CN113149455A

CN113149455A - Preparation method of coated glass for solar photovoltaic module

Info

Publication number: CN113149455A
Application number: CN202110006933.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 田永刚; 陈玉平; 陈齐平
Original assignee: Xinfuxing Glass Industry Group Co ltd
Current assignee: Xinfuxing Glass Industry Group Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-01-05
Filing date: 2021-01-05
Publication date: 2021-07-23

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of coated glass for a solar photovoltaic module, which is prepared by the following steps: firstly, the surface of the glass is coated by using inorganic chemical coating liquid, and then thermal process treatment is carried out. The coated glass for the solar photovoltaic module is neutral in natural environment and free of interference chromatic aberration; the high temperature resistance is good; the acid and alkali resistance and weather resistance are good; the wear resistance is good; the ultraviolet resistance and aging resistance are high; the effective transmittance of the solar photovoltaic module in the natural light environment is improved, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar photovoltaic module is effectively improved; moreover, the method is simple to operate, the preparation process conditions are mild, and the production cost of the solar photovoltaic module glass is reduced.

Description

Preparation method of coated glass for solar photovoltaic module

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of coated glass preparation methods, and particularly relates to a preparation method and a preparation method of coated glass for a solar photovoltaic module.

Background

The solar photovoltaic glass is glass which has higher transmittance or can selectively transmit sunlight compared with common glass and is applied to a solar cell module. The glass is special glass for packaging or covering plates of solar photovoltaic power generation and solar photo-thermal components, can play a role in transmitting and controlling light rays or leading out current, and is the most novel high-tech glass product for buildings. The coated glass for the solar photovoltaic module covers the solar cell plate, the reflectance of the surface of the glass can be effectively reduced, the sunlight flux is increased in a 380-1100 nm solar wave band, the conversion efficiency of the solar photovoltaic module is improved, more electric energy is output, the coated glass for the solar photovoltaic module after the heat treatment process has higher mechanical strength, and the coated glass can bear larger wind pressure and larger day and night temperature difference change. The original piece of the coated glass for the solar photovoltaic module can be coated glass, embossed glass, toughened glass, semi-toughened glass and the like for the solar photovoltaic module.

Disclosure of Invention

Technical problem to be solved

The solar photovoltaic module has high solar light transmittance, low reflectivity, high temperature resistance, acid and alkali resistance and poor photoelectric conversion efficiency.

Technical scheme

In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a preparation method of coated glass for a solar photovoltaic module, which comprises the following steps:

A) injecting the inorganic coating liquid into a limiting liquid level tank by a peristaltic pump for later use;

B) controlling the temperature in the coating room to be 16-30 ℃, and setting the humidity to be 30-60%;

C) the mesh number and the linear speed of the film coating quantitative roller are adjusted, the thickness of the film layer is controlled by changing the liquid content of the tape, the mesh number of the film coating quantitative roller is 80-120, and the linear speed is set to be 7-12 m/min;

D) the plated glass for the solar photovoltaic module passes through a leveling section of 2-5 m at the speed of 7-12 m/min and enters a film coating liquid curing section, the length of the curing section is 2-8 m, and the temperature is 80-160 ℃;

E) the cured coated glass enters a toughening furnace for heat treatment;

the inorganic coating liquid is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:

3-8 parts of polyacrylate nano emulsion, 3-5 parts of methyl orthosilicate, 15-25 parts of pure water, 65-80 parts of absolute ethyl alcohol, 0.1-1 part of silane coupling agent, 0.1-1 part of flatting agent and 0.1-1 part of defoaming agent.

Wherein, the methyl orthosilicate adopts the national standard number: 32188, CAS number 681-84-5 molecular formula C4H12O4 Si; molecular weight is 152.22, content: not less than 98%, flash point of 18 ℃, melting point of 2 ℃, boiling point: the relative density is 1.02 at 121 ℃; tetramethoxysilane with a relative density of 5.25, preferably 95-100%; the absolute ethyl alcohol is an alcohol solution with the mass percent concentration of 70-100%, preferably an alcohol with the mass percent concentration of 95-100%, and further preferably an alcohol with the mass percent concentration of 100%; the pure water has a selected conductivity of less than or equal to 20 mu s/cm and a pH value of 6-9.5, preferably 7.5-8.5. The molecular formula of the silane coupling agent is as follows: h2NCH2CH2CH2Si (OC)₂H₅)3, density (25 ℃ g/cm)³): 0.938 to 0.942, refractive index (nD 25): 1.419-1.421, boiling point: 217 ℃, content: more than or equal to 98 percent; softening point of the leveling agent: 75-120 ℃, preferably 80-115 ℃, and the solid content: not less than 99 percent.

Silane coupling agents are mainly used for glass fiber reinforced plastics. The siloxy group is reactive with inorganic species and the organofunctional group is reactive or compatible with organic species. Thus, when a silane coupling agent intervenes between the inorganic and organic interfaces, a bonding layer of organic matrix-silane coupling agent-inorganic matrix may be formed. The silane coupling agent includes A151 (vinyltriethoxysilane), A171 (vinyltrimethoxysilane), A172 (vinyltris (. beta. -methoxyethoxy) silane).

The methyl orthosilicate forms silicon resin after hydrolytic condensation, and forms an inorganic film layer which is a main skeleton structure of the antireflection film after high-temperature sintering; absolute ethyl alcohol and pure water are used as solvents for diluting organic silicon resin and nano emulsion; the leveling agent is a surface active auxiliary agent, so that the inorganic coating liquid is promoted to form a flat, smooth and uniform coating layer in the drying film-forming process, the surface tension of the inorganic coating liquid is effectively reduced, the leveling property and uniformity of the inorganic coating liquid are improved, the permeability of the coating liquid is improved, the probability of spots and scars generated by the inorganic coating liquid during roller coating is reduced, the coverage is increased, and the formed film is uniform and natural; the defoaming agent eliminates the additive of foam, inhibits and eliminates bubbles generated in the processing process, and improves the product quality.

Wherein the heat treatment stage comprises the following steps:

1) preheating the plated glass in a hot air convection heating mode;

2) carrying out heat treatment on the preheated glass;

3) and cooling the heat-treated glass in an air cooling mode to obtain the coated glass for the solar photovoltaic module.

Preferably, the inorganic coating liquid is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:

5 parts of polyacrylate nano emulsion, 3.8 parts of methyl orthosilicate, 20 parts of pure water, 71 parts of absolute ethyl alcohol, 0.3 part of silane coupling agent, 0.1 part of flatting agent and 0.1 part of defoaming agent.

The inorganic coating liquid is prepared according to the following steps:

1) adding methyl orthosilicate and absolute ethyl alcohol into pure water, stirring for 4 hours at a stirring speed of 1000-3000 rpm, preferably 2000rpm, and uniformly dissolving to prepare a nano silica sol solution;

2) sequentially adding polyacrylate nano emulsion, nano silica sol, a silane coupling agent, a flatting agent and a defoaming agent into an absolute ethyl alcohol solution for displacement treatment, uniformly stirring, and standing at a stirring speed of 1000-3000 rpm, preferably 1500rpm to obtain an inorganic coating solution, wherein the displacement treatment temperature is 30-50 ℃, and the displacement treatment time is more than or equal to 120 min; the standing treatment time is more than or equal to 6 hours, and the temperature of the standing treatment is 23 ℃. The pH value of the inorganic coating liquid is 2-8, preferably 2.5-6; the viscosity value is 1 to 4 pas, preferably 1.5 to 3.5 pas; the solid content is more than or equal to 2.8 percent, and preferably 2.8-4.5 percent.

Particularly, the heat treatment stages comprise 1#, 2#, 3#, 4#, and 5# stages, the preheating treatment temperature of 1# and 2# is 420-500 ℃, preferably 430-485 ℃, and the preheating treatment time is 35-100 s, preferably 40-95 s; the heating treatment temperature of No. 3, No. 4 and No. 5 is 650-710 ℃, preferably 680-705 ℃; the heat treatment time is 35 to 100s, preferably 40 to 95 s.

When the coated glass for the 2mm solar photovoltaic module is used in the thermal process treatment, the preheating treatment temperature of No. 1 and No. 2 is 475 +/-5 ℃, and preferably 475 ℃; the preheating treatment time is 35-48 s, preferably 40-45 s; when the coated glass for the 3.2mm solar photovoltaic module is used in the thermal process treatment, the preheating treatment temperature is 475 +/-5 ℃, and preferably 475 ℃; the preheating treatment time is 58-75 s, preferably 65-70 s; when 4mm of coated glass for the solar photovoltaic module is used in the thermal process treatment, the preheating treatment temperature is 450 +/-5 ℃, and 450 ℃ is preferred; the preheating time is 80 to 95s, preferably 86 to 92 s.

In particular, the hot air convection heating method is a method of heating glass by applying hot air to both upper and lower surfaces of the glass after the exchange treatment.

Wherein the hot air pressure intensity of the upper surface of the glass in the preheating treatment process of No. 1 and No. 2 is 1-70% of convection heating time, namely preheating treatment time, and the interval is 1.2-3.6 bar; the pressure intensity of hot air on the upper surface of the glass is 0-1.8 bar in 70-80% of convection heating time interval; the pressure intensity of the hot air on the upper surface of the glass is 0 within 80-100% of the convection heating time interval.

Wherein, the hot air pressure intensity of the lower surface of the glass in the preheating treatment process of No. 1 and No. 2 is 0.6-1.8 bar in the interval of convection heating time of 1-70% of the hot air pressure intensity of the upper surface, namely the preheating treatment time; the pressure intensity of hot air on the upper surface of the glass is 0-1.8 bar in 70-80% of convection heating time interval; the pressure intensity of the hot air on the upper surface of the glass is 0 within 80-100% of the convection heating time interval.

Particularly, when 2-4 mm of coated glass for a solar photovoltaic module is used in the thermal process, the hot air pressure intensity on the upper surface of the glass is 3.6 +/-0.1 bar, preferably 3.6bar, within the interval of convection heating time of 1-50%, namely preheating treatment time; the pressure intensity of hot air at the upper part of the glass is uniformly reduced from 3.6 +/-0.1 bar to 1.8 +/-0.1 bar, preferably from 3.6bar to 1.8bar in a 50-70% convection heating time interval; the pressure intensity of the hot air on the upper surface of the glass is uniformly reduced from 1.8 +/-0.1 bar to 0, preferably from 1.8bar to 0 in 70-80% of convection heating time interval; the pressure intensity of hot air on the upper surface of the glass in 80-100% of convection heating time interval is 0; the hot air pressure intensity of the lower surface of the glass is 1-70% of convection heating time, namely preheating treatment time, and the interval is 1.8 +/-0.1 bar, preferably 1.8 bar; the pressure intensity of the hot air on the lower surface of the glass is uniformly reduced from 1.8 +/-0.1 bar to 0, preferably from 1.8bar to 0 in 70-80% of convection heating time interval; the pressure intensity of the hot air on the upper surface of the glass in the 80-100% convection heating time interval is 0.

Wherein the heating temperature of the upper part in the tempering furnace in the heat treatment process of No. 3 and No. 4 is more than or equal to 695 ℃, and preferably 680-705 ℃; the heating temperature of the lower part is more than or equal to 680 ℃; preferably 680-700 ℃; in the No. 5 heat treatment process, the heating temperature of the upper part in the tempering furnace is more than or equal to 680 ℃, and preferably 680-700 ℃; the heating temperature of the lower part is more than or equal to 670 ℃; preferably 670-700 ℃;

the time of the coated glass for the 2mm solar photovoltaic module in a heat treatment heating furnace is 35-48 s, preferably 40-45 s; the time of the coated glass for the 3.2mm solar photovoltaic module in a heat treatment heating furnace is 58-75 s, preferably 65-70 s; the time of the 4.2mm coated glass for the solar photovoltaic module in the heat treatment heating furnace is 80-95 s, and preferably 86-92 s.

Particularly, the preheating treatment time of 1# and 2# is equal to the heating treatment time of 3#, 4# and 5# in the heat treatment process. The advancing speed of the coated glass for the solar photovoltaic module in the hearth is 10-18 mm/s, and is optimized to be 12-15 mm/s.

The cooling treatment comprises the steps of firstly quenching the heat-treated glass under the condition that the wind pressure is 4500-25000 Pa; cooling the glass under the condition that the air pressure is 3200-11000 Pa; cooling until the glass temperature is reduced to 40-60 ℃; the transmission speed of quenching and cooling is 450-630 mm/s.

Particularly, in the quenching treatment process, the air temperature is 5-35 ℃, and preferably 15-30 ℃. Particularly, when 2mm coated glass for a solar photovoltaic module is processed, the quenching wind pressure is 18000-25000 Pa, preferably 22500 Pa; the quenching transmission speed is 480-630 mm/s, preferably 530-590 mm/s; the cooling air pressure is 6500-10000 Pa, preferably 8600-9500 Pa, and the quenching transmission speed is 450-550 mm/s, preferably 480-520 mm/s; when the coated glass for a 3.2mm solar photovoltaic module is processed, the quenching wind pressure is 12500-16500 Pa, and preferably 13800-15500 Pa; the quenching transmission speed is 450-550 mm/s, preferably 480-520 mm/s; the air pressure of the cooling treatment is 5000-6500 Pa, preferably 5500-6300 Pa, and the cooling transmission speed is 450-550 mm/s, preferably 480-520 mm/s; when 4mm of coated glass for the solar photovoltaic module is processed, the quenching wind pressure is 4500-6000 Pa, preferably 4850-5200 Pa; the quenching transmission speed is 450-550 mm/s, preferably 480-520 mm/s; the air pressure of the cooling treatment is 3000-4500 Pa, preferably 3200-3800 Pa, and the cooling transmission speed is 450-550 mm/s, preferably 480-520 mm/s.

Particularly, the pressure of the coated glass for the 2mm solar photovoltaic module on the upper part of a quenching high-pressure section is set to be 80-100%, and preferably 92-100%; the lower pressure is set to be 80-100%, preferably 90-100%; the upper pressure of the cooling pressure section is set to be 80-100%, and preferably 90-100%; the lower pressure is set to 80-100%, preferably 92-100%. The pressure of the coated glass for the 3.2mm solar photovoltaic module at the upper part of the quenching high-pressure section is set to be 65-90%, and the preferable pressure is 70-85%; the lower pressure is set to be 68-90%, preferably 72-85%; the upper pressure of the cooling pressure section is set to be 70-90%, and preferably 70-80%; the lower pressure is set to 70-90%, preferably 71-80%. The pressure of the coated glass for the 4mm solar photovoltaic module on the upper part of the quenching high-pressure section is set to be 40-60%, and preferably 40-52%; the lower pressure is set to be 40-60%, and preferably 40-50%; the upper pressure of the cooling pressure section is set to be 70-85%, and preferably 70-80%; the lower pressure is set to 70-85%, preferably 72-80%.

And in the heat treatment process, the glass uniformly moves forwards in a tempering furnace at a speed of 12-18 mm/s.

Particularly, in the heat treatment process, the coated glass for the 2mm solar photovoltaic module moves forward in a tempering furnace at a constant speed of 15-18 mm/s; the coated glass for the 3.2mm solar photovoltaic module moves forwards in a tempering furnace at a constant speed of 12-15 mm/s; the coated glass for the 4mm solar photovoltaic module moves forwards in the tempering furnace at a constant speed of 12-13 mm/s.

Particularly, in the heat treatment process, the discharge distance of the 2-4 mm coated glass for the solar photovoltaic module is 50-150 mm;

particularly, in the cooling treatment process, the distance between the 2mm coated glass for the solar photovoltaic module and the upper surface of the glass is 6-15 mm, preferably 8-12 mm; the distance from the lower surface of the glass is 6-15 mm, preferably 7-13 mm; the distance between the cooling air grid air nozzle and the upper surface of the glass is 8-22 mm, and preferably 10-15 mm; the distance from the lower surface of the glass is 6-19 mm, preferably 8-12 mm. The distance between the quenching air grid tuyere and the upper surface of the coated glass for the 3.2mm solar photovoltaic module is 10-30 mm, and the preferable distance is 12-20 mm; the distance from the lower surface of the glass is 8-30 mm, preferably 9-20 mm; the distance between the cooling air grid air nozzle and the upper surface of the glass is 8-20 mm, and preferably 10-15 mm; the distance from the lower surface of the glass is 10-20 mm, preferably 10-15 mm. The distance between the quenching air grid tuyere and the upper surface of the glass of the 4mm coated glass for the solar photovoltaic module is 12-25 mm, and the preferable distance is 12-20 mm; the distance from the lower surface of the glass is 13-30 mm, preferably 13-18 mm; the distance between the cooling air grid air nozzle and the upper surface of the glass is 12-25 mm, and preferably 12-18 mm; the distance from the lower surface of the glass is 10-25 mm, preferably 13-17 mm.

(3) Advantageous effects

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the inorganic coating liquid for the coated glass for the solar photovoltaic module is safe to use and high in environmental protection performance, and VOC (volatile organic compounds) emission meets the requirements of national environmental protection policies;

2. the coated glass for the solar photovoltaic module obviously improves the sunlight flux of sunlight in a 380-1100 nm waveband, and improves the sunlight flux by more than 4% on the basis of a glass substrate;

3. compared with the traditional component, the photoelectric conversion output power of the solar photovoltaic component is improved by more than 4 percent;

4. the glass surface stress value and the physical and thermal shock resistance of the coated glass for the solar photovoltaic module are high, and the physical shock resistance and thermal shock resistance of the coated glass for the solar photovoltaic module under the same condition are 6-12 times of the shock resistance of common coated glass for the solar photovoltaic module with the same thickness and 1-2 times of the strength of toughened glass with the same thickness;

5. the coated glass for the solar photovoltaic module does not change the original color index of the glass, can be compounded into other building glass products, and is combined with buildings;

6. in the preparation process of the coated glass for the solar photovoltaic module, the influence on the environment is small, and the coated glass can be compounded into other building glass products;

7. the coated glass for the solar photovoltaic module can be combined into glass with various functions, for example, two pieces of glass can be compounded into hollow glass, and the coated glass has the functions of energy conservation, heat insulation and sound insulation; if the plant cultivation substrate is applied to the top of a vegetable greenhouse, the plant cultivation substrate has the effects of shielding wind and rain, improving photosynthesis of crops and the like;

8. the preparation process of the coated glass for the solar photovoltaic module adopts a chemical and physical toughening combination technology, so that the coated glass has good high-temperature resistance; the acid and alkali resistance and weather resistance are good; the wear resistance is good; the anti-ultraviolet aging-resistant glass has high anti-ultraviolet aging resistance, and the service life of the glass is 0.5-2 years longer than that of the traditional anti-reflection coated glass.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are further clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the indicated orientation or positional relationship to facilitate description of the invention and to simplify description, but are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not denote a unique embodiment.

Example one

1. Preparing inorganic film coating liquid

1 to 1) preparing raw materials (kg) according to the following weight parts

5kg of polyacrylate nano emulsion, 3.8kg of methyl orthosilicate, 20kg of pure water, 71kg of absolute ethyl alcohol, 0.3kg of silane coupling agent, 0.1kg of flatting agent and 0.1kg of defoaming agent.

Wherein, alcohol with 100 percent of mass percentage concentration, namely absolute ethyl alcohol, is preferred;

1-2) adding methyl orthosilicate and absolute ethyl alcohol into pure water, stirring and dissolving uniformly to prepare a nano silica sol solution; standing the nano silica sol solution in a light-proof environment at the temperature of 23 ℃ for more than or equal to 6 hours;

1-3) sequentially adding the polyacrylate nano emulsion, the nano silica sol, the silane coupling agent, the flatting agent and the defoaming agent into the absolute ethyl alcohol solution, uniformly stirring, and standing to obtain the inorganic coating liquid of the coated glass for the solar photovoltaic component.

1-4) the replacement treatment temperature of the inorganic coating liquid is 30-50 ℃; the replacement treatment time is more than or equal to 120 min. Stirring and mixing the mixed solution for 2.0h, standing at 25 ℃ for sufficient mutual fusion to generate chemical reaction, and standing for 48h to obtain the inorganic coating liquid for glass.

2. Edging, cleaning and drying treatment

The glass is sent into a horizontal combined edge grinding machine, the glass runs at the speed of 5 m/min, the edge of the glass is ground by using a C-shaped diamond wheel with the mesh number of 100-200 meshes and preferably 160-180 meshes, four corners of the glass are chamfered by using a diamond chamfering wheel with the mesh number of 180 meshes, and the chamfering size is 2-4 mm multiplied by 45 degrees.

In a glass cleaning machine (Xinfu brand 2000 type, New Fu Chuang mechanical Co., Ltd., Fuqing city), glass runs at the speed of 5 meters per minute, and the glass is cleaned by a three-path water spraying system, wherein the water consumption for cleaning is 3-5 Kg per square meter, namely 3-5 Kg of water is used for each square meter of glass; then, a fan is used for drying the surface of the glass, the drying treatment is carried out on the glass, the power of the fan is 30KW/h (usually 25-35 KW/h), and the glass passes through a cleaning machine blowing drying system (air duct) at the speed of 5 m/min; the time for drying the glass surface is 3-5S.

3. Plating treatment

3-1) injecting the inorganic coating liquid into a limiting liquid level tank for later use by using a peristaltic pump;

3-2) controlling the temperature in the film coating room to be 18-26 ℃; the humidity is 38-50%;

3-3) controlling the thickness of the film layer by changing the liquid level of the belt by adjusting the mesh number and the linear speed of the film coating quantitative roller. The mesh number of a common film coating quantitative roller is 100; the linear velocity is 8-10 m/min.

3-4) uniformly roll-coating the inorganic coating liquid for the glass on the surface of the glass for the solar photovoltaic module with the thickness of 2mm, wherein the upper surface of the glass is uniformly roll-coated, and 6.8-7.5 g of the inorganic coating liquid is roll-coated on the surface of each square meter of the glass;

3-5) allowing the coated glass for the solar photovoltaic module to pass through a leveling section of 2-5 m at a speed of 8-10 m/min and enter a coating liquid curing section;

3-6) wherein the length of the curing section is 2-8 m, and the temperature is 80-160 ℃;

3-7) the cured coated glass enters a toughening furnace for heat treatment.

4. Thermal treatment

4 to 1) preheating treatment

Sending the cured coated glass into a preheating section in a toughening furnace (SC-20 type toughening furnace) for preheating treatment, heating by adopting hot air convection, blowing in hot air from the top and the bottom, and heating the glass entering the toughening furnace, wherein: the preheating temperature is 450 ℃; the glass moves forwards in the hearth at the speed of 12-15 mm/s; intensity of hot air convection at top: in the 1-50% convection heating time interval, the intensity of the convection pressure of the hot air at the top part is 3.6 bar; the convection pressure intensity of the top hot air is uniformly reduced from 3.6bar to 1.8bar within 50-70% of the convection heating time interval; the convection pressure intensity of the top hot air is uniformly reduced from 1.8bar to 0 within 70-80% of the convection heating time interval; the intensity of the convection pressure of the top hot air is 0 within 80-100% of the convection heating time interval; bottom hot air convection strength: the intensity of the convection pressure of the hot air at the bottom in the preheating section of the toughening furnace is 1.8bar in a 1-70% convection heating time interval; the bottom convection pressure intensity in a 70-80% convection heating time interval is uniformly reduced from 1.8bar to 0; the intensity of the hot air convection pressure at the bottom in the 80-100% convection heating time interval is 0;

4 to 2) heat treatment

The preheated glass enters a heating section of a toughening furnace for heat treatment, and the heating temperature of the upper parts of the No. 3 and No. 4 heating furnace areas in the heat treatment process is 680-705 ℃; the heating temperature of the lower part is 680-700 ℃; the heating temperature of the upper part of the No. 5 heating furnace area is 680-700 ℃; the heating temperature of the lower part is 670-700 ℃; the glass moves forwards at a constant speed of 12-15 mm/s in the hearth;

4-3) cooling treatment

The heat-treated glass enters a cooling section of a toughening furnace, and is cooled in an air cooling mode, and the distance between an air grid tuyere and the upper surface of the glass during quenching is 8-12 mm; the distance from the lower surface of the glass is 7-13 mm; the distance between the air grid air nozzle and the upper surface of the glass is 10-15 mm during cooling; the distance from the lower surface of the glass is 8-12 mm.

Firstly, rapidly quenching glass, wherein the quenching wind pressure is controlled to be 18000-25000 Pa, preferably 22500 Pa; the quenching transmission speed is 530-590 mm/s; the air pressure of the cooling treatment is 8600-9500 Pa, and the quenching transmission speed is 480-520 mm/s; the glass moves forwards uniformly in the air grid section; and after the temperature of the glass is reduced to 40-60 ℃, unloading the sheet to obtain the coated glass for the solar photovoltaic module.

Particularly, the pressure of the coated glass for the 2mm solar photovoltaic module on the upper part of a quenching high-pressure section is set to be 92-100%; the lower pressure is set to be 90-100%; the upper pressure of the cooling pressure section is set to be 90-100%; the lower pressure is set to be 92-100%.

The rapid quenching is an important link in the glass heat treatment process and plays a role in determining the stress formation, strength and fragment state of the glass surface. The larger the heat treatment quenching air pressure is, the larger the surface stress value of the glass is, the surface stress of the semi-tempered glass is 24-69 MPa, the tempered glass is more than or equal to 90MPa, the stronger the corresponding processing capacity is, the thinner the glass is, the larger the quenching air pressure is, and the thicker the glass is, the smaller the quenching air pressure is.

The basic requirement for quenching glass is to cool the glass uniformly at the required cooling rate, 14.5 ℃/10s for 2 mm; 3.2mm is 12.2 ℃/10 s; the 4mm is 10.2 ℃/10s, so that the glass can obtain evenly distributed stress. Air is the cleanest cooling medium, and for the air-cooled quenching method, the cooling speed is determined by factors such as air pressure, air temperature, air flow, and the distance between the nozzle and the glass, and the factors which can be generally controlled are the air pressure and the distance between the nozzle and the glass.

With the further cooling of the temperature of the inner layer and the outer layer of the glass, the temperature of the glass surface layer is reduced to the transition temperature, the temperature of the glass state substance which is converted between the glass state and the high elastic state is below 580 ℃, the glass surface layer is hardened to stop shrinking, and the inner layer continues shrinking until the temperature is reduced to the transition temperature. At this time, the glass surface layer forms compressive stress, and the inner layer forms tensile stress. At this time, the stress existing in the glass cannot be removed even if the temperature gradient disappears, and becomes a permanent stress.

By detecting that the surface stress of the toughened glass is more than or equal to 90Mpa, the granularity in any 50 multiplied by 50 region meets the requirements of GB/T34328-2017 light physical strengthened glass and GB 16763.2-2009 part 2 of safety glass for buildings: and (3) entering a cooling section after the chip requirements of tempered glass and JC/T2170-2013 antireflection coated glass for solar photovoltaic modules. The wind pressure of the cooling section depends on the production takt arrangement, and when the wind pressure of the cooling section is large, the production efficiency is high.

Example 2

1. Preparing inorganic film coating liquid

Same as in example 1

2. Edging, cleaning and drying treatment

Same as in example 1

3. Plating treatment

The same as example 1 except that the thickness of the coated glass for a solar photovoltaic module was 3.2 mm;

4. thermal treatment

Step 4-1), preheating treatment, wherein except that the thickness of the coated glass for the solar photovoltaic module is 3.2mm, the glass uniformly moves forwards in a preheating furnace at the speed of 12-15 mm/s, and the rest is the same as that in the embodiment 1;

4-2) the preheated glass enters a heating section of a toughening furnace for heat treatment, the glass uniformly moves forwards in the heating furnace at the speed of 12-15 mm/s, and the rest is the same as that in the embodiment 1;

step 4-3) controlling the quenching air pressure to be 13800-15500 Pa in the cooling and cooling treatment process; the quenching transmission speed is 480-520 mm/s; the cooling air pressure is 5500-6300 Pa, the cooling transmission speed is 480-520 mm/s, and the rest is the same as that in the embodiment 1.

Step 4-4), setting the pressure of the coated glass for the 3.2mm solar photovoltaic module at 70-85% on the upper part of the quenching high-pressure section; the lower pressure is set to be 72-85%; the upper pressure of the cooling pressure section is set to be 70-80%; the lower pressure is set to be 71-80%.

And 4-5) in the heat treatment process, the coated glass for the 3.2mm solar photovoltaic module moves forward in a tempering furnace at a constant speed of 12-15 mm/s.

In the heat treatment process of the step 4-6), the discharge distance of the 3.2mm coated glass for the solar photovoltaic module is 50-150 mm, which is the same as that in the embodiment 1.

In the cooling treatment process of the step 4-7), the distance between the 3.2mm coated glass for the solar photovoltaic module and the upper surface of the glass from the quenching air grid tuyere is 12-20 mm; the distance from the lower surface of the glass is 9-20 mm; the distance between the cooling air grid air nozzle and the upper surface of the glass is 10-15 mm; the distance from the lower surface of the glass is 10-15 mm.

Example 3

1. Preparing inorganic film coating liquid

Same as in example 1

2. Edging, cleaning and drying treatment

Same as in example 1

3. Plating treatment

The same as example 1 except that the thickness of the coated glass for a solar photovoltaic module was 4 mm;

4. thermal treatment

Step 4-1), preheating treatment, wherein except that the thickness of the coated glass for the solar photovoltaic module is 4mm, the glass uniformly moves forwards in a preheating furnace at the speed of 12-13 mm/s, and the rest is the same as that in the embodiment 1;

4-2) the preheated glass enters a heating section of a toughening furnace for heat treatment, the glass uniformly moves forwards in the heating furnace at the speed of 12-13 mm/s, and the rest is the same as that in the embodiment 1;

step 4-3) controlling the quenching air pressure to be 4850-5200 Pa in the cooling treatment process; the quenching transmission speed is 480-520 mm/s; the cooling wind pressure is 3200-3800 Pa, the cooling transmission speed is 480-520 mm/s, and the rest is the same as that of the embodiment 1.

Step 4-4), setting the pressure of the coated glass for the 4mm solar photovoltaic module at 40-52% on the upper part of the quenching high-pressure section; the lower pressure is set to be 40-50%; the upper pressure of the cooling pressure section is set to be 70-80%; the lower pressure is set to be 72-80%.

And 4-5) in the heat treatment process, enabling the coated glass for the 4mm solar photovoltaic module to move forward in a tempering furnace at a constant speed of 12-13 mm/s.

In the heat treatment process of the step 4-6), the discharge distance of the 4mm coated glass for the solar photovoltaic module is 50-150 mm, which is the same as that in the embodiment 1.

In the cooling treatment process of the step 4-7), the distance between the 4mm coated glass for the solar photovoltaic module and the upper surface of the glass is 12-20 mm; the distance from the lower surface of the glass is 13-18 mm; the distance between the cooling air grid air nozzle and the upper surface of the glass is 12-18 mm; the distance from the lower surface of the glass is 13-17 mm.

Comparative example 1 preparation of ordinary 2mm tempered glass

1. Edging, cleaning and drying treatment

The flat glass used in example 1 and having a thickness of 2mm for the solar photovoltaic module is fed into a horizontal combined edge grinding machine, the glass runs at a speed of 5 m/min, the edge of the glass is ground by using a C-shaped diamond wheel with a mesh number of 100-200 meshes, preferably 160-180 meshes, four corners of the glass are chamfered by using a diamond chamfering wheel with a mesh number of 180 meshes, and the chamfering size is 2-4 mm × 45 °.

In a glass cleaning machine (Xinfu brand 2000 type, New Fu Chuang mechanical Co., Ltd., Fuqing city), glass runs at the speed of 5 meters per minute, and the glass is cleaned by using a three-path water spraying system, wherein the water consumption for cleaning is 3-5 Kg per square meter, namely 3-5 Kg of water is used for each square meter of glass; then, a fan is used for drying the surface of the glass, the drying treatment is carried out on the glass, the power of the fan is 30KW/h (usually 25-35 KW/h), and the glass passes through a cleaning machine blowing drying system (air duct) at the speed of 5 m/min; the time for drying the glass surface is 3-5S;

2. thermal treatment

2 to 1) preheating treatment

Sending the cleaned plate glass into a preheating section in a toughening furnace (SC-20 type toughening furnace) for preheating treatment, heating by adopting hot air convection heating, blowing in hot air from the top and the bottom, and heating the glass entering the toughening furnace, wherein: the preheating temperature is 450 ℃; the glass moves forwards in the hearth at the speed of 12-15 mm/s; intensity of hot air convection at top: in the 1-50% convection heating time interval, the intensity of the convection pressure of the hot air at the top part is 3.6 bar; the convection pressure intensity of the top hot air is uniformly reduced from 3.6bar to 1.8bar within 50-70% of the convection heating time interval; the convection pressure intensity of the top hot air is uniformly reduced from 1.8bar to 0 within 70-80% of the convection heating time interval; the intensity of the convection pressure of the top hot air is 0 within 80-100% of the convection heating time interval; bottom hot air convection strength: the intensity of the convection pressure of the hot air at the bottom in the preheating section of the toughening furnace is 1.8bar in a 1-70% convection heating time interval; the bottom convection pressure intensity in a 70-80% convection heating time interval is uniformly reduced from 1.8bar to 0; the intensity of the hot air convection pressure at the bottom in the 80-100% convection heating time interval is 0;

2 to 2) heat treatment

The plate glass after the preheating treatment enters a heating section of a toughening furnace for heat treatment, and the heating temperature of the upper parts of the No. 3 and No. 4 heating furnace areas is 680-705 ℃ in the heat treatment process; the heating temperature of the lower part is 680-700 ℃; the heating temperature of the upper part of the No. 5 heating furnace area is 680-700 ℃; the heating temperature of the lower part is 670-700 ℃; the glass moves forwards at a constant speed of 13-16 mm/s in the hearth;

2-3) cooling treatment

The heat-treated plate glass enters a cooling section of a toughening furnace, and the heat-treated glass is cooled in an air cooling mode, wherein the distance between an air grid tuyere and the upper surface and the lower surface of the glass during quenching is 8-12 mm; and the distance between the air grid air nozzle and the upper surface and the lower surface of the glass is 10-15 mm during cooling.

Firstly, rapidly quenching glass, wherein the quenching wind pressure is controlled to be 22500 Pa; the quenching transmission speed is 535-600 mm/s; the air pressure of the cooling treatment is 8600-9500 Pa, and the quenching transmission speed is 485-530 mm/s; the glass moves forwards uniformly in the air grid section; and after the temperature of the glass is reduced to 40-60 ℃, removing the sheet to obtain the tempered flat glass for the 2mm solar photovoltaic module.

Particularly, the pressure of the toughened plate glass for the 2mm solar photovoltaic module at the upper part and the lower part of a quenching high-pressure section is set to be 90-95%; the upper and lower pressure of the cooling pressure section is set to be 85-95%.

Comparative example 1A plate glass for general 2mm solar photovoltaic module

A2 mm glass for a solar photovoltaic module, which was a flat glass for a solar photovoltaic module prepared in example 1, was used as comparative example 1A.

Comparative example 2 preparation of ordinary 3.2mm tempered glass

1. Edging, cleaning and drying treatment

The comparative example 1 was repeated except that the plate glass for a solar photovoltaic module having a thickness of 3.2mm used in example 2 was used;

2. thermal treatment

2-1) the cleaned plate glass is sent into a preheating section in a toughening furnace (SC-20 type toughening furnace) for preheating treatment, hot air convection heating is adopted for temperature rise, hot air is blown in from the top and the bottom, and the glass entering the toughening furnace is heated, wherein: the preheating temperature is 450 ℃; the glass moves forwards in the hearth at a speed of 14-17 mm/s; intensity of hot air convection at top: in the 1-50% convection heating time interval, the intensity of the convection pressure of the hot air at the top part is 3.6 bar; the convection pressure intensity of the top hot air is uniformly reduced from 3.6bar to 1.8bar within 50-70% of the convection heating time interval; the convection pressure intensity of the top hot air is uniformly reduced from 1.8bar to 0 within 70-80% of the convection heating time interval; the intensity of the convection pressure of the top hot air is 0 within 80-100% of the convection heating time interval; bottom hot air convection strength: the intensity of the convection pressure of the hot air at the bottom in the preheating section of the toughening furnace is 1.8bar in a 1-70% convection heating time interval; the bottom convection pressure intensity in a 70-80% convection heating time interval is uniformly reduced from 1.8bar to 0; the intensity of the hot air convection pressure at the bottom in the 80-100% convection heating time interval is 0;

2 to 2) heat treatment

The plate glass after the preheating treatment enters a heating section of a toughening furnace for heat treatment, and the heating temperature of the upper part and the lower part of a No. 3 heating furnace and a No. 4 heating furnace in the heat treatment process is 680-705 ℃; the heating temperature of the upper part and the lower part of the 5# heating furnace area is 680-700 ℃; the glass moves forwards at a constant speed of 14-17 mm/s in the hearth;

2-3) cooling treatment

The heat-treated plate glass enters a cooling section of a toughening furnace, and the heat-treated glass is cooled in an air cooling mode, wherein the distance between an air grid tuyere and the upper surface and the lower surface of the glass during quenching is 15-17 mm; the distance between the cooling air grid air nozzle and the upper surface and the lower surface of the glass is 12-17 mm.

Firstly, rapidly quenching glass, wherein the quenching air pressure is controlled to be 13800-15500 Pa; the quenching transmission speed is 480-520 mm/s; the cooling air pressure is 5500-6300 Pa, and the cooling transmission speed is 492-535 mm/s; the glass moves forwards uniformly in the air grid section; and after the temperature of the glass is reduced to 40-60 ℃, removing the sheet to obtain the tempered flat glass for the solar photovoltaic module with the thickness of 3.2 mm.

Particularly, the pressure of the upper part and the lower part of the toughened plate glass for the 3.2mm solar photovoltaic module in the quenching high-pressure section is set to be 65-78 percent; the upper and lower pressure of the cooling pressure section is set to be 62-79%.

Comparative example 2A plate glass for general 3.2mm solar photovoltaic module

A 3.2mm flat glass for a solar photovoltaic module, which was a flat glass for a solar photovoltaic module prepared in example 2, was used as comparative example 2A.

Comparative example 3 preparation of ordinary 4mm tempered glass

1. Edging, cleaning and drying treatment

The comparative example 1 was repeated except that the coated glass for a solar photovoltaic module having a thickness of 4mm used in example 3 was used;

2. thermal treatment

2-1) the cleaned plate glass is sent into a preheating section in a toughening furnace (SC-20 type toughening furnace) for preheating treatment, hot air convection heating is adopted for temperature rise, hot air is blown in from the top and the bottom, and the glass entering the toughening furnace is heated, wherein: the preheating temperature is 450 ℃; the glass moves forwards in the hearth at the speed of 13-15 mm/s; intensity of hot air convection at top: in the 1-50% convection heating time interval, the intensity of the convection pressure of the hot air at the top part is 3.6 bar; the convection pressure intensity of the top hot air is uniformly reduced from 3.6bar to 1.8bar within 50-70% of the convection heating time interval; the convection pressure intensity of the top hot air is uniformly reduced from 1.8bar to 0 within 70-80% of the convection heating time interval; the intensity of the convection pressure of the top hot air is 0 within 80-100% of the convection heating time interval; bottom hot air convection strength: the intensity of the convection pressure of the hot air at the bottom in the preheating section of the toughening furnace is 1.8bar in a 1-70% convection heating time interval; the bottom convection pressure intensity in a 70-80% convection heating time interval is uniformly reduced from 1.8bar to 0; the intensity of the hot air convection pressure at the bottom in the 80-100% convection heating time interval is 0;

2 to 2) heat treatment

The preheated plate glass enters a heating section of a toughening furnace for heat treatment, and the heating temperature of the upper part and the lower part of the No. 3 and No. 4 heating furnace areas is 680-705 ℃ in the heat treatment process; the heating temperature of the upper part and the lower part of the 5# heating furnace area is 680-700 ℃; the glass moves forwards at a constant speed of 13-15 mm/s in the hearth;

2-3) cooling treatment

The heat-treated plate glass enters a cooling section of a toughening furnace, cooling treatment is carried out on the heat-treated glass in an air cooling mode, and the distance between an air grid tuyere and the upper surface and the lower surface of the glass during quenching is 15-22 mm; the distance between the cooling air grid air nozzle and the upper surface and the lower surface of the glass is 18-28 mm.

Firstly, rapidly quenching glass, wherein the quenching wind pressure is controlled to be 4850-5200 Pa; the quenching transmission speed is 480-520 mm/s; the air pressure of the cooling treatment is 3200-3800 Pa, and the cooling transmission speed is 480-520 mm/s; the glass moves forwards uniformly in the air grid section; and after the temperature of the glass is reduced to 40-60 ℃, removing the sheet to obtain the tempered flat glass for the 4mm solar photovoltaic module.

Particularly, the pressure of the upper part and the lower part of the tempered flat glass for the 4mm solar photovoltaic module in the quenching high-pressure section is set to be 40-52 percent; the lower pressure is set to be 40-50%; the upper pressure of the cooling pressure section is set to be 70-80%; the lower pressure is set to be 72-80%.

Comparative example 3A coated glass for common 4mm solar photovoltaic module

The glass for a 4mm solar photovoltaic module from which the coated glass for a solar photovoltaic module was prepared in example 3 was used as comparative example 3A.

Test example 1 Property test of glass

1. Effective transmittance of sunlight

The ratio of the sunlight flux of the glass sample to the incident sunlight flux in the solar spectrum range of 380-1100 nm of the coated glass for the solar module prepared in the examples 1-3, the common toughened glass in the comparative examples 1-3, the common toughened glass in the 1A-3A and the common coated glass in the 1A-3A is measured according to the method of the national industry standard JC/T2170-2013 antireflection film glass for the solar photovoltaic module.

2. Film pencil hardness test

The hardness of the surface film layers of the coated glass for the solar module, the common toughened glass for the comparative examples 1 to 3 and the common coated glass for the 1A to 3A prepared in the examples 1 to 3 is measured according to the method of the national industry standard JC/T2170 to 2013 antireflection film glass for the solar photovoltaic module.

3. Testing acid resistance of film layer

The acid resistance of the surface film layers of the coated glass for the solar module, the common toughened glass for the comparative examples 1 to 3 and the common coated glass for the 1A to 3A prepared in the examples 1 to 3 is measured according to the method of the national industry standard JC/T2170 to 2013 antireflection film glass for the solar photovoltaic module, and the test is carried out, so that the average attenuation of the effective transmittance tau of sunlight after the test is required to be not more than 1%, and the film layers do not have the phenomena of obvious shedding, peeling and wrinkling.

4. Testing of thermal cycle resistance of film

The heat-resistant cycle performance of the surface film layers of the coated glass for the solar module prepared in examples 1-3, the common toughened glass in comparative examples 1-3 and the common coated glass 1A-3A is measured according to the method of the national industry standard JC/T2170-2013 antireflection film glass for the solar photovoltaic module, and the test is carried out, wherein the sample is required to be cycled for 200 times at the temperature of-40 +/-2-85 +/-2 ℃, the average attenuation of the effective transmittance tau of sunlight after the test is not more than 1%, and the film layers are not obviously peeled off, peeled off and wrinkled.

5. Resistance to moisture and freezing of film layer

The heat-resistant cycle performance of the surface film layers of the coated glass for the solar module, the common toughened glass for the comparative examples 1 to 3 and the common coated glass for 1A to 3A prepared in the examples 1 to 3 is measured according to the method of the national industry standard JC/T2170 to 2013 antireflection film glass for the solar photovoltaic module, and the test is carried out, wherein the sample is required to be cycled for 10 times when the relative humidity is 85 +/-5 percent and the maximum temperature is 85 +/-2 ℃ to 40 +/-2 ℃, the average attenuation of the effective transmittance tau of sunlight after the test is not more than 1 percent, and the film layers do not have the phenomena of obvious shedding, peeling and wrinkling.

6. Testing of film moisture and heat resistance

The heat cycle resistance of the surface film layers of the coated glass for the solar module, the common toughened glass for the comparative examples 1 to 3 and the common coated glass for 1A to 3A prepared in the examples 1 to 3 is measured according to the method of the national industry standard JC/T2170 to 2013 antireflection film glass for the solar photovoltaic module, and the test is carried out, wherein the average attenuation of the effective transmittance tau of sunlight after the test is not more than 1% when the sample is circulated for 1000 hours at the relative humidity of 85 +/-5% and the temperature of 85 +/-2 ℃, and the film layers are not obviously peeled off, peeled off and wrinkled.

7. Outdoor exposure test

The outdoor exposure test performance of the surface film layers of the coated glass for the solar module prepared in the embodiment 1-3, the common toughened glass in the comparative example 1-3 and the common coated glass 1A-3A is measured according to the requirement of standard IEC61215:2005, and the sample is placed in an outdoor environment to ensure that the cumulative irradiation amount reaches 60 KWh/square meter and the film layers have no obvious phenomena of falling, stripping and wrinkling.

8. Film layer ultraviolet-resistant 120 kwh/square meter pretreatment test

The ultraviolet resistance 120 kwh/square meter pretreatment test performance of the surface film layers of the coated glass for the solar module prepared in the embodiment 1-3, the common toughened glass in the comparative example 1-3 and the common coated glass 1A-3A is measured according to the requirement of standard IEC61215:2005, a sample is irradiated by ultraviolet rays with the wavelength of 280-385 nm, the cumulative irradiation amount is 120 kwh/square meter, wherein the ultraviolet irradiation amount with the wavelength of 280-320 nm accounts for 3-10% of the total irradiation amount, and the film layers do not drop, peel or wrinkle obviously.

9. Film scrub resistance test

The washing resistance of the surface film layers of the coated glass for the solar module, the common toughened glass for the comparative examples 1 to 3 and the common coated glass for 1A to 3A prepared in the examples 1 to 3 is measured according to the method of the national industry standard JC/T2170 to 2013 antireflection film glass for the solar photovoltaic module, the sample is required to be washed with 5% washing powder solution by mass, the PH value is 9.5 to 11, the sample film surface is repeatedly brushed for 400 times, the attenuation of the average value of the sunlight effective transmittance tau after the test is not more than 1%, and the film layer does not obviously drop, peel or wrinkle.

10. Wear resistance of film

According to the national standard GB/T30984.1-2015 part 1 of glass for solar energy: the method of ultra-white figured glass measures the wear resistance of the surface film layers of the coated glass for the solar module prepared in the embodiment 1-3, the common toughened glass of the comparison example 1-3 and the common coated glass of the comparison example 1A-3A, and requires that the sample reciprocates 40 strokes in a cylindrical felt with 27N force, the average value attenuation of the effective transmittance tau of sunlight after the test is not more than 1 percent, and the film layers do not have obvious phenomena of shedding, stripping and wrinkling.

11. Neutral salt spray resistance test of film layer

The neutral salt spray resistance of the surface film layers of the coated glass for the solar module, the common toughened glass for the comparative examples 1 to 3 and the common coated glass 1A to 3A prepared in the examples 1 to 3 is measured according to the method of the national industry standard JC/T2170 to 2013 antireflection film glass for the solar photovoltaic module, and the samples are continuously sprayed for 96 hours at the temperature of 35 ℃ in 50g/L NaCl solution and the pH value of 6.5 to 7.2, so that the attenuation of the average value of the sunlight effective transmittance tau after the test is not more than 1 percent, and the film layers do not have the phenomena of obvious falling, peeling and wrinkling.

12. Thermal shock resistance

The neutral salt spray resistance of the film layers on the surfaces of the coated glass for the solar module, the common toughened glass for the comparative examples 1 to 3 and the common coated glass 1A to 3A prepared in the examples 1 to 3 is measured according to the method of the national industry standard JC/T2170 to 2013 antireflection film glass for the solar photovoltaic module, the samples are required to be placed in an oven at the temperature of 200 +/-2 ℃, the temperature is kept for 4 hours, the samples are taken out and then are immediately vertically immersed into an ice water mixture at the temperature of 0 ℃, the samples are ensured to be immersed into water above test 1/3, and whether the glass is damaged or not is observed after 5 minutes.

13. Accelerated aging Property

According to the national standard GB/T2423.40-2013 environmental test part 2: the test method wind pressure' method is used for measuring the accelerated aging performance of the surface film layers of the coated glass for the solar module prepared in the examples 1-3, the common toughened glass in the comparative examples 1-3 and the common coated glass 1A-3A, and requires that a sample is tested for 48 hours in an environment with the temperature of 120 ℃, the relative humidity of 85% and the steam pressure of 0.17MPa, the attenuation of the average value of the effective transmittance tau of sunlight after the test is not more than 1%, and the film layers do not have obvious phenomena of falling, peeling and wrinkling.

14. Hail resistance test

The hail impact resistance test performance of the coated glass for the solar module prepared in the embodiment 1-3, the common toughened glass in the comparison example 1-3 and the common coated glass 1A-3A is measured according to the requirement of standard IEC61215:2005, a sample is subjected to ice balls with the diameter of 23.75-26.25 mm and the mass of 7.1535-7.9065 g, 11 points of the coating surface of the sample are impacted by 23m/s +/-5% in a grading manner, and the film layer has no obvious phenomena of indentation, falling off, peeling and wrinkling.

15. Mechanical load test

The mechanical load resistance of the coated glass for the solar module prepared in the embodiment 1-3, the common toughened glass in the comparison examples 1-3 and the common coated glass 1A-3A is measured according to the requirements of standard IEC61215:2005, the front and back surfaces of the sample are pressed under 2400Pa, the sample is kept for 1 hour, and the glass is not broken after 3 times of circulation.

16. Thickness of film

After scanning by an electron microscope, the thickness of the film layer is between 90 and 120 nm.

17. Photoelectric conversion rate of solar photovoltaic module processed into 210mm cell

The embodiment and the comparative embodiment thereof show that the coated glass for the solar photovoltaic module has the advantages of low cost, convenient preparation, lower requirement on environment, no increase of the cost of manufacturing factories and simple construction, and the prepared coated glass for the solar photovoltaic module has neutral color and no interference chromatic aberration in natural environment; the coating can be directly used on solar photovoltaic components and building outer walls, and has high solar light transmittance and low reflectivity; the high temperature resistance is good; the acid and alkali resistance and weather resistance are good; the wear resistance is good; the ultraviolet resistance and aging resistance are high; the effective transmittance of the solar photovoltaic module in the natural light environment is improved, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar photovoltaic module is effectively improved; moreover, the method is simple to operate, the preparation process conditions are mild, and the production cost of the solar photovoltaic module glass is reduced.

The above examples are merely representative of preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various changes, modifications and substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and these are all within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A preparation method of coated glass for a solar photovoltaic module is characterized by comprising the following steps:

E) the cured coated glass enters a toughening furnace for heat treatment;

3-8 parts of polyacrylate nano emulsion

3-5 parts of methyl orthosilicate

15-25 parts of pure water

65-80 parts of absolute ethyl alcohol

0.1-1 part of silane coupling agent

0.1-1 part of flatting agent

0.1 to 1 portion of defoaming agent

Wherein the heat treatment stage comprises the following steps:

1) preheating the plated glass in a hot air convection heating mode;

2) carrying out heat treatment on the preheated glass;

2. The method for preparing the coated glass for the solar photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein the inorganic coating solution is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:

5 parts of polyacrylate nano emulsion

3.8 parts of methyl orthosilicate

20 portions of pure water

71 portions of absolute ethyl alcohol

Silane coupling agent 0.3 part

0.1 part of flatting agent

0.1 part of defoaming agent.

3. The method for preparing the coated glass for the solar photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein the inorganic coating solution is prepared by the following steps:

1) adding methyl orthosilicate and absolute ethyl alcohol into pure water, stirring, and dissolving uniformly to prepare a nano silica sol solution;

2) sequentially adding polyacrylate nano emulsion, nano silica sol, a silane coupling agent, a flatting agent and a defoaming agent into an absolute ethyl alcohol solution for replacement treatment, uniformly stirring, and standing to obtain the inorganic coating liquid.

4. The method for preparing the coated glass for the solar photovoltaic module according to claim 3, wherein in the step 2), the replacement treatment temperature is 30-50 ℃, and the replacement treatment time is not less than 120 min; the standing treatment time is more than or equal to 6 hours, and the temperature of the standing treatment is 23 ℃.

5. The method for preparing the coated glass for a solar photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the preheating treatment in the step 1) is set to be 420 to 500 ℃ and the preheating treatment time is 35 to 100 s.

6. The method for preparing the coated glass for the solar photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2), the heating temperature is 650-710 ℃ and the heating time is 35-100 s in the heat treatment process.

7. The method for preparing the coated glass for the solar photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein the cooling treatment in the step 3) comprises quenching the heat-treated glass under the condition that the wind pressure is 4500-25000 Pa, and then cooling the heat-treated glass under the condition that the wind pressure is 3200-11000 Pa until the temperature of the glass is less than or equal to 60 ℃, wherein the quenching and the cooling transmission speed are 450-630 mm/s.