CN207127740U - A kind of multi-faceted peener of irregularly-shaped castings - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of multi-faceted peener of irregularly-shaped castings, include sliding block and hydraulic cylinder placed below, the top of the hydraulic cylinder is provided with fixed plate, the fixed plate is provided with motor, central shaft is connected with through the fixed plate and the motor output end, the central shaft is provided with spider, the expansion link of the protruding multiple circle distributions of center disc side, it is placed on the central shaft at the spider both sides and is rotatably connected to symmetrical slip ring, the expansion link has pole by hinge, and the pole is provided with multiple fixed mounts.The multi-faceted peener of a kind of irregularly-shaped castings described in the utility model, pass through the improvement to existing apparatus, it ensure that on the basis of clamping more multi-work piece, the Multi-angle turnover to workpiece is realized by the cooperation of simple each structure, and then realize the ball blast in more faces of special-shaped workpiece, the large batch of ball blast for realizing special-shaped workpiece that can be rapidly and efficiently works, and practicality is stronger.

Description

A kind of multi-faceted peener of irregularly-shaped castings

Technical field

The utility model belongs to shot-blasting machine field, more particularly, to a kind of multi-faceted peener of irregularly-shaped castings.

Background technology

With the development of society, automobile turns into the trip instrument considered at first of people's trip already, and demand is gradual Increase, thus the processing industry of its automobile component also faces more challenges, because increasing for demand carries with what people required Height, production efficiency is not only improved in the production process of automobile component and to ensure better quality, for producing automotive department The casting industry of part, shot-blasting machine are equipment essential in process of manufacture, and shot-blasting machine is sprayed using shot-blast unit High-velocity Projectiles are cleared up or strengthen the Casting Equipment of cast(ing) surface, and shot-blasting machine hits the table of metal by one or more sand material Face, some attachments of metal surface, such as iron rust are eliminated, or one is obtained specifically and superficial layer by ball blast percussion, but It is that the clamping workpiece number of existing shot-blasting machine once is few, and the contact surface of firm ball and workpiece is smaller during ball blast, throws Ball effect is poor, it is impossible to which preferable effect can be thrown by ensureing each section of workpiece, and for such a situation, the utility model carries Go out a kind of multi-faceted peener of irregularly-shaped castings, by the improvement to existing apparatus, ensure that the base in clamping more multi-work piece On plinth, the Multi-angle turnover to workpiece is realized by the cooperation of simple each structure, and then realize more faces of special-shaped workpiece Ball blast, the large batch of ball blast for realizing special-shaped workpiece work that can be rapidly and efficiently, practicality is stronger.

Utility model content

In view of this, the utility model is directed to a kind of multi-faceted peener of irregularly-shaped castings, ensure that in clamping more On the basis of multi-work piece, the Multi-angle turnover to workpiece is realized by the cooperation of simple each structure, and then realize special-shaped workpiece More faces ball blast, the large batch of ball blast for realizing special-shaped workpiece work that can be rapidly and efficiently, practicality is stronger.

To reach above-mentioned purpose, what the technical solution of the utility model was realized in：

A kind of multi-faceted peener of irregularly-shaped castings, including sliding block and hydraulic cylinder placed below, the top of the hydraulic cylinder Portion is provided with fixed plate, and the fixed plate is provided with motor, in being connected with through the fixed plate and the motor output end Mandrel, the central shaft are provided with spider, the expansion link of the protruding multiple circle distributions of center disc side, in described Be placed in mandrel at the spider both sides and be rotatably connected to symmetrical slip ring, the expansion link away from the spider one There is pole by hinge between end and the slip ring, the pole is provided with multiple fixed mounts.

Further, the spider is connected by bearing with the central axis, the spider both sides it is described Central shaft is provided with screw thread, and the slip ring is rotatablely connected on the screw thread.

Further, the thread rotary orientation of the spider both sides is on the contrary, the telescopic length of the expansion link is more than center Unilateral reach on axle.

Further, the fixed mount on the pole includes being interspersed the first fixed mount and the second fixed mount, and described the One fixed mount includes the first locating dowel being detachably connected with the pole, and the first placement is fixed with first locating dowel Plate, the both ends mirror image of the first placement plate are provided with fixing lock, and the fixing lock is fixed block and the first pillar, is led between the two Screw rod rotation connection with handles is crossed, second fixed mount includes the second locating dowel being detachably connected with the pole, institute State and the second placement plate is fixed with the second locating dowel, it is middle on the second placement plate to be provided with spacing block, the spacing block mirror image Both sides be provided with the second pillar, long bolt forms closing space through second pillar and the spacing block.

Further, the axis of the axis of the expansion link and the central shaft is mutually perpendicular to, the axis of the central shaft Be parallel to each other with the direction of motion of the hydraulic cylinder, the axis of the screw rod and the long bolt be parallel to each other and with the pole Axis be mutually perpendicular to, it is described first place plate length more than 2 times it is described second place plate length.

Further, the hydraulic cylinder, the motor electrically connect with control unit respectively.

Relative to prior art, a kind of multi-faceted peener of irregularly-shaped castings described in the utility model has following excellent Gesture：

(1) the multi-faceted peener of a kind of irregularly-shaped castings described in the utility model, by the improvement to existing apparatus, this The setting of kind peener neither influences motion of the multi-faceted peener in ring-shaped guide rail and smoothly passes in and out shot blast room, and and can is protected It is demonstrate,proved in the stable rotation of shot blast room interior sealing to ensure that more special-shaped workpiece reaches preferable ball blast effect in it, is realized In the rotation of workpiece Multi-orientation multi-angle in shot blast room, the ball blast effect of workpiece is improved, ensure that in clamping more multi-work piece On the basis of, the Multi-angle turnover to workpiece is realized by the cooperation of simple each structure, and then realize the more of special-shaped workpiece The ball blast in face, the large batch of ball blast for realizing special-shaped workpiece that can be rapidly and efficiently work, and practicality is stronger.

(2) spider described in the utility model is connected by bearing with the central axis, the spider both sides The central shaft be provided with screw thread, the slip ring is rotatablely connected on the screw thread.Realize while central axis Drive slip ring threadingly rotating, realize and move up and down.

(3) thread rotary orientation of spider both sides described in the utility model is on the contrary, the telescopic length of the expansion link is big In reach unilateral on central shaft.The setting of opposite rotation direction ensures simultaneously close to each other or remote to the position of spider From, and then elongating or shortening for expansion link is driven, and then the inclination of pole is realized, reach the upset purpose of workpiece, the limit of length System ensures tiltable angle in the larger context, to ensure to carry out ball blast to the more faces of special-shaped workpiece, improves ball blast effect Fruit.

(4) fixed mount on pole described in the utility model includes be interspersed the first fixed mount and the second fixed mount, First fixed mount includes the first locating dowel being detachably connected with the pole, and first is fixed with first locating dowel Plate is placed, the both ends mirror image of the first placement plate is provided with fixing lock, and the fixing lock is fixed block and the first pillar, both it Between be rotatablely connected by screw rod with handles, second fixed mount includes the second positioning being detachably connected with the pole Post, is fixed with the second placement plate in second locating dowel, on the second placement plate among is provided with spacing block, the spacing block The both sides of mirror image are provided with the second pillar, and long bolt forms closing space through second pillar and the spacing block.Fixed mount It is arranged in a crossed manner guarantee the more workpiece of stock removal polishing, it is and mutually unaffected, closed-loop is formed by bolt to fix For workpiece to adapt to different types of workpiece, fixed effect is preferable, and is easy to load and unload, and saves the lay day, multi-faceted in multi-angle Rotation ball blast during workpiece do not fall out, stability is preferable.

(5) axis of the axis of expansion link described in the utility model and the central shaft is mutually perpendicular to, the central shaft The direction of motion of axis and the hydraulic cylinder be parallel to each other, the axis of the screw rod and the long bolt be parallel to each other and with institute The axis for stating pole is mutually perpendicular to, and described first places the length that described second of the length of plate more than 2 times places plate.It ensure that Workpiece is smoothly changed direction and angle during ball blast, screw rod and places the limitation of plate length workpiece is not produced between each other dry Relate to, avoid colliding between workpiece, improve the qualification rate of workpiece.

(6) hydraulic cylinder described in the utility model, the motor electrically connect with described control unit respectively.Realize equipment Automation, ensure the high-effect high-quality work of whole flow process, each several part coordinates close, and operating efficiency is higher.

Brief description of the drawings

Form a part of accompanying drawing of the present utility model to be used for providing further understanding to of the present utility model, this practicality is new The schematic description and description of type is used to explain the utility model, does not form to improper restriction of the present utility model. In accompanying drawing：

Fig. 1 is a kind of automobile special-shaped casts shot-blasting machine overall structure diagram described in the utility model embodiment；

Fig. 2 is the multi-faceted peener knot of the multi-faceted peener of a kind of irregularly-shaped castings described in the utility model embodiment Structure schematic diagram；

Fig. 3 is the multi-faceted peener fixed rack structure signal of a kind of irregularly-shaped castings described in the utility model embodiment Figure.

Description of reference numerals：

1- ring-shaped guide rails；2- end faces；3- sliding blocks；The multi-faceted peeners of 4-；5- side doors；6- sealing plates；7- circular holes；8- is returned Receive plate；9- trapezoid blocks；10- fixed columns；11- square grooves；12- collection boxes；13- housings；14- slideways；401- hydraulic cylinders；402- consolidates Fixed board；403- motor；404- central shafts；405- spiders；406- expansion links；407- slip rings；408- poles；409- sells Axle；The fixed mounts of 410- first；The fixed mounts of 411- second；4101- first places plate；The pillars of 4102- first；4103- fixed blocks； 4104- screw rods；The locating dowels of 4105- first；4106- handles；4111- second places plate；4112- spacing blocks；4113- second Post；4114- long bolts；The locating dowels of 4115- second.

Embodiment

It should be noted that in the case where not conflicting, the feature in embodiment and embodiment in the utility model can To be mutually combined.

In description of the present utility model, it is to be understood that term " " center ", " longitudinal direction ", " transverse direction ", " on ", " under ", The orientation or position relationship of the instruction such as "front", "rear", "left", "right", " vertical ", " level ", " top ", " bottom ", " interior ", " outer " are Based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship, it is for only for ease of description the utility model and simplifies description, rather than instruction Or imply that signified device or element must have specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore be not understood that For to limitation of the present utility model.In addition, term " first ", " second " etc. are only used for describing purpose, and it is not intended that instruction Or imply relative importance or the implicit quantity for indicating indicated technical characteristic.Thus, " first ", " second " etc. are defined Feature can express or implicitly include one or more this feature.In description of the present utility model, unless separately It is described, " multiple " are meant that two or more.

, it is necessary to which explanation, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " are pacified in description of the present utility model Dress ", " connected ", " connection " should be interpreted broadly, for example, it may be fixedly connected or be detachably connected, or integratedly Connection；Can be mechanical connection or electrical connection；Can be joined directly together, can also be indirectly connected by intermediary, It can be the connection of two element internals.For the ordinary skill in the art, on being understood by concrete condition State concrete meaning of the term in the utility model.

Describe the utility model in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments.

A kind of automobile special-shaped casts shot-blasting machine as shown in Figure 1, including shot blast room and be placed in multi-faceted on ring-shaped guide rail 1 Peener 4, the shot blast room slide positioned at the lower section of ring-shaped guide rail 1, the multi-faceted peener 4 with the shot blast room Connection, the shot blast room include housing 13, and the side wall of housing 13 is provided with symmetrical side door 5, and the end of side door 5 is provided with sealing Plate 6, the top of housing 13 are provided with slideway 14, and the upper and lower ends that the housing 13 does not open the side door 5 are provided with inclined end face 2, circular hole 7 is provided with the end face 2, and the circular hole 7 is connected with the outlet of impeller head, is provided with the bottom centre of housing 13 Fixed column 10, retracting device is provided with the center of the excessively described bottom of housing 13, the fixed column 10 is fixed with the retracting device Connection；The retracting device included the strip trapezoid block 9 of the bottom centre of housing 13, the trapezoid block 9 symmetrical two Side is provided with the chute of connection, and sliding equipment is placed in the trapezoid block 9, and the both sides of the trapezoid block 9 are respectively equipped with symmetrical return Plate 8 is received, the recovery plate 8 is fixedly connected with the sliding equipment, and it is driven in the housing 13 by the sliding equipment Motion.Equipment efficient height during circulation work ensure that by the cooperation between multi-faceted peener 4 and shot blast room The ball blast for the realizing large batch of workpiece work of quality, ball blast can be carried out to each face of special-shaped workpiece in closed space Work, ball blast effect is preferable, working stability, and the recovery of recovered device is not in dead angle, without work to improve operating efficiency Make personnel and clean i.e. achievable automatic recovery, effect is preferable, and practicality is stronger.

Wherein, the multi-faceted peener 4 includes sliding block 3 and hydraulic cylinder 401 placed below, the hydraulic cylinder 401 Top be provided with fixed plate 402, the fixed plate 402 is provided with motor 403, through the fixed plate 402 with it is described electronic The output end of machine 403 is connected with central shaft 404, and the central shaft 404 is provided with spider 405, and the side of spider 405 is outside The expansion link 406 of multiple circle distributions is stretched out, is placed at the both sides of spider 405 and is rotatably connected on the central shaft 404 Symmetrical slip ring 407, the expansion link 406 pass through pin between one end and the slip ring 407 away from the spider 405 Axle 409 is hinged with pole 408, and the pole 408 is provided with multiple fixed mounts.The setting of such a peener neither influences in many ways Motion of the position peener in ring-shaped guide rail smoothly passes in and out shot blast room, and and can ensures it in the stable rotation of shot blast room interior sealing To ensure that more special-shaped workpiece reaches preferable ball blast effect in it, the Multi-orientation multi-angle in shot blast room is realized in workpiece Rotation, improve the ball blast effect of workpiece.

Wherein, the spider 405 is rotatablely connected by bearing and the central shaft 404, the both sides of spider 405 The central shaft 404 is provided with screw thread, and the slip ring 407 is rotatablely connected on the screw thread.Realization rotates in central shaft 404 While drive slip ring 407 threadingly rotating, realize move up and down.

Wherein, the thread rotary orientation of the both sides of spider 405 is on the contrary, 406 telescopic length of the expansion link is more than institute State reach unilateral on central shaft 404.The setting of opposite rotation direction ensures simultaneously close to each other to the position of spider 405 Or it is remote, and then elongating or shortening for expansion link 406 is driven, and then the inclination of pole 408 is realized, reach the upset mesh of workpiece , the limitation of length ensures tiltable angle in the larger context, to ensure to carry out ball blast to the more faces of special-shaped workpiece, Improve ball blast effect.

Wherein, the fixed mount on the pole 408 includes be interspersed the first fixed mount 410 and the second fixed mount 411, institute State the first locating dowel 4105 that the first fixed mount 410 includes being detachably connected with the pole 408, first locating dowel 4105 On be fixed with the first placement plate 4101, the both ends mirror image of the first placement plate 4101 is provided with fixing lock, and the fixing lock is solid Determine the pillar 4102 of block 4103 and first, be rotatablely connected between the two by with handles 4106 screw rod 4104, described second fixes Frame 411 includes the second locating dowel 4115 for being detachably connected with the pole 408, and the is fixed with second locating dowel 4115 Two place plates 4111, and centre is provided with spacing block 4112, the both sides of the mirror image of spacing block 4112 on the second placement plate 4111 Provided with the second pillar 4113, long bolt 4114 forms closing space through second pillar 4113 and the spacing block 4112. The arranged in a crossed manner of fixed mount guarantees the more workpiece of stock removal polishing, and mutually unaffected, and closed-loop is formed by bolt To fix workpiece to adapt to different types of workpiece, fixed effect is preferable, and is easy to load and unload, and the lay day is saved, in multi-angle Workpiece is not fallen out during multi-faceted rotation ball blast, and stability is preferable.

Wherein, the axis of the axis of the expansion link 406 and the central shaft 404 is mutually perpendicular to, the central shaft 404 The direction of motion of axis and the hydraulic cylinder 401 is parallel to each other, and the axis of the screw rod 4104 and the long bolt 4114 is mutual Parallel and be mutually perpendicular to the axis of the pole 408, described second of length more than 2 times of the first placement plate 4101 is put Put the length of plate 4111.Workpiece is smoothly changed direction and angle when ensure that ball blast, screw rod and is placed the limitation of plate length and is made Workpiece will not produce interference between each other, avoid colliding between workpiece, improve the qualification rate of workpiece.

Wherein, the sliding equipment includes the first motor for being placed in the trapezoid block 9, first motor it is defeated Go out end and be connected with screw pair, the recovery plate 8 is separately fixed at the nut both sides of the screw pair, the nut The direction of motion is parallel with the symmetrical center line of two side doors 5.Sliding equipment is simple in construction, and stability is preferable, realizes firm ball Quick recovery, cost is relatively low.

Wherein, the one end of the housing 13 away from the circular hole 7 is provided with square groove 11, and the outer wall of housing 13 is provided with recovery Case 12, the housing 13 is connected with the collection box 12 by the square groove 11, the square groove 11 is symmetrically placed in described The both sides of trapezoid block 9.Ensure shot recycling easily and fast, reduce the workload of staff, improve operating efficiency.

Wherein, circular groove is provided with the fixed column 10, the circular groove coordinates with the gap of central shaft 404, the recovery The upper surface of plate 8 is inclined plane, and the width of the sealing plate 6 and the width of the slideway 14 are interference fitted, the fixed plate 402 It is identical with the length of the slideway 14 with the length sum of two sealing plates 6.Increase the stability that central shaft 4004 rotates, Service life is higher, and the sealing of the shot blast room under working condition is realized by rational structure design, have to existing equipment compared with High utilization rate, practicality is stronger, cost-effective, and the inclined setting in recovery surface ensure that firm ball can be all collected into back Receive in case 12, be not in recovery dead angle.

Wherein, the shot blast room is provided with control unit, the hydraulic cylinder 401, the motor 403 and described first electronic Machine electrically connects with described control unit respectively.The automation of equipment is realized, ensures the high-effect high-quality work of whole flow process, each portion Distribution is closed closely, and operating efficiency is higher.

Operation principle of the present utility model：As shown in figure 1, before use, check each several part whether can normal work, it is multiple Multi-faceted peener 4 is respectively placed in the different places of ring-shaped guide rail 1, and is rotated in a direction thereon, at least one more Orientation peener 4 is prepared to enter into shot blast room in front of shot blast room, when it is introduced into, ensures the most bottom of central shaft 404 Face is higher than the upper plane of fixed column 10, guarantees to smoothly enter shot blast room, the special-shaped workpiece for preparing ball blast is fixed to more On orientation peener 4, according to the characteristics of the size and polymorphic structure of workpiece, touched to upper, screw rod 4104 or long bolt 4114 are worn The through hole crossed on special-shaped workpiece is fixed, and first fixed mount 410 and the second fixed mount 411 are staggered in adjacent struts 408, It equally ensure that workpiece will not contact with each other, now hydraulic cylinder 401 is in contraction state, and the side door 5 of shot blast room is in opening state State, after workpiece is fixed, start control unit, drive multi-faceted peener 4 to be moved to shot blast room, after, in guarantee The axis of mandrel 404 overlaps with the axis of fixed column 10, stop motion, then controls hydraulic cylinder 401 to move downward, makes central shaft 404 bottoms are stretched into the groove of fixed column 10, complete to fix, and at the same time, fixed plate 402 is placed in slideway 14 matches somebody with somebody with its interference Close, the side door 5 of both sides is closed, the sealing plate 6 on side door 5 is equally interference fitted with slideway 14, the guarantee clamping of side door 5, two The length sum of sealing plate 6 and fixed plate 402 is equal to the length of slideway 14, completes the sealing on shot blast room top, ensures shot not It can leak out, after the completion of, control motor 403 to drive central shaft 404 to rotate by control unit, thereon the both sides of spider 405 Slip ring 407 rotated respectively on oppositely oriented screw thread, while spider close to each other 405 or remote, the He of expansion link 406 The upset of workpiece on fixed mount is realized in the setting guarantee rotary course of be hinged pole 408, the scope of upset is bigger, and shot goes out Mouth is inclined end face 2, end face 2 is parallel to each other with the axis of pole 408, ensures that shot vertical struts 408 project, then herein On the basis of adjust inclination angle scope, it is further to expand ball blast angle, realize ball blast of the special-shaped workpiece compared with multiaspect, improve ball blast essence To spend, after the completion of ball blast, the shot being scattered on the ground drives recovery plate 8 thereon to move by sliding equipment, when initial, recovery One end of plate 8 is affixed on end face 2, and gap coordinates between the two, and the other end is working face, has certain angle of inclination, ensures steel Ball recovery is not in dead angle, does not have some shots and can not reclaim and there is a situation where to reclaim dead angle, and the shot of recovery passes through Cross square groove 11 and enter collection box 12, then can be recycled, reduce the workload of staff, after the completion of ball blast, Side door 5 is opened, hydraulic cylinder 401 bounces back, and this multi-faceted peener 4 moves forward, and removes shot blast room, herein multi-faceted throwing During ball 4 ball blast of device, next multi-faceted peener 4 starts clamping workpiece, next after upper one removes shot blast room Carry out ball blast is repeated into shot blast room, circular orbit 1 is gone to after being come out from shot blast room and is carried out with the symmetrical one end of shot blast room Cooling, vanning is removed after the completion of cooling by workpiece, is recycled to and is carried out clamping workpiece in next step, and preparation carries out ball blast, followed again Ring is reciprocal, realizes the efficient ball blast work of batch.

Preferred embodiment of the present utility model is the foregoing is only, it is all at this not to limit the utility model Within the spirit and principle of utility model, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc., the utility model should be included in Protection domain within.

Claims (6)

1. A kind of 1. multi-faceted peener of irregularly-shaped castings, it is characterised in that：Including sliding block (3) and hydraulic cylinder placed below (401), the top of the hydraulic cylinder (401) is provided with fixed plate (402), and the fixed plate (402) is provided with motor (403), Central shaft (404) is connected with through the fixed plate (402) and the motor (403) output end, on the central shaft (404) Provided with spider (405), the expansion link (406) of the protruding multiple circle distributions in spider (405) side, the center It is placed on axle (404) at the spider (405) both sides and is rotatably connected to symmetrical slip ring (407), the expansion link (406) Pole (408), institute are hinged with by bearing pin (409) between one end and the slip ring (407) away from the spider (405) State pole (408) and be provided with multiple fixed mounts.
2. A kind of 2. multi-faceted peener of irregularly-shaped castings according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The spider (405) it is rotatablely connected by bearing and the central shaft (404), on the central shaft (404) of spider (405) both sides Provided with screw thread, the slip ring (407) is rotatablely connected on the screw thread.
3. A kind of 3. multi-faceted peener of irregularly-shaped castings according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The spider (405) thread rotary orientation of both sides is on the contrary, the expansion link (406) telescopic length is more than one side on the central shaft (404) Reach.
4. A kind of 4. multi-faceted peener of irregularly-shaped castings according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The pole (408) On fixed mount include being interspersed the first fixed mount (410) and the second fixed mount (411), first fixed mount (410) is wrapped The first locating dowel (4105) being detachably connected with the pole (408) is included, is fixed with first locating dowel (4105) One places plate (4101), and the both ends mirror image of the first placement plate (4101) is provided with fixing lock, and the fixing lock is fixed block (4103) and the first pillar (4102), it is rotatablely connected between the two by the screw rod (4104) of (4106) with handles, described second Fixed mount (411) includes the second locating dowel (4115) being detachably connected with the pole (408), second locating dowel (4115) the second placement plate (4111) is fixed with, centre is provided with spacing block (4112), institute on the second placement plate (4111) The both sides for stating spacing block (4112) mirror image are provided with the second pillar (4113), and long bolt (4114) passes through second pillar (4113) Closing space is formed with the spacing block (4112).
5. A kind of 5. multi-faceted peener of irregularly-shaped castings according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The expansion link (406) axis and the axis of the central shaft (404) are mutually perpendicular to, axis and the hydraulic cylinder of the central shaft (404) (401) the direction of motion is parallel to each other, the axis of the screw rod (4104) and the long bolt (4114) be parallel to each other and with institute The axis for stating pole (408) is mutually perpendicular to, and described first, which places described second of the length of plate (4101) more than 2 times, places plate (4111) length.
6. A kind of 6. multi-faceted peener of irregularly-shaped castings according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The hydraulic cylinder (401), the motor (403) electrically connects with control unit respectively.