CN207180639U - A kind of equipment of field monitoring overburden of the goaf space displacement - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model is a device for on-site monitoring of the spatial displacement of the overlying rock in the goaf, which comprises a short steel pipe arranged at the bottom of the hole and a sleeve on the upper part of the hole, at least two anchor rods are inserted in the hole, and one end of the anchor rod is fixedly connected with an anchor The other end of the anchor head is connected to the computer through a measuring line, a linear displacement sensor is installed on the measuring line, and a biaxial inclination sensor is installed on the anchor head, which is connected to the computer through a cable, and an A/D converter is installed on the cable. Using this technical solution to monitor the underground rock formations can measure the underground horizontal and vertical displacements, which solves the problem of on-site monitoring of rock formation movement, and can reasonably adjust the position and quantity of the anchor head according to the location of the key rock formations. Recording and storage are monitored by computer to reduce the workload of on-site personnel. The equipment and method of the whole technical scheme are simple, and the horizontal and vertical rock formation displacements can be measured, and the measurement accuracy is high, which can greatly promote the use of on-site underground rock formation monitoring.

Description

A device for on-site monitoring of the spatial displacement of the overlying rock in the goaf

Technical field:

The utility model relates to the technical field of goaf displacement monitoring, in particular to a device for on-site monitoring of the spatial displacement of the overlying rock in the goaf.

Background technique:

Monitoring the movement of underground rock formations is an important part of carrying out construction work on site. For highways or other buildings with goafs and complex engineering geological conditions, the underground rock strata will collapse under the influence of gravity and motion loads. Because the rock properties of each layer are different, each rock collapse process The subsidence of each rock layer is different, and the compression between the rocks may also cause lateral displacement during the process. Through the observation of these deformations, the horizontal and vertical displacements of underground rock formations can be understood.

For the on-site monitoring of underground rock formations, the movement of rock formations occurs below the surface, and previous observation methods cannot directly obtain the movement parameters of rock formations. There is currently no practical way to solve this problem by consulting relevant data, so it is necessary to find a practical method to observe the movement of rock layers under the surface.

Therefore, it is necessary to study a more applicable on-site monitoring equipment to solve the above technical problems.

Utility model content:

The purpose of the utility model is to provide a device for on-site monitoring of the spatial displacement of the overlying rock in the goaf, which can monitor the horizontal and vertical displacement of the underground rock formation on the site.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

The utility model provides a device for on-site monitoring of the spatial displacement of the overlying rock in the goaf, which is used to measure the displacement of rock strata at different depths. It is installed in the hole dug at the goaf for monitoring, including: The short steel pipe at the bottom of the hole is provided with a boss on the inner wall of the short steel pipe, and a filling block is embedded on the boss to block the bottom end of the short steel pipe. The inside of the filling block is a hollow structure. An overflow hole communicating with the inside of the filling block is opened at the position where the filling block is in contact with the boss, and a first through hole is opened on the end surface of the filling block facing the opening of the hole. A through hole communicates with the inside of the filling block, the water seeping from the rock formation at the bottom of the hole enters the hollow structure through the overflow hole, a sleeve is installed on the upper part of the hole, and at least Two anchor rods are inserted, the lengths of the anchor rods are different, one end of the anchor rod is fixed above the hole, and the other end is inserted into the hole through the sleeve, and the anchor rod is located at One end above the hole is externally connected to the computer through a measuring line, and a linear displacement sensor is arranged on the measuring line, and an anchor head is fixed at one end of the anchor rod inserted in the hole. The anchor head is provided with a biaxial inclination sensor, and the biaxial inclination sensor is externally connected to the computer through a cable, the cable is provided with an A/D converter, and a grouting pipe is inserted in the hole, and the grouting One end of the tube is inserted into the hole through the sleeve, and its end is close to the end face of the filling block opening toward the hole.

The outer shell of the anchor rod is provided with an anchor rod protection tube, and one end of the anchor rod protection tube close to the anchor head is provided with a rubber plug.

A distribution plate is also provided in the hole, and a plurality of second through holes are opened on the distribution plate, and the distribution plate is sleeved on the anchor rod protection tube through the second through holes, so that the The anchors are separated.

A block of pulleys is fixedly arranged above the hole, and the cables and measuring lines are connected to the computer through the block of pulleys.

The end of the grouting pipe is 3-5 cm away from the end face of the filling block facing the opening of the hole.

The filling block is a cone structure, and its interior is hollow, and the tip of the cone is embedded on the boss, and the cross section of the boss is triangular, and its first side is attached to the inner wall of the hole , the second side is fitted with the tapered surface of the cone to block the bottom end of the short steel pipe, and the second side is parallel to the tapered surface of the cone, and the cone is parallel to the second side An overflow port is provided at the contact position, and the water seeped from the rock formation at the bottom of the hole enters the hollow through the overflow hole, and a first through hole is opened on the end face of the cone facing the opening of the hole, so that The first through hole communicates with the interior of the filling block.

The tip of the anchor head is provided with threads, and the anchor head close to the threads is provided with barbs, the diameter of the anchor rod is 10-20 mm, and the diameter of the anchor head is 20-30 mm.

The end of the anchor head close to the anchor rod is anchored with a connecting plate, and the biaxial inclination sensor is fixedly connected to the connecting plate.

Lubricant is applied inside the anchor rod protection tube to reduce the friction between the anchor rod and the anchor rod protection tube.

The beneficial effect of the utility model is a device for on-site monitoring of the spatial displacement of the overlying rock in the mined-out area: the technical scheme is used to monitor the underground rock formation, and the horizontal and vertical displacements of the underground can be measured, which solves the problem of on-site monitoring of the movement of the rock formation , according to the position of the key rock formation, the position and quantity of the anchor head can be adjusted reasonably, and the data recording and storage are all monitored by the computer to reduce the workload of the on-site personnel. The whole technical scheme has simple equipment, can measure the horizontal and vertical displacements of rock strata, and has high measurement accuracy, which can greatly promote the use of on-site underground rock stratum movement monitoring.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the equipment of the utility model on-site monitoring goaf space displacement;

Fig. 2 is the partial structure schematic diagram of anchor head;

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the combination of the boss and the filling block and the short steel pipe;

1-computer, 2-A/D converter, 3-cable, 4-sleeve, 5-short steel pipe, 6-cone, 7-grouting pipe, 8-biaxial inclination sensor, 9-anchor head, 10 -Anchor rod, 11-Anchor rod protection tube, 12-Distribution plate, 13-Pulley block, 14-Rubber plug, 15-Measuring line, 16-Linear displacement sensor, 17-Overflow hole, 18-First through hole, 19 - hole, 20 - boss.

Detailed ways:

Below in conjunction with embodiment the utility model is described in further detail.

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Example. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present utility model.

It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back...) in the embodiments of the present utility model are only used to explain the relationship between the components in a certain posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

In addition, the descriptions involving "first", "second" and so on in the present application are only for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of these features. In addition, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the realization of those skilled in the art. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be realized, it should be considered that the combination of technical solutions does not exist , also not within the scope of protection required by the utility model.

As shown in Figure 1, a device for monitoring the spatial displacement of the overlying rock in the goaf is used to measure the displacement of rock formations at different depths. It is installed in the hole 19 dug at the goaf for monitoring, including: installation The short steel pipe 5 with a diameter range of 110-140mm at the bottom of the hole 19 is provided with a boss 20 on the inner wall of the short steel pipe 5, and a filling block is embedded on the boss 20, so that the short steel pipe 5 The bottom end is blocked. Before placing the short steel pipe 5 in the hole 19, the boss 20 can be welded on the inner wall of the short steel pipe 5. The inside of the filling block is a hollow structure, and the filling block An overflow hole 17 communicating with the inside of the filling block is opened at a position in contact with the boss 20, and a first through hole 18 is opened on the end surface of the filling block facing the opening of the hole 19. The first through hole 18 communicates with the inside of the filling block. When the short steel pipe 5 is placed at the bottom of the hole 19, the water seeping from the bottom of the hole 19 will flow along the contact surface between the boss 20 and the filling block. overflow, at this time the overflowing water can enter the hollow structure through the overflow hole 17, the water in the hole 19 can be discharged smoothly, and the buoyancy of the short steel pipe 5 can be reduced, so that the short steel pipe 5 can be smoothly placed at the bottom of the hole 19, When injecting mortar into the hole 19, the mortar can be filled into the hollow structure inside the filling block along the first through hole 18, and further make the filling block block the bottom end of the hole 19 to prevent the slurry from running out. The upper part of the hole 19 is equipped with a sleeve 4 with a diameter range of 120-150mm, and at least two anchor rods 10 are inserted in the hole 19, and the length of the anchor rods 10 is different for distribution in the hole 19. At different depths of rock formations, one end of each anchor rod 10 is fixed above the hole 19, and the other end passes through the sleeve 4 and is inserted in the hole 19. Each of the anchor rods 10 One end above the hole 19 is externally connected to the computer 1 through a measuring line 15, and a linear displacement sensor 16 is arranged on the measuring line 15, and each of the anchor rods 10 is inserted in the hole 19. One end is fixed with an anchor head 9, the anchor head 9 is placed at the depth of the rock formation that needs to be measured, and the anchor head 9 is kept vertical, and each anchor head 9 is provided with a biaxial inclination sensor 8, which is connected to the anchor rod 10 are arranged in parallel, each of the two-axis inclination sensors 8 is externally connected to the computer 1 through a cable 3, and each of the cables 3 is provided with an A/D converter 2 with a length of 80 mm, a width of 40, and a height of 20 mm. A pulley block 13 is fixedly arranged above the hole 19, and each of the cables 3 and measuring lines 15 is connected to the computer 1 through the pulley block 13, and a grouting pipe 7 is inserted in the hole 19, and the grouting pipe 7 One end passes through the sleeve 4 and is inserted in the hole 19, and its end is close to the upper end surface of the filling block. In order to ensure the grouting effect, in engineering practice, the distance between the full end and the upper end surface of the filling block is 3 ~5cm.

Further, each anchor rod 10 is covered with an anchor rod protection tube 11 to protect the anchor rod 10, and the end of the anchor rod protection tube 11 near the anchor head 9 is provided with a rubber The plug 14 is used to prevent water from entering the inside of the bolt protection pipe 11, thereby protecting other components in the bolt protection pipe 11.

Further, a distribution plate 12 is also provided in the hole 19, and a plurality of second through holes are opened on the distribution plate 12, and the distribution plate 12 is sleeved on the anchor rod guard through the second through holes. On the pipe 11, the anchor protection tube 11 and the second through hole are interference fit, so that the distribution plate 12 is clamped on the outer wall of the anchor protection tube 11, so that the distribution plate 12 is stably arranged on the In the hole 19, the anchor rods 10 are separated by the distribution plate 12, so as to prevent the anchor rods 10 from interfering with each other.

Further, as shown in Figure 2, the tip of the anchor head 9 is provided with threads, and barbs are provided on the anchor head 9 close to the threads, the diameter of the anchor rod 10 is 10-20 mm, and the anchor The diameter of head 9 is 20～30mm.

Further, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the filling block is a cone 6 structure, and its interior is hollow, and the tip of the cone 6 is embedded on the boss 20, the The boss 20 has a triangular cross-section, its first side is fitted to the inner wall of the hole 19, and its second side is fitted to the tapered surface of the cone 6 to block the bottom end of the short steel pipe 5, and the second The two sides are parallel to the conical surface of the cone 6, and an overflow port is opened at the position where the cone 6 contacts the second side, and the water seeped from the rock formation at the bottom of the hole 19 passes through the overflow hole 17 Entering into the hollow, a first through hole 18 is opened on the end surface of the cone 6 facing the opening of the hole 19, and the first through hole 18 communicates with the inside of the filling block.

Further, one end of the anchor head 9 close to the anchor rod 10 is anchored with a connecting plate, on which the biaxial inclination sensor 8 is affixed, so that the installation surface and the measured surface of the biaxial inclination sensor 8 are fixed Tight, smooth contact, to avoid errors caused by vibration during operation.

Further, the inside of the bolt protection tube 11 is coated with lubricant to reduce the friction between the bolt 10 and the bolt protection tube 11 .

The operation process of using the equipment of the present utility model to monitor the spatial displacement of the overlying rock in the goaf is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

At first, carry out drilling 19 in the area to be measured, sleeve 4 is installed on the top of described hole 19, and drilled hole 19 is cleaned; Short steel pipe 5 is installed in the bottom of described hole 19, fill block Embedded on the boss 20 in the short steel pipe 5, the bottom end of the short steel pipe 5 is blocked; the anchor head 9 provided with the biaxial inclination sensor 8 is affixed to one end of the anchor rod 10, and the other One end is connected with measuring line 15, and measuring line 15 is provided with linear displacement sensor 16, and described biaxial inclination sensor 8 is connected with cable 3, and A/D converter 2 is installed on cable 3, and described cable 3 and measuring line 15 are all connected to the computer 1, and serial number labels are affixed respectively on the cable 3 and the measuring line 15; the anchor heads 9 ends of at least two anchor rods 10 with different lengths are inserted in the holes 19, and the grouting pipe 7 is also inserted in the hole 19, and its end is located below the end of the anchor rod 10, and the end of the grouting pipe 7 is 1.5m longer than the deepest anchor head 9 inserted in the hole 19 distance, and drill a plurality of grouting holes at the end of the grouting end of the grouting pipe 7 to facilitate better grouting; inject mortar into the hole 19 through the grouting pipe 7, and the mortar adopts sand Clean fine sand and cement with a particle size of less than 1mm are configured according to a water-cement ratio of 0.5:1, and the mortar is filled into the hollow structure inside the filling block along the first through hole 18, so that the filling block seals the The bottom of the hole 19, so as not to run grout, during the grouting process, there will be continuous air discharge in the hole 19, until the grouting in the hole 19 starts, stop the grouting; finally, after the initial setting of the mortar, cut off the grouting The part of the pipe 7 exposed outside the hole 19, about 16 hours later, the mortar is completely solidified, and the movement of the underground rock formations is observed through the computer 1, that is, the vertical displacement H of the rock formations at different depths and the depth of the rock formations are read by the computer 1. The inclination α of the movement is calculated by the vertical displacement H and the inclination α of the movement of the rock formation to obtain the lateral displacement of the rock formation L=H×tanα, and then the horizontal and vertical displacements of the rock formation are obtained.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present utility model and not to limit them. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: the present utility model can still be The specific implementation of the utility model is modified or equivalently replaced, and any modification or equivalently replaced without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model shall be covered by the scope of the present claims.

Claims (9)

1. A device for on-site monitoring of the spatial displacement of the overlying rock in the goaf, used to measure the displacement of rock formations of different depths, installed in the hole dug at the goaf for monitoring, characterized in that: comprising: installed in The short steel pipe at the bottom of the hole, the inner wall of the short steel pipe is provided with a boss, the boss is embedded with a filling block to block the bottom end of the short steel pipe, the inside of the filling block is a hollow structure, An overflow hole communicating with the interior of the filling block is opened at the position where the filling block contacts the boss, and a first through hole is opened on the end face of the filling block facing the opening of the hole. The first through hole communicates with the inside of the filling block, and the water seeping from the rock formation at the bottom of the hole enters the hollow structure through the overflow hole, and a sleeve is installed on the upper part of the hole, and in the hole At least two anchor rods are inserted, the lengths of the anchor rods are different, one end of the anchor rod is fixed above the hole, and the other end is inserted into the hole through the sleeve, and the anchor rod One end above the hole is externally connected to the computer through a measuring line, and a linear displacement sensor is arranged on the measuring line, and an anchor head is fixed at one end of the anchor rod inserted in the hole, A two-axis inclination sensor is arranged on the anchor head, and the two-axis inclination sensor is externally connected to the computer through a cable, an A/D converter is arranged on the cable, and a grouting pipe is inserted in the hole, and the injection One end of the slurry pipe passes through the sleeve and is inserted into the hole, and its end is close to the end surface of the filling block facing the opening of the hole. 2. The device for on-site monitoring of the spatial displacement of the overlying rock in the goaf according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bolt jacket is provided with a bolt protection tube, and the bolt protection tube is close to the anchor head One end is provided with a rubber stopper. 3. The device for on-site monitoring of the spatial displacement of the overlying rock in the goaf according to claim 1, characterized in that: a distribution plate is arranged in the hole, and a plurality of second through holes are opened on the distribution plate , the distribution plate is sheathed on the anchor rod protection tube through the second through hole, so as to separate the anchor rods. 4. The device for on-site monitoring of the spatial displacement of the overlying rock in the goaf according to claim 1, characterized in that: a block of pulleys is fixed above the hole, and the cables and measuring lines are connected to the computer through the block of pulleys. 5. The device for on-site monitoring of the spatial displacement of the overlying rock in the goaf according to claim 1, characterized in that: the end of the grouting pipe is 3 to 5 cm away from the end face of the filling block facing the opening of the hole . 6. The device for on-site monitoring of the spatial displacement of the overlying rock in the goaf according to claim 1, characterized in that: the filling block is a cone structure, and its interior is hollow, and the tip of the cone is embedded On the boss, the cross-section of the boss is triangular, the first side of which fits with the inner wall of the hole, and the second side fits with the tapered surface of the cone, so as to block the bottom end of the short steel pipe , and the second side is parallel to the conical surface of the cone, an overflow port is set at the position where the cone contacts the second side, and the water seeping from the rock formation at the bottom of the hole passes through the overflow A hole enters the hollow, and a first through hole is opened on the end surface of the cone facing the opening of the hole, and the first through hole communicates with the inside of the filling block. 7. The device for on-site monitoring of the spatial displacement of the overlying rock in the goaf according to claim 1, characterized in that: the tip of the anchor head is provided with threads, and the anchor head close to the threads is provided with barbs , the diameter of the anchor rod is 10-20 mm, and the diameter of the anchor head is 20-30 mm. 8. A device for on-site monitoring of the spatial displacement of the overlying rock in the goaf according to claim 1, characterized in that: the end of the anchor head close to the anchor rod is anchored with a connecting plate, and a fixed connection plate is fixed on the connecting plate The dual-axis inclination sensor. 9. The device for on-site monitoring of the spatial displacement of the overlying rock in the goaf according to claim 2, characterized in that: the inside of the bolt protection pipe is coated with a lubricant to reduce the distance between the bolt and the bolt protection pipe. friction between.