CN2071190U - Small power saving distillation and extracting device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a minitype power saving device for extracting metallic elements with low boiling point (300 DEGC-1000DEGC) by means of distillation, which integrates a distillation retort, a condenser, a liquid storing tank, a rectifying tower, an upper tank, a lower tank, a recoverer, and a heat exchanger. The inner part of one heating furnace of the device is provided with at least one distillation retort and at least one rectifying tower, and each distillation retort is installed in an individual burning chamber; one end of the burning chamber is a nostril, the other end is a furnace door, and furnace gas in the burning chamber is led to the rectifying tower through a regulation hole. Therefore, energy is rationally used, and the problem of miniaturization of the device is solved.

Description

Small power saving distillation and extracting device

The utility model relates to a kind of device that refines lower boiling (300 ℃～1000 ℃) element with the distillatory method.

Refining element (as zinc, cadmium etc.) with the distillatory method generally adopts in the smeltery.But little, and far away when the refinement amount apart from large-scale smeltery, transport raw material and finished product back and forth and just adopt when uneconomical local method to refine, as dissolved method, little mould pot process, electrolytic process etc.These methods exist such problem: 1. the rate of recovery of element is low; 2. the purity that reclaims element is low; 3. rate of energy is low; 4. environmental pollution is difficult for solving.Thereby these methods are unsafty.

Certainly, in order to address the above problem, can adopt the device of big smeltery, set up sintering oven, distilling furnace, rectifying furnace, hotblast stove etc., can obtain the gratifying rate of recovery like this, very high finished product purity and higher energy utilization rate, but still need additional complicated environment protection treating equipment, moreover its superiority can not effectively be brought into play in small serial production, invests very greatly, loses more than gain.

The purpose of this utility model is exactly for a kind of device that can be used for refining short run element (as zinc, cadmium, lead etc.) is provided, the production level that this device can make the short run element refine, aspects such as purification degree, energy utilization rate and environmental pollution treatment at element recovery rate, element all can compare favourably with the level of large-scale smeltery.

The purpose of this utility model is achieved in that retort, condenser, reservoir, rectifying tower, upward jar (a finished product jar), following jar of (paying the product jar), withdrawer, heat exchanger are installed in the same device, utilize rational aggregate erection mode, solved the equipment miniaturization problem, element in device through second distillation, to improve the purity of element.

Reflux condensing tube has been installed in condenser, utilize the homoiothermy of its high thermal conductivity and its heat source side to guarantee that condenser can work under stable condensing temperature, and then guaranteed the primary recovery of element, withdrawer has been installed at exhaust vent place at condenser, can improve the comprehensive recovery of element, also alleviate environmental pollution simultaneously.

At least be provided with a retort and at least one rectifying tower in the process furnace in device, each retort is installed in the independent combustion chamber, and an end of combustion chamber is to burn to chew mouth, and the other end is a fire door.Furnace gas in each combustion chamber all leads to rectifying tower through an adjustment hole.So just reasonably utilize furnace gas temperature, reduced the process furnace volume, improved energy utilization rate.

The utility model is the packaged unit of a compact construction, independent completion, installs simply, can select different models and quantity for use according to the size of refinement amount, also can select for use several units to refine different elements simultaneously.

Concrete structure of the present utility model is provided by following examples and accompanying drawing thereof:

Fig. 1 is the elevation cross-sectional view of the utility model along Fig. 3 B-B line.

Fig. 2 is the elevation cross-sectional view of the utility model along Fig. 3 B '-B ' line.

Fig. 3 is the top plan view of Fig. 1 along the A-A line.

Fig. 4 is the top plan view of Fig. 1 along A '-A ' line.

Fig. 5 is the right pseudosection of Fig. 3 along the C-C line.

Fig. 6 is the structural representation according to a reflux condensing tube 7 that the utility model proposes.

Fig. 7 is the upward view of Fig. 6.

Details and working condition below in conjunction with Fig. 1～concrete device that 5 detailed description foundations the utility model proposes:

Comprise a furnace main body 1 in this device, two combustion chamber 3a, 3b in furnace main body 1, have been built by laying bricks or stones, in combustion chamber 3a, 3b, respectively place retort 2a, a 2b, combustion chamber 3a, 3b communicate with two adjustment hole 8a, 8b respectively, and the cross-sectional sizes of adjustment hole 8a, 8b is controlled by adjustable plate 9a, 9b respectively.

On two retort 2a, 2b top still tube 4a, a 4b are housed respectively, feed among corresponding condenser 5a, the 5b, condenser 5a, 5b communicate with adjacent withdrawer 6a, 6b respectively.Be separately installed with reflux condensing tube 7a, 7b among condenser 5a, the 5b, fluid tube 10a, 10b are housed respectively on condenser 5a, the 5b, two fluid tube 10a, 10b all feed and place two condenser 5a, 5b intermediary reservoir 11, fluid tube 12 is housed on the reservoir 11, and fluid tube 12 feeds in the rectifying tower 15.

Built rectifying tower 15 by laying bricks or stones in the middle of two combustion chamber 3a, 3b, rectifying tower 15 is made up of many centres dish with holes, and the upper end seals with rectifying cap 13.On the top of rectifying tower 15 jar 14 has been installed, time jar 16 has been installed in the bottom of rectifying tower 15.

The end of combustion chamber 3a, 3b has been built by laying bricks or stones to burn and has been chewed a mouthful 19a, 19b, and the other end is equipped with fire door 20a, 20b.

In the bottom of body of heater 1 heat exchanger 18 has been installed.

The flow direction of nozzle burning furnace gas is to select like this:

Along burning among the direction fuel shown in the arrow F and air admission 3b or the 3a, behind heating retort 2b or the 2a, by adjustment hole 8b or 8a, the flow of furnace gas is controlled by adjustable plate 9b or 9a along the direction shown in the arrow G.After furnace gas heats rectifying tower 15 and following jar 16 successively along the direction shown in the arrow H after by adjustment hole 8b or 8a, enter heat exchanger 18 along the direction shown in the arrow I, in heat exchanger 18, furnace gas enters flue with the combustion air preheating and along the direction shown in the arrow J.

The furnace gas of two combustion chamber 3a, 3b adds thermal rectification jar 15 through separately adjustment hole 8a, 8b respectively, when combustion chamber 3a of needs or 3b quit work, close its adjustment hole 8a, 8b, rectifying tower 15 still can keep works better by another combustion chamber 3b or 3a heat supplied.

Begin to illustrate the trend (with extracting zinc element from lead, zinc mixture is example, the distillation well afoot of the right retort 2b) of material now from the distillation flow process on the left side

At first close the burning on the left side and chew, close the adjustable plate 9a on the left side then, open fire door 20a,, eliminate a jar interior residue retort 2a unpacking.In the material tank filling, 2a seals with retort, and 20a closes with fire door.

Open adjustment hole 9a, the left side of igniting is burnt and is chewed, and mixes up heating retort 2a.

When material was heated to elements vaporization, the element steam rose along still tube 4a with other gas, enters among the condenser 5a.Because among the condenser 5a reflux condensing tube 7a is installed, element steam is with heat transferred reflux condensing tube 7a, self is cooled to liquid, flow to the bottom of condenser 5a.Element liquid the bottom of condenser 5a accumulate a certain amount of after, flow in the reservoir 11 along fluid tube 10a and to store.Residual gas among the condenser 5a and some element dust enter among the withdrawer 6a, and dust reclaims the bottom that accumulates in withdrawer 6a, regularly take out heavily refining, and gas is discharged along the direction shown in the arrow K.

Reservoir 11 has three effects, and the one, some need not distill, and only needs the material of rectifying directly to add thus; The 2nd, the element liquid level in the reservoir 11 causes faint malleation for two condenser 5a, 5b, and condenser 5a, 5b work under pressure-fired can avoid sucking air; The 3rd, the element fluid storage with two condenser 5a, 5b produce when rectifying tower 15 reaches rectification temperature, adds element liquid in the rectifying tower 15 through fluid tube 12.

After material flows into rectifying tower 15, in the evaporation of rectification temperature lower section, vaporised gas rises along the zigzaggery shown in the arrow L, and the high boiling point element is condensed into liquid in the way of rising, flow into downwards in following jar 16 below the rectifying tower 15, when reaching certain burden, emit from tap hole 17.Lower boiling element steam rises along zigzaggery always, enters in the jar 14 along rectifying cap 13, and the element steam is cooled to liquid in last jar 14, emit from tap hole 21 when reaching certain burden.

After the distillation of the material among the retort 2a finished, this still-process finished, and can begin next flow process.

The still-process of the retort 2a on the still-process of the retort 2b on the right and the top described left side is identical.

Describe the implementation detail and the working condition of the reflux condensing tube 7 that adopts in the utility model in detail below in conjunction with Fig. 6～7.

As Fig. 6～7, working medium 702 is housed in the body 701, body 701 bottoms are the heat source side 710 of finger-type, and the middle part is a neck 709, and top is heat remittance end 713.A cooling jacket 703 has been fixed with gasket 704, light pad 705, spring pad 706 and nut 707 by 713 places at heat remittance end, and stream has water coolant 708 in the cooling jacket 703.Body 701 tops are with screw thread 711, are seal heads 712 at top.

When the temperature of heat source side 710 was lower than working medium gas-liquid phase transition temperature, thermal conduction was mainly carried out through tube wall.The tube wall heat absorption of heat source side 710 is by columnar neck 709, with heat transferred cooling jacket 703, because neck 709 is longer, so little by the heat of this approach conduction.

When the temperature of heat source side 710 reached working temperature, heat reached working medium 702 through tube wall, working medium heat absorption and gasification, and refrigerant vapor arrives heat remittance end 713 through neck 709.Heat converges the tube wall of end by heat and passes to water coolant 708, and water coolant 708 flows and heat is taken away along the direction shown in the arrow M.The steam of working medium 702 converges in heat holds 713 places to be cooled to liquid, and this liquid is back to heat source side 710 under the effect of gravity.

Working medium 702 is converged the absorption and the release of the circulation of successive quality and latent heat of phase change between the end 713 in heat source side 710 and heat, and it is big not only to transmit heat, and automatic maintenance heat source side 710 homothermic characteristics are arranged.

Claims (2)

1, a kind of miniature energy-saving distillation device for refining, it includes retort, condenser, reservoir, rectifying tower, withdrawer, equipment such as heat exchanger, it is characterized in that: in a process furnace of this device, be provided with a retort at least and be provided with a rectifying tower at least, and each retort is installed in the independent combustion chamber, one end of combustion chamber is to burn to chew mouth, the other end is a fire door, the combustion chamber has adjustment hole to lead to rectifying tower, on the top of each retort a still tube is housed respectively, this still tube leads in the corresponding condenser, and reflux condensing tube is arranged in the condenser.

2, according to the described device of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the adjustment hole place on said combustion chamber is provided with the adjustable plate of adjustment aperture size.

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