CN207596939U - A kind of supersonic flame sprayer - Google Patents
A kind of supersonic flame sprayer Download PDFInfo
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- CN207596939U CN207596939U CN201721485866.1U CN201721485866U CN207596939U CN 207596939 U CN207596939 U CN 207596939U CN 201721485866 U CN201721485866 U CN 201721485866U CN 207596939 U CN207596939 U CN 207596939U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of supersonic flame sprayers, and it includes combustion chamber, venturi and lance tubes；The combustion chamber has the first input end and first exit end, which includes fuel inlet nozzle, oxidant inlet nozzle, aluminium powder entry nozzle and spark plug, which is gradually reduced；The lance tube has the second input end and second outlet end, and the internal diameter of the second input end gradually increases, which is additionally provided with sprayed on material particle entry；First exit end is connected with the second input end by venturi, and the internal diameter of venturi is less than first exit end, the second input end, wherein, fuel selection aviation kerosine, aluminium powder is special atomized aluminium.The utility model uses aviation kerosine as fuel, the thermal efficiency, flame flow velocity degree higher, obtains the coating of finer and close and high conjugation；The mixed firinor fuel burning of aviation kerosine and aluminium powder, burning is more abundant, provides bigger more sufficient power for flame stream, improves spray efficiency and coating quality.
Description
Technical field
The utility model is related to a kind of plasma spray technology, it particularly relates to a kind of improved supersonic flame spraying dress
It puts.
Background technology
Supersonic flame spraying is a kind of emerging technology in plasma spray technology, its definite designation is high speed oxygen-fuel
Spraying or high speed flame spraying（High Velocity Oxygen-Fuel, i.e. HVOF）.
Supersonic flame spraying（HVOF）It is a kind of high speed flame spraying method to grow up the eighties in last century.The party
Method is burnt, and managed through laval in the combustion chamber using propane with high pressure oxygen（Laval nozzle）Accelerate the high temperature and high speed generated
Burn flame stream, and burning flame flow velocity degree can reach five Mach（1500m/s）More than, by dusty spray axial feeding, the flame can incite somebody to action
Dusty spray is heated to fusing or semi-molten state, and accelerates to up to 300-500m/s, even higher speed（Such as, Supersonic
Speed）.Due to the particles hit of supersonic flight to can be more open and more flat during matrix surface, so HVOF spray-on coatings combine it is strong
Degree, density and hardness are all very high.It is greatly paid close attention in recent years, in aviation, electric power, metallurgy, papermaking and petrochemical industry etc.
Many industrial circles have been widely used.
At the beginning of the eighties, U.S. Browning Engineering（Browning engineering）Company releases a kind of high speed fire for the first time
Flame spray gun, entitled Jet Kote.Its appearance has soon obtained the concern of people.Using the spraying of this high-speed flame spray gun
Method causes anchoring strength of coating, hardness, compactness, wearability to be obtained for and change because having very high particle stroke speed
It is kind.
The basic functional principle of supersonic spray gun：The indoor liquid fuel such as kerosene of burning is entered by nozzle, through mist
Change is lighted after being mixed with air, and violent gas-phase combustion reaction occurs.Thermal energy is released in burning makes combustion product acutely expand, this is acute
When the gas of strong expansion flows through jet pipe, supersonic speed thermal-flame stream is formed by the effect of contraction of jet pipe.Sprayed on material particle exists
Under the action of supersonic speed thermal-flame stream, heated and sprayed after accelerating.
Supersonic spray gun is by following three parts structure composition：For air and the combustion chamber of fuel combustion, by air-flow plus
Speed is to ultrasonic Laval nozzle and sprayed on material particle is made to obtain fully heating the long jet pipe of cross-section with accelerating.
Combustion chamber is the place for the thermal energy that the chemical energy of fuel is converted into burning.Therefore, the quality of chamber performance is determined
The height of efficiency of combustion is determined.Indoor air-flow flowing of burning is considered as nothing and frictionally heats one-dimensional steady flowing.
There are two functions for Laval nozzle main：First, the flow of control combustion gas, maintains certain pressure in a combustion chamber
Power, to ensure fuel normal combustion；Second is that nozzle exit is made to obtain the air-flow with Supersonic Flow, and then make injection therein
Sprayed on material particle rapidity greatly increases, and is finally ejected into the workpiece surface being sprayed-on at a high speed.
The long jet pipe of cross-section can make sprayed on material particle obtain fully heating and accelerate.Combustion gas is flowed visually in long jet pipe
Work has friction insulation flow.
As it can be seen that ensureing to spray the key point that the flying speed for firing stream and particle is the technology, designer is in flame thus
It does a lot of work in the design of spray gun, is such as increased under the premise of ensureing that flame stabilization burns using larger-diameter combustion chamber
Add the output power of spray gun；The abundant burning and reduction radiation loss of chamber fuel are also to ensure chamber pressure and outlet
The key factor of flame speed.Therefore, the design of spraying equipment and the selection of fuel are inquired into and are ground needed for technology development
The direction studied carefully.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is improved supersonic flame sprayer and spraying process, to improve spray efficiency
And coating quality.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the utility model provides a kind of supersonic flame sprayer, which includes burning
Room, venturi and lance tube；The combustion chamber has the first input end and first exit end, which sprays comprising fuel inlet
Mouth, oxidant inlet nozzle, aluminium powder entry nozzle and spark plug, the first exit end internal diameter are gradually reduced；The lance tube has
Second input end and second outlet end, the internal diameter of the second input end gradually increase, which is additionally provided with sprayed on material
Particle entry；First exit end is connected with the second input end by venturi, and the internal diameter of venturi is less than first exit end, the second import
End.
The fuel inlet nozzle is Laval nozzle, and fuel can be caused to enter combustion chamber and just exist in the form of being atomized,
Be conducive to be sufficiently mixed with oxidant, aluminium powder.
Preferably, the cylinder of the lance tube is cross-section gun barrel.
Preferably, the aluminium powder entry nozzle is used for the input of aluminium powder, which is special atomized aluminium.
Preferably, the grain size of special atomized aluminium is less than 1 μm.
Preferably, the ignition point of special atomized aluminium is 1000K-2700K.
Preferably, the fuel inlet nozzle is used for the input of fuel, which is aviation kerosine.
Preferably, the oxidant inlet nozzle is used for the input of oxidant, which is oxygen, air or oxygen-enriched
Air.
The combustor inlet end of the utility model includes laval（Lavalle）Nozzle and aluminium powder nozzle, aviation kerosine by
Laval nozzles enter behind combustion chamber to be atomized to be mixed with air and aluminium powder, is burnt by plug ignition, is generated H2O and CO2, temperature
Up to more than 2250K, pressure is up to 1.1 × 106Pa reaches special atomized aluminium ignition point（1000K or so）, aluminium powder and H2O and CO2Into
Row second-time burning, releases amount of heat again, further increases pressure, and the combustion gas for obtaining enough energy is sprayed by a Laval
Pipe is sprayed from gun barrel, and jet pipe size and shape designs excessively to be expanded so that generating supersonic speed at powder injection, to be conducive to subtract
It is easier powder injection for powder pressure less, then coated powder is carried by high-speed fuel gas stream and accelerates, mixes and melt, and sprays at a high speed
It is coated onto matrix surface and forms dense coating.
The utility model achieves following advantageous effect by improving fuel and spray equipment：
1st, common kerosene is replaced using aviation kerosine, thermal efficiency higher improves flame flow velocity degree, obtains finer and close and high
The coating of conjugation；
2nd, using Laval nozzle as fuel nozzle as early as possible so that fuel enters combustion chamber and is atomized, abundant with oxidant
Contact, it is rapid to burn, by the mixing second-time burning of aviation kerosine and aluminium powder, make fuel combustion more abundant, provided for flame stream
The more sufficient power of bigger improves spray efficiency and coating quality.Compared with opposite conventional arc sprays, due to the utility model
Supersonic airstream atomization, acceleration, particle is tiny, uniformly and speed is high, so as to improve the bond strength of coating and
Cohesive strength, and reduce the porosity of coating；The time that particle stays aloft simultaneously is short, and coating oxidation object content is low.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structure diagram of supersonic flame sprayer of the utility model.
Specific embodiment
The technical solution of the utility model is further described with attached drawing with reference to embodiments.
It is a kind of supersonic flame sprayer of the utility model as shown in Figure 1, includes combustion chamber 1, venturi 2 and spray gun
Pipe 3, the combustion chamber have the first input end and first exit end 12, which includes fuel inlet nozzle 1-1, aluminium powder
Entry nozzle 1-2, spark plug 1-3, oxidant inlet nozzle 1-4 and cooling water inlet 1-5（The cooling water is in entire spray gun outer wall
Cycle, to cool down the outer wall of combustion chamber and gun barrel）, which is gradually reduced；The lance tube 3 have second into
Mouth end 31 and second outlet end 32, the internal diameter of the second input end 31 gradually increase, and 12 and second input end 31 of first exit end is logical
It crosses venturi 2 to connect, the internal diameter of venturi 2 is less than first exit end 12, the second input end 31, which is additionally provided with spray
Material particles entrance 3-1 is applied, which is additionally provided with cooling water outlet 3-2.The first exit end 12, venturi
2 and second input end 31 form a Laval nozzle structure so that fuel gas stream obtain supersonic speed.
The fuel inlet nozzle 1-1 be Laval nozzle, aviation kerosine fuel combustion chamber is entered by nozzle after be
Spray pattern.
The cylinder of the lance tube 3 is cross-section gun barrel.Constantly to add when passing through gun barrel with coating supersonic speed flame stream
The line of speed and the high-speed straight-line of heating, in order to which the speed of the line and stability is kept not to be disturbed by gun barrel interior air-flow as possible
Disorderly, so gun barrel inner cavity is designed as parallel smooth cylinder, then this is described as the equal cross-section gun barrel in each section, waits and cuts
The long jet pipe in face can make sprayed on material particle obtain fully heating and accelerate.Combustion gas is flowed in long jet pipe may be regarded as friction thermal insulation
Flowing.
It is included using the method that the supersonic flame sprayer of the utility model sprays matrix surface：
Step 1, respectively by fuel inlet nozzle 1-1, oxidant inlet nozzle 1-4, aluminium powder entry nozzle 1-2 to burning
Fuel, oxidant and aluminium powder are sprayed into room 1 so that fuel, oxidant and aluminium powder are sufficiently mixed in the combustion chamber；
Step 2, it is lighted a fire by igniter plug 1-3 so that fuel fully burns in the combustion chamber, and generating high temperature through venturi 2 surpasses
Velocity of sound air-flow, flame stream temperature are 2700-3000 DEG C, and flame flow velocity degree can reach more than 1500m/s；
Step 3, carrier gas sprayed on material particle is inputted into lance tube 3 from sprayed on material particle entry 3-1；
Step 4, sprayed on material particle in lance tube is fully heated, added by the high temperature supersonic airstream generated through venturi
Speed sprays to matrix surface by the second outlet end 32 of lance tube, forms sprayed coating.
In preferred embodiment, the aluminium powder is special atomized aluminium, and preferable particle size is less than 1 μm；The igniting of the aluminium powder
Temperature range is 1000K ~ 2700K.More preferably, the ignition point of special atomized aluminium is 1000K.
In preferred embodiment, the fuel is aviation kerosine；The feeding amount ratio of aluminium powder and aviation kerosine is：1:
50, by quality ratio.
The oxidant is oxygen, air or oxygen-enriched air.
For WC-CO systems, Cr3C2/ NiCr series hard metal coatings, according to ASTM or related canonical measures, the utility model
The bond strength of coating can reach 150MPa, the bond strength of plasma WC-CO coatings is about 40MPa, and detonation sprayed coating
Bond strength for 70 ~ 80MPa, moreover, the hardness of the supersonic spray coating WC-CO coatings of the utility model can reach 1100-
1300HV, suitable with detonation flame spraying coating, general plasma sprayed coating microhardness is 800-1000HV.
In conclusion the utility model does fuel using aviation kerosine, special atomized aluminium, the thin aluminium of the spy are added in the combustion chamber
Powder can be with the combustion product H of hydrocarbon fuel2O and CO2Carry out second-time burning so that fuel combustion is more abundant, and can improve air-flow
Thrust.Aviation kerosine has higher octane number compared with common kerosene, more heats can be discharged after burning, and burning is more filled
Point.Special atomized aluminium（Grain size is less than the atomized aluminium of 1um）With common atomized aluminium（Grain size is about several um）Have in combustibility
Very big difference, the former has good anti-coagulation, in this way, superfine aluminium power is just not easy to form aluminium in combustion face and coagulates drop, secondly, aluminium powder
Ignition energy with granularity increase in the order of magnitude increase, superfine aluminium power compared with common aluminium powder, have lower ignition point, it can change
Kind combustibility and ignition performance.In addition, the AL of white is formed after ultra-fine aluminium powder burning2O3Powder will not cause dirt to coating
Dye, not only improves spray efficiency, also substantially improves coating quality.
Although the content of the utility model is discussed in detail by above preferred embodiment, but it should be appreciated that on
The description stated is not considered as the limitation to the utility model.After those skilled in the art have read the above, for
A variety of modifications and substitutions of the utility model all will be apparent.Therefore, the scope of protection of the utility model should be by appended
Claim limit.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of supersonic flame sprayer, which is characterized in that the device includes combustion chamber, venturi and lance tube；The burning
Room has the first input end and first exit end, which includes fuel inlet nozzle, oxidant inlet nozzle, aluminium powder
Entry nozzle and spark plug, the first exit end internal diameter are gradually reduced；The lance tube has the second input end and second outlet end,
The internal diameter of second input end gradually increases, which is additionally provided with sprayed on material particle entry；First exit end and the
Two input ends are connected by venturi, and the internal diameter of venturi is less than first exit end, the second input end.
2. supersonic flame sprayer as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the fuel inlet nozzle is Bearing score
That nozzle.
3. supersonic flame sprayer as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the cylinder of the lance tube is cut to wait
Face gun barrel.
4. supersonic flame sprayer as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the aluminium powder entry nozzle is used for aluminium
The input of powder, the aluminium powder are special atomized aluminium.
5. supersonic flame sprayer as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the grain size of special atomized aluminium is less than 1 μm.
6. supersonic flame sprayer as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the ignition point of special atomized aluminium is 1000K-
2700K。
7. supersonic flame sprayer as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the fuel inlet nozzle is used to fire
The input of material, the fuel are aviation kerosine.
8. supersonic flame sprayer as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the oxidant inlet nozzle is used for
The input of oxidant, the oxidant are oxygen, air or oxygen-enriched air.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201721485866.1U CN207596939U (en) | 2017-11-09 | 2017-11-09 | A kind of supersonic flame sprayer |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201721485866.1U CN207596939U (en) | 2017-11-09 | 2017-11-09 | A kind of supersonic flame sprayer |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN207596939U true CN207596939U (en) | 2018-07-10 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109182948A (en) * | 2018-11-16 | 2019-01-11 | 佛山市南海区科琎精密机械有限公司 | A kind of supersonic flame spraying technique |
-
2017
- 2017-11-09 CN CN201721485866.1U patent/CN207596939U/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109182948A (en) * | 2018-11-16 | 2019-01-11 | 佛山市南海区科琎精密机械有限公司 | A kind of supersonic flame spraying technique |
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