiconductor bare chip input matching network （S018）, primary semiconductor bare chip group（S020）, primary semiconductor bare chip export network（S022）, primary matching network with it is primary Wire bonding line between semiconductor bare chip（S019, S021）, the primary wire bonding line for being output to secondary input （S023）, secondary input matching network（S024）, secondary semiconductor bare die group（S026）, secondary output matching network（S028）、 Wire bonding line between secondary matching network and secondary semiconductor bare die（S025, S027）, gold between secondary and final stage Belong to silk bonding line（S029）, final stage input matching network（S030）, final stage semiconductor bare chip group（S032）, final stage output matching Network（S034）, final stage input and output be matched to the wire bonding line between final stage bare chip（S031, S033）, matching network （S035）The impedance of output is matched to 50 Europe, input matching network（S036）Also there is Phase Continuation regulatory function, in addition also wrap Include primary bare chip group, the grid power supply of secondary bare chip group and final stage bare chip group respectively, drain power feed pin.

3. a kind of compact variable phase AAE active antenna element according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described can Changeable phases the phase shifter (S009) of transmission channel phase change and by emitting signal port and feed-forward port Test value relatively realizes that accurate phase is controllable, transmission channel phase shifter（S009）Positioned at the input end position of transmission channel, It is simultaneously to pass through phase shifter in receiving channel in variable phase（S011）Change and by reverse feedback port and receive logical The test value at road junction relatively realizes the controllable precise of phase, receiving channel phase shifter（S011）It is put positioned at receiving channel low noise After big device, also it is consistent with the phase change of transmission channel.

4. a kind of compact variable phase AAE active antenna element according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the antenna Oscillator lobe width in the horizontal direction can be pre-designed, and the benchmark of horizontal lobe has been demarcated at its horizontal baffle Line, convenient for being aligned with the lobe directions in other a period of time.

5. a kind of compact variable phase AAE active antenna element according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the high property It can mixed signal connector（S013）And mixed signal cable, it is that one kind taking into account frequency microwave signal, digital signal and power supply letter Number Hybrid connections device, including more than or equal to four groups radiofrequency signals.

6. a kind of compact variable phase AAE active antenna element according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the high property It can mixed signal connector（S013）, including radiofrequency signal is taken into account, digital signal, the multiport connector of power supply signal and mixing Cable increases a grounding pin, while mixed to solve the shielding problem of high-frequency signal beside each radiofrequency signal pin It closes in cable, increases by an earth cable nearby in the high-frequency signal line for itself having shielded layer, further promote returning for high-frequency signal Flow problem improves the transmission shield effectiveness of high-frequency signal.

7. a kind of compact variable phase AAE active antenna element according to claim 2, which is characterized in that described is first Level semiconductor bare die group, secondary semiconductor bare die group and final stage semiconductor bare chip group, are greater than equal to a kind of semi-conducting material Bare chip group, and the basic bare chip unit number that secondary semiconductor bare die group is included is more than or equal to primary semiconductor bare chip group institute Including basic bare chip unit number, the basic bare chip unit number that final stage semiconductor bare chip group is included is more than or equal to secondary half The basic bare chip unit number that semiconductor die group is included.

8. a kind of compact variable phase AAE active antenna element according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the variable increasing Beneficial power amplifier component（S007）Final stage include final stage semiconductor bare chip group and its input and output matching network, the end Level semiconductor bare die group, which includes at least, is more than or equal to 2 basic bare die unit numbers, and final stage semiconductor bare chip group inputs defeated with final stage Go out matching network and constitutes a kind of power synthetic technique involved below at least one, such as balanced type, balanced type high efficiency Doherty and unbalanced high efficiency Doherty.

9. a kind of compact variable phase AAE active antenna element according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the power Amplifier gain regulatory function is opened by changing primary chip group grid voltage, secondary chip group grid voltage and primary secondary access switching It closes（S037）It is that the grid voltage of reduction primary and secondary respectively is also realized, if primary and secondary grid when reducing gain come what is realized Pressure drop is not met by the requirement of gain reduction as low as the threshold value of grid voltage, then primary secondary Route Selection switch（S037）It disconnects Primary is switched to secondary, and secondary grid voltage changes simultaneously highest, then is adjusted, and is increased if it is gain, if first level Grade Route Selection switch（S037）Original state be directed to primary, secondary disconnects, then only only increasing primary secondary grid Pressure can, if primary secondary Route Selection switch（S037）Original state be directed to secondary, disconnect it is primary, then this When primary secondary Route Selection switch（S037）It is secondary to be switched to disconnection, opens primary, while the grid voltage adjustment of primary and secondary To minimum, then gradually increase.