CN207249981U - A kind of experiment simulator of quantitative study karst collapse - Google Patents
A kind of experiment simulator of quantitative study karst collapse Download PDFInfo
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- CN207249981U CN207249981U CN201720882166.XU CN201720882166U CN207249981U CN 207249981 U CN207249981 U CN 207249981U CN 201720882166 U CN201720882166 U CN 201720882166U CN 207249981 U CN207249981 U CN 207249981U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a kind of experiment simulator of quantitative study karst collapse, and described device includes die body, water supplying unit, constant pressure sand collector unit, seepage field monitoring unit and land subsidence monitoring unit.The die body is karst overburden and karst basement rock analog machine, including coating cavity and layer cavity lower part and the karst strata cavity connected are positioned over, the water supplying unit includes the coating water supplying unit connected with coating cavity and the karst water supplying unit of karst strata cavity connection；The constant pressure sand collector unit is used in the case of karst collapse overall process, maintenance karst constant level, and karst collapse sandy soil amount, qualitative assessment collapse evolutionary process at different moments for collection.The utility model collapses hourglass amount dynamic change, quantitative study karst collapse process by monitoring coating seepage field and coating.
Description
Technical field
Geological Hazard analogue technique field is the utility model is related to, is specifically a kind of examination of quantitative study karst collapse
Test simulator.
Background technology
Karst collapse is one of six big geological disaster of China, and heavy losses are caused to the life and property of our people.Rock
It is molten collapse refer to it is latent under the cover can there are karst cavity, under nature or human factor effect, coating in lava
Material enters karst cavity along Karst corridor, causes the covering soil body to be missed, causes ground the natural phenomena collapsed occur.Mesh
The preceding research to karst collapse be nearly all by karst collapse it is final in the form of be unfolded for research object, using qualitative research as
It is main, it is difficult to understand karst collapse process, result in not comprehensive enough with deeply, not formed and uniformly being recognized to the understanding for collapsing Forming Mechanism
Know.
It reproduce the process of karst collapse using karst physical experiments, lift the reason for the essence that develops to karst collapse
Solution, but the emphasis of current model investigation is still to disclose to collapse influence factor or the serious correctness for collapsing theory, mesh
It is preceding to utilize physical model test karst collapse process, mainly consider karst opening with groundwater dynamics condition to collapsing hair
The influence of process is educated, karst collapse leakage sand can not be carried out under conditions of keeping karst cell pressure to stablize and is determined
When gather, lack the method and technology of quantitative study karst collapse process, in particular how obtain in collapse process karst and cover
Layer collapses degree.
Utility model content
For deficiencies of the prior art, the utility model patent provides a kind of quantitative study karst collapse
Experiment simulator, it can collapse hourglass amount dynamic change, quantitative study karst by monitoring coating seepage field and coating
Collapse process.
A kind of experiment simulator of quantitative study karst collapse, including die body, water supplying unit, constant pressure sand are collected
Unit, seepage field monitoring unit and land subsidence monitoring unit.
Cavity body structure is made by clear perspex material in the die body, including coating cavity and is positioned over layer
Cavity lower part and the karst strata cavity of connection, fill thin silt, the karst strata cavity in the coating cavity
Middle filled opening cement block.
The water supplying unit is connected including the coating water supplying unit connected with coating cavity and karst strata cavity
Karst water supplying unit.
The constant pressure sand collector unit is made of clear perspex material, including constant pressure sampling cavity, takes positioned at constant pressure
Silt collecting chamber, the exhaust unit of sample chamber lower part, the karst strata cavity are connected by the first connecting pipe and constant pressure sampling cavity
Connecing, the first connecting pipe is equipped with the first control valve, and constant pressure sampling cavity is connected by the second connecting pipe with silt collecting chamber, the
Two connecting pipes are equipped with the second control valve, and the second connecting pipe is connected by exhaust unit and air, and constant pressure sampling cavity passes through
3rd connecting pipe is connected with karst water supplying unit, and the 3rd connecting pipe is equipped with third control valve, and silt collecting chamber passes through
Four connecting pipes are connected with karst water supplying unit, and the 4th connecting pipe is equipped with the 4th control valve；The lower tube of silt collecting chamber
Road is equipped with silt collecting chamber control valve.
The seepage field monitoring unit includes the soil water level pressure sensor and soil water level pressure arranged on coating cavity
Force snesor connects pressure value Acquisition Instrument.
The land subsidence monitoring unit is camera unit, for shooting die body surface and die body side, entirely
Journey observes karst collapse generating process.
Further, the both sides of the coating cavity are equipped with coating supply flume, are supplied water by pipeline and coating single
Member connection, supply flume is connected by porous permeable plate and coating cavity, to provide stable head.
Further, the constant pressure sampling cavity, the silt collecting chamber are two infundibulate collection chambers.
Further, the exhaust unit includes foamed filter body and exhaust manifolds, and one end of the exhaust manifolds is stretched into
In second connecting pipe, foamed filter body is filled with end portion, the other end stretches out the second connecting pipe and connected with air, institute
State exhaust manifolds and be equipped with control valve.
Further, the 3rd connecting pipe and the 4th connecting pipe are connected with constant pressure sampling cavity and silt collecting chamber respectively,
Its end portion is equipped with silt filter element, and the effect of silt filter element is filtering silt, prevents exhaust unit, the 3rd connection
Pipeline and the siltation of the 4th connecting pipe.
Further, the silt filter element is foamed filter body.
The utility model simulates karst overburden and karst by the coating cavity and karst strata cavity of die body
Basement rock, by adjusting the two water supplying unit water level conditions connected with coating cavity and karst strata cavity, can simulate difference
Karst collapse process under the conditions of groundwater dynamics, underground water is constant in maintenance coating cavity at the trial, is supplied by karst
Water unit gradually reduces karst strata cavity water level, by the cooperation of pipeline and control valve, exhaust unit, ensures collecting mud
During sand-like, the water level in karst remains unchanged, and realizes continuous sampling, so combines karst collapse amount dynamic, covering
Layer seepage field dynamic and cover surface surface collapse dynamic etc. data, can comprehensive and quantitative research karst collapse process, for into
One step research karst collapse mechanism provides technical method, has important theory and realistic meaning.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the one of embodiment of experiment simulator of the utility model quantitative study karst collapse
Figure；
Fig. 2 is the enlarged diagram of part A in Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is the enlarged diagram of part B in Fig. 1；
Fig. 4 is the enlarged diagram of C portion in Fig. 1.
In figure：1-coating cavity, 2-coating supply flume, 3-coating water supplying unit, 4-Karst corridor, 5-
Soil water level pressure sensor, 6-karst strata cavity, 7-firmware, 8-constant pressure sampling cavity, 9-exhaust unit, 10-silt
Collecting chamber, 11-camera unit, 12-karst water supplying unit, the 13-the first control valve, 14-silt filter element, 15-the second
Control valve, 16-communicating pipe, 17-third control valve, the 18-the four control valve, 19-silt collecting chamber control valve, 20-screw thread
Steel nail, 21-foamed filter body, 22-exhaust manifolds.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the attached drawing in the utility model, the technical solution in the utility model is carried out clearly and completely
Description.
Fig. 1 show the structure of the one of embodiment of experiment simulator of the utility model quantitative study karst collapse
Schematic diagram, the experiment simulator of the quantitative study karst collapse include die body, water supplying unit, constant pressure sand and collect list
Member, seepage field monitoring unit and land subsidence monitoring unit.
The die body is karst overburden and karst basement rock analog machine, and cavity is made by clear perspex material
Structure, including coating cavity 1 and the karst strata cavity 6 for being positioned over 1 lower part of layer cavity and connection, the die body can
For rectangular parallelepiped structure, thickness 12mm, a length of 1000mm, wide 1000mm, high 500mm.It is thin that powder is filled in the coating cavity 1
Flooding in Borehole, filled opening cement block in the karst strata cavity 6.
The Karst corridor 4 connected with coating cavity 1 is equipped with please also refer to such as Fig. 2, in the karst strata cavity 6,
The entrance that Karst corridor 4 connects with coating cavity 1 is karst mouth.First connecting pipe passes through firmware 7 and karst strata cavity 6
Fixed, firmware 7 can be fixed on 6 bottom of karst strata cavity by thread steel nail 20, and the firmware 7 can be ring flange.
The water supplying unit includes coating water supplying unit 3 and karst water supplying unit 12, and two water supplying units are separate, point
It is not connected with coating cavity 1 with karst strata cavity 6, to control Groundwater in coating cavity 1 and karst strata cavity 6
Position.By adjusting two water supplying unit water level conditions, the karst collapse process differently descended under hydrodynamic condition can be simulated.Supply water
Unit accurately controls SEA LEVEL VARIATION, control accuracy 1mm using principle of overflow.The both sides of coating cavity 1 are supplied equipped with coating
Sink 2, is connected by pipeline with coating water supplying unit 3；Karst strata cavity 6 passes through communicating pipe 16 and karst water supplying unit 12
Connection.Coating water supplying unit 3 and karst water supplying unit 12 are made of organic glass bucket, diameter 300mm, high 5000mm, thickness
20mm, controls the SEA LEVEL VARIATION of coating cavity 1 and karst strata cavity 6 respectively.
1 both sides of coating cavity are porous permeable plate, and supply flume 2 is connected by porous permeable plate and coating cavity 1
Logical, i.e., the water in supply flume 2 is entered in die body by the porous permeable plate.The bore dia 8 of porous permeable plate is mm, Kong Jian
Away from for 50mm, provided for die body and stablize head.
The constant pressure sand collector unit is used in the case of karst collapse overall process, maintenance karst constant level, adopt
Karst collapse sandy soil amount, qualitative assessment collapse evolutionary process to collection at different moments.The constant pressure sand collector unit is by transparent organic
Glass material is made, including constant pressure sampling cavity 8, the silt collecting chamber 10 positioned at 8 lower part of constant pressure sampling cavity, exhaust unit 9.It is described
Karst corridor 4 in karst strata cavity 6 is connected by the first connecting pipe with constant pressure sampling cavity 8, is set in the first connecting pipe
There is the first control valve 13.Constant pressure sampling cavity 8 is connected by the second connecting pipe with silt collecting chamber 10, is set in the second connecting pipe
There is the second control valve 15, second control valve 15 is that globe valve collapses the same of sand, it can be achieved that being gathered during karst collapse
When, karst chamber pressure can be maintained constant.The constant pressure sampling cavity 8, the silt collecting chamber 10 are two infundibulate collecting chambers
Body, is individually connected with water supplying unit (such as karst water supplying unit 12), specifically, constant pressure sampling cavity 8 connects by the 3rd
Adapter road is connected with karst water supplying unit 12, and the 3rd connecting pipe is equipped with third control valve 17, and silt collecting chamber 10 passes through
Four connecting pipes are connected with karst water supplying unit 12, and the 4th connecting pipe is equipped with the 4th control valve 18.Silt collecting chamber 10
Lower pipeline is equipped with silt collecting chamber control valve 19.
When sampling in silt collecting chamber 10 and (opening silt collecting chamber control valve 19), 10 internal pressure of silt collecting chamber at this time
Power reduces, but the pressure in constant pressure sampling cavity 8 can be maintained constant, i.e., supplied all the time with karst by closing the second control valve 15
Level pressure in water unit 12 is consistent.If the pressure in constant pressure sampling cavity 8 cannot remain constant, or be decreased obviously, meeting
Seriously cause karst collapse, can cause with actual conditions grave fault, to result of the test produce substantial deviation.I.e. constant pressure takes
The effect of sample chamber 8 is exactly to ensure during sampling, maintains pressure head in karst invariable.
The effect of silt collecting chamber 10 is collection sand.After sand has gathered, the 4th control valve 18 is opened, is received to silt
Collect chamber 10 in water filling, gradually recover the pressure in the cavity, after pressure recovery arrive with karst water supplying unit 12 it is identical after, constant pressure takes
Pressure in sample chamber 8 and silt collecting chamber 10 is just the same, opens the second control valve 15, will not thus cause in karst
Pressure change.
Please also refer to such as Fig. 3, exhaust unit 9 is equipped with the second connecting pipe, the exhaust unit 9 includes foamed filter
Body 21 and exhaust manifolds 22, one end of the exhaust manifolds 22 are stretched into the second connecting pipe, and foam is filled with end portion
Filtering body 21, the other end stretch out the second connecting pipe and are connected with air, and the exhaust manifolds 22 are equipped with control valve.Exhaust unit
9 effect is after the silt mixture during silt collecting chamber 9 discharges cavity, when water-filling recovers wherein pressure, by being vented list
Member 9 all discharges the air in cavity, in case gas overflowing impacts collapse process.
Please also refer to such as Fig. 3, the 3rd connecting pipe and the 4th connecting pipe are collected with constant pressure sampling cavity 8 and silt respectively
The end portion that chamber 10 connects is equipped with silt filter element 14, and the silt filter element 14 is made of foamed filter body 21, its
Effect is filtering silt, prevents the exhaust manifolds 22 and karst water supplying unit 12 and constant pressure sampling cavity 8 and silt of exhaust unit 9
Connecting pipe (the 3rd connecting pipe and the 4th connecting pipe) siltation of collecting chamber 10, influences pressure conduction.
The seepage field monitoring unit includes the soil water level pressure sensor 5 and soil water level arranged on coating cavity 1
Pressure sensor 5 connects pressure value Acquisition Instrument, and the soil water level pressure sensor 5 is made of multi-hole copper tube, outside copper pipe
Go out two layers of 80 mesh nylon grids of parcel, sensor is connected with pressure value Acquisition Instrument with pneumatic tube, dynamic monitoring coating
Lower water seepage field change.In view of sensor dimension and influence of the quantity to physical model, then soil water level pressure sensor 5 is set
It is diameter 20mm, length 100mm to put size.In 1 plane of coating cavity centered on karst mouth, along transverse and longitudinal direction respectively away from
A soil water level pressure sensor 5, buried depth depth distance bedrock surface 5cm are laid from the center 100mm, 100mm and 150mm；
On karst mouth vertical section, every one soil water level pressure sensor 5 of 100mm buried depths, pressure value Acquisition Instrument precision is 1mm.
The land subsidence monitoring unit is camera unit 11, and camera unit 11 is fixed on tripod, for shooting mould
Type body surfaces and die body side, whole process observation karst collapse generating process.
The operation principle of the utility model：When karst strata cavity 6 and 1 level of ground water of coating cavity are adjusted to design water
Behind position, underground water is constant in maintenance coating cavity 1, and 6 water level of karst strata cavity is gradually reduced by karst water supplying unit 12,
Study karst collapse growth course.Pass through seepage field monitoring unit, land subsidence monitoring unit and constant pressure sand collector unit
Transparent sight hole when judging karst collapse development, different at the time of collection collapse quantity of sand and mud.
Before gathering silt sample, silt collecting chamber control valve 19, exhaust unit 9 are closed, opens the first control valve 13, second
Control valve 15,17 and the 4th control valve 18 of third control valve, the at this time water level in coating cavity 1 and coating water supplying unit 3
In water level it is identical, air pressure in karst strata cavity 6, constant pressure sampling cavity 8, exhaust unit 9 with karst water supplying unit 12
Hydraulic pressure is identical；
After collapsing generation, silt enters silt collecting chamber 10 by constant pressure sampling cavity 8 and deposits, when proceeding by collection mud
During sand-like, maintain the water level in coating water supplying unit 3 constant, adjust 12 water level of karst water supplying unit to keep in karst
Water level it is constant, close the second control valve 15 and the 4th control valve 18, open exhaust unit 9 and silt collecting chamber control valve 19,
Silt water is all collected within the very short time (30s).
After sample has been collected, silt collecting chamber control valve 19 is closed, opens the 4th control valve 18, allows karst water supplying unit
(30s) enters silt collecting chamber 10 to water in 12 in a short period of time, completes moisturizing and exhaust.Treat that silt collecting chamber 10 is complete
After being filled with water, the second control valve 15 is opened, carries out the collection of next round karst collapse silt.It is real by constant pressure sand collector unit
Show karst collapse amount collection at different moments, can karst collapse degree in quantitative assessment collapse process.
By seepage field monitoring unit 5 in coating, can seepage field changes in coating in dynamic monitoring collapse process, can
The critical hydraulic of quantitative judge karst triggering is of great significance karst collapse mechanism with study on prevention than drop, the parameter.
The utility model is constant by fixed karst overburden level of ground water, rises or reduces karst water level, triggering
Karst collapse occurs, and by the cooperation of pipeline and control valve, exhaust unit, ensures during silt sample is collected, karst pipe
Water level in road remains unchanged, and the dynamic that coating seepage flow is monitored by the groundwater monitoring unit being embedded in coating becomes
Change, to quantitatively determine the critical hydraulic of karst collapse generation than drop, by constant pressure sand collector unit, rock at different moments can be gathered
It is molten to collapse wastage, quantitative karst collapse degree.
The above, is only specific embodiment of the present utility model, but the scope of protection of the utility model is not limited to
It is any to belong to those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the utility model discloses in this, the change that can be readily occurred in
Change or replace, should be covered within the scope of the utility model.
Claims (6)
- A kind of 1. experiment simulator of quantitative study karst collapse, it is characterised in that：Including die body, water supplying unit, perseverance Sand collector unit, seepage field monitoring unit and land subsidence monitoring unit are pressed,Cavity body structure is made by clear perspex material in the die body, including coating cavity (1) and is positioned over layer Cavity (1) lower part and the karst strata cavity (6) of connection, the middle filling thin silt of the coating cavity (1), the karst Filled opening cement block in stratum cavity (6)；The water supplying unit includes the coating water supplying unit (3) connected with coating cavity (1) and karst strata cavity (6) even Logical karst water supplying unit (12)；The constant pressure sand collector unit is made of clear perspex material, including constant pressure sampling cavity (8), positioned at constant pressure sample The silt collecting chamber (10), exhaust unit (9) of chamber (8) lower part, the karst strata cavity (6) pass through the first connecting pipe and perseverance Sampling cavity (8) connection is pressed, the first connecting pipe is equipped with the first control valve (13), and constant pressure sampling cavity (8) passes through the second connecting tube Road is connected with silt collecting chamber (10), and the second connecting pipe is equipped with the second control valve (15), and the second connecting pipe passes through exhaust Unit (9) is connected with air, and constant pressure sampling cavity (8) is connected by the 3rd connecting pipe with karst water supplying unit (12), and the 3rd connects Adapter road is equipped with third control valve (17), and silt collecting chamber (10) is connected by the 4th connecting pipe and karst water supplying unit (12) Logical, the 4th connecting pipe is equipped with the 4th control valve (18)；The lower pipeline of silt collecting chamber (10) is equipped with silt collecting chamber control Valve (19) processed；The seepage field monitoring unit includes the soil water level pressure sensor (5) and soil water level arranged on coating cavity (1) Pressure sensor (5) connects pressure value Acquisition Instrument；The land subsidence monitoring unit is camera unit (11), for shooting die body surface and die body side, entirely Journey observes karst collapse generating process.
- 2. the experiment simulator of quantitative study karst collapse as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The coating chamber The both sides of body (1) are equipped with coating supply flume (2), are connected by pipeline with coating water supplying unit (3), supply flume (2) passes through Porous permeable plate connects with coating cavity (1), to provide stable head.
- 3. the experiment simulator of quantitative study karst collapse as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The constant pressure sampling Chamber (8), the silt collecting chamber (10) are two infundibulate collection chambers.
- 4. the experiment simulator of quantitative study karst collapse as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The exhaust unit (9) foamed filter body (21) and exhaust manifolds (22) are included, one end of the exhaust manifolds (22) is stretched into the second connecting pipe, Foamed filter body (21) is filled with end portion, the other end stretches out the second connecting pipe and connected with air, the exhaust manifolds (22) it is equipped with control valve.
- 5. the experiment simulator of quantitative study karst collapse as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：3rd connecting pipe Connected respectively with constant pressure sampling cavity (8) and silt collecting chamber (10) with the 4th connecting pipe, its end portion is filtered equipped with silt Unit (14), the effect of silt filter element (14) is filtering silt, prevents exhaust unit (9), the 3rd connecting pipe and the 4th Connecting pipe is deposited.
- 6. the experiment simulator of quantitative study karst collapse as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that：The silt filtering Unit (14) is foamed filter body.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201720882166.XU CN207249981U (en) | 2017-07-20 | 2017-07-20 | A kind of experiment simulator of quantitative study karst collapse |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201720882166.XU CN207249981U (en) | 2017-07-20 | 2017-07-20 | A kind of experiment simulator of quantitative study karst collapse |
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| CN207249981U true CN207249981U (en) | 2018-04-17 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112329103A (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2021-02-05 | 西南交通大学 | Evaluation method for stratum disturbance caused by collapse of karst overlying sand layer |
-
2017
- 2017-07-20 CN CN201720882166.XU patent/CN207249981U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112329103A (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2021-02-05 | 西南交通大学 | Evaluation method for stratum disturbance caused by collapse of karst overlying sand layer |
| CN112329103B (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2022-11-01 | 西南交通大学 | Evaluation method for stratum disturbance caused by collapse of karst overlying sand layer |
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