CN2074078U - Permanent-magnet brushless d.c. motor - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a permanent-magnet brushless DC motor which is mainly applied in an electric boosting bicycle. The permanent-magnet brushless DC motor is characterized in that an electronic commutation controller is arranged on the outside of the motor body, and therefore, the working environment of electronic components is improved and the reliability is enhanced. The magnetic circuit is changed into a radial magnetic field, and the axial gap of the motor can be easily ensured. The Nd-Fe-B material with high magnetic energy product is used as the material of magnetic poles, and the electronics commutation controller adopts an automatical energy recovery circuit, so the utilization rate of energy is effectively improved. The permanent-magnet brushless DC motor can achieve integral loading and unloading on the electric boosting bicycle, making installation and maintenance convenient.

Description

Permanent-magnet brushless D.C. motor

The utility model relates to a kind of brushless, permanently excited direct current motor.

" brushless, permanently excited direct current motor " of application number 88218601.9 is prior art of the present utility model.It is made up of motor shaft (2), stator core (5), winding (6), wheel shell (8), rotor (13), infrared light transducer[sensor (11), baffle vane (13), electronic commutation controller (19), seal (16), pillar (17), sheath (18), lead-out wire (21) etc.This patent finds that in force its deficiency is as follows: because its magnetic energy product of permanent magnet that is adopted is low, magnetic air gap is difficult to guarantee, causes this power of motor on the low side; Because the trailing wheel spoke of power booster bicycle is directly to be contained on the left and right sides rotor block of motor, be contained on the spoke circle of rotor exterior ring, when motor breaks down, just motor and one of trailing wheel have to be disassembled, send to repairing, increased inconvenience to maintenance like this; Because the magnet steel of former patent motor is to be bonded on the rotor block of the left and right sides, when assembling,, increased the Qian Zai Wei Threats that magnet steel comes off because stress deformation can cause harmful effect to adhesion strength, reduced the reliability of complete machine; The reason of former patent motor in magnetic circuit and topology layout, when motor moves, gravitation between rotor magnetic steel and stator core off and on, will low-frequency vibration, special when motor has been installed on the car body, in a single day the natural frequency of vehicle frame identical or approaching with the low-frequency vibration frequency of motor, just will resonate, have a strong impact on the comfortableness of riding, the also corresponding increasing of noise.

The utility model is intended to improve the 88218601.9(application number) the patent motor properties, a kind of drive motors that is applicable to China's power booster bicycle is provided, this motor has more high-power, is convenient to produce in batches, and reliability is higher, safeguards more convenient.

Concrete scheme is as follows:

The pole material of motor of the present utility model adopts the NdFeB material of high energy product, to improve the power output of motor.

Improve magnetic Circuit Design, make that magnetic air gap is easier to reach requirement, electric machine structure is one extremely to a tooth, original axial magnetic circuit is changed into radially magnetic circuit, be about to permanent magnet system tile shape pole arrangement on the inner surface in rotor garden week, totally 16 blocks of magnet steel, stator is built up by silicon steel sheet, dash 16 wire casings (promptly forming 16 teeth), groove is embedded in two-layer winding, commutates by electronic commutator.

The width of rebate of stator punching changes 2 millimeters into, thereby the rotor field location torque is greatly reduced, and has improved sliding certainly property, has reduced low-frequency vibration.

Automatically controlled circuit is placed on the motor body outside, draws 7 leads from motor: 1 ground wire, main winding L ₁, L ₂Respectively draw 1 line, the generating winding L ₃Draw 2 lines, the photoelectricity seat is drawn 2 lines.Adopt the external control device to bring following advantage:

A, reduce the ambient temperature of electronic commutator, improved the useful life and the reliability of electronic component, the power tube saturation voltage drop is reduced, can remedy the loss that brings behind the lead-in wire lengthening, in order to avoid reduce efficiency of motor, even slightly improve.

B, improved the reliability of machine operation.

C, improved maintainability.

Motor of the present utility model, end play are self-regulating by wave spring washer (3), exempt the motor stator axial endplay.

The automatically controlled circuit of the utility model motor adopts the application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) LZ19 of brshless DC motor.11 pin input commutating pulse by LZ19 amplifies through electric current, comes driving switch power tube V from the enough electric currents of 8,9 pin output ₂, V ₃, make the machine operation winding L ₁, L ₂Conducting in turn.

This automatically controlled circuit is exactly with the LZ19 basis, adds periphery circuit, makes to have overcurrent, owe fast, under-voltage, soft start, defencive functions such as electric brake.

The feature of the utility model motor is: motor not only has the work winding L ₁, L ₂, also have a generating winding L ₃When motor rotates, L ₃Produce the induction alternating voltage, this voltage is through rectification, after the voltage stabilizing as the supply voltage V of automatically controlled circuit _CcThis voltage is added on 14 pin of LZ19, connects a comparator, works as V ₁₄Voltage is less than this during than the reference voltage of device, V _CcAutomatic disconnection makes the motor stall, thereby has automatic protection functions when owing speed protection and motor rotation blockage.

Another feature of this automatically controlled circuit is to have energy recovery function.By L ₁, L ₂, V ₄, V ₅Form full-wave rectifying circuit, (this moment V when disconnecting control circuit ₂, V ₃Place's cut-off state), motor is because the effect of inertia of bicycle and motor itself descends rotation, or during the bicycle downhill running, L ₁, L ₂Produce induced voltage, through V ₄, V ₅Obtain a direct voltage after the rectification, if when this direct voltage surpasses the terminal voltage of battery just to the battery reverse charge, realize the electric energy recovery.

This automatically controlled circuit also has soft start function, and it is to add delay circuit R by LZ19 ₆, C ₂Realize, make the starting current of motor unlikely too big, in order to avoid battery and motor suffer heavy current impact.

Accompanying drawing has been described embodiment of the present utility model.

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the utility model brushless, permanently excited direct current motor.

Fig. 2 is the electrical schematic diagram of electronic commutation controller of the present utility model.

Fig. 1 is the embodiment schematic diagram of the utility model brushless, permanently excited direct current motor, it has disclosed the internal structure of motor layout of this utility model and the annexation between motor and electronic commutation controller, the relative position of each assembly of motor internal and assembly relation, motor stator core (5) is cast into one with motor shaft (2) with alloy aluminum, winding (6) is embedded in stator core (5) teeth groove, magnet steel (10) is adhered on rotor exterior ring (9) inner surface, flexible pin (7) between wheel shell (8) and rotor exterior ring (9), and there is trip bolt (1) to take turns shell and rotor exterior ring is connected, set up the hole that the trailing wheel spoke is installed on the wheel shell, motor body is electrically connected with lead-in wire bundle (21) with the electronic commutation controller.

Fig. 2 is the electrical schematic diagram of electronic commutation controller.LZ19 is the application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) of the utility model brshless DC motor, by L ₁, L ₂, V ₄, V ₅Form full-wave rectifying circuit, form energy recovering circuit with LZ19.

L ₃Connect voltage rectifying circuit, 14 pin of linking LZ19 are formed the fast protective circuit of owing of motor, and after voltage stabilizing as the supply voltage of automatically controlled circuit.

R ₆, C ₃Delay circuit is received 7 pin of LZ19 and is formed the electric machine soft starting circuit.

The drawing reference numeral explanation: (1) trip bolt (2) motor shaft (3) wave spring washer (4) aluminum casting (5) stator core (6) stator winding (7) resilient key (8) wheel shell (9) rotor exterior ring (10) magnet steel (11) infrared light transducer[sensor (12) baffle vane (13) rotor block (14) is adjusted screw (15) bearing block (16) seal (17) pillar (18) sheath (19) electronic commutation controller (20) plug-in unit (21) bundle conductor

Claims (7)

1, a kind of by stator core (5), winding (6), motor shaft (2), rotor exterior ring (9), left and right sides rotor block (13), magnet steel (10), infrared light transducer[sensor (11), baffle vane (12), electronic commutation controller (19), seal (16), pillar (17), sheath (18), the brushless, permanently excited direct current motor that lead-out wire (2) etc. constitute is characterized in that having set up a wheel shell (8) at rotor outer shroud (9), one group of spring pivot (7), on rotor exterior ring (9) inner surface tile-shaped magnet steel (10) is arranged, at motor shell external electronic commutation controller (19) and bundle conductor (21).

2, motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that between rotor exterior ring (9) and wheel shell (8) one group of spring pivot (7) and trip bolt (1) being arranged.

3, motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that having adorned 16 tile-shaped magnet steels (10), corresponding with (5) 16 teeth of stator core on the inner surface of rotor exterior ring (9).

4, motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that electronic commutator (19) places outside the motor body, bundle conductor (21) one termination electronic commutators (19), a termination motor body.

5,, it is characterized in that setting up a generating winding L according to claim 1 and the described motor of claim 4.

6, according to claim 1 and the described motor of claim 4, it is characterized in that by L ₁, L ₂, V4, V5 form full-wave rectifying circuit.

7, according to claim 1 and the described motor of claim 4, it is characterized in that by R ₆C ₂Form delay circuit.