CN113904646A - Low-power-consumption broadband passive phase shifter and phased array device - Google Patents
Low-power-consumption broadband passive phase shifter and phased array device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113904646A CN113904646A CN202111502851.2A CN202111502851A CN113904646A CN 113904646 A CN113904646 A CN 113904646A CN 202111502851 A CN202111502851 A CN 202111502851A CN 113904646 A CN113904646 A CN 113904646A
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- phase shifter
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
- H03H7/00—Multiple-port networks comprising only passive electrical elements as network components
- H03H7/18—Networks for phase shifting
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
- H01P1/18—Phase-shifters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
- H01Q3/34—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of integrated circuits, and particularly relates to a low-power-consumption broadband passive phase shifter and a phased array device. According to the invention, two passive phase shifters covering the dual-frequency bands of 29-30 GHz and 18-20.5 GHz are integrated into one circuit, and the two frequency bands are switched by using a switch, so that the problem of broadband coverage is solved, and the characteristics of low power consumption and small size of a chip are realized, so that the service time of a battery can be prolonged, and the load of an unmanned aerial vehicle is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of integrated circuits, and particularly relates to a low-power-consumption broadband passive phase shifter and a phased array device.
Background
In recent years, small and medium-sized unmanned aerial vehicles develop rapidly, such as express transportation unmanned aerial vehicles, forest fire-fighting unmanned aerial vehicles, scientific investigation unmanned aerial vehicles and the like. The flight radius of the unmanned aerial vehicle can reach dozens of kilometers and hundreds of kilometers, the control instruction only depends on a ground signal blind area to be large, and if real-time long-distance image transmission is required, the unmanned aerial vehicle is realized through a satellite communication system to be the most appropriate means.
Real-time image transmission needs a broadband data transceiving function, an omnidirectional antenna is difficult to realize high power, a communication-in-motion antenna is more suitable to use, and a wave beam of the antenna can point to a satellite direction all the time. Traditional vehicle-mounted and ship-mounted communication-in-motion antennas are mainly mechanical, but the weight and the volume are not suitable for airborne scenes. Therefore, the airborne scene mainly uses a phased array communication-in-motion antenna, the size is small, the wave beams are phased and adjusted, a mechanical structure is not needed, and the weight is light.
The phased array antenna changes the shape of a directional diagram by controlling the feeding phase of a radiation unit in the array antenna, the maximum direction of the directional diagram of the antenna can be changed by controlling the phase, the purpose of beam scanning is achieved, and parameters such as side lobe level, minimum value position and the like can also be controlled by weighting optimization. The satellites move rapidly on the orbit constantly, the phased array antenna can keep tracking and can quickly switch from tracking one satellite to another.
The semiconductor phase shifter is an important component in a phased array system, is a device capable of changing the phase of a radio frequency signal, and the performance of the semiconductor phase shifter directly influences the performance of the whole system. In the early development stage of microwave and millimeter wave integrated circuits, the III-V family process represented by gallium arsenide is a main application technology in the field of high-frequency circuit design, but due to the complex process, the productivity of the process is unstable, and the cost is high. The silicon-based process has the advantages of low cost, high integration level and the like, along with the gradual reduction of the feature size, the working frequency and the radio frequency performance of the device are greatly improved, and the silicon-based process is increasingly used for manufacturing radio frequency integrated circuits.
The semiconductor phase shifter adopts a passive structure, has a simple circuit and a small size, can bidirectionally propagate signals, does not consume direct current power consumption, and is suitable for the scenes of unmanned aerial vehicles with special requirements on size and power consumption. But the disadvantage of the active phase shifter is that the bandwidth is narrow, and it is difficult to cover the broadband application, especially in the 26.5-40 GHz band where the broadband satellite communication is located.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a low-power-consumption broadband passive phase shifter and a phased array device, wherein two passive phase shifters covering dual frequency bands of 29-30 GHz and 18-20.5 GHz are mainly integrated into one circuit, and a switch is used for realizing switching of the two frequency bands, so that the problem of broadband coverage can be solved.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a low-power-consumption broadband passive phase shifter comprises a plurality of phase shifting sub-units which are sequentially connected in series, wherein each phase shifting sub-unit comprises a first switch, a second switch, a third switch, a fourth switch, a first inductor, a second inductor, a third inductor, a fourth inductor, a first capacitor and a second capacitor; one end of the first switch is connected with one end of the first inductor to serve as one end of the phase shifting subunit, and the other end of the first switch is connected with one end of the fourth inductor to serve as the other end of the phase shifting subunit; the other end of the first inductor is connected with one end of the second switch and one end of the second inductor; the other end of the second inductor is connected with one end of the first capacitor, one end of the second capacitor and one end of the third inductor; the other end of the first capacitor is grounded after passing through the third switch, and the other end of the second capacitor is grounded after passing through the fourth switch; the other end of the third inductor is connected with the other end of the second switch and the other end of the fourth inductor; the phase-shifting subunits cover two frequency bands of 29-30 GHz and 18-20.5 GHz.
Further, the phase shift precision of the passive phase shifter corresponds to the number of the phase shift subunits.
Further, the passive phase shifter has 2-bit precision, and the number of the phase shifting sub-units is 2, namely 180 ° phase shifting amount and 90 ° phase shifting amount respectively.
Further, if the passive phase shifter has 5-bit precision, the number of the phase shifting subunits is 5, which are 180 °, 90 °, 45 °, 22.5 ° and 12.5 ° phase shifting amounts, respectively.
A phased array device comprises a channel controller, a power divider/power combiner module and a plurality of phased array channels, wherein each phased array channel is respectively connected with the channel controller and the power divider/power combiner module; the phased array channel comprises a phased array antenna module, a first single-pole double-throw switch, a second single-pole double-throw switch, a low-noise amplifier, a power amplifier and a phase shifter; the phased array antenna module is connected with a first end of a first single-pole double-throw switch, a second end of the first single-pole double-throw switch is connected with an input end of a low-noise amplifier, and a third end of the first single-pole double-throw switch is connected with an output end of a power amplifier; the output end of the low-noise amplifier is connected with the second end of the second single-pole double-throw switch, the input end of the power amplifier is connected with the third end of the second single-pole double-throw switch, the first end of the second single-pole double-throw switch is connected with one end of a phase shifter, and the other end of the phase shifter is connected with the power divider/power combiner module; the channel controller is used for receiving an external control signal and sending the control signal to each phased array channel so as to control the single-pole double-throw switch and the phase shifter in the phased array channels; the first end of the first single-pole double-throw switch and the first end of the second single-pole double-throw switch are enabled ends, and the other two ends are fixed ends; the phase shifter is any low-power-consumption broadband passive phase shifter in the scheme.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, two passive phase shifters covering the dual-frequency bands of 29-30 GHz and 18-20.5 GHz are integrated into one circuit, and the two frequency bands are switched by using a switch, so that the problem of broadband coverage is solved, and the characteristics of low power consumption and small size of a chip are realized, so that the service time of a battery can be prolonged, and the load of an unmanned aerial vehicle is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a phased array device.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a dual-frequency multiplexing passive phase shifter.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the structure of the phased array device is schematically illustrated.
Wherein 201 is a channel, which includes modules such as an antenna, a single pole double throw Switch (SPDT), a Low Noise Amplifier (LNA), a Power Amplifier (PA), a Phase Shifter (Phase Shifter), and the like, and a wire connecting the modules.
203 is a channel controller module, which receives a control signal 210 and then sends a signal 211 to each channel to control a phase shifter or a single-pole double-throw switch, etc. The frequency of the control signal is typically less than 50MHz, the amplitude is between ground and the supply voltage, and the duty cycle is typically 50%.
204 is a phased array antenna module that converts electrical signals on a transmission line into electromagnetic waves that propagate in space, or vice versa, for both transmission and reception, saving space. The antenna module mainly considers signal amplitude, phase distribution and unit impedance, the size is determined by a width value and a side lobe when the beam width is the narrowest, the phase distribution is determined by the beam, and the frequency covers two frequency bands of 29-30 GHz and 18-20.5 GHz when broadband satellite communication is carried out.
205 is a single pole double throw switch module, consisting of semiconductor transistors, passive devices and transmission lines, which can control the input signal output from two different directions, thus separating the transmission and reception processes from time.
206 is a low noise amplifier module, which is an amplifier with very low noise coefficient, and is placed at the back stage of the receiving end of the phased array antenna, and can amplify weak received signals to improve the output signal-to-noise ratio.
207 is a power amplifier module which converts the power of the power supply into power varying with the input signal by using the amplification of the semiconductor transistor, and is disposed at the last stage of the transmitting end of the phased array antenna to amplify the input signal to the required power for output.
208 and 205 are identical.
202 is a power divider/power combiner module, where the power divider divides one input signal energy into two or more paths for output, and in turn combines the multiple signal energies into one output, which is a power combiner. The power divider/power combiner is divided into an active type and a passive type, generally, each branch has attenuation of several dB, and the signal frequency and the attenuation are different.
Fig. 2 is a low power consumption broadband passive phase shifter structure described in the present invention.
The passive phase shifter is composed of a plurality of phase shifting sub-units, wherein each sub-unit comprises 4L 1-L4 inductors, 4 switches S1-S4 and 2 capacitors C1-C2. The input and output ports are P1 and P2, which can be interchanged.
The passive phase shifter determines the number of the phase shifting subunits to be used according to the phase shifting precision, if the passive phase shifter has 2-bit precision, 2 subunits are needed, and 180-degree phase shifting quantities and 90-degree phase shifting quantities are needed respectively; if the precision is 5 bits, the phase shift amounts are respectively 180 degrees, 90 degrees, 45 degrees, 22.5 degrees and 12.5 degrees, and each subunit covers two frequency bands of 29-30 GHz and 18-20.5 GHz.
The phase shift subunit is exemplified by a 180-degree phase shift amount, when a signal works in a frequency band of 18-20.5 GHz, the S1, S2 and S4 switches are in an off state, and the S3 switches are in an on state. At this time, L1~ L4 are connected in series, and the signal is transmitted from L1 to L4 or from L4 to L1, and the capacitance C1 participates in impedance matching. When the signal works in the frequency band of 29-30 GHz, the S1 and S3 switches are in an off state, and the S2 and S4 switches are in an on state. At this time, L1 and L4 are in series, L2 and L3 are short-circuited, and a signal is transmitted from L1 to L4 or from L4 to L1, while capacitor C2 participates in impedance matching. When the switch S1 is turned on, the signal is in a through state in both frequency bands regardless of whether the remaining switches are turned on, and the amount of phase shift is 0 °.
The inductance value calculation formula is as follows:
L2=Z0*tan(|φ/2|)*(ω2-ω1)/( ω2*ω1)
L1=Z0*tan(|φ/2|)/ω2
where Z0 is a characteristic impedance, typically 50 or 75 ohms; phi is the phase shift quantity; ω 1 and ω 2 represent the center frequency points of the first and second frequency bands of operation, respectively.
Claims (5)
1. A low-power-consumption broadband passive phase shifter is characterized by comprising a plurality of phase shifting sub-units which are sequentially connected in series, wherein each phase shifting sub-unit comprises a first switch, a second switch, a third switch, a fourth switch, a first inductor, a second inductor, a third inductor, a fourth inductor, a first capacitor and a second capacitor; one end of the first switch is connected with one end of the first inductor to serve as one end of the phase shifting subunit, and the other end of the first switch is connected with one end of the fourth inductor to serve as the other end of the phase shifting subunit; the other end of the first inductor is connected with one end of the second switch and one end of the second inductor; the other end of the second inductor is connected with one end of the first capacitor, one end of the second capacitor and one end of the third inductor; the other end of the first capacitor is grounded after passing through the third switch, and the other end of the second capacitor is grounded after passing through the fourth switch; the other end of the third inductor is connected with the other end of the second switch and the other end of the fourth inductor; the phase-shifting subunits cover two frequency bands of 29-30 GHz and 18-20.5 GHz.
2. A low-power-consumption broadband passive phase shifter according to claim 1, wherein the phase shift precision of the passive phase shifter corresponds to the number of phase shift sub-units.
3. A low power consumption broadband passive phase shifter according to claim 2, wherein the passive phase shifter is 2 bit accurate, and the number of phase shifting sub-units is 2, and 180 ° and 90 ° phase shifting phasors, respectively.
4. A low-power consumption broadband passive phase shifter according to claim 3, wherein if the passive phase shifter is 5-bit accurate, the number of phase shifting sub-units is 5, which are 180 °, 90 °, 45 °, 22.5 ° and 12.5 ° phase shifting amounts, respectively.
5. A phased array device comprises a channel controller, a power divider/power combiner module and a plurality of phased array channels, wherein each phased array channel is respectively connected with the channel controller and the power divider/power combiner module; the phased array channel comprises a phased array antenna module, a first single-pole double-throw switch, a second single-pole double-throw switch, a low-noise amplifier, a power amplifier and a phase shifter; the phased array antenna module is connected with a first end of a first single-pole double-throw switch, a second end of the first single-pole double-throw switch is connected with an input end of a low-noise amplifier, and a third end of the first single-pole double-throw switch is connected with an output end of a power amplifier; the output end of the low-noise amplifier is connected with the second end of the second single-pole double-throw switch, the input end of the power amplifier is connected with the third end of the second single-pole double-throw switch, the first end of the second single-pole double-throw switch is connected with one end of a phase shifter, and the other end of the phase shifter is connected with the power divider/power combiner module; the channel controller is used for receiving an external control signal and sending the control signal to each phased array channel so as to control the single-pole double-throw switch and the phase shifter in the phased array channels; the first end of the first single-pole double-throw switch and the first end of the second single-pole double-throw switch are enabled ends, and the other two ends are fixed ends; the phase shifter is characterized in that the phase shifter is the low-power-consumption broadband passive phase shifter according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
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| CN202111502851.2A CN113904646A (en) | 2021-12-10 | 2021-12-10 | Low-power-consumption broadband passive phase shifter and phased array device |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115148608A (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2022-10-04 | 上海交通大学 | Heat dissipation optimization method for silicon-based SU-8 thin film packaging |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10476157B1 (en) * | 2018-09-26 | 2019-11-12 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Turnable passive phase shifter |
| CN110854482A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-02-28 | 南京汇君半导体科技有限公司 | High-frequency switch type phase shifter |
| CN111384477A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2020-07-07 | 财团法人工业技术研究院 | Broadband phase shifter and phase array module using same |
| CN212305303U (en) * | 2020-07-02 | 2021-01-05 | 合肥芯谷微电子有限公司 | X Band six-digit numerical control phase shifter |
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2021
- 2021-12-10 CN CN202111502851.2A patent/CN113904646A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10476157B1 (en) * | 2018-09-26 | 2019-11-12 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Turnable passive phase shifter |
| CN111384477A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2020-07-07 | 财团法人工业技术研究院 | Broadband phase shifter and phase array module using same |
| CN110854482A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-02-28 | 南京汇君半导体科技有限公司 | High-frequency switch type phase shifter |
| CN212305303U (en) * | 2020-07-02 | 2021-01-05 | 合肥芯谷微电子有限公司 | X Band six-digit numerical control phase shifter |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115148608A (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2022-10-04 | 上海交通大学 | Heat dissipation optimization method for silicon-based SU-8 thin film packaging |
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Address after: 610000 floors 1-2, Zone E, building 1, No. 199, Tianfu Third Street, Chengdu high tech Zone, China (Sichuan) pilot Free Trade Zone, Chengdu, Sichuan Applicant after: Chengdu Huaxing Earth Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 610000 Shunsheng Road, Zhengxing Street, Tianfu New District, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province Applicant before: Chengdu Huaxing Earth Technology Co.,Ltd. |
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Application publication date: 20220107 |