CN207435085U - Minimize positive pressure distillation seawater desalination system - Google Patents
Minimize positive pressure distillation seawater desalination system Download PDFInfo
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- CN207435085U CN207435085U CN201721527769.4U CN201721527769U CN207435085U CN 207435085 U CN207435085 U CN 207435085U CN 201721527769 U CN201721527769 U CN 201721527769U CN 207435085 U CN207435085 U CN 207435085U
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- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
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Abstract
The purpose of this utility model is to provide miniaturization positive pressure distillation seawater desalination systems, including feed water preheater, feed pump, evaporator, steam-water separator, condenser, condensate pump, heat exchanger tube in the drain pipe connection feed water preheater of evaporator, the water outlet of feed water preheater connects the heat-exchanging component in evaporator by feed pump, the import of steam-water separator is mounted on the steam outlet of evaporator, the shell side import of the outlet condenser of steam-water separator, the tube side of condenser cycles low temperature seawater by water circulating pump, the shell-side outlet connection condensate pump of condenser, the outlet connection discharge pipe of condensate pump, discharge pipe is respectively communicated with fresh-water tank and by-pass line.The utility model is not only compact-sized, control is simple, installation and maintenance space is small, but also improves capacity usage ratio, produces the rate of recovery of water, reduces the investment of equipment, reduce the consumption of the energy, substantially increases the reliability and economy of device.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of seawater treatment apparatus, specifically desalination plant.
Background technology
Ship Power Equipment needs to consume a large amount of fresh water, is mainly used as diesel coolant, boiler feedwater, the life of crewman
With water etc..Sea water desalination is to ensure the effective way that fresh water needed for ship is continually and steadily supplied with supplement.
The development of marine sea water desalting technological industrialization is started from the 1950s, so far, in the world desalination technology
Very ripe, multistage flash distillation (MSF), multi-effect distilling (MED) and reverse osmosis (RO) are the big mainstream skills of three generally used
Art.Multistage flash distillation is because the economy that desalination plant is improved when recycling of heat；It to seethe with excitement, keep away because there is no heating surfaces
Heating surface fouling and corrosion are exempted from and have improved the feasibility and security of device, be most widely used, largest, maturity highest
Desalination technology.
It is multistage that Chinese patent (CN101139119A, CN1724394A and CN101973596A) describes a kind of backheating type
Flashing desalination unit or calm the anger flash method desalination plant and method.These devices take full advantage of circulated heat
Heat power efficiency and economy are improved, but its kit form is more complicated, structure is relatively complicated.Low temperature multiple-effect distillation diabatic process
For boiling and condensing heat-exchange, heat transfer coefficient is very high, and power consumption is few, and device is simple, compact-sized.Chinese patent
(CN202284171U) a kind of low-temperature multi-effect evaporation seawater desalinization device with reasonable circulation arrangement is described.The device uses
The new flow arrangement mode of a kind of " piecewise-parallel-forward feed ", is not separately provided flash tank, and power plant can be utilized low-grade
Waste heat so as to greatly reduce water producing cost and effectively reduce fouling and corrosion generation.But in the example of the patent,
Not yet provide specific experimental data.The modular designs of reverse osmosis seawater desalting reduce maintenance requirement, improve reliability,
Again because its full electric power operation performance is stablized, and size is small need not use good antiscale property chemical agent, therefore also puts into ship
It uses.Chinese patent (CN1583605A) describe it is a kind of using the reverse osmosis process for desalinating seawater being combined with nanofiltration and
Equipment effectively improves the production water rate of recovery of sea water desalination, simplifies investment goods, energy saving consumption.But reverse osmosis membrane price
It is higher, it is not easy maintaining, attenuation soon, generally reverse osmosis produced water quality is low compared with the way of distillation.
Desalting plant peculiar to vessel due to space is limited on ship and running environment is unstable etc., except consider economy it
Outside, also there is tightened up requirement to its volume, reliability, antijamming capability and production water quality.
The content of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is to provide solving, sea water desalination energy consumption of the prior art is big, device complexity,
Occupied space is big, fresh water is poor quality and miniaturization positive pressure distillation seawater desalination system the problems such as poor anti jamming capability.
What the purpose of this utility model was realized in：
The utility model minimizes positive pressure distillation seawater desalination system, it is characterized in that：Including feed water preheater, feed pump,
Evaporator, steam-water separator, condenser, condensate pump, the drain pipe of evaporator connect the heat exchanger tube in feed water preheater, and feedwater is pre-
The water outlet of hot device connects the heat-exchanging component in evaporator by feed pump, and the import of steam-water separator is mounted on the steaming of evaporator
At vapor outlet, the shell side import of the outlet condenser of steam-water separator, the tube side of condenser is cycled low by water circulating pump
Warm seawater, the shell-side outlet connection condensate pump of condenser, the outlet connection discharge pipe of condensate pump, discharge pipe is respectively communicated with light
Water tank and by-pass line.
The utility model can also include：
1st, the heat-exchanging component is herringbone corrugated plating, and the material of plate is titanium, exchanges the medium of heat and is filled for power
Put aerogenesis or exhaust.
The 2nd, water level controller in evaporator is set, evaporator drain pipe is set below evaporator, evaporator drain pipe is drawn
Blow-off pipe and return duct set motor-driven valve, the pipeline between return duct connection feed water preheater and feed pump, feedwater on blow-off pipe
Check-valves is set on the pipeline of pump discharge, and the pipeline at check-valves rear draws lateral line, lateral line connection feed water preheater water inlet
The pipeline of mouth.
The 3rd, salinity sensor on discharge pipe is set, solenoid valve, solenoid valve and salt are installed between discharge pipe and fresh-water tank
Degree sensor is all connected with conductivity meter, and by-pass line installs valve, pressure sensor is installed before valve.
4th, the seawater by filtering, desalination pretreatment flows into feed water preheater, the hydrophobic preheating discharged by evaporator；
The seawater of preheating is sent through feed pump supercharging to the heat-exchanging component of evaporator, and heat exchange is carried out with once heating steam
Evaporation generates indirect steam；
The water droplet that indirect steam carries saliferous flows through steam-water separator removing saliferous water droplet；
The steam for removing saliferous water droplet flows into condenser, and indirect steam is condensed into fresh water by condenser；
Fresh water enters discharge pipe, is detected through salinity sensor, and the fresh water of quality qualification is sent to fresh-water tank, underproof
Water, conductivity meter send signal control solenoid valve close, pressure sensor monitoring to by-pass line pressure rise and more than set
Valve opening is controlled during value, discharges unqualified water.
The advantage of the utility model is：The utility model is not only compact-sized, control is simple, installation and maintenance space is small,
And capacity usage ratio is improved, the rate of recovery of water is produced, reduces the investment of equipment, the consumption of the energy is reduced, substantially increases
The reliability and economy of device.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of the utility model；
Fig. 2 is the utility model herringbone corrugated plating heat-exchanging component structure diagram；
Fig. 3 is the serials control figure of the utility model condensate, heating steam and feedwater.
Specific embodiment
It illustrates below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the utility model is described in more detail：
With reference to Fig. 1-3, the sea water desalination experimental system of the utility model, including condenser 1, evaporator 2, steam-water separator
3rd, water level controller 4, herringbone corrugated plating heat-exchanging component 5, pressure gauge 6,17, thermometer 7, pressure difference transmitter 8, flowmeter 9, electricity
Dynamic control valve 10, shut-off valve 11, check-valves 12, feed pump 13, feed water preheater 14, condensate pump 15, pressure sensor 16, salinity
Sensor 18, conductivity meter 19, solenoid valve 20, try cock 21.
The method of this experimental system：Under nominal situation, the valve of supply line, steam pipework and fresh water conveyance conduit is opened
Door, and ensure that fresh water bypass line and feed pump bypass line valve are closed, the seawater in raw water box first in preheater 14 by
Carry out the hydrophobic of 50 DEG C of flash-pot to be preheated, be heated to 35 DEG C and be delivered to evaporator 2 through feed pump, feedwater flow is
300kg/h；The heating steam that evaporator uses comes from power set aerogenesis or exhaust, is operated under positive pressure operating mode, by seawater plus
Thermal evaporation；Wet steam flow isolates more than 99% seawater, obtains high-quality through the steam-water separator 3 in evaporator rear cover
Steam；By 20 DEG C of cooling water condensation, the water inlet of condensate pump 15 is flowed into via condensate pipeline in condenser 1 for steam；Condensate
Pump discharge pipe road installation salinity sensor 18, it is defeated if fresh water quality is qualified to monitor produced fresh water salt content in real time
It send to fresh-water tank, when salt content is exceeded, solenoid valve 20 is closed, the controlled automatic opening of solenoid valve of bypass, unqualified fresh water row
Go out outboard.
As shown in Fig. 2, the herringbone corrugated plating heat-exchanging component is pressed by the titanium corrugated cardboard sheet of many compression mouldings
Certain intervals, for surrounding by gasket seal, the connection of gasket and plate uses free bonding mode to mitigate corrosion, convenient to overhaul,
And passing through frame and fishbolt compress, four corner apertures of plate form the distribution pipe and manifold trunk of fluid, heating
Steam and the feedwater alternately fluid interchange between plate.
As shown in figure 3, tandem control of the seawater desalination system using flow between condensate, heating steam and feedwater
It makes to realize the fresh water yield of the system and automatically controlling for system.When the flowmeter of condensate pipeline monitors condensate flow height
When the production water target of (or less than) setting, control system send the motor-driven valve of signal control jet chimney aperture become smaller (or
Become larger), steam flow becomes smaller (or becoming larger) therewith, and the motor-driven valve of steam flow transmitter output signal control supply line is opened
Degree becomes smaller (or becoming larger), and then changes the feedwater flow of evaporator, so as to which the fresh water yield of seawater desalination system be controlled to keep permanent
It is fixed.
The evaporator fluid level controller monitoring evaporator water level, when water level is excessively high reach evaporator setting highest water
During position, the motor-driven valve that controller sends signal control of sewage disposal pipeline realizes urgent excretion；When water level is beyond normal work water level line
When, the aperture for adjusting motor-driven valve realizes interrupted blow down；If evaporator water level is too low, motor-driven valve is closed to maintain the water of evaporator
Position.
The above-mentioned technical problem of the utility model is mainly addressed by following technical proposals：Its basic principle is, first
First carry out desalination pretreatment to seawater, filter suspended solids and bacterial micro-organism, reducing that the equipment such as evaporator silt up can with fouling
It can property；Seawater by pretreatment, which is pumped in evaporator to be evaporated by power set heating exhaust gas, generates indirect steam；Steam leads to
Cross efficient steam-water separator and reduce humidity, improve quality after flow into shell-and-tube cooler, fresh water is condensed by low temperature seawater.
The utility model provides a kind of processing method of sea water desalination, compared with low temperature distillation sea water desalination, the experiment
The evaporator and condenser of system are in barotropic state, and water vapour specific volume is small, and specific heat at constant pressure is larger, needed for evaporation and condensation process
Heat exchange area and vaporization flow resistance are smaller so that equipment and line size become smaller, and device is more compact.High temperature distillation condenser
The temperature difference is big, is influenced small, strong environmental adaptability, device strong antijamming capability by ocean temperature variation.Further, positive pressure system
The vacuum pump and blowdown pump extracted with waste water need not be vacuumized, system structure and control flow is not only simplified, and excludes
The possibility that air is leak by device imprecision improves system reliability.
Method for desalting seawater is carried out successively by following scheme：Seawater by pretreatment flows into feed water preheater 14, is steamed
The hydrophobic of the hair discharge of device 2 is preheated to 35 DEG C；The seawater of preheating is pressurized pumping over to plate-type evaporator 2 through feed pump 13, is steamed with heating
Vapour carries out heat exchange evaporation and generates initial steam；Steam, which carries saliferous drop, can increase the salt content of produced fresh water, thus steam
It sends out device rear cover vapor flowing space and steam-water separator 3 is set, moist steam discharges more than 99% seawater mist by steam-water separator
Drop；Steam after dehumidifying is taken over through indirect steam flows into shell-and-tube cooler 1, and low temperature seawater is pumped into condenser through water circulating pump and changes
Indirect steam is condensed into fresh water by heat pipe；Fresh water conveyance conduit installation on-line monitoring conductivity meter 17 with monitor in real time production fresh water
Salt content, the fresh water of quality qualification is pumped to fresh-water tank through condensate, if it is detected that condensation water salinity is exceeded, solenoid valve 20 closes
It closes, the valve opening of by-pass line, unqualified fresh water is drained into the bilge.
Fresh water transfer pipeline is divided into main pipeline and by-pass line, and solenoid valve is installed on main pipeline, pressure is installed on by-pass line
Force snesor and solenoid valve.When device works normally, the solenoid valve of main pipeline is opened, and by-pass line solenoid valve often closes, fresh water warp
Fresh-water tank is transported to by main pipeline, if because the equipment faults such as steam-water separator, fresh water salinity exceed preset value, electrical conductivity
Instrument sends signal control solenoid valve and closes, and cut-out condensate avoids the production water of fresh-water tank from being contaminated, together to the passage between fresh-water tank
When, when pressure sensor 16 monitors that bypass line pressure is more than setting value, bypass solenoid valve is opened, by the exceeded fresh water of salinity
Discharge.
The heat exchange element of evaporator 2 is herringbone corrugated plating, and the material selected by the plate is titanium, and titanium is to seawater
In chloride and other saliferous compounds have very strong anti-stress corrosion performance.The herringbone of heat exchanger plates described in the utility model
The design of shape ripple makes fluid that strong flow-disturbing occur at low flow rates, dirt to be prevented to be attached to heat exchange plate surface, thus steams
It is very high to send out device heat transfer efficiency.Since heat exchanger plates are easily disassembled, optimal heat transfer efficiency can be obtained by the number for adjusting heat exchanger plates
And heat exchange capacity.The more traditional copper tube shell type structure of the utility model titanium matter plate-type evaporator is more compact, shutdown maintenance frequency
Low, unit efficiency and economy increase.
The water level of evaporator is monitored and controlled in real time by its internal water level controller 4, and water level controller is connected to master control
System processed controls evaporator water level by adjusting the action of motor-operated control valve of by-pass line.
Feed water preheater 14 takes full advantage of equipment waste heat, with evaporation as the built-in heat exchanger for improving capacity usage ratio
Hydrophobic device is heat source, and raw water is heated by flowing through preheater internal heat exchange tubes, improves evaporator feedwater inlet temperature,
Improve unit efficiency and economy.
The outlet of water tank is connected with preheater import, and preheater discharge connection connects with feedwater pump inlet, and feed pump will be given
For water by discharge connection pumping over to evaporator, the steam drainage of evaporator is flowed into the heat exchanger tube in feed-tank, preheating by drain water piping
Outboard is discharged after seawater, a sewerage part for evaporator imports feed pump entrance sleeve by blow-off line and given as Xun Huan
Water, another part are expelled directly out out of my cabin by bypass line, and the steam (vapor) outlet of evaporator and the steam inlet of condenser connect, condensation
Fresh water is delivered to fresh-water tank by the water inlet of the condensation water tank outlet connection condenser pump of device, condensate pump.
Positive pressure distillation seawater desalination method flow carries out in the following order successively：
Seawater by filtering, desalination pretreatment flows into feed water preheater, the hydrophobic preheating discharged by evaporator；
The seawater of preheating is pressurized pumping over to plate-type evaporator through feed pump, and heat exchange evaporation is carried out with once heating steam
Generate indirect steam；
Indirect steam carries the very high water droplet of salinity and flows through high-efficiency steam-water separator to remove saliferous water droplet raising steam
Quality；
For steam after dehumidifying through indirect steam take over inflow shell-and-tube cooler, low temperature seawater is pumped into condensation through cycling the pump housing
Indirect steam is condensed into fresh water by device heat exchanger tube；
The online conductivity meter of fresh water conveyance conduit installation production fresh water salt content to monitor, the fresh water of quality qualification is through condensate
It is pumped to fresh-water tank；If it is excessively high to detect fresh water salinity, conductivity meter sends signal control solenoid valve and closes fresh water pipeline, pressure
Sensor monitoring controls bypass solenoid valve to open to bypass line pressure rise and when being more than setting value, discharges unqualified production water.
Evaporator, the operating pressure of condenser are local atmospheric pressure, and using positive pressure or atmospheric evaporation, vapor specific volume is small,
Plant bulk can be reduced；It need not establish simultaneously and keep stablizing vacuum so that fresh water generator and its control system are simplified,
Reliability improves.
Feed-tank takes full advantage of equipment waste heat, improves capacity usage ratio, hydrophobic for heat source with evaporator, pre- by feeding water
Hot device heats raw water, improves evaporator feedwater inlet temperature, improves economy.
Feed water preheater is connected with steam drainage pipeline and sea water tank, soft seawater under the driving of feed pump via to
Water preheater flows into evaporator, the sewerage of evaporator one with coming after the hydrophobic carry out heat exchange of flash-pot improves temperature
Divide and feed pump entrance sleeve is imported by bypass line, another part directly discharges outboard, the steam-water separation through blow-off line
Device is connected by closing flange and sealing plate with evaporator, and to separate the saliferous drop of initial steam carrying, the condenser is by secondary steaming
Steam pipe road is connected with evaporator, and fresh water is delivered to by the water inlet of the condensation water tank outlet connection condenser pump of condenser, condensate pump
Fresh-water tank.
Safety valve and blast cock are provided at the top of condenser shell.
Evaporator heat exchange element is titanium herringbone corrugated plating, and plate is fixed by pressing plate, clamping screw and guide rod.
Motor-operated control valve, flowmeter and pressure difference transmitter are installed respectively on the steam inlet pipeline and supply line of evaporator
To monitor and control steam, feedwater flow and pressure and other parameters into evaporator.
Water level in evaporator is monitored by water level controller, and evaporation is controlled by the action of control of sewage disposal electric valve for pipeline
Device sewage discharge.
Conductivity meter and solenoid valve are monitored in installation on-line on condensate line, and pressure sensor and electromagnetism are installed on bypass line
Valve realizes the exceeded water dump of salinity, ensures the stabilization of seawater desalination system fresh water water quality.
Claims (9)
1. positive pressure distillation seawater desalination system is minimized, it is characterized in that：Including feed water preheater, feed pump, evaporator, carbonated drink point
From device, condenser, condensate pump, the drain pipe of evaporator connects the heat exchanger tube in feed water preheater, the water outlet of feed water preheater
Heat-exchanging component in evaporator is connected by feed pump, the import of steam-water separator is mounted on the steam outlet of evaporator, vapour
The shell side import of the outlet condenser of separator, the tube side of condenser cycle low temperature seawater, condensation by water circulating pump
The shell-side outlet connection condensate pump of device, the outlet connection discharge pipe of condensate pump, discharge pipe are respectively communicated with fresh-water tank and bypass
Pipeline.
2. miniaturization positive pressure distillation seawater desalination system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：The heat-exchanging component is behaved
Font corrugated plating, the material of plate is titanium, and the medium for exchanging heat is power set aerogenesis or exhaust.
3. miniaturization positive pressure distillation seawater desalination system according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that：It is set in evaporator
Water level controller, sets evaporator drain pipe below evaporator, and evaporator drain pipe draws blow-off pipe and return duct, on blow-off pipe
Motor-driven valve is set, and return duct connects the pipeline between feed water preheater and feed pump, non-return is set on the pipeline for the pump discharge that feeds water
Valve, the pipeline at check-valves rear draw lateral line, and lateral line connects the pipeline of feed water preheater water inlet.
4. miniaturization positive pressure distillation seawater desalination system according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that：It is set on discharge pipe
Salinity sensor to be put, solenoid valve is installed between discharge pipe and fresh-water tank, solenoid valve and salinity sensor are all connected with conductivity meter,
By-pass line installs valve, and pressure sensor is installed before valve.
5. miniaturization positive pressure distillation seawater desalination system according to claim 3, it is characterized in that：Salt is set on discharge pipe
Sensor is spent, solenoid valve is installed between discharge pipe and fresh-water tank, solenoid valve and salinity sensor are all connected with conductivity meter, bypass
Pipe installing valve installs pressure sensor before valve.
6. miniaturization positive pressure distillation seawater desalination system according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that：
Seawater by filtering, desalination pretreatment flows into feed water preheater, the hydrophobic preheating discharged by evaporator；
The seawater of preheating is sent through feed pump supercharging to the heat-exchanging component of evaporator, and heat exchange evaporation is carried out with once heating steam
Generate indirect steam；
The water droplet that indirect steam carries saliferous flows through steam-water separator removing saliferous water droplet；
The steam for removing saliferous water droplet flows into condenser, and indirect steam is condensed into fresh water by condenser；
Fresh water enters discharge pipe, is detected through salinity sensor, and the fresh water of quality qualification is sent to fresh-water tank, underproof water, electricity
Electrical conductivity instrument send signal control solenoid valve close, pressure sensor monitoring to by-pass line pressure rise and be more than setting value time control
Valve opening processed discharges unqualified water.
7. miniaturization positive pressure distillation seawater desalination system according to claim 3, it is characterized in that：
Seawater by filtering, desalination pretreatment flows into feed water preheater, the hydrophobic preheating discharged by evaporator；
The seawater of preheating is sent through feed pump supercharging to the heat-exchanging component of evaporator, and heat exchange evaporation is carried out with once heating steam
Generate indirect steam；
The water droplet that indirect steam carries saliferous flows through steam-water separator removing saliferous water droplet；
The steam for removing saliferous water droplet flows into condenser, and indirect steam is condensed into fresh water by condenser；
Fresh water enters discharge pipe, is detected through salinity sensor, and the fresh water of quality qualification is sent to fresh-water tank, underproof water, electricity
Electrical conductivity instrument send signal control solenoid valve close, pressure sensor monitoring to by-pass line pressure rise and be more than setting value time control
Valve opening processed discharges unqualified water.
8. miniaturization positive pressure distillation seawater desalination system according to claim 4, it is characterized in that：
Seawater by filtering, desalination pretreatment flows into feed water preheater, the hydrophobic preheating discharged by evaporator；
The seawater of preheating is sent through feed pump supercharging to the heat-exchanging component of evaporator, and heat exchange evaporation is carried out with once heating steam
Generate indirect steam；
The water droplet that indirect steam carries saliferous flows through steam-water separator removing saliferous water droplet；
The steam for removing saliferous water droplet flows into condenser, and indirect steam is condensed into fresh water by condenser；
Fresh water enters discharge pipe, is detected through salinity sensor, and the fresh water of quality qualification is sent to fresh-water tank, underproof water, electricity
Electrical conductivity instrument send signal control solenoid valve close, pressure sensor monitoring to by-pass line pressure rise and be more than setting value time control
Valve opening processed discharges unqualified water.
9. miniaturization positive pressure distillation seawater desalination system according to claim 5, it is characterized in that：
Seawater by filtering, desalination pretreatment flows into feed water preheater, the hydrophobic preheating discharged by evaporator；
The seawater of preheating is sent through feed pump supercharging to the heat-exchanging component of evaporator, and heat exchange evaporation is carried out with once heating steam
Generate indirect steam；
The water droplet that indirect steam carries saliferous flows through steam-water separator removing saliferous water droplet；
The steam for removing saliferous water droplet flows into condenser, and indirect steam is condensed into fresh water by condenser；
Fresh water enters discharge pipe, is detected through salinity sensor, and the fresh water of quality qualification is sent to fresh-water tank, underproof water, electricity
Electrical conductivity instrument send signal control solenoid valve close, pressure sensor monitoring to by-pass line pressure rise and be more than setting value time control
Valve opening processed discharges unqualified water.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107720861A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-02-23 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Minimize malleation distillation seawater desalination system |
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| CN107720861A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-02-23 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Minimize malleation distillation seawater desalination system |
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