CN201332325Y - Energy-saving negative pressure generating device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides an energy-conserving negative pressure produces device, produce device two parts including motor and negative pressure, the pivot of motor and the pivot that the negative pressure produced the device are connected, and motor and negative pressure produce the device and are in butt joint the position mutually to constitute energy-conserving negative pressure and produce integrative device, the motor drives the negative pressure and produces the device rotation. The motor is a rare earth permanent magnet brushless motor covered by a shell, and the negative pressure generating device is a fan.

Description

An energy-saving negative pressure generating device

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of energy saving, in particular to an energy-saving negative pressure generating device.

Background technique

The negative pressure generating device usually requires a motor to drive the negative pressure generating mechanical device at a high speed, usually at a speed above 20,000 rpm. The driving motors of traditional negative pressure devices are mostly series-excited motors. Because the series-excited motors have carbon brushes, the carbon brushes have mechanical wear and spark ablation problems during high-speed operation. Carbon brushes and motors have short life and dust, which is harmful to electronic equipment. There is electromagnetic interference, mechanical friction consumes power, the efficiency is not high, and the volume is large. At the same time, there are windings on the rotor. The unevenness of the windings leads to a large amount of rotor imbalance, difficult rotor balance, large motor vibration and high noise.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art and provide a negative pressure generating device which adopts electronic commutation, runs smoothly, has a wide range of stepless speed regulation, high efficiency, energy saving, no electromagnetic interference, low noise and long life.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides a negative pressure generating device including a high-performance rare earth permanent magnet motor body, a motor controller, and a mechanical device for generating negative pressure - a fan.

The motor controller receives the signal from the sensor and generates a switch signal to drive the main switch circuit after calculation, feeds power to the corresponding stator winding, and generates a rotating magnetic field to drive the motor rotor. The impeller of the fan is assembled on the motor shaft and driven to a high speed of 22,000 rpm to generate negative pressure at the central opening of the fan cover.

An energy-saving negative pressure generating device, comprising two parts, a motor and a negative pressure generating device, the rotating shaft of the motor is connected to the rotating shaft of the negative pressure generating device, the motor and the negative pressure generating device are in a docking position, and form an energy-saving negative pressure generating body device, and the motor drives the negative pressure generating device to rotate.

The motor is a rare earth permanent magnet brushless motor covered by a shell, and the negative pressure generating device is a fan.

The motor includes: a rotor group, a rotating shaft, a bearing, a stator group, a motor front cover, a motor rear cover, a sensor magnetic ring, a sensor, a sensor cover, and mounting bolt components. The above components are assembled and installed in the motor.

The rotor group The rotor group includes rotor punches, magnetic steel, and rotor collars, the stator group includes stator punches, windings, slot insulation, high-performance rare earth magnets are attached to the outside of the rotor laminations, and the inner arc of the magnets is close to the rotor punch The outer arc of the plate is put on the rotor collar to prevent the magnet from flying off during high-speed operation. The rare earth magnet has the characteristics of high remanence, high coercive force and high magnetic energy product, which makes the motor high in efficiency, high in power density and small in size. The resulting rotor pack is pressed tightly onto the shaft. After the stator punches are superimposed, they are fixed together by welding, then add slot insulation, and then wind the windings. After the windings are connected, they are led out of the motor by lead wires. Finally, the whole is pressed into the aluminum alloy shell.

The shell is an aluminum alloy shell with high thermal conductivity, and the surface is provided with heat dissipation ribs, and the surface is black at the same time, which has a good heat dissipation capacity, which can increase the power density of the motor. The motor housing is made of aluminum alloy with high thermal conductivity, and the surface has heat dissipation ribs, and the color is black, which is conducive to radiation and convection heat dissipation. The motor casing is in close contact with the outer circle of the stator, which is good for heat transfer.

The bearings are installed in the bearing chambers of the front cover and the back cover of the motor, assembled together with the rotor and the stator, and fastened with assembly bolts.

A sensor magnetic ring is installed on the motor shaft, and then a sensor-Hall element is installed and fixed with bolts. The sensor magnetic ring and the sensor are covered with a sensor cover and fixed with bolts. The signal of the Hall element is transmitted to the external controller by the lead wire, and the control signal is generated to control the main switching element, and the current is applied to the corresponding stator winding to generate a rotating magnetic field to drive the motor rotor to rotate. The sensor magnetic ring is installed on the motor shaft. The number of poles of the magnetic ring is equal to the number of poles of the rotor. It is used to generate a magnetic field that rotates synchronously with the motor rotor. This magnetic field is detected by the sensor and generates a rotor position signal.

The installation angle of the sensor conforms to the formula Pa=K*360deg+/-120deg, P is the number of pole pairs of the motor, a is the installation angle of the Hall element, and K is a natural number.

The negative pressure generating device includes: a tray, an air deflector, two front and rear impellers, a wind shield, and a wind shield cover. Combined, the impeller is mounted on the motor shaft. After the above devices are assembled, they are installed in the negative pressure generating device. The impeller is mounted on the motor shaft. When the motor drives the fan blades to run at high speed, the air is accelerated and rotates in the windshield, negative pressure is generated in the center due to centrifugal action, and positive pressure is generated at the circumference, and the rotating air with positive pressure is guided to the direction of the motor by the wind deflector , and the central negative pressure is communicated with the outside world through the opening of the windshield, so the airflow enters from the opening of the windshield and flows out from the direction of the motor.

The negative pressure generating mechanism adopts two impellers, which are arranged in series on the motor shaft, and the generated negative pressure is superimposed, which is beneficial to increase the value of the negative pressure.

The controller consists of the following parts: rectification circuit, single-phase rectification bridge or three-phase rectification bridge, filter circuit, buffer circuit circuit, drive and power conversion circuit, position detection circuit, sampling and protection circuit, full digital MCU control circuit, input Composed of output interface circuit and upper computer rectifier circuit, single-phase rectifier bridge or three-phase rectifier bridge, filter circuit, buffer circuit circuit, drive and power conversion circuit are connected in series in sequence, the input of the position detection circuit is connected to the sensor, and the sensor is located in the rare earth permanent magnet Near the brush motor shaft, the output of the position detection circuit is connected to the full digital MCU control circuit, the full digital MCU control circuit is bidirectionally connected with the sampling and protection circuit, the drive and power conversion circuit, and the input and output interface circuit, and the host computer is connected to the input and output interface circuit .

The use of advanced intelligent power modules (IPM) integrated with optimized circuit protection functions and drivers matching low-loss IGBTs makes the controller compact, reduces space, and greatly improves the reliability of the controller.

The controller integrates over-temperature monitoring and integrated undervoltage lock-out protection to further enhance system reliability.

A high-speed built-in high voltage IC (HVIC) provides IGBT gate drive capability without an optocoupler, further reducing the overall size of the controller system design. In addition, incorporating an HVIC makes it easier to use a single-supply drive topology that can be driven with only one drive supply voltage without negative bias.

The beneficial effect of the utility model is that the motor adopts high-performance rare-earth magnets and adopts the brushless motor mode, so that the volume of the motor is greatly reduced, the power density is high, the motor efficiency is high, the service life is long, the noise is low, and there is no electromagnetic interference. It is easy to control and adjust, and the controller has high-efficiency over-current and over-temperature protection circuits, which makes the whole system highly reliable.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 outline drawing of the negative pressure generating device of the present utility model.

Fig. 2 is the outline drawing of the driving motor of the negative pressure generating device of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the driving motor of the negative pressure generating device of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is an exploded view of the driving motor structure of the negative pressure generating device of the present utility model.

Fig. 5 is an explosion diagram of the negative pressure generating device of the present utility model.

Fig. 6 is a structural block diagram of the brushless motor controller of the negative pressure generating device of the present utility model.

Detailed ways

Referring to Fig. 1, the energy-saving negative pressure generating device of the present utility model includes two parts of a motor and a negative pressure generating device, the motor is a rare earth permanent magnet brushless motor covered by a casing, and is a driving force, and the negative pressure generating device is a fan. The rotating shaft of the motor is connected with the rotating shaft of the negative pressure generating device, and the motor and the negative pressure generating device are in a docking position to form an energy-saving negative pressure generating integrated device, and the motor drives the negative pressure generating device to rotate.

Referring to Fig. 2 is the external view of the driving motor, Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the motor, and Fig. 4 is an exploded view of the motor structure. The main components of the motor include: rotor group 1, rotating shaft 2, bearing 3, stator group 4, motor front cover 5, motor rear cover 6, sensor magnetic ring 7, sensor 8, sensor cover 9, mounting bolts 10 and other components. The above components are assembled and installed in the motor. Among them, the rotor group includes rotor punches, magnetic steel, and rotor collars, and the stator group includes stator punches, windings, and slot insulation.

The high-performance rare-earth magnets are attached to the outside of the rotor laminations, the inner arc of the magnets is close to the outer arc of the rotor punching, and the rotor collar is put on to prevent the magnets from flying off during high-speed operation. The number of magnets is an even number, which is the number of pole pairs. 2 times, the rare earth magnet has the characteristics of high remanence, high coercive force and high magnetic energy product, which makes the motor high efficiency, high power density and small size. The resulting rotor pack is pressed tightly onto the shaft.

After the stator punches are superimposed, they are fixed together by welding, and then the slot insulation is added, and then the winding is wound. Finally, the whole is pressed into the aluminum alloy shell. The aluminum alloy casing has high thermal conductivity, and the surface is provided with heat dissipation ribs. At the same time, the surface is black, which has good heat dissipation capacity, which can provide the power density of the motor.

The motor bearings are installed in the bearing chambers of the motor front cover and rear cover, and assembled together with the rotor and stator. Fasten with mounting bolts.

The sensor magnetic ring is installed on the motor shaft, and then the sensor-Hall element is installed and fixed with bolts. The sensor magnetic ring and the sensor are covered with a sensor cover and fixed with bolts. The installation angle of the motor sensor conforms to the formula Pa=K*360deg+/-120deg, P is the number of pole pairs of the motor, a is the installation angle of the Hall element, and K is a natural number. The signal of the Hall element is transmitted to the external controller by the lead wire, and the control signal is generated to control the main switching element, and the current is applied to the corresponding stator winding to generate a rotating magnetic field to drive the motor rotor to rotate.

Referring to Fig. 5, the structural exploded view of the negative pressure generating device, the main components are: tray 11, wind deflector 12, two front and rear impellers 13, wind cover 14, wind cover 15, the motor is installed on the tray 11, the tray 11, Wind deflector 12, front and back two impellers 13, wind cover 14, wind cover cover 15 are combined together, and impeller 13 is installed on the motor shaft. After the above devices are assembled, they are installed in the negative pressure generating device. When the motor drives the fan blades to run at high speed, the air is accelerated and rotates in the fan cover, and negative pressure is generated in the center due to centrifugal action, and positive pressure is generated at the outer circumference, and the rotating air with positive pressure is guided to the motor by the wind deflector Direction, while the central negative pressure is communicated with the outside world through the opening of the windshield, so the airflow enters from the opening of the windshield and flows out from the direction of the motor.

Referring to Fig. 6, the structural block diagram of the brushless motor controller, the main components are: 16. Rectification circuit: single-phase rectification bridge or three-phase rectification bridge. 17. Filter circuit. 18. Buffer circuit circuit. 19. Drive and power conversion circuit: The introduction of high-performance, compact advanced intelligent power module (IPM) makes the brushless fan controller compact in structure, reduces space, and greatly improves the reliability of the controller. The intelligent power module integrates optimized circuit protection functions and matched drivers for low-loss IGBTs. Using advanced current-sensing IGBT chips, the IGBT current is continuously monitored for efficient short-circuit current detection/protection. System reliability is further enhanced with built-in over-temperature monitoring and integrated undervoltage lock-out protection. A high-speed built-in high voltage IC (HVIC) provides IGBT gate drive capability without an optocoupler, further reducing the overall size of the controller system design. In addition, incorporating an HVIC makes it easier to use a single-supply drive topology that can be driven with only one drive supply voltage without negative bias. 20. Rare earth permanent magnet brushless motor. 21. Position detection circuit. 22. Sampling and protection circuit. 23. Fully digital MCU control circuit. 24. Input and output interface circuit. 25. Host computer, the controller sends corresponding signals from the host computer to control the start/stop and speed of the motor. After the upper computer sends the enabling signal, the MCU as the lower computer starts to receive the PWM speed control signal sent by the upper computer. The two parties stipulate as follows: the PWM modulation frequency is 1KHz; The speed is 900-22000RPM, the motor speed remains unchanged at 900RPM when the duty cycle is below 10%, and the motor speed is locked at 22000RPM when the duty cycle is greater than 90%. The speed adjustment change is basically linear.

The controller is composed of the following parts: rectification circuit, single-phase rectification bridge or three-phase rectification bridge 16, filter circuit 17, buffer circuit circuit 18, drive and power conversion circuit 19, position detection circuit 21, sampling and protection circuit 22, all Digital MCU control circuit 23, input and output interface circuit 24, upper computer 25 rectification circuit, single-phase rectification bridge or three-phase rectification bridge 16, filter circuit 17, buffer circuit 18, drive and power conversion circuit 19 are connected in series in sequence, the position The input of the detection circuit 21 is connected to the sensor, and the sensor is located near the 20 shafts of the rare earth permanent magnet brushless motor. The power conversion circuit 19 and the input-output interface circuit 24 are bidirectionally connected, and the host computer 25 is connected to the input-output interface circuit 24 .

Claims (10)

1. An energy-saving negative pressure generating device, comprising two parts, a motor and a negative pressure generating device, characterized in that the rotating shaft of the motor is connected to the rotating shaft of the negative pressure generating device, and the motor and the negative pressure generating device are in a docking position, and are composed of An energy-saving negative pressure generating integrated device, and the motor drives the negative pressure generating device to rotate. 2. The energy-saving negative pressure generating device according to claim 1, wherein the motor is a rare earth permanent magnet brushless motor covered by a casing, and the negative pressure generating device is a fan. 3. The energy-saving negative pressure generating device according to claim 2, characterized in that, the motor comprises: rotor group (1), motor shaft (2), bearing (3), stator group (4), motor front Cover (5), motor back cover (6), sensor magnetic ring (7), sensor (8), sensor cover (9), mounting bolts (10) components, the above-mentioned components are assembled and installed in the motor. 4. The energy-saving negative pressure generating device according to claim 3, characterized in that, the rotor group (1) includes rotor punches, magnetic steel, and rotor collars, and the stator group (4) includes stator punches , winding, slot insulation, high-performance rare-earth magnets are attached to the outside of the rotor laminations, the inner arc of the magnet sheet is close to the outer arc of the rotor punching sheet, and the formed rotor group is tightly pressed into the shaft. 5. The energy-saving negative pressure generating device according to claim 2, characterized in that the shell is an aluminum alloy shell with high thermal conductivity, and the surface is provided with cooling ribs, and the surface is black, and the motor shell and the outer circle of the stator are closely connected. touch. 6. The energy-saving negative pressure generating device according to claim 3, characterized in that the bearing (3) is installed in the bearing chamber of the motor front cover (5) and rear cover (6), together with the rotor and the stator Assemble together and fasten with assembly bolts. 7. The energy-saving negative pressure generating device according to claim 3, characterized in that, the sensor magnetic ring (7) is installed on the motor shaft (2), and then the sensor-Hall element is installed, fixed with bolts, and the sensor magnetic The ring (7) and the sensor are covered with the sensor cover (9) and fixed with bolts. The signal of the Hall element is transmitted to the external controller by the lead wire, and the control signal is generated to control the main switching element, and the current is applied to the corresponding stator. In the winding, the sensor magnetic ring (7) is installed on the motor shaft (2). The number of poles of the magnetic ring is equal to the number of poles of the rotor to generate a magnetic field that rotates synchronously with the motor rotor. This magnetic field is detected by the sensor and generates a rotor position signal. 8. The energy-saving negative pressure generating device according to claim 7, characterized in that the installation angle of the sensor complies with the formula Pa=K*360deg+/-120deg, P is the number of pole pairs of the motor, a is the installation of the Hall element Angle, K is a natural number. 9. The energy-saving negative pressure generating device according to claim 1, characterized in that the negative pressure generating device comprises: a motor tray (11), a wind deflector (12), an impeller (13), a wind cover ( 14) The wind cover (15) motor is installed on the tray (11), the motor tray (11) and the wind deflector (12), the wind cover (14), and the wind cover (15) are combined together. After the above devices are assembled Installed in the negative pressure generating device, it adopts two front and rear impellers, which are arranged in series on the motor shaft. 10. The energy-saving negative pressure generator according to claim 1, characterized in that the controller consists of the following parts: a rectifier circuit, a single-phase rectifier bridge or a three-phase rectifier bridge (16), a filter circuit (17), Buffer circuit (18), drive and power conversion circuit (19), position detection circuit (21), sampling and protection circuit (22), full digital MCU control circuit (23), input and output interface circuit (24), host computer (25) The rectification circuit is composed of a single-phase rectification bridge or a three-phase rectification bridge (16), a filter circuit (17), a buffer circuit circuit (18), a driving and power conversion circuit (19) connected in series in sequence, and a position detection circuit (21 ) input connection sensor, the sensor is located near the shaft of the rare earth permanent magnet brushless motor (20), the output of the position detection circuit (21) is connected to the full digital MCU control circuit (23), the full digital MCU control circuit (23) is connected with the sampling and The protection circuit (22), the drive and power conversion circuit (19), and the input/output interface circuit (24) are bidirectionally connected, and the upper computer (25) is connected to the input/output interface circuit (24).

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