Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the shortcoming of prior art, and a kind of employing electronic commutation is provided, running steadily, stepless speed regulation wide ranges energy-efficient, no electromagnetic interference, noise is low, the generation means for applying negative that the life-span is grown.
For achieving the above object, a kind of negative pressure generation device that the utility model provides comprises the high-performance rare-earth permanent-magnetic motor body, electric machine controller, and the mechanical device-blower fan of generation negative pressure.
The signal that electric machine controller is accepted transducer produces switching signal driving main switch circuit after computing, give corresponding stator winding feed, produces rotating magnetic field drive motors rotor.The impeller of blower fan is assemblied on the machine shaft, is driven to 22000 rev/mins high speed, produces negative pressure at fan housing central opening place.
A kind of energy-conservation negative pressure generation device, comprise motor and negative pressure generation device two parts, the rotating shaft of motor is connected with the rotating shaft of negative pressure generation device, and motor and negative pressure generation device are in the position that connects, and form energy-conservation negative pressure generation integrated device, driven by motor negative pressure generation device rotates.
Described motor is that the rare-earth permanent magnet brushless motor is covered by shell, and described negative pressure generation device is a blower fan.
Described motor comprises: rotor set, and rotating shaft, bearing, stator pack, the motor protecgulum, the motor bonnet, the transducer magnet ring, transducer, sensor wrap, the construction bolt element is formed, and is installed in the motor after the above-mentioned device assembling.
Described rotor set rotor set comprises rotor punching, magnet steel, the rotor collar, stator pack comprises stator punching, winding, slot liner, the high-performance rare earth magnet sheet is attached to the rotor pack outside, and the flat thin magnet inner arc is close to the outer arc of rotor punching, and the cover upper rotor part collar flies off with magnet in preventing to run up, rare-earth magnet has the remanent magnetism height, the coercive force height, the characteristics that magnetic energy product is high make the electric efficiency height, the power density height, volume is little.The rotor set that forms is pressed in the rotating shaft.Stator punching stack back adopts welding manner to be fixed together, and adds slot liner then, and again around last winding, each winding connects the back derives motor by lead-in wire.Last integral body is pressed in the aluminum alloy casing.
Described shell is that aluminum alloy casing has high thermal conductivity, and the surface has radiating ribs, and the surface is a black simultaneously, has good heat-sinking capability, can improve the power density of motor like this.Motor housing adopts aluminum alloy materials, the thermal conductivity height, and there is radiating ribs on the surface, and color is black, helps radiation and heat loss through convection.Motor housing closely contacts with the stator cylindrical, is beneficial to heat transferred.
Described Bearing Installation is advanced in the bearing chamber of motor protecgulum and bonnet and rotor, stator are assembled together together, and is fastening with assembling bolt.
Sensor installation magnet ring on the described motor shaft, sensor installation-Hall element is used bolt then.Transducer magnet ring and transducer cover with sensor wrap, use bolt.The signal of Hall element is transferred in the external controller by lead-in wire, produces control signal control main switch element, and electric current is applied in the corresponding stator winding, produces the rotation of rotating magnetic field drive motors rotor.Sensor installation magnet ring on the motor shaft, the number of poles of magnet ring and the number of poles of rotor equate, are used to produce the magnetic field that rotates synchronously with rotor, and rotor-position signal is detected and produces in this magnetic field by transducer.
Described transducer installation angle coincidence formula Pa=K*360deg+/-120deg, P is the motor number of pole-pairs, and a is that Hall element is installed angle, and K is a natural number.
Described negative pressure generation device comprises: pallet, and wind deflector, former and later two impellers, fan housing, the fan housing lid, motor is installed on the pallet, and pallet, wind deflector, former and later two impellers, fan housing, fan housing lid are combined, and impeller is installed on the motor shaft.Be installed in the negative pressure generation device after the above-mentioned device assembling.Impeller is installed on the motor shaft.When the motor-driven fan blade runs up, air is accelerated, in fan housing, rotate, because of centrifugal action produces negative pressure at the center, the circumference place produces malleation, the air that malleation is arranged of rotation is directed to motor drive direction by wind deflector, and central negative pressure is by fan housing opening and extraneous UNICOM, so air-flow is to enter and flow out from motor drive direction from the fan housing opening.
Negative pressure produces mechanical device and adopts two impellers, and tandem is on motor shaft, and the negative pressure of generation superposes, and helps improving the numerical value of negative pressure.
Described controller is by as the lower part: rectification circuit; single-phase rectification bridge or three-phase commutation bridge; filter circuit; the buffer circuit circuit; drive and power conversion circuit; position detecting circuit; sampling and protective circuit; total digitalization MCU control circuit; input/output interface circuit; the host computer rectification circuit is formed; single-phase rectification bridge or three-phase commutation bridge; filter circuit; the buffer circuit circuit; driving and power conversion circuit are connected in series successively; the input of position detecting circuit connects transducer; transducer is positioned near the rare-earth permanent magnet brushless motor shaft; the output of position detecting circuit is connected to totally digitilized MCU control circuit; total digitalization MCU control circuit and sampling and protective circuit; drive and power conversion circuit; the two-way connection of input/output interface circuit, host computer is connected to input/output interface circuit.
Use advanced integrated through optimizing circuit protection function and the Intelligent Power Module (IPM) of the driver of coupling low-loss IGBT make the controller architecture compactness, dwindle the space, significantly improved the reliability of controller.
Controller is integrated excess temperature (over-temperature) monitoring and integrated under-voltage locking (undervoltage lock-out) protection, further enhanced system reliability.
Built-in high pressure IC (HVIC) at a high speed provides the IGBT grid level driving force of no optical coupler, further reduces the overall dimension of controller system design.In addition, incorporate HVIC into and be easier to use single supply to drive topology, can be only drive with the driving power voltage of a no back bias voltage.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are that motor adopts high-performance rare earth magnet, adopt the brushless electric machine mode; motor volume is greatly reduced; the power density height, the electric efficiency height, the life-span is long; noise is low; no electromagnetic interference, motor speed and power are easy to control and adjust, and controller has overcurrent efficiently simultaneously; thermal-shutdown circuit makes the reliability height of whole system.
Embodiment
With reference to figure 1, the energy-conservation negative pressure generation device of the utility model comprises motor and negative pressure generation device two parts, and motor is that the rare-earth permanent magnet brushless motor is covered by shell, is to drive power, and the negative pressure generation device is a blower fan.The rotating shaft of motor is connected with the rotating shaft of negative pressure generation device, and motor and negative pressure generation device are in the position that connects, and forms energy-conservation negative pressure generation integrated device, and driven by motor negative pressure generation device rotates.
With reference to figure 2 are outline drawings of drive motors, and Fig. 3 is the motor profile, and Fig. 4 is the electric machine structure explosive view.Main component of electrical machine comprises: rotor set 1, and rotating shaft 2, bearing 3, stator pack 4, motor protecgulum 5, motor bonnet 6, transducer magnet ring 7, transducer 8, sensor wrap 9, construction bolt 10 elements such as grade are formed.Be installed in the motor after the above-mentioned device assembling.Wherein, rotor set comprises rotor punching, magnet steel, and the rotor collar, stator pack comprises stator punching, winding, slot liner.
The high-performance rare earth magnet sheet is attached to the rotor pack outside, the flat thin magnet inner arc is close to the outer arc of rotor punching, the cover upper rotor part collar flies off with magnet in preventing to run up, and the flat thin magnet number is an even number, is 2 times of number of pole-pairs, rare-earth magnet has the remanent magnetism height, the coercive force height, the characteristics that magnetic energy product is high make the electric efficiency height, the power density height, volume is little.The rotor set that forms is pressed in the rotating shaft.
Stator punching stack back adopts welding manner to be fixed together, and adds slot liner then, again around last winding.Last integral body is pressed in the aluminum alloy casing.Aluminum alloy casing has high thermal conductivity, and the surface has radiating ribs, and the surface is a black simultaneously, has good heat-sinking capability, and the power density of motor can be provided like this.
Motor bearings is installed in the bearing chamber of motor protecgulum and bonnet, and rotor, and stator is assembled together together.Fastening with assembling bolt.
Sensor installation magnet ring on the motor shaft, sensor installation-Hall element is used bolt then.Transducer magnet ring and transducer cover with sensor wrap, use bolt.Electromechanical transducer installation angle coincidence formula Pa=K*360deg+/-120deg, P is the motor number of pole-pairs, and a is that Hall element is installed angle, and K is a natural number.The signal of Hall element is transferred in the external controller by lead-in wire, produces control signal control main switch element, and electric current is applied in the corresponding stator winding, produces the rotation of rotating magnetic field drive motors rotor.
With reference to figure 5, the structure explosive view of negative pressure generation device, critical piece is: pallet 11, wind deflector 12, former and later two impellers 13, fan housing 14, fan housing lid 15, motor is installed on the pallet 11, and pallet 11, wind deflector 12, former and later two impellers 13, fan housing 14, fan housing lid 15 are combined, and impeller 13 is installed on the motor shaft.Be installed in the negative pressure generation device after the above-mentioned device assembling.When the motor-driven fan blade runs up, air is accelerated, in fan housing, rotate, because of centrifugal action produces negative pressure at the center, the excircle place produces malleation, the air that malleation is arranged of rotation is directed to motor drive direction by wind deflector, and central negative pressure is by fan housing opening and extraneous UNICOM, so air-flow is to enter and flow out from motor drive direction from the fan housing opening.
With reference to figure 6, the brushless motor controller structured flowchart, critical piece is: 16. rectification circuits: single-phase rectification bridge or three-phase commutation bridge.17. filter circuit.18. buffer circuit circuit.19. drive and power conversion circuit: the advanced intelligent power model (IPM) of introducing high-performance, compact makes brushless controller of fan compact conformation, dwindles the space, has significantly improved the reliability of controller.This Intelligent Power Module is integrated through the circuit protection function of optimization and the driver of coupling low-loss IGBT.Use advanced current sense igbt chip, the IGBT electric current is carried out continuous monitoring, thereby realize short circuit current detection/protection efficiently.By built-in excess temperature (over-temperature) monitoring and integrated under-voltage locking (undervoltage lock-out) protection, further enhanced system reliability.Built-in high pressure IC (HVIC) at a high speed provides the IGBT grid level driving force of no optical coupler, further reduces the overall dimension of controller system design.In addition, incorporate HVIC into and be easier to use single supply to drive topology, can be only drive with the driving power voltage of a no back bias voltage.20. rare-earth permanent magnet brushless motor.21. position detecting circuit.22. sampling and protective circuit.23. totally digitilized MCU control circuit.24. input/output interface circuit.25. host computer, this controller sends rise/stopping of corresponding signal control motor and speed by host computer.After host computer is sent out enable signal, as slave computer MCU begin receive the PWM speed-regulating signal that host computer sends, both sides stipulate as follows: the PWM modulating frequency is 1KHz; The duty cycle adjustment scope is 10%-90%, and corresponding rotating speed of motor is 900-22000RPM, and it is constant that duty ratio remains on 900RPM at 10% following motor speed, and duty ratio is locked in 22000RPM greater than 90% o'clock motor speed.It is linear substantially that rotational speed regulation changes.
Described controller is by as the lower part: rectification circuit; single-phase rectification bridge or three-phase commutation bridge 16; filter circuit 17; buffer circuit circuit 18; drive and power conversion circuit 19; position detecting circuit 21; sampling and protective circuit 22; total digitalization MCU control circuit 23; input/output interface circuit 24; host computer 25 rectification circuits are formed; single-phase rectification bridge or three-phase commutation bridge 16; filter circuit 17; buffer circuit circuit 18; driving and power conversion circuit 19 are connected in series successively; the input of position detecting circuit 21 connects transducer; transducer is positioned near 20 in the rare-earth permanent magnet brushless motor; the output of position detecting circuit 21 is connected to totally digitilized MCU control circuit 23; total digitalization MCU control circuit 23 and sampling and protective circuit 22; drive and power conversion circuit 19; input/output interface circuit 24 two-way connections, host computer 25 is connected to input/output interface circuit 24.