CN207207315U - A kind of three-dimensional crimp core-skin composite fiber and nanofiber composite sound isolating material - Google Patents
A kind of three-dimensional crimp core-skin composite fiber and nanofiber composite sound isolating material Download PDFInfo
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- CN207207315U CN207207315U CN201720718255.0U CN201720718255U CN207207315U CN 207207315 U CN207207315 U CN 207207315U CN 201720718255 U CN201720718255 U CN 201720718255U CN 207207315 U CN207207315 U CN 207207315U
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Abstract
The utility model belongs to functional composite material technical field, discloses a kind of three-dimensional crimp core-skin composite fiber and nanofiber composite sound isolating material.The composite fibre functional layer and the surface layer protective layer of upper and lower surface that the composite sound isolating material is made up of three-dimensional crimp core-skin composite fiber layer and layers of nanofibers are formed.Composite sound isolating material obtained by the utility model has excellent sound-absorbing sound insulation value, and its absorption coefficient to 500Hz sound sources reaches more than 0.3, reaches more than 0.6 to the absorption coefficient of 1000Hz sound sources.The utility model uses three-dimensional crimp core-skin composite fiber, its high-voidage, and height curling and skin-core structure form substantially increase material sound-absorbing sound insulation value；Using layers of nanofibers fibre diameter is small, porosity is high and has great specific surface area, the application suitable for sound-absorbing acoustic material.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to functional composite material technical field, and in particular to a kind of three-dimensional crimp core-skin composite fiber and
Nanofiber composite sound isolating material.
Background technology
Noise pollution has turned into the present age global environmental problem, with atmosphere pollution, water pollution and noxious waste pollution
The world four is listed in together to pollute greatly.With economic and science and technology development, agricultural, industry increasingly tend to mechanization, traffic fortune
Defeated industry is also increasingly flourishing, but at the same time, noise pollution is also increasingly severe.People to the demand of sound-absorbing acoustic material increasingly
Greatly, the also more and more higher of the requirement to its performance, particularly constantly sends out in building and automotive field, the market of sound-absorbing acoustic material
Exhibition is grown.Auto sound product the main function of automotive field be sound insulation, it is vibration damping, warming.Main body used in acoustical insulation products is former
Expect for various natural fibers or synthetic fibers, to add part holt melt powder or meldable fibre is process.But this sound insulation
Felt sound-absorbing, soundproof effect are general.And application of the acoustic material in architectural engineering be mainly in sound panel, soundproof wall, sealing ring etc.,
The materials such as conventional expanded perlite, mineral fibres, foamed plastics.Traditional sound-absorbing acoustic material be mostly micron-sized meldable fibre,
Mineral fibres and foamed plastics etc., its hole is larger, is unfavorable for absorption of the sound-absorbing acoustic material to low frequency range noise, limits
Related acoustical insulation products are promoted the use of.
Electrostatic spinning is that a kind of simple, flexible preparation fibre diameter is tens to hundreds of nanometers of spinning process, its base
Present principles are：The polymer solution or melt of capillary outlet, and Free Surface liquid partial points in high-voltage electrostatic field
Under effect, taylor cone is deformed into, when electrostatic repulsion forces exceed the surface tension of drop, the top end of taylor cone will be formed
Thread, and further stretched in the motion of electric field, while as solvent volatilizees (or melt cooling), obtain Nanowire
Dimension.The nanofiber obtained by electrostatic spinning has minimum diameter, high porosity, great specific surface area and potential
The advantages that outstanding filter efficiency, these characteristics make nanofiber have important use in biological medicine, military project, filtering, noise reduction field
On the way.
3-D crimped fiber has permanent conjugate structure, the fiber accumulations body structure non-woven cloth material being made up of it
Material has fluffy and repeatable elastic 3D structures, and substitutes the new material of conventional polyurethane foams at present.
Before earliest composite fibre can trace back to more than 100 years, pair of German T Brunfaut glass fibre manufactures
Component glass fibre --- " angel's hair ", it is raw material using the different glass of two kinds of coefficients of expansion, after moment condensation shaping
Form nature curling.And then inspired according to distinctive orthocortex in easy care and inclined cortex, from eighties of last century the forties
Start, the mankind, which have started to prepare organically by composite spinning technology, has the parallel type two-component of permanent curl and elasticity fine
Dimension.Another kind can be formed permanent curl for core-sheath compound fibre, the fiber is generally referred to as single, sometimes also containing two
The composite fibre of the less core number such as core, three cores is included in this category.According further to distribution feelings of the core segment in composite fibre cross section
Condition, two kinds of concentric type and eccentric type can be further divided into.Such as using PET as core, the composite fibre using PA6 as cortex has moisture absorption
The characteristic that property is good, wearability is strong, dyeability is excellent and modulus is higher, anti-crease property is good.If eccentric core-sheath compound fibre,
After drawn, relaxation heat setting, because PET and PA6 shrinkage factor is different, fiber is permanent without adding bullet processing can to produce
The helix-coil of property.Different core-sheath ratios and eccentric structure are different, and the three-dimensional crimp structure of gained fiber also has difference
It is different.
Utility model content
In place of shortcoming and defect existing for above prior art, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of three-dimensional
Crimp core-skin composite fiber and nanofiber composite sound isolating material.
The utility model purpose is achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of three-dimensional crimp core-skin composite fiber and nanofiber composite sound isolating material, the composite sound isolating material is by three-dimensional
The composite fibre functional layer C and the surface layer protective layer of upper and lower surface that curling core-skin composite fiber layer A and layers of nanofibers B is formed
D is formed.
The grammes per square metre of the three-dimensional crimp core-skin composite fiber layer is 20~100g/m2, the grammes per square metre of layers of nanofibers is 0.5
~20g/m2, surface layer protective layer is that grammes per square metre is 10~80g/m2Spunbond, hot rolling or hot-wind nonwoven cloth.
Preferably, the composite sound isolating material is superimposed to obtain by the surface layer protective layer on multilayer composite fiber layer and surface；Institute
The grammes per square metre for stating composite sound isolating material is 100~500g/m2。
The coiled structure of core-skin composite fiber includes Z-type, spiral shape, wave in the three-dimensional crimp core-skin composite fiber layer
The coiled structures such as shape；A diameter of 1~50 μm of core-skin composite fiber.Arrangement mode of the core-skin composite fiber in fibrous layer is water
It is flat align, vertical orientation arrangement or any angle (α) between horizontal and vertical align.Fig. 1 is this practicality
The new Z-type, spiral shape, the structural representation of waveform coiled structure fiber；Fig. 2 is the core-skin composite fiber in fiber
The structural representation aligned at an angle in layer.
The fibre diameter of the layers of nanofibers is 10~1000nm, contains one-dimension oriented, two-dimensional orientation or non-oriented knot
Structure.
The three-dimensional crimp core-skin composite fiber is made up of cortex and sandwich layer, and cortex, core material can be that molecular weight is different
Same polymer, or be variety classes polymer, the polymer includes but is not limited to PLA (PLA), polycaprolactone
(PCL), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), poly butylene succinate (PBS), polyurethane (PU), makrolon (PC), poly-
Styrene (PS), polyester, copolyesters, copolyamide, polyamide, polyhydroxyalkanoate, polyolefin copolymers etc.；Sandwich layer
Can be liquid or gas, including but not limited to ionic liquid, liquid low-molecular-weight fat alkane, low-molecular-weight liquid PEG, silicone oil,
Water, oil, air, nitrogen, liquid essence, inert gas etc..
The nanofiber layer material include but is not limited to PLA (PLA), polycaprolactone (PCL), polyurethane (PU),
Polyester (PET), poly butylene succinate (PBS), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) (PTFE), makrolon (PC), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA),
Polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polymethacrylate (PMMA), polystyrene (PS), polyamide, copolyamide, polyolefin elastic
One or two kinds of mixed polymers such as body.
The surface layer protective layer material include but is not limited to polyester, polyolefin, nylon, PLA, polyolefin elastomer, altogether
The polymer such as polyester, copolyamide.
Above-mentioned three-dimensional crimp core-skin composite fiber and nanofiber composite sound isolating material can be prepared via a method which：
(1) preparation of three-dimensional crimp core-skin composite fiber layer：By twin-screw or single screw rod+plunger pumping unit by spunbond or
Non-woven structures are made in person's spunbond+spun lacing or needling process；Or long filament is first made by spinning technique, then it is short by cutting into
Fiber, fiber assembly structure is made by acupuncture, spun lacing or hot blast adhesion technique by combing, after networking；Or pass through spinning
Technique is first made after long filament by obtaining cloth-like structure through knitting device or knitting；Or long filament is first made by spinning technique, then
By cutting into chopped fiber, by combing, after Split Down resultant yarn, by obtaining cloth-like structure through knitting device or knitting；Then will
Said structure post-processing in the presence of heat, machinery or steam forms permanent 3D coiled structures, or fiber is direct in shaping
Obtain certain coiled structure.
(2) layers of nanofibers is prepared using electrostatic spinning process；
Preferably, the electrostatic spinning include syringe needle method electrostatic spinning, Free Surface electrostatic spinning, centrifugation electrostatic spinning or
It is meltblown electrostatic spinning.
Preferably, the nano-fiber material for electrostatic spinning can use solution or melt form, wherein solution
The effective concentration scope of middle nano-fiber material is 5%~50%.
(3) it is three-dimensional crimp core-skin composite fiber layer and layers of nanofibers is compound, then in surface recombination surface layer protective layer, obtain
To the three-dimensional crimp core-skin composite fiber and nanofiber composite sound isolating material.
Preferably, the layers of nanofibers can be with net of the three-dimensional crimp core-skin composite fiber layer in chopped fiber after combing
Layer progress is compound, can also form cloth-like in core-skin composite fiber or the progress of non-woven cloth state is compound.
Preferably, the composite fibre layer that the three-dimensional crimp core-skin composite fiber layer and layers of nanofibers are formed can be
Various forms of two layers and more than two layers of ABAB, AABB, AAAABB etc. are compound.
Composite sound isolating material of the present utility model has the following advantages that and beneficial effect：
(1) composite sound isolating material obtained by the utility model has excellent sound-absorbing sound insulation value, and it is to 500Hz sound sources
Absorption coefficient reaches more than 0.3, reaches more than 0.6 to the absorption coefficient of 1000Hz sound sources；
(2) composite sound isolating material obtained by the utility model uses three-dimensional crimp core-skin composite fiber, its high-voidage, height curling
And skin-core structure form substantially increases the effect such as stop of the material to sound wave, reflection, so as to improve its sound-absorbing sound insulation value；
(3) the utility model obtains micro/nano-fibre film, resulting nanofiber/beading function using electrostatic spinning
Layer fiber (beading) diameter is small, porosity is high and has great specific surface area, the application suitable for sound-absorbing acoustic material.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is Z-type described in the utility model, spiral shape, the structural representation of waveform coiled structure fiber；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation that the core-skin composite fiber arranges at an angle in fibrous layer；
Fig. 3 is the stepped construction schematic diagram of the gained complex sound insulation felt of the utility model embodiment 1；
Fig. 4 is the stepped construction schematic diagram of the gained complex sound insulation felt of the utility model embodiment 2；
In figure：A- three-dimensional crimp core-skin composite fiber layers, B- layers of nanofibers, C- composite fibre functional layers, D- surface layers are protected
Sheath.
Embodiment
The utility model is described in further detail with reference to embodiment and accompanying drawing, but implementation of the present utility model
Mode not limited to this.
Embodiment 1
In the present embodiment, the cortical material of core-skin composite fiber is PLA (PLA), and core material is polycaprolactone
(PCL), and it is eccentric structure.Three-dimensional crimp core-skin composite fiber under heat effect using different polymer shrink rates difference and
Z-type permanent curl is formed, fibre diameter is 2 μm, and fibre section is circle.Three-dimensional crimp core-skin composite fiber layer A is using double spiral shells
Bar technique is made, and non-woven cloth, surface density 30g/m are formed by spunbond2, thickness 3mm.Z-type crimped fibre in fibrous layer
Vertical orientation arranges.
Layers of nanofibers B is made using the shaping of syringe needle electrostatic spinning, using PLA as nanofiber into fine raw material.Poly- breast
Acid (PLA, Mw=3 × 105G/mol after) being dried in vacuo (60 DEG C, 12h), chloroform is used to be configured to 20% solution, magnetic for solvent
Power stirs 4h, standing and defoaming 2h.The PLA solution electrostatic spinning prepared is molded, spinning voltage 15kV, receiving distance is about
12cm, fltting speed 0.5ml/h, obtain polylactic acid nano fiber felt.Nanofiber diameter is 200-800nm, nanofiber
Layer grammes per square metre is 10.5g/m2。
Three-dimensional crimp core-skin composite fiber layer and layers of nanofibers are compounded to form to the composite fibre layer function of ABAB structures
C, in surface recombination polyethylene fabric hot rolled nonwoven fabrics as surface layer protective layer D, it is 300g/m to obtain grammes per square metre2Complex sound insulation felt.Institute
The stepped construction schematic diagram for obtaining complex sound insulation felt is as shown in Figure 3.
Complex sound insulation felt obtained by the present embodiment reaches more than 0.3 to the absorption coefficient of 500Hz sound sources, to 1000Hz sound sources
Absorption coefficient reach more than 0.6, sound absorption qualities are preferable.
Embodiment 2
In the present embodiment, three-dimensional crimp core-skin composite fiber cortical material is PLA (PLA), and core material is polyester
(PET).Three-dimensional crimp core-skin composite fiber is spirality crimping structure, and fibre diameter is 4 μm, and fibre section is circle.Using
Long filament is made in twin-screw technique, obtains permanent three-dimensional crimp by machine crimp and thermal finalization, cuts into chopped fiber, by comb
Reason, networking, fiber assembly structure is made by techniques such as hot blast adhesions, its surface density is 30g/m2, thickness 3mm.Fiber
The angle of 3-D crimped fiber and fibrous layer is 45 ° and aligned in layer.
Layers of nanofibers is made using the shaping of needle-less Free Surface line electrode electrostatic spinning, and Nanowire is used as using PLA
Tie up into fine raw material.PLA (PLA, Mw=3 × 105G/mol after) being dried in vacuo (60 DEG C, 12h), chloroform is used as solvent, is configured
Into 20% solution, magnetic agitation 4h, standing and defoaming 2h.The PLA solution electrostatic spinning prepared is molded, spinning voltage is
15kV, distance about 12cm is received, the rotating speed of line electrode is 15r/min, obtains layers of nanofibers.Nanofiber diameter is 200-
800nm, layers of nanofibers grammes per square metre are 10.2g/m2。
Three-dimensional crimp core-skin composite fiber layer and layers of nanofibers is compound, AABB structure composite fiber functional layer C are formed,
In the viscous non-woven fabrics that spins of surface recombination polyester as surface layer protective layer D, it is 350g/m to obtain grammes per square metre2Complex sound insulation felt.Gained is answered
The stepped construction schematic diagram for closing deadening felt is as shown in Figure 4.
Complex sound insulation felt obtained by the present embodiment reaches 0.31 to the absorption coefficient of 500Hz sound sources, the suction to 1000Hz sound sources
Receive coefficient and reach 0.62, sound absorption qualities are preferable.
Embodiment 3
In the present embodiment, three-dimensional crimp core-skin composite fiber cortical material is that nylon 6 (PA6) and nylon 6/66 are copolymerized
Nylon, and the cortex is the parallel construction of two kinds of polymer composition；Core material is ionic liquid.Three-dimensional crimp core-sheath is fine
It is 50 μm to tie up as spirality crimping structure, fibre diameter, and fibre section is circle.Three-dimensional crimp core-skin composite fiber passes through single spiral shell
Bar+plunger pump technique is first made after long filament by obtaining cloth-like structure, surface density 40g/m through knitting device2, thickness 3mm.It is fine
The angle of 3-D crimped fiber and fibrous layer is 60 ° and 0 ° arrangements in dimension layer.
Layers of nanofibers is made using centrifugation electrostatic spinning shaping, using polyhydroxyalkanoate as nanofiber into fine former
Material.Polyhydroxyalkanoate (intrinsic viscosity 0.7-0.9), after vacuum drying (60 DEG C, 12h), using THF:DMAc(9:1) it is mixed
Bonding solvent, it is configured to 20% solution, magnetic agitation 4h, standing and defoaming 1h.The polyhydroxyalkanoate solution electrostatic that will be prepared
Spinning moulding, spinning voltage 40kV, distance about 18cm is received, the rotating speed of centrifugal spinning centrifugal pan is 420r/min, is obtained
Layers of nanofibers.Nanofiber diameter is 100-500nm, and layers of nanofibers grammes per square metre is 9.8g/m2。
Three-dimensional crimp core-skin composite fiber layer and layers of nanofibers are compounded to form AAAABB structures, in surface recombination nylon
6 hot-wind nonwoven cloths, it is 400g/m to obtain grammes per square metre2Complex sound insulation felt.
Complex sound insulation felt obtained by the present embodiment reaches 0.35 to the absorption coefficient of 500Hz sound sources, the suction to 1000Hz sound sources
Receive coefficient and reach 0.60, sound absorption qualities are preferable.
Embodiment 4
In the present embodiment, three-dimensional crimp core-skin composite fiber cortical material is poly butylene succinate (PBS)；Core
Layer material is liquid low-molecular-weight fat alkane.Three-dimensional crimp core-skin composite fiber obtains permanent waveform using thermomechanical effect
Coiled structure, fibre diameter are 20 μm, and fibre section is circle.Three-dimensional crimp core-skin composite fiber passes through single screw rod+plunger pump
Long filament is first made in technique, and lapping obtains spun-bonded non-woven fabrics fluff structure, and its surface density is 30g/m2, thickness 3mm.In fibrous layer
3-D crimped fiber horizontal orientation arranges.
Layers of nanofibers is made using melt-blown electrostatic spinning shaping, using polycaprolactone as nanofiber into fine raw material.It is poly-
Caprolactone (PCL, Mw=8 × 104G/mol after) being dried in vacuo (60 DEG C, 12h), heating melting.PCL melts are subjected to melt-blown electrostatic
Spinning moulding, spinning voltage 15kV, distance about 12cm is received, melt-spraying spinning temperature is 160 DEG C, extrusion capacity 0.2g/
Min/ holes, obtain layers of nanofibers.Nanofiber diameter is 200-1000nm, and layers of nanofibers grammes per square metre is 10.7g/m2。
Three-dimensional crimp core-skin composite fiber layer and layers of nanofibers are compounded to form AABB structures, in surface recombination cellulose
Material, it is 315g/m to obtain grammes per square metre2Complex sound insulation felt.
Complex sound insulation felt obtained by the present embodiment reaches 0.38 to the absorption coefficient of 500Hz sound sources, the suction to 1000Hz sound sources
Receive coefficient and reach 0.66, sound absorption qualities are preferable.
Embodiment 5
In the present embodiment, three-dimensional crimp core-skin composite fiber cortical material is nylon 6 (PA6)；Core material is nitrogen.
Three-dimensional crimp core-skin composite fiber is waveform coiled structure, and fibre diameter is 3 μm, and fibre section is circular, its coiled structure
Pass through acquisition of thermomechanically shaping.Three-dimensional crimp core-skin composite fiber is made using twin-screw+plunger pump technique, is formed by spunbond
Non-woven cloth, surface density 30g/m2, thickness 3mm.The angle of 50% 3-D crimped fiber and fibrous layer is 60 ° in fibrous layer
Align, 50% is that horizontal orientation arranges.
Layers of nanofibers is made using the shaping of Free Surface roller electrode electrostatic spinning, using nylon 6 as nanofiber into fibre
Raw material.Nylon 6 (PA6, Mw=2 × 104G/mol after) being dried in vacuo (60 DEG C, 12h), using arboxylic acid (mass ratio=1:2)
Mixed solvent, it is configured to 20% solution, magnetic agitation 4h, standing and defoaming 2h.The PA6 solution electrostatic spinning prepared is molded,
Spinning voltage is 60kV, receives distance about 15cm, and roller velocity of rotation is 15r/min, and the temperature of external disturbance wind is 35 DEG C, phase
It is 55% to humidity, obtains electrostatic spinning nano fiber felt, grammes per square metre 9g/m2, PA6 nanofiber diameters are 100-500nm.
Three-dimensional crimp core-skin composite fiber layer and dried layers of nanofibers are compounded to form AABB structures, answered on surface
Polyester spunlace non-woven cloth is closed, it is 320g/m to obtain grammes per square metre2Complex sound insulation felt.
Complex sound insulation felt obtained by the present embodiment reaches 0.36 to the absorption coefficient of 500Hz sound sources, the suction to 1000Hz sound sources
Receive coefficient and reach 0.67, sound absorption qualities are preferable.
Embodiment 6
In the present embodiment, three-dimensional crimp core-skin composite fiber cortical material is makrolon (PC)；Core material is poly-
Urethane (PU), and be eccentric structure.Three-dimensional crimp core-skin composite fiber is obtained using the difference of core-skin fibre thermal contraction performance
Permanent spireme shape coiled structure, fibre diameter are 30 μm, and fibre section is circle.Length is made using conventional twin screw spinning technique
Silk, then chopped fiber is cut into, fiber assembly structure, surface density is made by combing, networking, then by techniques such as hot blast adhesions
For 30g/m2, thickness 3mm.The angle of 3-D crimped fiber and fibrous layer is 80 ° and aligned in fibrous layer.
Layers of nanofibers is made using the shaping of syringe needle electrostatic spinning, using PLA and polycaprolactone as nanofiber into fibre
Raw material.PLA (PLA, Mw=3 × 105) and polycaprolactone (PCL, M g/molw=8 × 104G/mol) mass ratio is (4:1),
After vacuum drying (60 DEG C, 12h), using chloroform:DMF(4:1) it is solvent, is configured to 14% solution, magnetic agitation 4h, stands
Deaeration 2h.The PLA/PCL solution electrostatic spinning prepared is molded, spinning voltage 15kV, receives distance about 12cm, promote speed
Spend for 0.5ml/h/ holes, obtain layers of nanofibers.Nanofiber diameter is 400-1500nm, and layers of nanofibers grammes per square metre is 10.1g/
m2。
Three-dimensional crimp core-skin composite fiber layer and layers of nanofibers are compounded to form ABAB structures, in surface recombination polypropylene
Spun-bonded non-woven fabrics, it is 300g/m to obtain grammes per square metre2Complex sound insulation felt.
Complex sound insulation felt obtained by the present embodiment reaches 0.31 to the absorption coefficient of 500Hz sound sources, the suction to 1000Hz sound sources
Receive coefficient and reach 0.62, sound absorption qualities are preferable.
Embodiment 7
In the present embodiment, three-dimensional crimp core-skin composite fiber cortical material is without polypropylene (APP)；Core material is poly-
Acid amides and there is eccentric structure.Three-dimensional crimp core-skin composite fiber is formed as spiral shape by the difference of core-skin fibre water absorption rate
Coiled structure, fibre diameter are 30 μm, and fibre section is circle.Three-dimensional crimp core-skin composite fiber is compound by conventional twin screw
Spinning technique is first made after long filament by obtaining cloth-like structure, surface density 30g/m through knitting device2, thickness 3mm.Fibrous layer
Middle 3-D crimped fiber horizontal orientation arrangement.
Layers of nanofibers is made using centrifugation electrostatic spinning shaping, using polyesteramide as nanofiber into fine raw material.It is poly-
Esteramides (Mw=3 × 105G/mol (60 DEG C, 12h) directly carry out spinning, spinning temperature in the molten state afterwards after) being dried in vacuo
250 DEG C, spinning voltage 50kV, distance about 12cm is received, fltting speed 0.5ml/h, rotating speed 600r/min, obtains diameter
For 600-1200nm nanofiber mats, layers of nanofibers grammes per square metre is 12g/m2。
Three-dimensional crimp core-skin composite fiber layer and dried layers of nanofibers are compounded to form AAABBB structures, on surface
Composite polypropylene needle punched non-woven fabrics, it is 420g/m to obtain grammes per square metre2Complex sound insulation felt.
Complex sound insulation felt obtained by the present embodiment reaches 0.30 to the absorption coefficient of 500Hz sound sources, the suction to 1000Hz sound sources
Receive coefficient and reach 0.61, sound absorption qualities are preferable.
Embodiment 8
In the present embodiment, three-dimensional crimp core-skin composite fiber cortical material is polypropylene (PP)；Core material is poly- breast
Sour (PLA) and it is eccentric fiber.Three-dimensional crimp core-skin composite fiber to form permanent Z-shaped coiled structure by thermomechanically acting on, fine
A diameter of 10 μm are tieed up, fibre section is non-circular.Three-dimensional crimp core-skin composite fiber passes through conventional twin screw composite spinning technology
Long filament is first made, then by cutting into chopped fiber, loose fibre net structure, surface density 30g/ are obtained by combing, after networking
m2, thickness 3mm.The angle of Z-shaped crimped fibre and fibrous layer is 45 ° and aligned in fibrous layer.
Layers of nanofibers is made using the shaping of syringe needle electrostatic spinning, using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as nanofiber into fine former
Material.Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA, Mw=6 × 104G/mol after) being dried in vacuo (60 DEG C, 12h), solvent is adopted water as, is configured to 15%
Solution, magnetic agitation 4h, standing and defoaming 2h.By the PVA solution electrostatic spinning prepared be molded, spinning voltage 15kV, receive away from
From about 12cm, fltting speed 0.5ml/h, a diameter of 600-1200nm layers of nanofibers, grammes per square metre 10.3g/m are obtained2。
Three-dimensional crimp core-skin composite fiber layer and dried layers of nanofibers are compounded to form AAAABB structures, on surface
Composite polyethylene needle punched non-woven fabrics, it is 410g/m to obtain grammes per square metre2Complex sound insulation carpet veneer.
Complex sound insulation felt obtained by the present embodiment reaches 0.32 to the absorption coefficient of 500Hz sound sources, the suction to 1000Hz sound sources
Receive coefficient and reach 0.63, sound absorption qualities are preferable.
Embodiment 9
In the present embodiment, three-dimensional crimp core-skin composite fiber cortical material is that nylon66 fiber (PA66) and PA6/66 are copolymerized
The parallel construction that thing is formed；Core material is air.Three-dimensional crimp core-skin composite fiber passes through cortex two kinds of polymer water absorption rate
Difference and to be formed be spirality crimping structure forever, fibre diameter is 15 μm, and fibre section is non-circular.Three-dimensional crimp core-sheath
Long filament is first made by twin-screw+plunger pump technique in fiber, then by cutting into chopped fiber, fiber is made by combing, networking
Aggregated structure, surface density 30g/m2, thickness 3mm.The angle of 30% 3-D crimped fiber and fibrous layer is in fibrous layer
45 ° align, the arrangement of 70% 3-D crimped fiber horizontal orientation.
Layers of nanofibers is made using the shaping of syringe needle electrostatic spinning, with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) (PVDF) and (PVA) polyvinyl alcohol
(mixing ratio=7:3) nanofiber is used as into fine raw material.Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) (PVDF, Mw=1.3 × 106G/mol) it is dried in vacuo
(60 DEG C, 12h) afterwards, by polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) concentrated emulsion and polyethylene (PVA, Mw=6 × 104G/mol) alcohol is blended makees in water
For spinning solution, solution concentration 26%, magnetic agitation 4h.By the PVDF/PVA emulsion prepared carry out syringe needle electrostatic spinning into
Type, spinning voltage 15kV, distance about 15cm is received, obtains PVDF/PVA layers of nanofibers (containing bead structure), grammes per square metre is
10.4g/m2, fibre diameter 300-600nm.
Three-dimensional crimp core-skin composite fiber layer and dried layers of nanofibers is compound, ABABAB structures are formed, in table
Face composite polypropylene spunlace non-woven cloth, it is 450g/m to obtain grammes per square metre2Complex sound insulation felt.As described three-dimensional crimp core-sheath
Fiber and nanofiber composite sound isolating material.
Complex sound insulation felt obtained by the present embodiment reaches 0.32 to the absorption coefficient of 500Hz sound sources, the suction to 1000Hz sound sources
Receive coefficient and reach 0.65, sound absorption qualities are preferable.
Above-described embodiment is the preferable embodiment of the utility model, but embodiment of the present utility model is not by above-mentioned
The limitation of embodiment, it is other it is any without departing from Spirit Essence of the present utility model with made under principle change, modify, replace
Generation, combination, simplify, should be equivalent substitute mode, be included within the scope of protection of the utility model.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of three-dimensional crimp core-skin composite fiber and nanofiber composite sound isolating material, it is characterised in that：The complex sound insulation
The composite fibre functional layer and the face of upper and lower surface that material is made up of three-dimensional crimp core-skin composite fiber layer and layers of nanofibers
Layer protective layer is formed.
2. a kind of three-dimensional crimp core-skin composite fiber according to claim 1 and nanofiber composite sound isolating material, it is special
Sign is：The grammes per square metre of the three-dimensional crimp core-skin composite fiber layer is 20~100g/m2, the grammes per square metre of layers of nanofibers for 0.5~
20g/m2, surface layer protective layer is that grammes per square metre is 10~80g/m2Spunbond, hot rolling or hot-wind nonwoven cloth.
3. a kind of three-dimensional crimp core-skin composite fiber according to claim 1 and nanofiber composite sound isolating material, it is special
Sign is：The composite sound isolating material is superimposed to obtain by the surface layer protective layer on multilayer composite fiber layer and surface；It is described it is compound every
The grammes per square metre of sound material is 100~500g/m2。
4. a kind of three-dimensional crimp core-skin composite fiber according to claim 1 and nanofiber composite sound isolating material, it is special
Sign is：The coiled structure of core-skin composite fiber includes Z-type, spiral shape or wave in the three-dimensional crimp core-skin composite fiber layer
Shape coiled structure；A diameter of 1~50 μm of core-skin composite fiber；Arrangement mode of the core-skin composite fiber in fibrous layer is level
Align, vertical orientation arrangement or any angle between horizontal and vertical align.
5. a kind of three-dimensional crimp core-skin composite fiber according to claim 1 and nanofiber composite sound isolating material, it is special
Sign is：The fibre diameter of the layers of nanofibers is 10~1000nm, contains one-dimension oriented, two-dimensional orientation or non-oriented knot
Structure.
Priority Applications (1)
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107215046A (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2017-09-29 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of three-dimensional crimp core-skin composite fiber and nanofiber composite sound isolating material and preparation method thereof |
| CN112012361A (en) * | 2020-08-11 | 2020-12-01 | 千年舟新材科技集团有限公司 | Sound-absorbing board |
| CN113417078A (en) * | 2021-07-09 | 2021-09-21 | 天津工业大学 | Preparation method of high-shrinkage orange-peel-type two-component spun-bonded spunlace microfiber leather base fabric |
| CN114672898A (en) * | 2022-03-08 | 2022-06-28 | 福建省锋源盛纺织科技有限公司 | Composite monofilament and preparation method thereof |
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2017
- 2017-06-20 CN CN201720718255.0U patent/CN207207315U/en active Active
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107215046A (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2017-09-29 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of three-dimensional crimp core-skin composite fiber and nanofiber composite sound isolating material and preparation method thereof |
| CN107215046B (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2023-01-06 | 华南理工大学 | Three-dimensional crimped sheath-core composite fiber and nanofiber composite sound insulation material and preparation method thereof |
| CN112012361A (en) * | 2020-08-11 | 2020-12-01 | 千年舟新材科技集团有限公司 | Sound-absorbing board |
| CN112012361B (en) * | 2020-08-11 | 2022-03-15 | 千年舟新材科技集团有限公司 | Sound-absorbing board |
| CN113417078A (en) * | 2021-07-09 | 2021-09-21 | 天津工业大学 | Preparation method of high-shrinkage orange-peel-type two-component spun-bonded spunlace microfiber leather base fabric |
| CN114672898A (en) * | 2022-03-08 | 2022-06-28 | 福建省锋源盛纺织科技有限公司 | Composite monofilament and preparation method thereof |
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