CN207451937U - The device of plasma-arc processing flying dust manufacture bead - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model is related to a kind of devices of plasma-arc processing flying dust manufacture bead, including furnace body, bottom of furnace body is fixed on slope chassis interior, and outer wall is welded on the outside of the pedestal of slope, and cooling water is housed in the cavity between outer wall and furnace body, the top of outer wall is provided with feed inlet, outer wall top is additionally provided with insulation sleeve, and graphite electrode stick, the upper end connection mechanical arm of graphite electrode stick are inserted into inside insulation sleeve, furnace interior is stretched into lower end, and graphite electrode stick moves up and down under the control of mechanical arm.Graphite electrode stick connects negative electricity, slope pedestal connects positive electricity, after energization, the in vivo flying dust of stove is thermally formed melting flying dust by the plasma-arc that graphite electrode stick is generated with bottom of furnace body, after positive and negative anodes short circuit, the excessively high melting flying dust of temperature sputters furnace body, and the molten drop fallen into cooling water quenches to form bead.The device of the utility model manufacture bead generates high value added product after causing processing flying dust, reduces the cost of processing flying dust.

Description

The device of plasma-arc processing flying dust manufacture bead

Technical field

The utility model belongs to plasma-arc processing flying dust field more particularly to a kind of plasma-arc processing flying dust system Make the device of bead.

Background technology

Containing harmful heavy metals substances such as substantial amounts of Cd, Cr, Ni, Pb in incineration of refuse flyash, and many height are adsorbed The persistence organic pollutant of toxicity difficult degradation.Therefore,《National Hazard waste register》Clear stipulaties its be hazardous waste, it is necessary to Through overstabilization, harmless treatment.At present, the processing method of more common incineration of refuse flyash mainly has isolation technics, cures Stabilization technology and heat treatment technics.

Plasma technique can be used for rubbish as a kind of new technology being used widely in the industry in recent years The processing of flying ash.Compared with traditional heat treatment technics, heat plasma technology has higher temperature and energy density, It can realize the vitrifying of flying dust, inhibit heavy metal transformation, it is considered to be the harmless processing one of the most effective ways of flying dust.

However plasma treatment flying dust cost is high, one day at most processing flying dust 30t of plasma apparatus of 2MW, the electricity charge Daily nearly four or five ten thousand, and the building stones that flying dust treated product is paved the way almost without utility value, most oversold work, basic flying dust Treated, and product is all sold out, and daily profit is also beaten less than 5000 yuan, and plasma treatment flying dust must must lean at present Government subsidy, can not independently survive, and seriously limit the application of plasma treatment flying dust, therefore be badly in need of energy after a kind of processing flying dust High value-added product is enough generated to make up the cost of plasma treatment flying dust.

The content of the invention

To solve the above-mentioned problems, the utility model provides a kind of dress of plasma-arc processing flying dust manufacture bead It puts, including furnace body, the bottom of furnace body is fixed on slope chassis interior, and slope seat top, institute are higher than at the top of the furnace body It states and outer wall is welded on the outside of the pedestal of slope, be equipped in the cavity between the outer wall and the furnace body less than cold at the top of furnace body But water, the top of the outer wall are provided with feed inlet, and the feed inlet is described outer by extending into the furnace interior at the top of outer wall Wall top is additionally provided with insulation sleeve, and graphite electrode stick, the upper end connection machine of the graphite electrode stick are inserted into inside the insulation sleeve Furnace interior is stretched into tool arm, lower end, and the graphite electrode stick moves down under the control of mechanical arm along the axial direction of insulation sleeve It is dynamic.

Further, the graphite electrode stick includes upper connecting pin, gas circuit and lower connecting pin, wherein, the upper connecting pin Positioned at the upper end of the graphite electrode stick, and the inner surface of connecting pin is provided with screw thread on described, and the lower connecting pin is located at The lower end of the graphite electrode stick, the lower connecting pin outer surface be provided with the upper matched screw thread in connecting pin, it is described Gas circuit is located at the axial middle part of the graphite electrode stick, and the gas circuit is the through hole of up/down perforation.

Further, the upper surface of the slope pedestal is sloped down to the interior table of the outer wall by furnace body outside Face.

Further, the outer wall lower end is provided with discharge door.

Further, the outer wall upper end is additionally provided with gas outlet and water inlet.

Further, the slope pedestal, furnace body, outer wall materials are metal material, and the slope pedestal is connecing power supply just Pole, the graphite electrode stick connects power cathode, and after energization, plasma is generated between the furnace body bottom and the graphite electrode stick Electric arc.

Preferably, the material of the slope pedestal is stainless steel, and the material of the furnace body is heat resisting steel, the material of the outer wall Expect for stainless steel.

Further, the graphite electrode bar material is high purity graphite, has resistance to burning, heat-resisting quantity.

Further, using the method for the device manufacturing bead, include the following steps：

1) make to generate plasma-arc between graphite electrode stick and furnace body bottom using electric current；

2) flying dust is inputted into furnace body successively, it will using the plasma-arc between graphite electrode stick and bottom of furnace body Flying dust forms melting flying dust after melting, melting flying dust, which departs from, forms high-temperature plasma electricity between furnace body bottom and graphite electrode stick Arc；

3) increase the feeding amount of flying dust, using the temperature of plasma-arc, make the incrementss of flying dust and melted mass maintain an equal level or Person is more than the melted mass of flying dust；

4) being continuously added with flying dust, the length reduction of the plasma-arc between graphite electrode stick and melting flying dust, Plasma voltage reduces, and the signal that voltage reduces reaches controller by sensor, and the action of controller control machinery arm makes machinery Arm clamping graphite electrode stick move up, until graphite electrode stick and melting flying dust between reach a certain distance so that wait from Sub- voltage stabilization is in setting value；

5) outer wall upper end is detected the liquid level for melting flying dust using ultrasonic wave, when liquid level reaches feed inlet bottom When, stop input flying dust, plasma-arc is made to continue heating a period of time to melting flying dust, make the flying dust not melted all molten Melt；

6) graphite electrode stick is inserted among melting flying dust, makes short circuit occur between positive and negative anodes, and then electric current increases, temperature Rise, melting flying dust overheat, splashes so as to form molten drop；

7) a certain amount of water is passed through among melting flying dust by gas circuit；

8) molten drop to splash away falls into quick refrigeration in cooling water and quenches, and forms bead；

9) bead in the step 8) is slid along slope pedestal to discharge door position, treats that bead reaches certain Quantity after, open discharge door bead is taken out.

Further, after the melting flying dust in the step 7) is splashed away by way of molten drop, the in vivo melting of stove The liquid level of flying dust can decline, after the liquid level of melting flying dust drops to certain height, between graphite electrode stick and melting flying dust High-temperature plasma electric arc is continuously formed, at this point, continuing to put into flying dust to furnace interior, moves in circles, constantly forms bead.

Further, when the graphite electrode stick soon exhausts, by by the upper connecting pin of graphite electrode stick with it is another The lower connecting pin of root graphite electrode stick to be used is threadedly coupled, and graphite electrode stick is made to keep stable work.

A kind of the advantages of device and method of plasma-arc processing flying dust manufacture bead of the utility model, is：

1. the device and method for the plasma-arc processing flying dust manufacture bead that the present invention designs, can be effectively and thorough Ground handles flying dust, does not have secondary pollution in processing procedure.

2. the device of the plasma-arc processing flying dust manufacture bead of the utility model design, equipment is simple, and processing is held Easily, processing cost is relatively low.

3. the device of the plasma-arc processing flying dust manufacture bead of the utility model design, pedestal and outer wall on slope Between cavity in equipped with cooling water, can be spent by high furnace body and cooled down for melting and boiling process medium temperature well, stove Body is not only the melting furnace of melting flying dust, even more acts as incinerator, without being further added by incinerator, and then is the manufacture of the present invention Technique saves cost.

4. the device of the plasma-arc processing flying dust manufacture bead of the utility model design, using graphite electrode stick, Electric energy can be effectively utilized, improves the utilization rate of electric energy, reduces the cost of corona treatment flying dust.

5. being provided with gas circuit in the utility model in the middle part of graphite electrode stick, plasma gas can be passed through in gas circuit, utilizes gas The chemical energy of body in the case where not reducing and using voltage, can suitably reduce the utilization to electric energy.

6. the device of the plasma-arc processing flying dust manufacture bead of the utility model design, the glass generated after processing Pearl can be sold as a kind of product with added value, compensate for the significant cost of corona treatment flying dust.From basic On change processing flying dust economic property, corona treatment flying dust is turned loss into gain.

Description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of the device of the utility model plasma-arc processing flying dust manufacture bead.

Fig. 2 is that the melting flying dust of the utility model plasma-arc processing flying dust manufacture bead and graphite electrode stick rise Schematic diagram.

Fig. 3 is the molten drop splashing schematic diagram of the utility model plasma-arc processing flying dust manufacture bead.

Fig. 4 is the graphite electrode stick structure diagram of the utility model plasma-arc processing flying dust manufacture bead.

Wherein, 1- graphite electrodes stick, 2- gas outlets, 3- water inlets, 4- outer walls, 5- furnace bodies, 6- plasma-arcs, 7- meltings Flying dust, 8- discharge doors, 9- slopes pedestal, 10- feed inlets, 11- insulation sleeves, 12- cooling waters, 13- molten drops, the upper connecting pins of 14-, Connecting pin under 15- gas circuits, 16-.

Specific embodiment

Below with reference to attached drawing, to the device of the plasma-arc processing flying dust manufacture bead of the utility model into traveling One step it is described in detail.

The structure diagram of the device of flying dust manufacture bead is handled according to the utility model Fig. 1 plasma-arcs, it is described The device of plasma-arc processing flying dust manufacture bead includes graphite electrode stick 1, gas outlet 2, water inlet 3, outer wall 4, furnace body 5th, plasma-arc 6, melting flying dust 7, discharge door 8, slope pedestal 9, feed inlet 10, insulation sleeve 11, cooling water 12.The furnace body 5 bottoms are fixed on inside slope pedestal 9, and 5 top of furnace body is higher than at the top of the slope pedestal 9, outside the slope pedestal 9 Side is welded with outer wall 4, and the cooling water 12 less than 5 top of furnace body, institute are housed in the cavity between the outer wall 4 and the furnace body 5 The top for stating outer wall 4 is provided with feed inlet 10, and the feed inlet 10 is extend by 4 top of outer wall inside the furnace body 5, described outer 4 top of wall is additionally provided with insulation sleeve 11, the 11 inside insertion graphite electrode stick 1 of insulation sleeve, the upper end of the graphite electrode stick 1 Mechanical arm is connected, lower end is stretched into inside furnace body 5, and the graphite electrode stick 1 is under the control of mechanical arm along the axial direction of insulation sleeve 11 Direction moves up and down.Heat-resisting steel material can be used in feed inlet 10 in the present invention.

Embodiment according to the present utility model, 4 upper end of outer wall of the invention is additionally provided with gas outlet 2 and water inlet 3, described The material of gas outlet 2 and 4 material identical of outer wall, contribute to the stability of welding, and gas outlet 2 is used to export at plasma-arc The exhaust gas generated after reason flying dust.

Embodiment according to the present utility model, 3 material of water inlet positioned at 4 upper end of outer wall of the invention is identical with outer wall 4, The purpose is to be convenient for welding, the effect of the water inlet 3 is to inject cooling water 12 in the cavity between furnace body 5 and outer wall 4.

Embodiment according to the present utility model, 4 material of outer wall of the invention are stainless steel, are welded in the slope pedestal Melting with the cavity that furnace body 5 is formed as water cooling pond, is sputtered the molten drop 13 come in time and cooled down by 9 outside.

It is the plasma-arc processing flying dust manufacture melting flying dust of bead and graphite electrode stick according to the utility model Fig. 2 Rising schematic diagram, this schematic diagram is to be input in flying dust by feed inlet 10 in furnace body 5, and in graphite electrode stick 1 and furnace body 5 Between under the heating of plasma-arc 6 that is formed, the flying dust of input becomes to melt flying dust 7, since the input quantity of melting flying dust 7 is continuous Increase, melting flying dust 7 are gradually increasing in furnace body 5, and therewith, graphite electrode stick 1 is also presented what is risen under the control of mechanical arm State.

It is the molten drop splashing schematic diagram of plasma-arc processing flying dust manufacture bead according to the utility model Fig. 3, due to When the temperature for melting flying dust 7 is sufficiently high, fluidized state is presented in melting flying dust, and molten drop 13 occurs and sputtered out of furnace body 5 To fall into water cooling pond.

It is the graphite electrode stick structural representation of plasma-arc processing flying dust manufacture bead according to the utility model Fig. 4 Figure, the graphite electrode stick include upper connecting pin 14, gas circuit 15, lower connecting pin 16, and the upper connecting pin 14 is located at the graphite The upper end of electrode bar 1, and the inner surface of connecting pin 14 is provided with screw thread on described, the lower connecting pin 16 is located at the graphite The lower end of electrode bar 1, lower 16 outer surface of connecting pin are provided with and the upper 14 matched screw thread of connecting pin, the gas circuit 15 are located at the axial middle part of the graphite electrode stick 1, and the gas circuit 15 is the through hole of up/down perforation.The gas circuit 15 is used for toward stove Gas or water are added in body 5.

Embodiment according to the present utility model, the material of graphite electrode stick 1 is high purity graphite in the utility model, is had resistance to It burns, heat safe characteristic, the effect of the graphite electrode stick 1 in the present invention is to connect power cathode, is formed between melting flying dust high Warm plasma-arc, handles flying dust.

High-temperature plasma electric arc in the utility model for graphite electrode stick 1 and melts the transferred arc generated between flying dust, It is that heating flying dust makes it that molten condition be presented that it, which is acted on,.Melting flying dust in the present invention is the flying dust after thawing, and solid-state flying dust does not have There is conductive characteristic, since ion can move freely after flying dust melts, the flying dust of molten condition has conductive characteristic, and melts The effect of flying dust is that transferred-arc plasma is generated between conduction electric energy, with graphite electrode stick 1, and melting flying dust overheat, which is splashed, to be generated Molten drop 13 will fall into cooling water 12.

Discharge door 8 is provided in 4 bottom of outer wall of the utility model, the material of the discharge door 8 is stainless steel, is acted on It is when the bead quantity in cooling water 12 reaches a certain amount, opens discharge door 8, takes out bead.

11 material of insulation sleeve that 4 top of outer wall of the utility model is set is fiberglass, and effect is isolation graphite electrode Stick 1 and outer wall 4, since graphite electrode stick 1 is negatively charged, 4 positively charged of outer wall, if not taking insulating measure, in furnace body 5 and graphite It will be unable to generate plasma-arc between electrode bar 1.

The tap water that cooling water 12 in the utility model uses, quenches the molten drop 13 for flying into water cooling pond cold in time But.

Embodiment according to the present utility model, using the method for plasma-arc processing flying dust manufacture bead, including such as Lower step：

1) make to generate plasma-arc 6 between 5 bottom of graphite electrode stick 1 and furnace body using smaller current；

2) flying dust is inputted into furnace body 5 successively, it will using the plasma-arc 6 between 5 bottom of graphite electrode stick 1 and furnace body Flying dust forms melting flying dust after melting, melting flying dust is conductive, can depart between 5 bottom of furnace body and graphite electrode stick 1 Form high-temperature plasma electric arc；

3) increase the feeding amount of flying dust, using the temperature of plasma-arc 6, make the incrementss of flying dust and melted mass maintain an equal level or Person is slightly larger than the melted mass of flying dust；

4) being continuously added with flying dust, the length reduction of the plasma-arc between graphite electrode stick and melting flying dust, Melting the liquid level of flying dust 7 will be continuously improved, the length meeting of the high-temperature plasma electric arc between graphite electrode stick 1 and melting flying dust 7 Correspondingly shorten so that plasma voltage reduces, and the signal that voltage reduces reaches controller, controller control machine by sensor Tool arm acts, and moves up mechanical arm clamping graphite electrode stick 1, reaches until between graphite electrode stick 1 and melting flying dust During 100-300mm so that plasma voltage stabilization is in setting value；

5) 4 upper end of outer wall is detected the liquid level for melting flying dust 7 using ultrasonic wave, when liquid level reaches feed inlet 10 During bottom, stop input flying dust, plasma-arc 6 is made to continue heating a period of time to melting flying dust 7, ensures the flying dust not melted All meltings；

6) after flying dust all melting, among graphite electrode stick 1 is inserted into melting flying dust, at this point, can shape between anode and cathode Into short-circuit condition, electric current increased dramatically, and the temperature of melting flying dust 7 drastically raises, and the phenomenon that splashing of molten drop 13 occurs in melting flying dust；

7) a certain amount of water is passed through among melting flying dust 7 by gas circuit 15, water can be so that melt after entering melting flying dust 7 The boiling expansion of flying dust 7, and then aggravate molten drop 13 and splash；

8) molten drop 13 to splash away falls into quick refrigeration in cooling water 12 and quenches, and molten drop molecule has little time to arrange again It arranges and then forms bead；

9) bead in the step 8) is slid along slope pedestal 9 to 8 position of discharge door, treats that bead reaches one After fixed quantity, open discharge door 8 and take out bead.

For step 1), since solid flying dust does not have electric conductivity, before energization, flying dust is not inputted in furnace body 5, and And to avoid burning furnace body 5, smaller electric current operation can be used in incipient electric current.

After being splashed away for the melting flying dust 7 in step 7) by way of molten drop 13, the melting flying dust 7 in furnace body 5 Liquid level can decline, after melting flying dust 7 liquid level drop to certain height after, graphite electrode stick 1 and melting flying dust 7 between after It is continuous to form high-temperature plasma electric arc, at this point, continuing to put into flying dust to the inside of furnace body 5, move in circles, constantly form bead.

Embodiment according to the present utility model, when the graphite electrode stick 1 soon exhausts, by by graphite electrode stick 1 Upper connecting pin 14 be threadedly coupled with the lower connecting pin 16 of another graphite electrode stick 1 to be used, so as to extend graphite electricity The length of pole stick 1 makes graphite electrode stick 1 keep stable work.

In the utility model device operational process, furnace body is constantly subjected to the water cooling protection of cooling water 12, avoids furnace body 5 Scorification.

After the bead obtained in the utility model is by carrying out it certain polishing processing, you can make corresponding real estate Product are sold, so as to bring economic benefit for processing flying dust.

In the utility model, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " installation ", " connected ", " connection ", " Gu It is fixed " etc. terms should be interpreted broadly, for example, it may be being fixedly connected or being detachably connected or integral；Can be Mechanical connection or electrical connection；It can be directly connected, can also be indirectly connected by intermediary, can be two The interaction relationship of connection or two elements inside element.It for the ordinary skill in the art, can basis Concrete condition understands the concrete meaning of above-mentioned term in the present invention.

In the utility model, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, fisrt feature is "above" or "below" second feature Can be that the first and second features contact directly or the first and second features pass through intermediary mediate contact.Moreover, first is special Sign second feature " on ", " top " and " above " can be fisrt feature directly over second feature or oblique upper or only Represent that fisrt feature level height is higher than second feature.Fisrt feature second feature " under ", " lower section " and " below " can be with It is fisrt feature immediately below second feature or obliquely downward or is merely representative of fisrt feature level height less than second feature.

In the description of this specification, reference term " one embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " specifically show The description of example " or " some examples " etc. means specific features, structure, material or the spy for combining the embodiment or example description Point is contained at least one embodiment of the present invention or example.In the present specification, schematic expression of the above terms is not It must be directed to identical embodiment or example.Moreover, particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be any It is combined in an appropriate manner in a or multiple embodiments or example.In addition, without conflicting with each other, the technology of this field Different embodiments described in this specification or example and different embodiments or exemplary feature can be combined by personnel.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of device of plasma-arc processing flying dust manufacture bead, including furnace body, which is characterized in that the bottom of furnace body Slope chassis interior is fixed on, slope base top is higher than at the top of furnace body, outer wall is welded on the outside of the slope pedestal, it is described It is equipped in cavity between outer wall and the furnace body less than the cooling water at the top of furnace body；

The top of the outer wall is provided with feed inlet, and the feed inlet at the top of outer wall by extending into the furnace interior；

The outer wall top is additionally provided with insulation sleeve, and graphite electrode stick is inserted into inside the insulation sleeve, the graphite electrode stick Upper end connects mechanical arm, and furnace interior is stretched into lower end, and the graphite electrode stick is under the control of mechanical arm along the axial direction of insulation sleeve It moves up and down.

2. the device of plasma-arc processing flying dust manufacture bead according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the stone Electrode ink stick includes upper connecting pin, gas circuit and lower connecting pin, wherein,

The upper connecting pin is located at the upper end of the graphite electrode stick, and the inner surface of connecting pin is provided with screw thread on described,

The lower connecting pin is located at the lower end of the graphite electrode stick, and the lower connecting pin outer surface is provided with and the upper connection Matched screw thread is held,

The gas circuit is located at the axial middle part of the graphite electrode stick, and the gas circuit is the through hole of up/down perforation.

3. the device of plasma-arc processing flying dust manufacture bead according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described oblique The upper surface of bottom of slope seat is sloped down to the inner surface of the outer wall by furnace body outside.

4. the device of plasma-arc processing flying dust manufacture bead according to claim 3, which is characterized in that described outer Wall lower end is provided with discharge door.

5. the device of plasma-arc processing flying dust manufacture bead according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described outer Wall upper end is additionally provided with gas outlet and water inlet.

6. the device of plasma-arc processing flying dust manufacture bead according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described oblique Bottom of slope seat, furnace body, outer wall materials are metal material,

The slope pedestal connects positive pole, and the graphite electrode stick connects power cathode, after energization, the furnace body bottom with it is described Plasma-arc is generated between graphite electrode stick.

7. the device of plasma-arc processing flying dust manufacture bead according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the stone Electrode ink bar material is high purity graphite, has resistance to burning, heat-resisting quantity.