CN207559044U - Super-wide band high-gain omnidirectional antenna - Google Patents
Super-wide band high-gain omnidirectional antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN207559044U CN207559044U CN201721050572.6U CN201721050572U CN207559044U CN 207559044 U CN207559044 U CN 207559044U CN 201721050572 U CN201721050572 U CN 201721050572U CN 207559044 U CN207559044 U CN 207559044U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a kind of super-wide band high-gain omnidirectional antenna, it includes the radiant tube of at least two coaxial nestings of section, the at least two sections radiant tube includes the back taper pipe for being arranged on bottom, and at least one section radiant tube on the back taper pipe is arranged on nested mode, the at least two sections radiant tube setting is arranged on stepped floor, and the inverted L-shaped sheet metal of one group of common circumferential arrangement is set on step.The utility model provides that a kind of ultra wide band, high-gain, wave beam are faced upward, upper null-fill, high-power, light and small is portable, structurally simple, economical durable single polarization omnidirectional antenna, and the H/V dual polarization ultra-wideband omni-directional antenna optimization designs for more high-gain provide effective reference method, particularly suitable for UAV ground control station.
Description
【Technical field】
The utility model is related to the communications field, more particularly to a kind of UAV ground control station's of suitable field deployment
Ultra wide band, high-gain omni-directional antenna equipment and technology.
【Background technology】
With aviation and the development of electronic technology, the mankind enter the unmanned plane epoch.Unmanned plane is suitably executed each generic task,
And it with the advantage of low cost, is all had a wide range of applications in Military and civil fields.In terms of national defence and police service, unmanned plane is used for map
Mapping, intelligence reconnaissance, trace and monitor, trunking traffic, to enemy attack etc.；Civilian aspect, unmanned plane are fast for Aerial photography, logistics
Pass with hobby etc..At present, China is in world lead level in military-civil unmanned plane field.In general, unmanned plane relies on
Earth station's wireless remotecontrol mode performs each generic task.This Radio Link between earth station and the antenna of unmanned plane by establishing.
Generally using high-gain parabola antenna, unmanned plane then uses low gain omnidirectional antenna for earth station.The former frequency is high, directionality
By force, wave beam is narrow, command range is remote, but cannot have barrier on propagation path, and influenced by earth curvature, can only sighting distance biography
It broadcasts.Therefore, unmanned plane during flying is highly desirable as high as possible and it is necessary in main lobe wave beam, and can not control multi rack position simultaneously
In the unmanned plane of different direction.In addition, parabola antenna needs orientation/pitching face mechanism free to rotate, volume is big, into
This is higher.In contrast, if control station uses low frequency high-gain omni-directional antenna, the above problem can be well solved.It is however, high
Gain omni-directional antenna realizes frequently with coaxial group of battle array of oscillator, narrower bandwidth, and greatest irradiation direction is directed toward horizontal direction.When
So, it can realize that wave beam faces upward or has a down dip, but can lose larger gain by array weight mode, gain decline can cause to control
Distance becomes the problems such as near, the unmanned plane hang time shortens.As other antennas, bandwidth is also the key index of earth station antenna
One of, it determines the unmanned plane quantity that can be controlled and the data back rate of unmanned plane.In addition, in order to obtain Radio Link
Optimum signal-noise ratio, earth station antenna preferably use multiband design, using the propagation characteristic of different wave length electric wave to keep link
Robustness.Obviously, the scheme of the coaxial array of conventional oscillator is difficult to the requirement for meeting above-mentioned broadband, multiband, and necessary
Look for another way and find other designing schemes.Monocone antenna bandwidth is very wide, and omnidirectional radiation, wave beam is faced upward, but gain is relatively low.If it can set
Method improves its gain, then a kind of ideal designing scheme of can yet be regarded as.
The utility model carries out depth innovation on the basis of conventional monocone antenna, and it is embedding with one heart that cup-shaped back taper pipe is become more piece
The metal circular tube of set, and by flooring design into multistage stepped disk, and size is sufficiently large, and one group is set on floor step
The inverted L-shaped sheet metal of circumferential arrangement.Then, on floor and first segment metal tube gap location coaxial cable feed.By above-mentioned
Measure, antenna is in 0.4~1.2GHz ultrabroad bands (BW=0.8GHz, 100%), nearly 0.718 λl50 are realized in electrical length
Ω matched wells (| S11|<- 10dB, it is minimum<- 40dB), gain reaches 4~8.1dBi, and relative bandwidth is up to 100%；Highest-gain
It is suitable with the conventional five unit half-wave dipole arrays of equal aperture, 25.58~54.75 ° of vertical plane (E faces) half-power beam width,
And wave beam is faced upward 25~61 °, is eliminated complicated power division network design, is reduced loss, improve efficiency (>=89%)；It is horizontal
Face (H faces) out-of-roundness is less than 1.34dB.Also, the design it is short and small it is portable, bear that power is big, structural strength is high, economy and durability, be
It is suitble to the preferred antenna design of UAV ground control station.In addition, this method is also general with thinking novelty, clear principle, method
The features such as suitable, simple and practicable, H/V polarization ultra-wideband omni-directional antenna optimization designs for more high-gain and improve be also be applicable in and
Effectively.
【Invention content】
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of ultra wide band, high-gain, wave beam is faced upward, high-power, light and small is portable, knot
The simple super-wide band high-gain omnidirectional antenna of structure.
The utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions above-mentioned purpose：
The utility model provides a kind of super-wide band high-gain omnidirectional antenna, includes the radiation of at least two coaxial nestings of section
Pipe, at least two sections radiant tube include being arranged on the back taper pipe of bottom and be arranged on the back taper pipe with nested mode
At least one section radiant tube, it is described at least two section radiant tube setting is arranged on floor.
Preferably, at least one section radiant tube being arranged on the back taper pipe includes the first sleeve that sets gradually and the
Two casings, the first sleeve are inserted into from the back taper pipe upper end in the back taper pipe, which inserts from the first sleeve upper end
Enter to the first sleeve.
Preferably, the back taper pipe is by the cylinder that the gradual transition of center circle taper is end, and diameter constantly increases, this
Sleeve includes the embedded casing of hollow first being connected, first from embedding tube, which includes being connected hollow
The second embedded casing, second from embedding tube, this first respectively includes at least two layers from embedding tube from embedding tube and second and is connected
The casing of inside and outside nesting connect.
Preferably, which includes the first conical section of single cone, the single cone that the diameter that connects from bottom to top is sequentially increased
The second conical section of body, single cone cylindrical section, the bottom of single the first conical section of cone opens up feed circular hole, and connects single cone second
Conical section, single cone cylindrical section are until top end opening.
Preferably, inverted L-shaped piece is equipped on floor.Preferably, which includes sequentially connected vertical piece, level
Piece and the bent sheet of end.
Preferably, the first embedded casing include the first cylindrical section of casing that the diameter that connects from bottom to top is sequentially increased,
The second cylindrical section of casing conical section and casing connects this on the second cylindrical section of casing first from embedding tube, this is first from embedding tube
Including being connected and cylindrical section, the first middle cylindrical section, the first outer circle shell of column in inside and outside nested first, the first outer circle shell of column
Cylindrical section and the first middle cylindrical section in higher than described first form exposed cylinder radiator, and the first outer circle shell of column is inwardly downward
Extend the first cylindrical surface inner wall, the nested space in top is formed in the first cylindrical surface inner wall.
As better embodiment, which is nested in this in first outside cylindrical section, the first outer circle shell of column
It being nested in outside first middle cylindrical section, this is connected to joint face in cylindrical section upper end in first with the first middle cylindrical section upper end,
The first middle cylindrical section lower end is connected to lower joint face with the first outer circle shell of column lower end.
Preferably, the diameter of the first cylindrical surface inner wall than first in the diameter of cylindrical section and the first middle cylindrical section it is big.
Preferably, the second embedded casing includes casing third cylindrical section, the set that the diameter that connects from bottom to top is sequentially increased
The 4th cylindrical section of pipe, this second include being connected from embedding tube and cylindrical section in inside and outside nested second, the second middle cylindrical section,
Second outer circle shell of column, the second outer circle shell of column are higher than cylindrical section and the second middle cylindrical section in described second, form exposed cylinder
Radiator, the second outer circle shell of column extend the second cylindrical surface inner wall inwardly downward, and it is nested to form top in the second cylindrical surface inner wall
Space.
As better embodiment, the 4th cylindrical section upper end of cylindrical section connecting sleeve and than the 4th cylindrical section of casing in second
Diameter bigger, second middle cylindrical section are nested in this in second outside cylindrical section, which is nested in the circle in second
Outside shell of column, this is connected to joint face in cylindrical section upper end in second with the second middle cylindrical section upper end, under second middle cylindrical section
End is connected to lower joint face with the second outer circle shell of column lower end.
Preferably, the diameter of the second cylindrical surface inner wall than second in cylindrical section diameter it is big.
Preferably, which is 0.03 λl~0.20 λl, total height H1Value range
0.15·λl~0.25 λl, wherein λlIt is 2~3 highly with caliber ratio value range for low-limit frequency wavelength；Wall thickness is more than 0
And less than back taper tube top end list cone cylindrical section radius.
Preferably, which is circular shape shape floor, which is placed in floor overcentre, is equipped in floor bottoms
Dielectric-slab, is equipped with the feeding centre hole that communicates on dielectric-slab and floor, the floor include linking up from bottom to top setting bottom plate,
Backing plate, cone plate, base plate size are bigger than backing plate and cone plate, and straight, edge is inclined-plane at the top of the cone plate.Preferably, the pad
Plate upper end and cone plate lower end are in the same size.
Preferably, which uses coaxial cable feed, and cable outer conductor passes through this stepped
Floor feeding centre hole is connected with the stepped floor top center, and cable inner conductor extends to the feed circle of back taper bottom of the tube
Hole, and connect with back taper bottom of the tube.
Preferably, which uses coaxial cable feed, and cable outer conductor passes through this stepped
Floor feeding centre hole is connected with the stepped floor top center, and cable inner conductor extends to the feed circle of back taper bottom of the tube
Hole, and connect with back taper bottom of the tube.
Preferably, which is sheet metal, it is preferred that multiple inverted L-shaped pieces, multiple inverted L are equipped on floor
Shape piece is set in floor incline position by circumferential arrangement.
Preferably, the height Hs value ranges of the inverted L-shaped piece are 0.05 λl~0.15 λl l, end bending angle is
90 °~180 °.
Preferably, the ground board diameter and height are respectively Dg、Hg, it is preferred that the dielectric-slab and floor equal diameter.
Preferably, feed metal ring and dielectric ring are equipped with above the feeding centre hole on floor, it is preferred that the back taper pipe,
First sleeve, the second casing, floor, inverted L-shaped piece circle battle array, feed metal ring and the equal coaxial concentric arrangement of dielectric ring, coaxial cable,
Coaxial-cable feeder is passed through after feeding centre hole, feed metal ring and dielectric ring upward successively to back taper bottom of the tube, feeder line it is outer
Conductor is connect with feed metal ring, and inner wire is then connected with the feed circular hole of back taper bottom of the tube.
Preferably, the dielectric-slab and dielectric ring are using dielectric materials such as PTFE, PE, ABS, PC, ceramics；Feed coaxial cable
Using connectors such as SMA, BNC, TNC, N-types.Preferably, each conductive component of the super-wide band high-gain omnidirectional antenna is pure
The common metals such as copper, copper alloy or aluminium material makes.
The prior art is compared, the utility model has the following advantages：
The utility model provide a kind of ultra wide band, high-gain (G >=4dBi), wave beam face upward, upper null-fill, big work(
Rate, light and small be portable, structurally simple, economical durable single polarization omnidirectional antenna, and the H/V dual polarization ultra wide bands for more high-gain are complete
Effective reference method is provided to antenna optimization design, is especially applicable to as UAV ground control station.
The utility model overcomes itself and 50 while metal tube dipole ultra wide band, high power capacity advantage is retained
Ω impedance mismatchs, the shortcomings that gain is low, uniquely using following design method：1), feed metal Taper Pipe length and caliber it
Bigger (≈ 2.525), to realize ultra wide bandwidth；Tubular shape is gradually transitions the cylinder side at both ends from intermediate cone
Formula is changed, and caliber becomes larger so that input impedance is in broadband close to 50 Ω；2), metal Taper Pipe inner sleeve is another
Concentric metal pipe.Pipe the initial segment shape becomes cylinder from cylinder, circular cone, then becomes the smaller cylindrical section of diameter, Ran Houlian
Continuous 90 ° of bendings, eventually form the coaxial embedding tube that diameter is sequentially increased；The leading portion of casing is enclosed in feed pipe and therein,
Latter end is then exposed to be radiated, so as to realize impedance transformation and high-gain simultaneously；3), feed cable gos deep into from casing shoe circular hole
Tube interior, go directly back taper tube hub feed circular hole, and cable is concentric with pipe, so as to ensure that the preferable omni-directional of directional diagram；
4), the inverted L-shaped piece of ladder floor and loading circle battle array, further improves gain, makes antenna in 0.4~1.2GHz ultrabroad bands (BW
=0.8GHz, 100%), nearly 0.718 λlRealized in electrical length 50 Ω matched wells (| S11|<- 10dB, it is minimum<- 40dB),
Gain reaches 4~8.1dBi, and relative bandwidth is up to 100%；The conventional five unit half-wave dipole array phases of highest-gain and equal aperture
When, 25.58~54.75 ° of vertical plane (E faces) half-power beam width, and wave beam is faced upward 25~61 °, eliminates complicated work(point
Network design reduces loss, improves efficiency (>=89%)；Horizontal plane (H faces) out-of-roundness is less than 1.34dB.Moreover, this sets
Count it is short and small it is portable, bear that power is big, structural strength is high, economy and durability, be that the preferred antenna of UAV ground control station is suitble to set
Meter.In addition, this method also has the characteristics that thinking novelty, clear principle, method are pervasive, simple and practicable, for more high-gain
H/V polarizes ultra-wideband omni-directional antenna optimization design and to improve be also to be applicable in and effective.
【Description of the drawings】
The schematic diagram that Fig. 1 is defined for rectangular coordinate system used by antenna model.
Fig. 2 is the front view of the first metal Taper Pipe geometrical model 10 of super-wide band high-gain omnidirectional antenna.
Fig. 3 is the vertical view of the first metal Taper Pipe geometrical model 10 of super-wide band high-gain omnidirectional antenna.
Fig. 4 is the side view of the first metal Taper Pipe geometrical model 10 of super-wide band high-gain omnidirectional antenna.
Fig. 5 is super-wide band high-gain omnidirectional antenna first from the front view of embedding tube geometrical model 20.
Fig. 6 is super-wide band high-gain omnidirectional antenna first from the side view of embedding tube geometrical model 20.
Fig. 7 is super-wide band high-gain omnidirectional antenna second from the front view of embedding tube geometrical model 40.
Fig. 8 is super-wide band high-gain omnidirectional antenna second from the side view of embedding tube geometrical model 40.
Fig. 9 is the front view of the stepped circularly slab geomitry model 50 of super-wide band high-gain omnidirectional antenna.
Figure 10 is the stepped circularly plate of super-wide band high-gain omnidirectional antenna and the side view of inverted L-shaped piece geometrical model 50,60
Figure.
Figure 11 is the stepped circularly plate of super-wide band high-gain omnidirectional antenna and the vertical view of inverted L-shaped piece geometrical model 50,60
Figure.
Figure 12 is the front view of the full geometry model of super-wide band high-gain omnidirectional antenna.
Figure 13 is the side view of the full geometry model of super-wide band high-gain omnidirectional antenna.
Figure 14 is the feed partial enlarged view of super-wide band high-gain omnidirectional antenna.
Figure 15 is the input impedance Z of super-wide band high-gain omnidirectional antennainFrequency characteristic.
Figure 16 is the reflectance factor of super-wide band high-gain omnidirectional antenna | S11| curve.
Figure 17 is the standing-wave ratio VSWR of super-wide band high-gain omnidirectional antenna.
Figure 18 is super-wide band high-gain omnidirectional antenna in f1The 2D directional diagrams of=0.4GHz.
Figure 19 is super-wide band high-gain omnidirectional antenna in f2The 2D directional diagrams of=0.6GHz.
Figure 20 is super-wide band high-gain omnidirectional antenna in f3The 2D directional diagrams of=0.8GHz.
Figure 21 is super-wide band high-gain omnidirectional antenna in f3The 2D directional diagrams of=1.0GHz.
Figure 22 is super-wide band high-gain omnidirectional antenna in f3The 2D directional diagrams of=1.2GHz.
Figure 23 is the real gain G of super-wide band high-gain omnidirectional antenna with frequency f change curves.
Figure 24 is the E faces half-power beam width HPBW of super-wide band high-gain omnidirectional antenna with frequency f change curves.
Figure 25 is that the E faces maximum gain of super-wide band high-gain omnidirectional antenna is directed toward Theta angles with frequency f change curves.
Figure 26 is the H faces out-of-roundness of super-wide band high-gain omnidirectional antenna with frequency f change curves.
Figure 27 is the efficiency eta of super-wide band high-gain omnidirectional antennaAWith frequency f change curves.
This paper attached drawings be for being expanded on further and understand, and a part for constitution instruction to the utility model,
With together with specific embodiment of the utility model for explaining the utility model, but do not form limitation to the utility model or
It limits.
【Specific embodiment】
The preferred embodiment of the utility model is provided below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the technical side of the utility model is described in detail
Case.
Here, ultra wide band and high-gain two major features be will focus on to discuss the utility model, and provide respective drawings pair
The utility model is described in detail.It should be strongly noted that preferred embodiment as described herein is merely to illustrate reconciliation
The utility model is released, is not limited to or limits the utility model.
The design method of the super-wide band high-gain omnidirectional antenna includes the following steps：
Step 1 establishes rectangular coordinate system in space, sees Fig. 1；
Step 2, construction back taper pipe 10：Under rectangular coordinate system, construction one is from bottom to top by single the first conical section of cone
12nd, the second conical section of single cone 14 is transitioned into single cone cylindrical section 15 step by step, and the metal back taper pipe that diameter is sequentially increased is to fall
Taper Pipe 10；Back taper pipe outer wall total length LlNearly 0.25 λl(λlFor low-limit frequency wavelength), wall thickness is more than 0 and is less than back taper tube top
The single cone cylindrical section radius (R in end1≈0.07·λl, height H1≈0.175·λl), single 12 bottom of the first conical section of cone opens up
Feed circular hole 11, single 14 lower end of the second conical section of cone is in figure 13 with single 12 joint face of the first conical section of cone, see Fig. 2,3,
4；
Step 3 constructs first sleeve 20：In the 10 inner wall bottom of back taper pipe of step 2, it is inserted in the axial direction outside one
Profile and 10 approximate figuration metal sleeve of back taper pipe, are for first sleeve 20；The first sleeve 20 includes be connected first
Embedded casing, first are from embedding tube；First embedded casing is respectively the first cylindrical section of casing 21, casing conical section 23 from bottom to top
With the second cylindrical section of casing 24, diameter is sequentially increased；First is connect on the second cylindrical section of casing 24 again from embedding tube, this is first from embedding
Casing originates in cylindrical section 26 in first, after upwardly extending continuous bending formed from nested parts for four times, including being sleeved on described the
First middle cylindrical section 28 of the periphery of cylindrical section 26, the first outer circle shell of column 30 in one, be from this in first 26 upper end of cylindrical section to
Excurvation folds joint face 27, and upper joint face 27 is bent to form the first middle cylindrical section 28 still further below, under first middle cylindrical section 28
End bends out lower joint face 29, and lower joint face 29 is folded upward at forming the first outer circle shell of column 30 again, and the first outer circle shell of column 30 is again
26 and first middle cylindrical section 28 of cylindrical section in higher than described first is extended a distance into upward, forms exposed cylinder radiator,
Cylinder radiator outer wall end first towards inner bending, disconnects after then bending downward, and a first bottomless cylinder is formed at top
Face inner wall 32, the first outer circle shell of column 30 are integrally connected with 32 top of the first cylindrical surface inner wall with top joint face 31, the first circle
Form the nested space in top in cylinder inner wall 32, the diameter of the first cylindrical surface inner wall 32 than first in it is round in cylindrical section 26 and first
The diameter of shell of column 28 is big, and the first cylindrical section of casing 21 is in figure 22 with 23 joint face of casing conical section, the second cylindrical section of casing 24
From embedding tube joint face it is in figure 25 with first, sees Fig. 5,6；
Step 4 adds the second casing 40：Between 20 upper and lower side of first sleeve of step 3, another coaxial nesting is constructed
Body is for the second casing 40.Second casing 40 includes the second embedded casing, second from embedding tube；Second embedded casing includes
The casing third cylindrical section 42 of starting, larger the 4th cylindrical section 43 of casing of top connection diameter, this is second from embedding tube
Start from cylindrical section 44 in second, 44 the 4th cylindrical section of connecting sleeve of cylindrical section, 43 upper end and than the 4th cylindrical section 43 of casing in second
Diameter bigger, after cylindrical section 44 upwardly extends in second continuous bending formed from nested parts for four times, including being sleeved on described second
The second middle cylindrical section 46, the second outer circle shell of column 48 of the periphery of interior cylindrical section 44, be by this in second 44 upper end of cylindrical section it is outside
Joint face 45 is bent out, upper joint face 45 is bent to form the second middle cylindrical section 46 still further below, 46 lower end of the second middle cylindrical section
Lower joint face 47 is bent out, lower joint face 47 is folded upward at forming the second outer circle shell of column 48 again, the second outer circle shell of column 48 court again
On extend a distance into 44 and second middle cylindrical section 46 of cylindrical section in higher than described second, form exposed cylinder radiator, circle
Column radiator outer wall end first towards inner bending, disconnects after then bending downward, and a second bottomless cylindrical surface is formed at top
Inner wall 490, the second outer circle shell of column 48 are integrally connected with 490 top of the second cylindrical surface inner wall with top joint face 49, the second circle
Form the nested space in top in cylinder inner wall 490, the diameter of the second cylindrical surface inner wall 490 than second in cylindrical section 44 diameter
Greatly, in figure 41 be the second casing shoe, see Fig. 7,8；
Step 5, setting circular shape floor 50：Immediately below the back taper bottom of the tube center of step 2, one piece of diameter is set
It is respectively D with heightg、HgIt is the floor 50 of circular shape shape, the setting that links up from bottom to top includes bottom plate 51, backing plate 52, cone
Plate 53, bottom plate 51 expand horizontally, 53 lower end size one of 52 upper end of backing plate and cone plate outwardly than 53 bigger of backing plate 52 and cone plate
It causes, 53 top of cone plate is straight, edge is inclined-plane 54, in cone-shaped, sees Fig. 9；
Step 6, setting inverted L-shaped piece 60：On the ladder floor inclined-plane of step 5 close to bottom position, one group of setting is by circle
The inverted L-shaped piece 60 of week arrangement；Inverted L-shaped piece includes sequentially connected vertical piece 61, horizontal plate 62 and the bent sheet 63 of end, sees figure
10、11、12；
Step 7 sets dielectric-slab 70：In 50 bottom of the floor of step 5, one piece of setting and 50 isodiametric medium of floor
Plate 70 makes floor smooth to facilitate installation, sees Figure 12,13,14；
Step 8, bottom centre's feed：An aperture is opened as D in dielectric-slab 70 and 50 center of floor respectivelyoThe feedback communicated
Electrfic centre hole 56, and it is respectively D to be sequentially placed aperture above the feeding centre hole 56 on flooro、DiBecket 90 and dielectric ring
100 each one.Then, by a 50 Ω coaxial cables from dielectric-slab feeding centre hole upward, sequentially pass through ladder floor feed
100 endoporus of centre bore 56, becket 90 and dielectric ring；Outer conductor is disconnected at becket 90 and is welded therewith, and inner wire continues
Across after dielectric ring 100, penetrate to the feed circular hole 11 of 12 bottom of the first conical section of single cone of the back taper pipe 10 of step 2, with
Single 12 bottom of the first conical section of cone welding, is shown in Figure 14；
Second casing 40, the single cone 10 of first sleeve 20, first are socketed by step 9 successively：By first sleeve 20
The first embedded casing be inserted from above into first single cone 10, by the described sleeve pipe of the second embedded casing of the second casing 40
The space nested with the top that the 4th cylindrical section 43 of part tubular is formed on via the first cylindrical surface inner wall 32 of third cylindrical section 42
It is inserted into first sleeve 20, this please refers to Fig.1 2 and Figure 13.
Via the above method create super-wide band high-gain omnidirectional antenna, as described below.
The radiant tubes that the utility model super-wide band high-gain omnidirectional antenna saves coaxial nestings including at least two, described at least two
At least one section spoke that section radiant tube includes the back taper pipe 10 for being arranged on bottom and is arranged on nested mode on the back taper pipe
Pipe is penetrated, at least two sections radiant tube setting is arranged on floor.
In the embodiment of Fig. 1~14, the casing of two coaxial nestings is provided on back taper pipe 10, is respectively set gradually
20 and second casing 40 of first sleeve, which is inserted into from 10 upper end of back taper pipe in the back taper pipe 10, this
Two casings 40 are inserted into from 20 upper end of first sleeve in the first sleeve 20.
The back taper pipe 10 is by the cylinder that the gradual transition of center circle taper is end, and diameter constantly increases, the back taper pipe
10 the first conical sections of single cone 12 being sequentially increased including the diameters connected from bottom to top, the second conical section of single cone 14, single cone
Body cylindrical section 15, single 12 bottom of the first conical section of cone are equipped with feed circular hole 11, and connect single the second conical section of cone 14, single cone
Body cylindrical section 15 is until top end opening.
The 10 diameter value range of back taper pipe is 0.03 λl~0.20 λl, total height H10.15 λ of value rangel
~0.25 λl, wherein λlIt is 2~3 highly with caliber ratio value range for low-limit frequency wavelength；Wall thickness is more than 0 and is less than to fall
Taper Pipe top list cone cylindrical section radius.
The first sleeve 20 includes the embedded casing of hollow first being connected, first from embedding tube, this first is nested with
The second cylinder of the first cylindrical section of casing 21, casing conical section 23 and casing that the diameter that pipe includes connecting from bottom to top is sequentially increased
Section 24 connects this on the second cylindrical section of casing 24 first from embedding tube, this first includes being connected and interior be externally embedded to from embedding tube
Cylindrical section 26, the first middle cylindrical section 28, the first outer circle shell of column 30 in the first of set, the first outer circle shell of column 30 are higher than described first
Interior 26 and first middle cylindrical section 28 of cylindrical section, forms exposed cylinder radiator, and the first outer circle shell of column 30 extends inwardly downward
First cylindrical surface inner wall 32, the 32 interior nested space in formation top of the first cylindrical surface inner wall.
First middle cylindrical section 28 is nested in this in first outside cylindrical section 26, the first outer circle shell of column 30 be nested in this first
Outside middle cylindrical section 28, this is connected to joint face 27 in 26 upper end of cylindrical section in first with 28 upper end of the first middle cylindrical section, this
One middle cylindrical section, 28 lower end is connected to lower joint face 29 with 30 lower end of the first outer circle shell of column.The first cylindrical surface inner wall 32 it is straight
Diameter than first in 26 and first middle cylindrical section 28 of cylindrical section diameter it is big.
Second casing 40 includes the embedded casing of hollow second being connected, second from embedding tube, the second embedded casing
Casing third cylindrical section 42, the 4th cylindrical section 43 of casing being sequentially increased including the diameter connected from bottom to top, this is second from embedding
Casing includes being connected and cylindrical section 44, the second middle cylindrical section 46, the second outer circle shell of column 48 in inside and outside nested second, this
Two outer circle shell of columns 48 form exposed cylinder radiator higher than 44 and second middle cylindrical section 46 of cylindrical section in described second, and second
Outer circle shell of column 48 extends the second cylindrical surface inner wall 490 inwardly downward, and it is nested empty that top is formed in the second cylindrical surface inner wall 490
Between.
44 the 4th cylindrical section of connecting sleeve of cylindrical section, 43 upper end and than 43 diameter bigger of the 4th cylindrical section of casing in second, should
Second middle cylindrical section 46 is nested in this in second outside cylindrical section 44, which is nested in second middle cylindrical section 46
Outside, this is connected to joint face 45 in 44 upper end of cylindrical section in second with 46 upper end of the second middle cylindrical section, second middle cylindrical section
46 lower ends are connected to lower joint face 47 with 48 lower end of the second outer circle shell of column.The diameter of the second cylindrical surface inner wall 490 is than second
The diameter of interior cylindrical section 44 is big.
The floor 50 is circular shape shape floor, which is placed in floor overcentre, is equipped with and is situated between in 50 bottom of floor
Scutum 70, is equipped with the feeding centre hole 56 communicated on dielectric-slab 70 and floor 50, which includes the setting that links up from bottom to top
Bottom plate 51, backing plate 52, cone plate 53,51 size ratio backing plate 52 of bottom plate and cone plate 53 are big, 52 upper end of backing plate and cone plate 53
Lower end is in the same size, and 53 top of cone plate is straight, edge is inclined-plane 54.The ground board diameter and height are respectively Dg、Hg, Jie
Scutum 70 and 50 equal diameter of floor.
On floor, incline position is provided with multiple inverted L-shaped pieces by circumferential arrangement, and each inverted L-shaped piece includes sequentially connected straight
The bent sheet 63 of vertical piece 61, horizontal plate 62 and end, the height Hs value ranges of inverted L-shaped piece are 0.05 λl~0.15 λl, end
It is 90 °~180 ° to hold bending angle.
Feed metal ring 90 and dielectric ring 100, back taper pipe, the first set are equipped with above the feeding centre hole 56 on floor 50
Pipe, the second casing, floor, inverted L-shaped piece 60 justify battle array, feed metal ring 90 and the equal coaxial concentric row of dielectric ring 100, coaxial cable
Row, coaxial-cable feeder are passed through after each feeding centre hole 56, feed metal ring 90 and dielectric ring 100 upward successively to back taper pipe 10
Bottom, the outer conductor of feeder line are connect with feed metal ring 90, and inner wire is then connected with 10 bottom of back taper pipe.
Generally, the dielectric-slab and dielectric ring are using dielectric materials such as PTFE, PE, ABS, PC, ceramics；Feed coaxial cable
Using connectors such as SMA, BNC, TNC, N-types.Each conductive component of the super-wide band high-gain omnidirectional antenna is fine copper, copper alloy
Or the common metals such as aluminium material makes.
As alternative embodiment, can also a nested casing be only set on back taper pipe or in back taper Guan Shangshe
Put three or more nested casings.
The utility model carries out depth innovation on the basis of conventional monocone antenna, and it is embedding with one heart that cup-shaped back taper pipe is become more piece
The metal circular tube of set, and flooring design is stepped into multistage, and size is sufficiently large, and one group of circumference is set on floor step
The inverted L-shaped sheet metal of arrangement.Then, on floor and first segment metal tube gap location coaxial cable feed.It is arranged by above-mentioned
It applies, antenna is in 0.4~1.2GHz ultrabroad bands (BW=0.8GHz, 100%), nearly 0.718 λl50 Ω are realized in electrical length
Matched well (| S11|<- 10dB, it is minimum<- 40dB), gain reaches 4~8.1dBi, and relative bandwidth is up to 100%；Highest-gain with
The conventional five unit half-wave dipole arrays of equal aperture are suitable, 25.58~54.75 ° of vertical plane (E faces) half-power beam width, and
Wave beam is faced upward 25~61 °, is eliminated complicated power division network design, is reduced loss, improve efficiency (>=89%)；Horizontal plane
(H faces) out-of-roundness is less than 1.34dB.Also, the design it is short and small it is portable, bear that power is big, structural strength is high, economy and durability, be suitable
Close the preferred antenna design of UAV ground control station.In addition, this method also have thinking novelty, clear principle, method it is pervasive,
The features such as simple and practicable is also to be applicable in and have for the H/V polarization ultra-wideband omni-directional antenna optimization designs of more high-gain and improvement
Effect.
Design parameter please refers to Fig.1 5~27, as described below.
Figure 15 is the input impedance Z of super-wide band high-gain omnidirectional antennainFrequency characteristic.Wherein, horizontal axis (X-axis) is frequency
Rate f, unit GHz；The longitudinal axis (Y-axis) is input impedance Zin, unit Ω；Solid line represents real part Rin, dotted line expression imaginary part Xin。
Figure 16 is the reflectance factor of super-wide band high-gain omnidirectional antenna | S11| curve.Wherein, horizontal axis (X-axis) is frequency f, single
Position is GHz；The longitudinal axis (Y-axis) is S11Amplitude | S11|, unit dB.Known by figure, realized well in entire 0.4-1.2G frequency ranges
Impedance matching (| S11|≤- 10dB, bandwidth are more than 100%；Best match | S11|≤-40dB@0.96GHz)。
Figure 17 is the standing-wave ratio VSWR of super-wide band high-gain omnidirectional antenna.Wherein, horizontal axis (X-axis) is frequency f, and unit is
GHz；The longitudinal axis (Y-axis) is S11Amplitude | S11|, unit dB.Known by figure, good resistance is realized in entire 0.4-1.2G frequency ranges
(VSWR≤2.0, bandwidth are more than 100% for anti-matching；Best match VSWR |≤1.03@0.96GHz).
Figure 18 is super-wide band high-gain omnidirectional antenna in f1The 2D directional diagrams of=0.4GHz.Wherein, solid line represents H- faces
(Theta=48 °, Phi planes), dotted line represent E- faces (Phi=0 °, XOZ planes)；Gain G=4.3dBi, E faces half-power wave
HPBW=51 ° of beam width.
Figure 19 is super-wide band high-gain omnidirectional antenna in f2The 2D directional diagrams of=0.6GHz.Wherein, solid line represents H- faces
(Theta=56 °, Phi planes), dotted line represent E- faces (Phi=0 °, XOZ planes)；Gain G=4.0dBi, E faces half-power wave
HPBW=36.58 ° of beam width.
Figure 20 is super-wide band high-gain omnidirectional antenna in f3The 2D directional diagrams of=0.8GHz.Wherein, solid line represents H- faces
(Theta=30 °, Phi planes), dotted line represent E- faces (Phi=0 °, XOZ planes)；Gain G=7.35dBi, E faces half-power wave
HPBW=30.06 ° of beam width.
Figure 21 is super-wide band high-gain omnidirectional antenna in f3The 2D directional diagrams of=1.0GHz.Wherein, solid line represents H- faces
(Theta=36 °, Phi planes), dotted line represent E- faces (Phi=0 °, XOZ planes)；Gain G=6.16dBi, E faces half-power wave
HPBW=27.63 ° of beam width.
Figure 22 is super-wide band high-gain omnidirectional antenna in f3The 2D directional diagrams of=1.2GHz.Wherein, solid line represents H- faces
(Theta=65 °, Phi planes), dotted line represent E- faces (Phi=0 °, XOZ planes)；Gain G=4.08dBi, E faces half-power wave
HPBW=54.75 ° of beam width.
Figure 23 is the real gain G of super-wide band high-gain omnidirectional antenna with frequency f change curves.Wherein, horizontal axis (X-axis) is frequency
Rate f, unit GHz；The longitudinal axis (Y-axis) is gain G, unit dBi.In entire ultrabroad band (0.4~1.2GHz), gain G
=4~8.1dBi, suitable (about 5.0dBi) with low gain and two unit half-wave dipole arrays, high-gain is then suitable with Unit five.
Figure 24 is the E faces half-power beam width HPBW of super-wide band high-gain omnidirectional antenna with frequency f change curves.By scheming
Know, in entire ultrabroad band (0.4~1.2GHz), E faces half-power beam width range：HPBW=25.58 °~54.75 °.
Figure 25 is that the E faces maximum gain of super-wide band high-gain omnidirectional antenna is directed toward Theta angles with frequency f change curves.By
Figure is known, in entire ultrabroad band (0.4~1.2GHz), E faces maximum gain is directed toward Theta angular regions and is：Theta=29 °~
65 °, wave beam tilt angle is 25 °~61 °.
Figure 26 is the H faces out-of-roundness of super-wide band high-gain omnidirectional antenna with frequency f change curves.Known by figure, entire ultra-wide
In frequency band (0.4~1.2GHz), the out-of-roundness of H faces (Theta=30 °) is less than 1.34dBi (0.4~1.2GHz), azimuth plane spoke
It is fine to penetrate uniformity.
Figure 27 is the efficiency eta of super-wide band high-gain omnidirectional antennaAWith frequency f change curves.Known by figure, entire high-low frequency band
Interior, the efficiency of antenna is respectively 89~99.9%, and efficiency is very high.
It these are only the preferred embodiment of the utility model, be not limited to or limit the utility model.For this
For the research in field or technical staff, various modifications and changes may be made to the present invention.All spirit in the utility model
Within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should be included in the protection model that the utility model is stated
Within enclosing.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of super-wide band high-gain omnidirectional antenna, which is characterized in that it includes the radiant tube of at least two coaxial nestings of section, described
At least two section radiant tubes include be arranged on the back taper pipe of bottom and be arranged on nested mode on the back taper pipe at least one
Radiant tube is saved, at least two sections radiant tube setting is arranged on floor.
2. super-wide band high-gain omnidirectional antenna as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described to be arranged on the back taper pipe
At least one section radiant tube includes the first sleeve set gradually and the second casing, the first sleeve are inserted into from the back taper pipe upper end
In the back taper pipe, which is inserted into from the first sleeve upper end in the first sleeve.
3. super-wide band high-gain omnidirectional antenna as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the back taper pipe by center circle taper by
Gradual transition is the cylinder of end, and diameter constantly increases, the first sleeve include the embedded casing of hollow first being connected,
First from embedding tube, which includes the embedded casing of hollow second being connected, second from embedding tube, this is first from embedding
Casing and second respectively includes at least two layers casing of inside and outside nesting being connected from embedding tube.
4. super-wide band high-gain omnidirectional antenna as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the back taper pipe includes connecting from bottom to top
The first conical section of single cone that the diameter connect is sequentially increased, the second conical section of single cone, single cone cylindrical section, single cone first are justified
The bottom for boring section is equipped with feed circular hole, and the second conical section of the feed single cone of circular hole connection, single cone cylindrical section are until top end opening.
5. super-wide band high-gain omnidirectional antenna as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that inverted L-shaped piece is equipped on floor, it should
Inverted L-shaped piece includes sequentially connected vertical piece, horizontal plate and the bent sheet of end.
6. such as 4 or 5 any one of them super-wide band high-gain omnidirectional antenna of claim, which is characterized in that this first is nested with
The second cylindrical section of the first cylindrical section of casing, casing conical section and casing that the diameter that pipe includes connecting from bottom to top is sequentially increased,
This is connected on the second cylindrical section of casing first from embedding tube, this first includes being connected and inside and outside nested first from embedding tube
Interior cylindrical section, the first middle cylindrical section, the first outer circle shell of column, the first outer circle shell of column are higher than in described first in cylindrical section and first
Cylindrical section, forms exposed cylinder radiator, and the first outer circle shell of column inwardly toward extends down the first cylindrical surface inner wall, the first cylinder
The nested space in top is formed in the inner wall of face.
7. such as 4 or 5 any one of them super-wide band high-gain omnidirectional antenna of claim, which is characterized in that the second embedded casing
Casing third cylindrical section, the 4th cylindrical section of casing being sequentially increased including the diameter connected from bottom to top, this is second from embedding tube
Including being connected and cylindrical section, the second middle cylindrical section, the second outer circle shell of column in inside and outside nested second, the second outer circle shell of column
Cylindrical section and the second middle cylindrical section in higher than described second, form exposed cylinder radiator, the second outer circle shell of column inwardly toward under
Extend the second cylindrical surface inner wall, the nested space in top is formed in the second cylindrical surface inner wall.
8. such as 4 or 5 any one of them super-wide band high-gain omnidirectional antenna of claim, which is characterized in that the back taper pipe diameter
Value range is 0.03 λl~0.20 λl, total height H10.15 λ of value rangel~0.25 λl, wherein λlIt is minimum
Frequency wavelength is 2~3 highly with caliber ratio value range；Wall thickness is more than 0 and is less than back taper tube top end list cone cylindrical section half
Diameter.
9. such as claim 5 any one of them super-wide band high-gain omnidirectional antenna, which is characterized in that the floor is stepwise
Plate, the back taper pipe are placed in floor overcentre, and dielectric-slab is equipped in floor bottoms, and the feedback communicated is equipped on dielectric-slab and floor
Electrfic centre hole, the floor include link up the from bottom to top bottom plate set, backing plate, cone plate, and base plate size is than backing plate and cone plate
Greatly, straight, edge is inclined-plane at the top of the cone plate, which uses coaxial cable feed, outside cable
Conductor is connected across the stepped floor feeding centre hole with the stepped floor top center, and cable inner conductor extends to back taper
The feed circular hole of bottom of the tube, and connect with back taper bottom of the tube.
10. super-wide band high-gain omnidirectional antenna as claimed in claim 9, which is characterized in that the inverted L-shaped piece is sheet metal,
Floor is equipped with multiple inverted L-shaped pieces, and is set in floor incline position by circumferential arrangement, the height H of the inverted L-shaped piecesIt takes
It is worth ranging from 0.05 λl~0.15 λl, end bending angle is 90 °~180 °.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201721050572.6U CN207559044U (en) | 2017-08-22 | 2017-08-22 | Super-wide band high-gain omnidirectional antenna |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201721050572.6U CN207559044U (en) | 2017-08-22 | 2017-08-22 | Super-wide band high-gain omnidirectional antenna |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN207559044U true CN207559044U (en) | 2018-06-29 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107464992A (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2017-12-12 | 广东通宇通讯股份有限公司 | Super-wide band high-gain omnidirectional antenna |
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2017
- 2017-08-22 CN CN201721050572.6U patent/CN207559044U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107464992A (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2017-12-12 | 广东通宇通讯股份有限公司 | Super-wide band high-gain omnidirectional antenna |
| CN107464992B (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2023-08-08 | 广东通宇通讯股份有限公司 | Ultra-wideband high-gain omnidirectional antenna |
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