CN207425876U - A kind of solar double-glass assemblies encapsulated with PVB glued membranes - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model is related to the solar double-glass assemblies of PVB glued membranes encapsulation, component includes successively：The saturating PVB glued membranes of glass front plate, upper floor height, cell piece, lower floor's high reflection and PVB glued membranes and glass back plate with light wave conversion function, the upper saturating PVB glued membranes of floor height include high PVB thoroughly, the saturating polymer of low water and high saturating silica flour；Lower floor's high reflection and with light wave conversion function PVB glued membranes include PVB, high reflection material, the saturating polymer of low water and light wave transition material.Its advantage is：The saturating PVB glued membranes light transmittance of upper floor height and water vapor barrier property are high, and have quite similar refraction index with front glass panel so that light, without refraction, improves impingement rate in preceding glass sheet and PVB glued membranes boundary layer；The addition of high silica flour thoroughly and the addition of high reflection filler in lower floor PVB can reduce the shrinking percentage of PVB in the PVB of upper strata, and glass panel is avoided to be crushed in lamination process, improves the yield rate of encapsulation.

Description

A kind of solar double-glass assemblies encapsulated with PVB glued membranes

Technical field

The utility model is related to a kind of solar double-glass assemblies encapsulated with PVB glued membranes.

Background technology

Solar cell module is the core in solar power system, and the core of photovoltaic cell component is battery Piece itself has the service life up to 30 years or more, therefore performance of the solar cell module under long term outdoor environment Reliability depends mainly on the encapsulation i.e. encapsulating material and encapsulation technology of component.Solar cell module encapsulation is typically pressed successively According to the order of preceding glass sheet 1, encapsulating material (packaging plastic) 2, cell piece 3, encapsulating material 4 and backboard 5 one is bonded as through heat lamination Body, specific encapsulating structure are as shown in Figure 1.

Currently used for the component of Photovoltaic Building Integration, main packaging plastic is PVB, this is because common EVA envelopes The anti-aging property that fills glue is not strong, service life is not achieved 50 years, it is impossible to building the same service life, so designer is in selection BIPV The component using EVA encapsulation should be avoided during component as far as possible.In addition, the jaundice of EVA can also influence the beauty and system of building Generated energy.In addition, PVB also has following plurality of advantages：1) there is longer stock's term of validity than EVA：EVA stock's terms of validity For six months, the term of validity of PVB was 3 years；2) sag resistance higher in lamination process and without edge flow out；3) lamination is without crosslinking Occur, recyclable processing, recycling；4) can be produced with the other laminar manners more more economical than vacuum lamination process, thus The yield higher of each cycle；5) it is safe, i.e., glass be hit it is broken after, glass fragment can be sticked on intermediate PVB films, kept Whole is complete, greatly reduces the injury of human body caused by the glass for splashing or dropping and the loss of property；6) subtract Few noise, ultraviolet radiation preventing, durable etc..

Although PVB is the preferred encapsulating material of Photovoltaic Building Integration, but due to solar battery sheet and encapsulating material PVB Refractive index it is larger, can not expeditiously utilize incident light there are a degree of light reflection in the two interface, because This component is not high to the utilization rate of sunlight, power output is relatively low.And the optimization to solar cell module optical property at present It is concentrated mainly in solar cell on piece or the glass front plate of outer layer, such as uses the cell piece of surface structuration, and be coated with and subtract Reflectance coating is to reduce the reflection of sunlight；For another example the top layer of component uses the glass front plate for being coated with antireflective film, but outermost Antireflection layer needs additional encapsulating material protection, this will increase the manufacture cost of component, the technique for making solar cell module It complicates, and it is less to the research of the encapsulating material of sun light utilization efficiency for solar cell solar double-glass assemblies can be improved.Therefore, A kind of associated solar battery solar double-glass assemblies encapsulating material higher to sun light utilization efficiency is developed, and is prepared on this basis High performance solar batteries solar double-glass assemblies are particularly important.

For solar cell, back reflection layer occupies an important position in backend process, be the hot spot studied at present it One.Its main function is to reflect light, scatter to absorbed layer, to improve the utilization rate of sunlight, increases the conversion effect of battery Rate.It when sunlight passes through solar battery obsorbing layer, can not be completely absorbed, understand some light transmission.With typical case at present 72 crystal silicon components for, the 12% of entire component light-receiving area is accounted for through the sunlight in cell piece gap, if this portion Light splitting by cell piece secondary use, can undoubtedly greatly improve the output power of solar cell module.In order to increase Utilization rate, raising transfer efficiency of the solar cell to light, the sun disclosed in Chinese patent (Publication No. CN 103045127A) Energy battery component using the high-molecular organic material of white high reflection as encapsulating material, return by the light reflection that can so will transmit through Double absorption is carried out, so as to promote photoelectric conversion efficiency；In addition by adding in light wave transformation function in encapsulating material Material enables encapsulating material that can also carry the thinking that be not converted into the response light that can be used for power generation by the light that cell piece absorbs High cell piece is to the utilization rate of sunlight.Silica-based solar cell is less than 350nm for wavelength and wavelength is more than the light of 1200nm Very little is not responded to or responds, the peak value of photoelectric respone is between 700nm~900nm in the range of this SPECTRAL REGION.However, too The wave-length coverage of positive energy radiation spectrum includes ultraviolet light, visible ray and infrared light between 150nm to 4000nm.Wherein 7% Energy distribution is in ultra-violet (UV) band, 50% Energy distribution in visual field, 43% energy branch in infrared region.It means that too It is positive to have in radiation spectrum quite a few energy cannot be by battery using generating electricity, on the contrary, this part light is inhaled by cell piece Receipts are converted into heat, improve the operating temperature of photovoltaic module, due to the negative temperature coefficient of crystal silicon photovoltaic cell so as to leading The loss of component generated energy is caused.If the solar energy of the ultra-violet (UV) band not responded to and infrared region can be used, not only may be used To effectively improve the output power of solar components, while the operating temperature of photovoltaic module can be dramatically reduced, into one Step promotes generated energy.If it is incorporated into simultaneously in a kind of encapsulating material it will be apparent that high reflection and light wave are converted two kinds of thinkings, nothing Doubting can make sunlight play the effect of maximum, it is expected to generating efficiency be made effectively to be promoted, brought to terminal user huge Economic benefit.

Finally, solar double-glass assemblies PVB films in lamination process are easily shunk, this is mainly due to PVB in casting film-forming mistake Macromolecular chain is orientated in journey, and the result of segment relaxation occurs when being heated again.The shrinking percentage of PVB films needs strictly to control Index, because when shrinking percentage is larger, shrinkage stress easily deforms upon backboard or even glass panel is made to crack, so as to cause Component is scrapped, yield rate is low.Although can by adjusting PVB film formulations, improve processing technology, made annealing treatment the methods of subtract The shrinking percentage of few PVB encapsulating films still, frequently results in production efficiency reduction, and energy consumption and cost increase.At present, PVB both domestic and external The shrinking percentage of encapsulating film product normally about 3%, test condition are：In the case where temperature is 120 DEG C, handle 3 minutes, it still cannot be complete Meet the requirement of the larger solar cell of area.

Utility model content

The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of double glass groups encapsulated with PVB glued membranes Part.

A kind of solar double-glass assemblies encapsulated with PVB glued membranes of the utility model, technical solution are：

A kind of solar double-glass assemblies encapsulated with PVB glued membranes, it is characterised in that：The solar double-glass assemblies include successively from top to bottom： The saturating PVB glued membranes of glass front plate, upper floor height, cell piece, lower floor's high reflection and PVB glued membranes and the glass back of the body with light wave conversion function Plate, the upper saturating PVB glued membranes of floor height include PVB, the saturating polymer of low water and high saturating silica flour；Lower floor's high reflection simultaneously has light The PVB glued membranes of ripple conversion function include PVB, high reflection material, the saturating polymer of low water and light wave transition material.

A kind of solar double-glass assemblies encapsulated with PVB glued membranes provided by the utility model, further include following attached technical scheme：

Wherein, the high silica flour thoroughly is nanometer to micron order, addition 0.1%-10%.

Wherein, the surface modification of the high silica flour thoroughly is chemical modification, and decorating molecule and group pass through chemical bond and stone English powder particles are combined.

Wherein, the surface modification of the high silica flour thoroughly passes through hydrogen bond or model moral for physical modification, decorating molecule and group Hua Liyu quartz powder particles are combined.

Wherein, coating material is the molecule with hydrolyzable groups and functional group.

Wherein, the coating material for one kind in silane coupling agent, titanate coupling agent or aluminate coupling agent or Several combinations.

Wherein, the high reflection material is inorganic material or organic material；Wherein, the inorganic material includes titanium dioxide Class, lithopone class, zinc oxide, hollow silica, hollow titanium dioxide or hollow ceramic powders, the organic material Including organic micro-spheres or organic fiber.

Wherein, the light wave transition material is the material that ultraviolet light or infrared light can be converted into visible ray.

Wherein, the light wave transition material be the rare-earth-doped fluoride with high transformation efficiency, the rear-earth-doped fluorine Compound includes NaYF₄：Yb³⁺、Er³⁺, SrYF₄：Er³⁺Or YF₃：Yb、Er³⁺One or more of it is compound.

The implementation of the utility model includes following technique effect：

1. not only light transmittance and water vapor barrier property are high for the saturating PVB glued membranes of upper floor height provided by the utility model, and with preceding glass Glass plate have quite similar refraction index so that sunlight in preceding glass sheet and PVB boundary layers without refraction, so as to improve too The impingement rate of sunlight；The addition of high silica flour thoroughly can also improve the polarity of PVB in 2.PVB, so as to increase and preceding glass sheet The interaction of compatibility and hydrogen bond, so that the bonding between preceding glass sheet and PVB glued membranes is more secured；In 3.PVB The addition of high reflection filler etc. can also reduce the shrinking percentage of PVB in the high addition of silica flour thoroughly and lower floor, avoid glass panel It is broken in lamination process, so as to improve the yield rate of encapsulation；4. lower floor high reflection PVB can will transmit through cell piece gap and The sunlight in gap carries out secondary reflection between cell piece and frame, afterwards by cell piece secondary use in power generation, so as to improve The output power of cell piece；5. the wavelength-shifting agent with light wave conversion function added in lower floor high reflection PVB can incite somebody to action The wavelength convert that cannot be responded by cell piece is the light for the wave-length coverage that can generate photoelectric respone, so as to greatly increase component to too The utilization rate of positive energy improves output power, and reduces the operating temperature of component；It, can be with 6. add in the low saturating polymer of water in PVB The water preventing ability of PVB is improved, ensures that the long-term reliability of cell piece.

Description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of the encapsulating structure of battery component in the prior art.

Fig. 2 is the structure diagram of the encapsulating structure of the battery component of the utility model.

Specific embodiment

The utility model is described in detail below in conjunction with embodiment and attached drawing, it should be pointed out that described Embodiment be intended merely to facilitate understanding to the utility model, and do not play any restriction effect to it.

Shown in Figure 2, a kind of solar double-glass assemblies encapsulated with PVB glued membranes provided in this embodiment are wrapped successively from top to bottom It includes：The saturating PVB glued membranes 12 of glass front plate 11, upper floor height, cell piece 13, lower floor's high reflection and the PVB glue with light wave conversion function Film 14 and glass back plate 15, the upper saturating PVB glued membranes 12 of floor height include high PVB thoroughly, the saturating polymer of low water and high saturating silica flour；Institute It states lower floor's high reflection and the PVB glued membranes 14 with light wave conversion function includes PVB, high reflection material, the saturating polymer of low water and light Ripple transition material.Not only light transmittance and water vapor barrier property are high for the saturating PVB glued membranes 12 of upper floor height of the present embodiment, but also and front glass panel With quite similar refraction index so that sunlight in preceding glass sheet and PVB boundary layers without refraction, so as to improve sunlight Impingement rate；The addition of high silica flour thoroughly can also improve the polarity of PVB in PVB, so as to increase with the compatibility of preceding glass sheet, And interaction of hydrogen bond, so that the bonding between preceding glass sheet and PVB glued membranes is more secured；High saturating silica flour in PVB Addition and lower floor in the addition of high reflection filler etc. can also reduce the shrinking percentage of PVB, avoid glass panel in lamination process In it is broken, so as to improve the yield rate of encapsulation；Between lower floor PVB can will transmit through between cell piece gap and cell piece and frame The sunlight of gap carries out secondary reflection, afterwards by cell piece secondary use in power generation, so as to improve the output power of cell piece； The wavelength-shifting agent with light wave conversion function added in lower floor PVB can will cannot by cell piece respond wavelength convert be The light of the wave-length coverage of photoelectric respone can be generated, so as to greatly increase component to the utilization rate of solar energy, improve output power, and Reduce the operating temperature of component；The low saturating polymer of water is added in lower floor PVB, the water preventing ability of PVB can be improved, ensure that electricity The long-term reliability of pond piece.

Preferably, the high silica flour thoroughly is nanometer to micron order, addition 0.1%-10%；Wherein, the height The surface modification of saturating silica flour is chemical modification or physical modification.When the surface modification of high silica flour thoroughly is chemical modification, repair Decorations molecule and group are combined by chemical bond with quartzy powder particles；When the surface modification of high silica flour thoroughly is physical modification, repair Decorations molecule and group are combined by hydrogen bond or Van der Waals force with quartzy powder particles.

Preferably, coating material is the molecule with hydrolyzable groups and functional group.It is highly preferred that coating material For the combination of one or more of silane coupling agent, titanate coupling agent or aluminate coupling agent.

Preferably, the high reflection material is inorganic material or organic material；Wherein, the inorganic material includes titanium dioxide Class, lithopone class, zinc oxide, hollow silica, hollow titanium dioxide or hollow ceramic powders, the organic material Including organic micro-spheres or organic fiber.

Preferably, the light wave transition material is the material that ultraviolet light or infrared light can be converted into visible ray.More preferably Ground, the light wave transition material are the rare-earth-doped fluoride with high transformation efficiency, and the rare-earth-doped fluoride includes NaYF4：Yb3+, Er3+, SrYF4：Er3+ or YF3：One or more of Yb, Er3+'s is compound.

It is following that the preparation method of high PVB glued membranes thoroughly described in the utility model is retouched in detail with multiple embodiments It states.

Embodiment 1

By the saturating PVB masterbatch of 75 parts of height, 25 parts of plasticizer, 1 part of heat stabilizer, 0.5 part of light stabilizer and 5 parts of saturating silica flours of height It stirs to 60 DEG C and is uniformly mixed in high-speed mixer, cool down rapidly after discharging, then arrange the resin mixed with twin-screw Gas formula extruder extruding pelletization, 100~160 DEG C of body temperature, 150 DEG C of head temperature.The PVB pellets of gained are squeezed in single screw rod Go out extrusion, hot-rolling in machine and be pressed into pvb film (thickness 0.3mm-0.8mm), at 100-140 DEG C, die temperature exists body temperature 130 DEG C or so.Sample number into spectrum by 1 gained of embodiment is S1.

Embodiment 2

It is similar to Example 1, unlike, high silica flour thoroughly carries out table with titanate esters or silane coupling agent before addition Surface treatment the purpose is to increase high dispersiveness of the silica flour in PVB masterbatch thoroughly, is allowed to homodisperse and reaches best effect. Sample number into spectrum by 2 gained of embodiment is S2.

Embodiment 3

It is similar to Example 2, the difference is that, in the silicon of 1 part of long-chain hydrophobic of double-screw extruding pelletizing stage addition Alkane coupling agent the purpose is to close hydroxyl remaining in PVB masterbatch, makes the hydrophily of PVB reduce, and improves aqueous vapor barrier property.By The sample number into spectrum of 3 gained of embodiment is S3.

Embodiment 4

It is similar to Example 3, the difference is that, PVB masterbatch by chain hydrophobic silane coupling agent sealing end after, gained Pellet is during next Single screw extrusion hot-rolling press mold plus some low polarity block water class substance, further to reduce PVB Moisture permeability, the low polarity added in the class substance that blocks water can be oligomer or high polymer, and the Coexistence mode with PVB can Be general physical blending or chemical graft blending.Sample number into spectrum by 4 gained of embodiment is S4, is high light transmission, Gao Shui Hinder PVB packaging adhesive films.

Embodiment 5

It is similar to Example 1, unlike, it is converted with white with high glaze, the pigment of high reflectance and with light wave The mixture of the wavelength-shifting agent of function replaces high saturating silica flour.Sample number into spectrum by 5 gained of embodiment is S5, is high reflection And the PVB with light wave conversion function.

Embodiment 6

It is similar to Example 5, unlike, pigment used and the wavelength-shifting agent with light wave conversion function all pass through Titanate esters or silane coupling agent surface treatment, the purpose is to increase their dispersivenesses in PVB masterbatch, are allowed to evenly spread to Up to best effect.Sample number into spectrum by 6 gained of embodiment is S6.

Embodiment 7

It is similar to Example 6, the difference is that, the silane that long-chain hydrophobic is added in the double-screw extruding pelletizing stage is even Join agent, the purpose is to close hydroxyl remaining in PVB masterbatch, make the hydrophily of PVB reduce, aqueous vapor barrier property is improved, by implementing The sample number into spectrum of 7 gained of example is S7.

Embodiment 8

It is similar to Example 7, the difference is that, PVB masterbatch by chain hydrophobic silane coupling agent sealing end after, gained Pellet is during next Single screw extrusion hot-rolling press mold plus as some low polarity block water class substance, further to reduce The water of PVB is saturating.It is high reflective, high water resistance for S8 by the sample number into spectrum of 8 gained of embodiment and there is the PVB of light wave conversion function Packaging adhesive film.

Finally it should be noted that above example is only to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model rather than to this reality With the limitation of novel protected scope, although being explained in detail with reference to preferred embodiment to the utility model, this field it is general Lead to it will be appreciated by the skilled person that can be modified or replaced equivalently to the technical solution of the utility model, without departing from this The spirit and scope of utility model technical solution.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of solar double-glass assemblies encapsulated with PVB glued membranes, it is characterised in that：The solar double-glass assemblies include successively from top to bottom：Glass The saturating PVB glued membranes of glass foreboard, upper floor height, cell piece, lower floor's high reflection and PVB glued membranes and the glass back of the body with light wave conversion function Plate, the upper saturating PVB glued membranes of floor height include PVB, the saturating polymer of low water and high saturating silica flour；Lower floor's high reflection simultaneously has light The PVB glued membranes of ripple conversion function include PVB, high reflection material, the saturating polymer of low water and light wave transition material.

2. a kind of solar double-glass assemblies encapsulated with PVB glued membranes according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The high quartz thoroughly Powder is nanometer to micron order, addition 0.1%-10%.

3. a kind of solar double-glass assemblies encapsulated with PVB glued membranes according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：The saturating stone of height The surface modification of English powder is combined for chemical modification, decorating molecule and group by chemical bond with quartzy powder particles.

4. a kind of solar double-glass assemblies encapsulated with PVB glued membranes according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：The saturating stone of height The surface modification of English powder is combined for physical modification, decorating molecule and group by hydrogen bond or Van der Waals force with quartzy powder particles.

5. a kind of solar double-glass assemblies encapsulated with PVB glued membranes according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Coating material is Molecule with hydrolyzable groups and functional group.

6. a kind of solar double-glass assemblies encapsulated with PVB glued membranes according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The surface modification Agent is the combination of one or more of silane coupling agent, titanate coupling agent or aluminate coupling agent.

7. a kind of solar double-glass assemblies encapsulated with PVB glued membranes according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The high reflection material Expect for inorganic material or organic material；Wherein, the inorganic material includes titanium dioxide class, lithopone class, zinc oxide, hollow two Silica, hollow titanium dioxide or hollow ceramic powders, the organic material include organic micro-spheres or organic fiber.

8. a kind of solar double-glass assemblies encapsulated with PVB glued membranes according to claim 1 or 7, it is characterised in that：The light wave turns Conversion materials are the material that ultraviolet light or infrared light can be converted into visible ray.

9. a kind of solar double-glass assemblies encapsulated with PVB glued membranes according to claim 1 or 7, it is characterised in that：The light wave turns Conversion materials are the rare-earth-doped fluoride with high transformation efficiency, and the rare-earth-doped fluoride includes NaYF₄：Yb³⁺、Er³⁺, SrYF₄：Er³⁺Or YF₃：Yb、Er³⁺One or more of it is compound.