CN109039420B - High-integration four-channel S-band transceiving component and phased array antenna - Google Patents
High-integration four-channel S-band transceiving component and phased array antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN109039420B CN109039420B CN201810674882.8A CN201810674882A CN109039420B CN 109039420 B CN109039420 B CN 109039420B CN 201810674882 A CN201810674882 A CN 201810674882A CN 109039420 B CN109039420 B CN 109039420B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
- H04B7/15—Active relay systems
- H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
- H04B7/18502—Airborne stations
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/38—Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
- H04B1/40—Circuits
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-integration four-channel S-band transceiving component which comprises a receiving channel, a transmitting channel and an external interface, wherein the receiving channel comprises a matched receiving passage with a branch I, Q, and the transmitting channel comprises a matched transmitting passage with a branch I, Q. The two ports of the receiving and transmitting assembly feed electricity, the circular polarization axial ratio of the antenna can be effectively improved, the receiving and transmitting channels are separated, the receiving and transmitting isolation degree can be improved, the interference between the channels is reduced, and the improvement of the communication capacity of the system is facilitated. Furthermore, the invention also discloses a phased array antenna with the high-integration-level four-channel S-frequency transceiving component, polarization adjustability can be realized by matching with a four-point feed antenna unit, polarization transformation and beam scanning of the phased array antenna are realized by electrically controlled phase shift and branch switching, the aperture surface of the antenna is effectively reduced, and miniaturization design is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of miniaturized dual-band polarization adjustable phased array antennas, and particularly relates to a transmitting and receiving assembly of a phased array antenna which is compatible with two S-band satellite communication systems.
Background
The airborne satellite communication is developed as an emergency communication means, so that the aviation safety and the emergency handling capacity can be effectively improved. The airborne environment provides high requirements for the design of satellite communication antennas, and the miniaturization and compatibility are the problems to be solved firstly under the condition of meeting the requirements of airborne communication capability, electromagnetic compatibility, environmental adaptation and the like.
The communication frequencies of two L-channel and T-channel satellite communication systems (hereinafter, two S-channel and T-channel satellite communication systems) compatible with the S frequency band are similar, and the polarization modes of the L-channel and T-channel antennas are different. As shown in fig. 1, since the operating frequency bands of the two satellite communication systems of L-channel and T-channel are close and cross, there is mutual interference. In the traditional design, two independent mechanical antennas are designed to reduce the hardware design difficulty and are separately installed to avoid mutual interference. However, in view of the high height of the mechanical rotation antenna, a rotation space needs to be reserved, the space occupied by the design on the carrier platform is too large, and the design needs to be modified to adapt to the spatial arrangement of different platforms, so that the flexibility is poor.
The phased array antenna is particularly suitable for an airborne platform as an antenna form which has the characteristics of high tracking speed, good electrical performance, high reliability, convenience in conformal installation with a carrier and the like, and the core of the phased array antenna is a radio frequency receiving and transmitting component. Although the existing phased array antenna can solve the problems of height and rotation space of a mechanical rotation antenna, the problem of system compatibility cannot be solved, and two sets of independent phased array antennas still need to be designed to deal with different satellite communication systems, so that the improvement on space requirements is limited, and the purchase cost is greatly increased.
The invention patent application with the publication number of CN 105450252 discloses a mode reconfigurable S-band transceiving radio frequency component, which comprises a component cavity, a left-handed circularly polarized signal interface, a right-handed circularly polarized signal interface, a receiving signal output port, a transmitting signal input port and a radio frequency circuit, wherein the radio frequency circuit is connected with external equipment through the left-handed circularly polarized signal interface, the right-handed circularly polarized signal interface, the receiving signal output port and the transmitting signal input port. The antenna system can switch channels of the transceiving components used in the active phased array antenna, thereby completing time-sharing communication among different satellites, and assisting the antenna system to realize functions of fast signal tracking, signal switching, signal acquisition, signal transceiving and separation in fixed station, mobile station and portable station antennas. However, the single-point feeding form used in the invention patent can bring a low elevation angle circular polarization axis ratio, and the link switch setting can cause large inter-channel interference, which can have a certain influence on communication quality and reliability.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problem that in the prior art, antennas used by two satellite communication systems compatible with S frequency band are integrated into a compatible antenna to cause mutual interference, and simultaneously, because the polarization modes of two antennas are different, the integrated compatible antenna needs to meet the function of circularly polarized rotation direction adjustment.
The specific technical scheme is as follows:
the invention discloses a high-integration four-channel S-band transceiving component, which comprises a receiving channel, a transmitting channel and an external interface,
the external interface comprises a transmitting channel feed interface, a receiving channel feed interface, a transmitting channel input interface, a receiving channel output interface, an assembly control interface and an assembly power interface; the two feed interfaces of the transmitting channel and the two feed interfaces of the receiving channel are respectively connected with I, Q paths of the transmitting channel or the receiving channel of the external antenna unit; the component power interface is used for externally connecting a power supply; the component control interface is used for externally connecting a control signal of the receiving and transmitting component;
the receiving channel comprises a matched receiving channel with a branch I, Q, an external signal received by the antenna unit enters a I, Q receiving channel through a receiving channel feed interface, and I, Q two paths of received signals are in the I, Q receiving channel, are switched to an L-channel or T-channel branch by a branch switch to be filtered, amplified, phase-modulated and amplitude-modulated, and are finally synthesized into a radio frequency output signal and then output by a receiving channel output interface;
the transmitting channel comprises paired transmitting channels with branches I, Q, radio frequency input signals enter from the transmitting channel input interface, are distributed to the I, Q transmitting channel in equal amplitude and equal phase, and I, Q two-path transmitting channel signals are switched to the L-path or T-path branch by the branch switch to be filtered, amplified, phase modulated and amplitude modulated, and finally are output to the antenna unit through the corresponding transmitting channel feed interface.
As a preferred scheme, in the receiving channel: I. the Q two paths of receiving signals enter a corresponding receiving channel through a duplexer, are filtered through an out-of-band spurious suppression filter, are subjected to phase modulation and amplitude modulation through a vector modulator, are amplified through a low noise amplifier and/or a driving amplifier, and are finally synthesized into a radio frequency output signal through a dividing and dividing combiner to be output; in the emission channel: the radio frequency input signal is divided into two paths of equal-amplitude and equal-phase transmitting signals by a dividing and dividing combiner, filtered by a receiving and blocking filter, subjected to phase modulation and amplitude modulation by a vector modulator, amplified by a power amplifier and/or a driving amplifier, and fed into a corresponding transmitting channel feed interface by a duplexer.
As a preferred scheme, the synthesized radio frequency output signal is output after being amplified by a driving amplifier; the received radio frequency input signal is amplified by the driving amplifier and then distributed in equal amplitude and equal phase.
As a preferred scheme, in the receiving channel: each receiving path comprises a first duplexer, a first primary low noise amplifier, a second primary low noise amplifier, a first out-of-band spurious suppression filter, a second out-of-band spurious suppression filter, a first switch, a second-stage low noise amplifier, a first vector modulator and an output primary driving amplifier; the receiving channel also comprises a first one-to-one two-way combiner and an output final-stage driving amplifier; in the I receiving path, the input end of a first duplexer is connected with the I path of the external antenna unit, and in the Q receiving path, the input end of the first duplexer is connected with the Q path of the external antenna unit; I. a first output end of a first duplexer of the Q receiving path is sequentially connected with a first out-of-band spurious suppression filter and a first primary low-noise amplifier, and a second output end is sequentially connected with a second out-of-band spurious suppression filter and a second primary low-noise amplifier; the output ends of the first primary low-noise amplifier and the second primary low-noise amplifier are sequentially connected with a first selector switch, a secondary low-noise amplifier, a first vector modulator and an output primary driving amplifier; the first input end of the first one-to-one two-way combiner is connected with an I receiving path, the second input end of the first one-to-two-way combiner is connected with a Q receiving path, and the output end of the first one-to-two-way combiner is connected with an output final-stage driving amplifier; the first vector modulator is connected to the component control interface for receiving control signals that adjust the phase and amplitude of the signals.
As a preferred scheme, in the emission channel: each transmitting path comprises an input secondary driving amplifier, a second vector modulator, a second selector switch, a first resistance receiving filter, a second resistance receiving filter, a first power amplifier, a second power amplifier and a second duplexer; the transmitting channel also comprises an input primary driving amplifier and a second dividing and combining device; the input end of the second dividing and dividing combiner is connected with the input primary drive amplifier, the first output end of the second dividing and dividing combiner is connected with the input end of the input secondary drive amplifier of the I transmitting path, and the second output end of the second dividing and dividing combiner is connected with the input end of the input secondary drive amplifier of the Q transmitting path; I. in the Q transmitting path, the input end of the second vector modulator is connected with the output end of the input secondary driving amplifier, and the output end of the second vector modulator is connected with the input end of the second selector switch; the first output end of the second change-over switch is sequentially connected with the first resistance receiving filter and the first power amplifier, and the second output end of the second change-over switch is sequentially connected with the second resistance receiving filter and the second power amplifier; the output ends of the first power amplifier and the second power amplifier are connected with a second duplexer; the second vector modulator is connected to the component control interface for receiving control signals for adjusting the phase and amplitude of the signals.
As a preferred scheme, the branch circuit change-over switch is a microwave switch.
As a preferred scheme, the transmitting channel feed interface and the receiving channel feed interface adopt pluggable radio frequency connectors.
As a preferred scheme, the transceiver module further includes a first heat dissipation device, a second heat dissipation device, and a feed interface layer, where the feed interface layer, the receiving channel, the first heat dissipation device, the transmitting channel, and the second heat dissipation device are sequentially disposed from top to bottom, and the transmitting channel feed interface and the receiving channel feed interface are disposed on the feed interface layer.
As a preferred scheme, the first heat dissipation device and the second heat dissipation device both use heat dissipation cold plates.
I, Q receiving signals enter corresponding receiving paths respectively based on the transceiving components; under the working mode of L-channel, a received signal passes through a first duplexer and is amplified by a first primary low-noise amplifier; in the T-pass working mode, a received signal passes through the first duplexer and is amplified by the second primary low-noise amplifier; the signals of I, Q two receiving channels are finally synthesized into a radio frequency output signal, and the radio frequency output signal is amplified by an output final stage driving amplifier and then output by a receiving channel output interface. The radio frequency input signal enters through the input interface of the transmitting channel, is amplified by the input primary driving amplifier, is distributed to I, Q two transmitting channels in equal amplitude and equal phase through the second one-in-two combiner, and enters the second vector modulator for phase modulation and amplitude modulation after being amplified by the input secondary driving amplifier in the two transmitting channels; in the T-pass working mode, a transmitting pass signal enters the first power amplifier through the second selector switch to be amplified, and then is fed into a corresponding transmitting channel feed interface by the second duplexer to be output; and in the L-pass working mode, the transmitting channel signal enters the second power amplifier through the second switch for amplification, and then is fed into the corresponding transmitting channel feed interface by the second duplexer for output.
The invention also discloses a phased array antenna, which comprises a plurality of antenna units, a receiving and transmitting component correspondingly connected with the antenna units, a receiving signal interface, a transmitting signal interface, an antenna power interface and an antenna control interface; the receiving and transmitting component is a high-integration-level four-channel S-band receiving and transmitting component with the characteristics; the output interface of each receiving channel is combined and then connected with a receiving signal interface, the input interface of each transmitting channel is combined and then connected with a signaling interface, each component power interface is connected to an antenna power interface, each component control interface is connected to an antenna control interface, and the components are connected with external equipment through the antenna power interface and the antenna control interface.
As a preferred scheme, the antenna unit is a four-point feed antenna unit, the feed interface of the transceiving component is directly connected with the feed interface of the four-point feed antenna unit, and the adjustable circular polarization is realized by matching with the feed amplitude and phase control of the transceiving component, so that different requirements of the L-pass and the T-pass on the circular polarization rotation direction are compatible.
Has the advantages that:
(1) the receiving and transmitting component feed interface layer is connected with a four-point feed antenna unit of the phased array antenna and is matched with feed amplitude-phase control of the receiving and transmitting component, namely, the function of adjusting circular polarization is realized, and different requirements of L-pass and T-pass on circular polarization rotation direction are met.
(2) Compared with single-port feed, the two-port feed of the transmitting/receiving antenna can effectively improve the circular polarization axial ratio of the antenna, and the receiving and transmitting channels are separated, so that the receiving and transmitting isolation can be improved, the interference between the channels can be reduced, and the communication capability of the system can be improved.
(3) Through the position distribution optimization design of the chip and the transmitting/receiving port in the receiving/transmitting assembly PCB and the interpenetration wiring of the high-frequency multilayer mixed pressing plate, the radio frequency connector can be directly connected with the feed point of the antenna unit, the feed structure is simplified, and the additional insertion loss caused by the lead-in cable is avoided.
(4) Polarization transformation and beam scanning of the phased array antenna are achieved through electric control phase shift and branch switching, meanwhile, the opening surface of the antenna is effectively reduced, and miniaturization design is achieved.
(5) The two satellite communication systems are matched with corresponding resistance receiving filters through switching of the transmitting branch switches, so that the transmitting and receiving isolation of the components is effectively improved, and the full-duplex working requirements of the communication systems are met; by matching the receiving branch circuit change-over switch with the corresponding out-of-band spurious suppression filter, the out-of-band spurious of the component is effectively suppressed, and the stable work of the communication system is guaranteed.
(6) The characteristics of two satellite communication systems of S frequency band are fully considered, the miniaturization design principle is considered, the design of transmitting and receiving sharing, polarization adjustability, channel multiplexing and the like is used, the complexity of a transmitting and receiving assembly is reduced, the structure is simple, the realization is easy, the weight is light, and the requirement on installation is effectively reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a T-channel and L-channel system transmitting/receiving frequency band in the prior art (TT: T-channel transmitting frequency band; LR: L-channel receiving frequency band; TR: T-channel receiving frequency band; LT: L-channel transmitting frequency band);
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a transceiver module in embodiment 1;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the feed of the transceiver module to the antenna in embodiment 1, (TI 1: antenna element transmit path I path, (TQ 1: antenna element transmit path Q path), (RI 1: antenna element receive path I path, (RQ 1: antenna element receive path Q path)
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a receiving channel of the transceiver module in embodiment 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a transmitting channel of the transceiver module in embodiment 1;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the phased array antenna in embodiment 2;
illustration of the graphical identification:
in fig. 1: 1-a feed interface layer, 2-a receiving channel, 3-a receiving channel cold plate, 4-an emitting channel and 5-an emitting channel cold plate; 27-transmitting channel feed interface, 28-receiving channel feed interface, 29-transmitting channel input interface, 30-receiving channel output interface, 31-component power interface, 32-component control interface and 33-upper shielding box cover;
in fig. 4: 6-receiving path duplexer, 7-L receiving branch primary low noise amplifier, 8-L receiving branch band-outside spurious suppression filter, 9-T receiving branch primary low noise amplifier, 10-T receiving branch band-outside spurious suppression filter, 11-T receiving/L receiving branch switching switch, 12-receiving path secondary low noise amplifier, 13-receiving path vector modulator, 14-receiving path output primary driving amplifier, 15-receiving path one-to-two combiner and 16-receiving path output final driving amplifier;
in fig. 5: 17-transmitting channel input primary driving amplifier, 18-transmitting channel one-division-two-way combiner, 19-transmitting channel input secondary driving amplifier, 20-transmitting channel vector modulator and 21-T channel/L channel transmitting branch selector switch; a 22-T-pass transmitting branch circuit receiving and blocking filter, a 23-T-pass transmitting branch circuit power amplifier, a 24-L-pass transmitting branch circuit receiving and blocking filter, a 25-L-pass transmitting branch circuit power amplifier and a 26-transmitting path duplexer;
in fig. 6: 34-antenna array, 35-receiving component module, 36-receiving component cold plate, 37-sending component module, 38-sending component cold plate, 39-beam control and power supply module, 40-receiving signal interface, 41-antenna power supply interface, 42-antenna control interface and 43-signaling interface.
Detailed Description
The invention is further explained below with reference to the drawings and the embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, in the prior art, the receiving and transmitting frequency bands of the two satellite communication systems of the L-channel and the T-channel are close and cross each other, which may generate interference to the corresponding receiving channels (including signals leaking to the L-channel receiving frequency band during the T-channel transmission, and signals leaking to the T-channel receiving frequency band during the L-channel transmission), and these interference signals need to be effectively filtered to avoid the mutual interference of the two systems.
As shown in fig. 2, embodiment 1 discloses a phased array antenna transceiver module (hereinafter referred to as a transceiver module), which mainly includes a feed interface layer 1, a receiving channel 2, a receiving channel cold plate 3, a transmitting channel 4, a transmitting channel cold plate 5, and an external interface, where the external interface mainly includes a transmitting channel feed interface 27, a receiving channel feed interface 28, a transmitting channel input interface 29, a receiving channel output interface 30, a module power interface 31, and a module control interface 32. The transmitting channel feed interface 27 and the receiving channel feed interface 28 are used for connecting with the antenna unit of the phased array antenna, the transmitting channel input interface 29 is a transmitting signal input interface of the transceiving component, the receiving channel output interface 30 is a receiving signal output interface of the transceiving component, the component power interface 31 is used for external power supply, and the component control interface 32 is used for external control signal of the transceiving component. The transmitting and receiving assembly is mainly used for a T-connection/L-connection satellite communication system phased array antenna, mutual compatibility of two systems is achieved, the space requirement of a carrier platform is reduced, cost is reduced, and the adaptability is improved.
The overall appearance of the transceiving component is about a cuboid structure with the length of 60mm, the width of 60mm and the height of 30 mm. The concrete structural arrangement is as follows: the feed interface layer 1 mainly comprises an upper shielding box cover 33, and the transmitting channel feed interface 27 and the receiving channel feed interface 28 are arranged outside the upper shielding box cover 33. The transmitting channel feed interface 27 has two radio frequency connectors which are respectively connected with I, Q two transmitting paths of the transmitting channel of the antenna unit; the receiving channel feed interface 28 has two rf connectors, which are respectively connected to I, Q two receiving paths of the receiving channel of the antenna unit. The transmission channel feed interface 27 and the reception channel feed interface 28 are pluggable radio frequency connectors. Receiving channel 2 that is located feed interface layer 1 hugs closely receiving channel cold plate 3, and the conduction of generating heat a small amount to the lateral wall through cold plate 3 avoids the inside heat gathering of module. The transmitting channel 4 positioned below the receiving channel cold plate 3 is tightly attached to the transmitting channel cold plate 5, and the heat generated by the power amplifier is emitted through the transmitting channel cold plate 5.
As shown in fig. 3, the total number of feeding points from the transceiver module to the antenna unit is four, where the transmission channel feeding interface 27 includes two adjacent rf connectors, and feeds the antenna unit to form a desired circular polarization rotation direction by controlling the phase difference between two transmission paths; the receive channel feed interface 28 comprises two adjacent rf taps for feeding the antenna elements to form the desired circular polarization by controlling the phase difference between the two receive paths.
As shown in fig. 4, the receiving channel 2 is formed by a mating receiving path with branches I, Q. It should be noted that the pairing here refers to pairing use, the device composition is similar, and the type and arrangement are substantially the same, so the I receiving path is taken as an example for description here. In the L-channel working mode, a receiving signal enters an L-channel receiving branch through a receiving channel duplexer 6, is amplified through a primary low noise amplifier 7 of the L-channel receiving branch, and then is subjected to out-of-band rejection improvement by an L-channel receiving branch out-of-band spurious suppression filter 8; in the T-pass working mode, a receiving signal enters a T-pass receiving branch through a receiving path duplexer 6, is amplified by a primary low noise amplifier 9 of the T-pass receiving branch, and then is subjected to out-of-band spurious suppression by a T-pass receiving branch out-of-band spurious suppression filter 10 to improve the out-of-band suppression capability of the component; the T-channel/L-channel receiving branch switch 11 is used for switching the working mode, a received signal enters the receiving channel vector modulator 13 through the receiving channel secondary low noise amplifier 12, a control signal is issued by an external beam control module (not in the scope of the present invention), the phase and amplitude of each channel of the receiving/transmitting component are controlled by the component control interface 32, the received signal is attenuated by the receiving channel vector modulator 13, then is amplified by the receiving channel output primary driving amplifier 14 and enters the receiving channel one-two-way combiner 15, the I, Q two-channel received signals (corresponding to the receiving channel 1 and the receiving channel 2 in the figure) are finally combined into one channel, and finally are output by the receiving channel output final driving amplifier 16. The circuit structure of the receiving channel 2 in fig. 4 is the same as that of the receiving channel 1, so the representation is simplified.
As shown in fig. 5, the transmission channel 4 is formed by paired transmission channels with branches I, Q, a radio frequency input signal is input to the primary driver amplifier 17 via the transmission channel for amplification, and is distributed to I, Q two transmission channels (corresponding to the transmission channel 1 and the transmission channel 2 in the figure) with equal amplitude and equal phase through the transmission channel division/division combiner 18, wherein a single transmission signal is input to the secondary driver amplifier 19 via the transmission path for entering the transmission path vector modulator 20, and a control signal is issued via the wave control component control interface 32 for controlling the phase and amplitude of the path, so as to implement polarization adjustment and beam scanning together with other paths. In the T-pass operating mode, a transmission signal enters the T-pass transmission branch circuit blocking filter 22 through the T-pass/L-pass transmission branch circuit changeover switch 21 to reduce the interference of out-of-band noise to the reception branch circuit, and then is fed into a corresponding transmission antenna unit through the T-pass transmission branch circuit power amplifier 23 and a subsequent transmission path duplexer 26; in the L-pass operating mode, the transmitting signal enters the L-pass transmitting branch transceiver filter 24 through the T-pass/L-pass transmitting branch switch 21 to reduce the interference of out-of-band noise to the receiving branch, and then passes through the L-pass transmitting branch power amplifier 25 and the subsequent transmitting branch duplexer 26, and then is fed into the corresponding transmitting antenna unit through the transmitting channel feeder interface 27. The circuit structure of the transmission channel 2 in fig. 5 is the same as that of the transmission channel 1, so the representation is simplified.
It should be noted that, there are two branches in each of the I, Q paths, and the branches are used for switching filtering and amplification of the branch corresponding to the L-pass or T-pass operating mode. After the corresponding branch is switched to be L-pass/T-pass, the I/Q path feeds the antenna element with a phase leading or lagging by 90 DEG to form left/right hand circular polarization. In the L-pass or T-pass mode, the two modes mainly have different corresponding frequency bands in the channel, the corresponding amplifier selection should ensure the best performance in the frequency band of the corresponding operating mode, and the filter passband should correspond to the corresponding frequency band.
The feed interface layer of the transceiving component can be directly connected with the feed point of the four-point feed antenna unit, and the adjustable circular polarization can be realized by matching with the feed amplitude-phase control of the transceiving component, so that different requirements of L-channel and T-channel on the circular polarization rotation direction are compatible. In addition, in embodiment 1, the layout of the PCB chip of the transceiver module is optimally designed according to the position distribution of the transceiver interface, so that the rf connector is directly connected to the feeding point of the antenna unit, the feeding structure is simplified, and the additional insertion loss of the incoming cable is avoided.
According to the array comprehensive theory of the phased array antenna, a wave beam can be formed in the using direction by reasonably controlling the phase delay and amplitude attenuation of each receiving and transmitting component channel (each channel of the receiving and transmitting component), the wave beam scanning in a certain range is realized by changing the phase delay and the amplitude attenuation, the aperture surface of the antenna is effectively reduced, and the miniaturization design is realized.
In actual work, the four-channel S-band transceiving component disclosed by the invention effectively reduces the volume, improves the universality and the reliability, reduces the research and development manufacturing cost and ensures that the compatibility of the four-channel S-band transceiving component to different communication systems is the guarantee for improving the emergency communication capability of an airborne platform by aiming at the communication requirements and the installation and use environments of an airborne platform phased array antenna to two satellite communication systems through design methods such as optimized layout, transceiving sharing, polarization adjustability, channel multiplexing and the like under the condition of meeting the requirements of communication electrical performance indexes.
The receiving and transmitting assembly has the characteristics of miniaturization, high compatibility, high reliability and the like, and the phased array antenna adopting the receiving and transmitting assembly is mainly designed aiming at the airborne platform optimization, so that the communication performance of the airborne platform can be effectively improved.
As shown in fig. 6, embodiment 2 discloses a phased array antenna, which has an overall structure that: the antenna array 34, the receiving component module 35, the receiving component cold plate 36, the sending component module 37, the sending component cold plate 38, and the beam control and power supply module 39, and the external interface mainly includes a receiving signal interface 40, a signaling signal interface 43, an antenna power supply interface 41, and an antenna control interface 42.
The antenna is mainly composed of nine transceiver modules as described in embodiment 1. Specifically, the antenna array 34 mainly includes nine identical four-point feed antenna units and corresponding feed interface layers 1; the receiving module 35 is composed of nine mutually independent receiving channels 2, and nine receiving channel output interfaces 30 are combined and then connected to the receiving signal interface 40; the transmitting module 37 consists of nine mutually independent transmitting channels 4, and nine transmitting channel input interfaces 29 are combined and then connected to the signaling interface 43; in order to ensure heat dissipation performance, the cold plate 36 of the receiving assembly and the cold plate 38 of the sending assembly are integrally processed; the component power interfaces 31 and the component control interfaces 32 of the nine transceiver components are all connected to the beam steering and power supply module 39 through internal cables and are connected to external devices through the antenna power interface 41 and the antenna control interface 42.
Compared with the traditional phased array antenna, the phased array antenna can realize the function of time-sharing switching of the L-channel/T-channel working mode under similar sizes, has higher circular polarization axial ratio and stronger clutter suppression, realizes higher low elevation gain under the design of a low section, and effectively ensures stable communication connection of a communication system. Meanwhile, the antenna is flexible in design, different numbers of transceiving component modules can be matched according to index requirements, and the module compatibility is high.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments and application fields, and the above-described embodiments are illustrative, instructive, and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art, having the benefit of this disclosure, may effect numerous modifications thereto without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A high-integration four-channel S-band transceiver component is characterized by comprising a receiving channel, a transmitting channel and an external interface,
the external interface comprises a transmitting channel feed interface, a receiving channel feed interface, a transmitting channel input interface, a receiving channel output interface, an assembly control interface and an assembly power interface; the two feed interfaces of the transmitting channel and the two feed interfaces of the receiving channel are respectively connected with I, Q paths of the transmitting channel or the receiving channel of the external antenna unit; the component power interface is used for externally connecting a power supply; the component control interface is used for externally connecting a control signal of the receiving and transmitting component;
the receiving channel comprises a matched receiving channel with a branch I, Q, an external signal received by the antenna unit enters a I, Q receiving channel through a receiving channel feed interface, and I, Q two paths of received signals are in the I, Q receiving channel, are switched to an L-channel or T-channel branch by a branch switch to be filtered, amplified, phase-modulated and amplitude-modulated, and are finally synthesized into a radio frequency output signal and then output by a receiving channel output interface;
the transmitting channel comprises paired transmitting channels with branches I, Q, radio frequency input signals enter from the transmitting channel input interface, are distributed to the I, Q transmitting channel in equal amplitude and equal phase, I, Q two-path transmitting channel signals are switched to the L-path or T-path branch by the branch switch to be filtered, amplified, phase modulated and amplitude modulated, and finally are output to the antenna unit through the corresponding transmitting channel feed interface;
in the receiving channel: each receiving path comprises a first duplexer, a first primary low noise amplifier, a second primary low noise amplifier, a first out-of-band spurious suppression filter, a second out-of-band spurious suppression filter, a first switch, a second-stage low noise amplifier, a first vector modulator and an output primary driving amplifier; the receiving channel also comprises a first one-to-one two-way combiner and an output final-stage driving amplifier; in the I receiving path, the input end of a first duplexer is connected with the I path of the external antenna unit, and in the Q receiving path, the input end of the first duplexer is connected with the Q path of the external antenna unit; I. a first output end of a first duplexer of the Q receiving path is sequentially connected with a first out-of-band spurious suppression filter and a first primary low-noise amplifier, and a second output end is sequentially connected with a second out-of-band spurious suppression filter and a second primary low-noise amplifier; the output ends of the first primary low-noise amplifier and the second primary low-noise amplifier are sequentially connected with a first selector switch, a secondary low-noise amplifier, a first vector modulator and an output primary driving amplifier; the first input end of the first one-to-one two-way combiner is connected with an I receiving path, the second input end of the first one-to-two-way combiner is connected with a Q receiving path, and the output end of the first one-to-two-way combiner is connected with an output final-stage driving amplifier; the first vector modulator is connected with the component control interface and used for receiving control signals for adjusting the phase and amplitude of the signals;
in the emission channel: each transmitting path comprises an input secondary driving amplifier, a second vector modulator, a second selector switch, a first resistance receiving filter, a second resistance receiving filter, a first power amplifier, a second power amplifier and a second duplexer; the transmitting channel also comprises an input primary driving amplifier and a second dividing and combining device; the input end of the second dividing and dividing combiner is connected with the input primary drive amplifier, the first output end of the second dividing and dividing combiner is connected with the input end of the input secondary drive amplifier of the I transmitting path, and the second output end of the second dividing and dividing combiner is connected with the input end of the input secondary drive amplifier of the Q transmitting path; I. in the Q transmitting path, the input end of the second vector modulator is connected with the output end of the input secondary driving amplifier, and the output end of the second vector modulator is connected with the input end of the second selector switch; the first output end of the second change-over switch is sequentially connected with the first resistance receiving filter and the first power amplifier, and the second output end of the second change-over switch is sequentially connected with the second resistance receiving filter and the second power amplifier; the output ends of the first power amplifier and the second power amplifier are connected with a second duplexer; the second vector modulator is connected to the component control interface for receiving control signals for adjusting the phase and amplitude of the signals.
2. The S-band transceiver component of claim 1,
in the receiving channel: I. the Q two paths of receiving signals enter a corresponding receiving channel through a duplexer, are filtered through an out-of-band spurious suppression filter, are subjected to phase modulation and amplitude modulation through a vector modulator, are amplified through a low noise amplifier and/or a driving amplifier, and are finally synthesized into a radio frequency output signal through a dividing and dividing combiner to be output; in the emission channel: the radio frequency input signal is divided into two paths of equal-amplitude and equal-phase transmitting signals by a dividing and dividing combiner, filtered by a receiving and blocking filter, subjected to phase modulation and amplitude modulation by a vector modulator, amplified by a power amplifier and/or a driving amplifier, and fed into a corresponding transmitting channel feed interface by a duplexer.
3. The S-band transceiver module of claim 1, wherein the combined rf output signal is amplified by a driver amplifier and output; the received radio frequency input signal is amplified by the driving amplifier and then distributed in equal amplitude and equal phase.
4. The S-band transceiver module of claim 1 wherein said branch switch is a microwave switch.
5. The S-band transceiver module of claim 1, wherein said transmit path feed interface and said receive path feed interface are pluggable rf connectors.
6. The S-band transceiver component of claim 1, further comprising a first heat sink, a second heat sink, and a feed interface layer, wherein the feed interface layer, the receive channel, the first heat sink, the transmit channel, and the second heat sink are sequentially disposed from top to bottom, and the transmit channel feed interface and the receive channel feed interface are disposed on the feed interface layer.
7. The S-band transceiver module of claim 6, wherein the first and second heat sinks are each a heat sink.
8. A phased array antenna is characterized by comprising a plurality of antenna units, a transceiving component correspondingly connected with the antenna units, a signal receiving interface, a signal transmitting interface, an antenna power supply interface and an antenna control interface; the transceiver module is the high-integration four-channel S-band transceiver module of any one of claims 1 to 7; the output interface of each receiving channel is combined and then connected with a receiving signal interface, the input interface of each transmitting channel is combined and then connected with a signaling interface, each component power interface is connected to an antenna power interface, each component control interface is connected to an antenna control interface, and the components are connected with external equipment through the antenna power interface and the antenna control interface.
9. The phased array antenna of claim 8, wherein the antenna element is a four-point feed antenna element, the feed interface of the transceiver component is directly connected with the feed interface of the four-point feed antenna element, and the adjustable circular polarization is realized by matching with the feed amplitude and phase control of the transceiver component, so as to be compatible with different requirements of L-pass and T-pass on the circular polarization rotation direction.
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| CN109951987B (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2021-01-15 | 武汉光迅科技股份有限公司 | Compact pluggable control unit structure |
| CN111130587A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-05-08 | 上海大际电子科技有限公司 | Novel SC frequency channel broadband TR subassembly |
| CN113253210B (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-10-01 | 成都雷通科技有限公司 | Full-digital frequency-shift phase-shift large instantaneous broadband phased array and method |
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