CN207066935U - Unsaturated soil moisture based on Internet of Things infiltrates automatic measurement system - Google Patents
Unsaturated soil moisture based on Internet of Things infiltrates automatic measurement system Download PDFInfo
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- CN207066935U CN207066935U CN201720697805.5U CN201720697805U CN207066935U CN 207066935 U CN207066935 U CN 207066935U CN 201720697805 U CN201720697805 U CN 201720697805U CN 207066935 U CN207066935 U CN 207066935U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of unsaturated soil moisture based on Internet of Things to infiltrate automatic measurement system, and the water infiltration automatic measurement system includes Markov bottle, lift, earth pillar, gravity sensor, moisture transducer, counter, data acquisition and transmission device and terminal device etc..The utility model is based on technology of Internet of things, realizes automatically beginning to and stopping for experiment, and the automatic record of experimental data, transmission, constantly checks, greatly reduces experimental work amount.The water infiltration automatic measurement system is multiple functional, it is easy to install, the Infiltration process experiment under the conditions of different solutions concentration, different soils initial aqueous rate, different soils unit weight, different infiltration heads can be realized, there is automation, high efficiency, real-time, economy, reliability, be applicable for laminated soil, homogeneous soil.
Description
Technical field
It the utility model is related to Agricultural Water-Soil Engineering technical field, more particularly to a kind of unsaturated soil based on Internet of Things
Infiltration automatic measurement system.
Background technology
Infiltration is the important content of soil moisture research, which determines rainfall or irrigation water enters the quantity of soil,
Soil hydrodynamic parameters are dominate, have influence on the revenue and expenditure of moisture, and deep layer water storage.The infiltration process of soil moisture is studied to " four water "
(atmospheric water, surface water, the soil water, underground water) transforming relationship and agricultural water-saving irrigation have important meaning.Influence soil moisture
The principal element infiltrated is infiltration head, infiltrates solution concentration, soil initial aqueous rate, unit weight, soil salt content, the soil texture
Deng.Water infiltration is the process that moisture is entered in soil from earth's surface, is the important way of soil moisture supplement, while native
Earth Infiltration rate is also the basis for carrying out footpath stream calculation and irrigating douche selection.Therefore it is accurate to obtain soil moisture infiltration rate
Have the function that for research River Basin Hydrology cyclic process and farmland hydrologic cycle process basic.
2015, " internet+" action plan, agricultural water conservancy industry active response state are proposed in the government work report first
Family calls, and has carried out various forms of water conservancy internet+innovation activities, has planned traditional water conservancy industry research method and modern times is mutual
Networking technology is combined, and realizes the informationization, intellectuality, automation of construction of hydro project and scientific research field.Currently for field
The measuring method of soil moisture infiltration rate mainly has two kinds：A kind of is the double-ring infiltration method for carrying out field measurement, and one kind is geneva
Bottle water supply earth pillar method, either field or field soil Infiltration process experiment, realized there is presently no real from experiment
Solution formulation, data acquisition, data processing, data transfer, data analysis, the seamless connection of data access.
Utility model content
The utility model provides a kind of unsaturated soil moisture based on Internet of Things and infiltrates automatic measurement system, to solve
Prior art can not record water infiltration process, the high technical problem of manpower and materials cost automatically.
Embodiment of the present utility model provides a kind of unsaturated soil moisture based on Internet of Things and infiltrates automatic measurement system
System, including Markov bottle, lift, earth pillar, gravity sensor, moisture transducer, counter, data acquisition and transmission device and terminal
Equipment；
The Markov bottle is placed on the lift, and the lift is used for the height for adjusting the air inlet of the Markov bottle
Degree, the delivery port of the Markov bottle are connected with the water inlet of the earth pillar, and for being supplied water to the earth pillar, the Markov bottle is entered
Gas port is provided with magnetic valve, and the counter is connected between the magnetic valve and the terminal device, and the terminal device is used
In the unlatching and closing of the magnetic valve according to the counter default time control；
The gravity sensor is arranged on the bottom of the earth pillar, for measuring the change of the earth pillar quality, the water
Sub-sensor includes multiple probes, and multiple described pop one's head in insert the diverse location of the earth pillar respectively, for measuring the earth pillar
The change of middle soil moisture content, the gravity sensor and the moisture transducer will measure obtained data by signal wire
Send to the data acquisition and transmission device, the data acquisition and transmission device and be connected with the terminal device, for receiving
To data handled, obtain soil moisture infiltration rate data, and by the soil moisture infiltration rate data transfer to described
Terminal device is for inquiry.
Preferably, circular hole is provided with the top of the Markov bottle, is provided with rubber stopper in the circular hole, in the rubber stopper
Triangular funnel is installed, water intaking valve is installed on the tube wall of the triangular funnel, the triangular funnel is used for the Markov bottle
Add water, the air inlet and delivery port of the Markov bottle are separately positioned on the both sides of the bottom of the Markov bottle, the air inlet
Outside that intake valve is provided between the magnetic valve, the outside of the delivery port is provided with outlet valve, and the Markov bottle goes out
It is connected between the mouth of a river and the water inlet of the earth pillar by band tubing.
Preferably, the earth pillar includes being used to load the lucite cylinder of soil and ventilative bottom plate, and the earth pillar enters
The mouth of a river is arranged on the top of the lucite cylinder, and multiple air-vents, the lucite are provided with the ventilative bottom plate
The side of cylinder is provided with multiple through holes according to default spacing, and moisture transducer is inserted in each through hole
Probe.
Preferably, a sealing ring is additionally provided with each through hole, passes through institute between the through hole and the probe
State sealing ring to be sealed, making the material of the sealing ring includes organic silicone silica gel.
Preferably, the lift is turbine screw lift, and the bottom of the turbine screw lift is provided with fixation
Plate, lifting platform is provided with the top of the turbine screw lift, and the lifting platform is used to place the Markov bottle, the turbine
The turbine of screw lift is connected by worm screw with handwheel, and is driven and rotated by the handwheel.
Preferably, the data acquisition and transmission device includes signal picker, data logger and apparatus for transmitting signal, institute
State the data that signal picker is used to receive the gravity sensor and the moisture transducer measurement obtains, the data record
Instrument is used to handle the data received, obtains soil moisture infiltration rate data, and the apparatus for transmitting signal includes wireless
Signal projector and/or mobile memory, for the soil moisture infiltration rate data to be sent.
Preferably, the terminal device includes computer terminal, mobile phone terminal and printer, the computer terminal and the hand
Application software is installed in machine terminal, for the soil moisture infiltration rate data to be showed into use in the form of list or curve
Family is inquired about, and the printer is connected with the computer terminal and the mobile phone terminal, for exporting number in the form of paper document
According to.
The utility model is based on technology of Internet of things, realizes automatically beginning to and stopping for experiment, and experimental data from
Dynamic record, transmission, constantly check, greatly reduce experimental work amount.The water infiltration automatic measurement system function is neat
Entirely, it is easy to install, it is possible to achieve different solutions concentration, different soils initial aqueous rate, different soils unit weight, difference are infiltrated
Infiltration process experiment under head condition, there is automation, high efficiency, real-time, economy, reliability, it is right
It is applicable in laminated soil, homogeneous soil.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to illustrate more clearly of the technical scheme of the utility model embodiment, below by the utility model embodiment
The required accompanying drawing used is briefly described in description, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only that this practicality is new
Some embodiments of type, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without having to pay creative labor, can be with
Other accompanying drawings are obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is that the unsaturated soil moisture based on Internet of Things that the utility model embodiment provides infiltrates automatic measurement system
Structural representation；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of Markov bottle in the utility model embodiment；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of earth pillar in the utility model embodiment；
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of lift in the utility model embodiment；
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of data acquisition and transmission device and terminal device in the utility model embodiment；
Fig. 6 is that the unsaturated soil moisture based on Internet of Things that the utility model embodiment provides infiltrates method for automatic measurement
Flow chart；
Fig. 7 A, Fig. 7 B, Fig. 7 C are that the utility model embodiment reclaimed water is divided into and oozes wetting front, cumulative infiltration, infiltrates respectively
Rate and time chart；
Fig. 8 A, Fig. 8 B, Fig. 8 C, Fig. 8 D are cumulative infiltration and infiltration head in the utility model embodiment respectively, infiltrated
Solution concentration, soil initial aqueous rate, soil weight graph of a relation.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the utility model embodiment, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the utility model is carried out
Clearly and completely describe, it is clear that described embodiment is the utility model part of the embodiment, rather than whole implementation
Example.Based on the embodiment in the utility model, those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made
The every other embodiment obtained, belong to the scope of the utility model protection.
Embodiment of the present utility model provides a kind of unsaturated soil moisture based on Internet of Things and infiltrates automatic measurement system
System, as shown in figure 1, the system include Markov bottle 1, lift 2, earth pillar 3, gravity sensor 4, moisture transducer 5, counter 6,
Data acquisition and transmission device 7 and terminal device 8；
Markov bottle 1 is placed on lift 2, and lift 2 is used for the height for adjusting the air inlet of Markov bottle 1, Markov bottle 1
Delivery port is connected with the water inlet of earth pillar 3, and for being supplied water to earth pillar 3, the air inlet of Markov bottle 1 is provided with magnetic valve 101, counts
Device 6 is connected between magnetic valve 101 and terminal device 8, and terminal device 8 is used for according to the default time control electromagnetism of counter 6
The unlatching and closing of valve 101；
Gravity sensor 4 is arranged on the bottom of earth pillar 3, and for measuring the change of the mass of earth pillar 3, moisture transducer 5 includes
Multiple probes, multiple probes insert the diverse location of earth pillar 3 respectively, for measuring the change of soil moisture content in earth pillar 3,
Gravity sensor 4 and moisture transducer 5 are sent to data acquisition and transmission device 7 by signal wire by obtained data are measured,
Data acquisition and transmission device 7 is connected with terminal device 8, for handling the data received, obtains water infiltration
Rate data, and by the soil moisture infiltration rate data transfer to terminal device 8 for inquiry.
Here moisture transducer 5 can also use solute sensor.
In the utility model embodiment, terminal device 8 is according to experiment start and end time of setting to magnetic valve 101
Instruction is sent, automatically beginning to and stopping for experiment is realized with this；Gravity sensor 4 and moisture transducer 5 are connected by signal wire
It is connected in data acquisition and transmission device 7, raw measurement data is converted into the data related to water infiltration, then passed through
Transmission network is sent to terminal device 8, finally realizes the automatic record and data transfer of water infiltration process.
The utility model is based on technology of Internet of things, realizes automatically beginning to and stopping for experiment, and experimental data from
Dynamic record, transmission, constantly check, greatly reduce experimental work amount.The water infiltration automatic measurement system function is neat
Entirely, it is easy to install, it is possible to achieve different solutions concentration, different soils initial aqueous rate, different soils unit weight, difference are infiltrated
Infiltration process experiment under head condition, there is automation, high efficiency, real-time, economy, reliability, it is right
It is applicable in laminated soil, homogeneous soil.
Preferably, as shown in Fig. 2 the top of Markov bottle 1 is provided with circular hole, rubber stopper 102, rubber are provided with the circular hole
Triangular funnel 103 is installed in leather plug 102, water intaking valve 104 is installed on the tube wall of triangular funnel 103, triangular funnel 103 is used for
To Markov bottle 1 plus water, the air inlet and delivery port of Markov bottle 1 are separately positioned on the both sides of the bottom of Markov bottle 1, the air inlet
Outside and magnetic valve 101 between intake valve 105 is installed, the outside of the delivery port is provided with outlet valve 106, Markov bottle 1
Delivery port and the water inlet of earth pillar 3 between be connected by band tubing 107.
As a kind of specific implementation of the utility model embodiment, the geneva bottle height 1m, diameter 25cm, top is opened
One diameter 25mm circular hole insertion rubber stopper 102, the bottom left of Markov bottle 1 are opened a diameter 2mm air admission holes, tapped into outside air admission hole
Air valve 105 and magnetic valve 101, the bottom right of Markov bottle 1 open a diameter 5mm delivery ports, outlet valve are installed outside delivery port
106。
Before experiment starts, intake valve 105 and outlet valve 106 are closed, opens water intaking valve 104, by triangular funnel 103 to horse
Family name's bottle 1 plus water；Water intaking valve 104 is closed after topped up with water, opens outlet valve 106, at this moment has a small amount of water to be flowed out from delivery port, waits until out
The mouth of a river no longer there are flowing out, and illustrate that pressure is identical inside and outside Markov bottle 1, close intake valve 105；Experiment opens water intaking valve after starting
104 and intake valve 105, unlatching that terminal device 8 is set according to counter 6, shut-in time, send and instruct to magnetic valve 101, with
This realizes automatically beginning to and terminating for permeability intensity.
Preferably, as shown in figure 3, earth pillar 3 includes being used for the lucite cylinder 301 and ventilative bottom plate 302 for loading soil,
The water inlet of earth pillar 3 is arranged on the top of lucite cylinder 301, and multiple air-vents, organic glass are provided with ventilative bottom plate 302
The side of glass cylinder 301 is provided with multiple through holes according to default spacing, and a moisture transducer 5 is inserted in each through hole
Probe.
Further, a sealing ring 303 is additionally provided with each through hole, led between the through hole and the probe
Cross sealing ring 303 to be sealed, making the material of sealing ring 303 includes organic silicone silica gel.
Preferably, the gravity sensor 4 in Fig. 1 is disc type gravity sensor, and placing a pallet thereon (prevents the water of seepage
Divide and sensor caused to damage), the earth pillar 3 filled is placed above in pallet.
As a kind of specific implementation of the utility model embodiment, 301 high 120cm of lucite cylinder, diameter
25cm, a diameter 1cm manholes are driven in cylinder side at interval of 5cm, for inserting the probe of moisture transducer 5, cylinder bottom
Ventilative bottom plate be to reduce influence of the air drag to Infiltration in moisture infitration process.According to the soil of experiment setting
Per 5cm fill compactions as unsaturation band, soil surface is used as and infiltrated unit weight on lucite cylinder 301 along reserved 20cm
Ponding layer.The organic silicone silica gel sealing ring is used to prevent Infiltration water from distributing.
Preferably, as shown in figure 4, the lift is turbine screw lift, the bottom of the turbine screw lift
Fixed plate 201 is provided with, lifting platform 202 is provided with the top of the turbine screw lift, lifting platform 202 is described for placing
Markov bottle, the turbine 203 of the turbine screw lift is connected by worm screw 204 with handwheel 205, and drives rotation by handwheel 205
Turn.Specifically, the turbine screw lift also includes worm-wheel shaft 206, gear 207, gear shaft 208, lifting shaft 209, bearing
210 etc., the air inlet open height of Markov bottle is adjusted by rotating handwheel 205, when Markov bottle is higher by Soil Interface to setting head,
Now the difference in height between Markov bottle air inlet and soil surface is infiltration head.
Here the unit of head is m, and head is the energy of Unit Weight water at arbitrary cross-section, equal to than energy (unit matter
Measure the energy of water) divided by acceleration of gravity.
Preferably, as shown in figure 5, data acquisition and transmission device 7 includes signal picker 701, data logger 702 and letter
Number send equipment, signal picker 701 is used to receiving gravity sensor and data that moisture transducer measurement obtains, data record
Instrument 702 is used to handle the data received, obtains soil moisture infiltration rate data, the apparatus for transmitting signal includes nothing
Line signal projector 703 and/or mobile memory 704 (such as USB flash disk), for the soil moisture infiltration rate data to be sent out
Go.
Specifically, gravity sensor and moisture/solute sensor pass through signal wire and the respective phase of signal picker 701
Even, the voltage signal or conductivity signal gathered is transferred to signal picker 701, signal picker 701 by signal wire
Different sampling intervals (- 1 hour 2 seconds) can be set according to requirement of experiment；Signal picker 701 is logical with data logger 702
Cross signal wire to be connected, the voltage data received, conductivity data are converted into cumulative infiltration, wet by data logger 702
Moisten the data such as cutting edge of a knife or a sword, infiltration rate, (do not possess wireless signal or wireless by wireless signal transmitter 703 or mobile memory 704
In the case of signal fault) two ways sends.
Preferably, as shown in figure 5, terminal device 8 includes computer terminal 801, mobile phone terminal 802 and printer 803, computer
Application software is installed on terminal 801 and mobile phone terminal 802, for by the soil moisture infiltration rate data with list or curve
Form show user to inquire about, printer 803 is connected with computer terminal 801 and mobile phone terminal 802, for paper document
Form output data.Caused data file can be named automatically according to the time or User Defined name, and with Excel
Or TXT forms export.
In summary, the water infiltration automatic measurement system that the utility model embodiment is provided is multiple functional, peace
Fill it is easy to use, it is applied widely, there is automation, high efficiency, real-time, economy, reliability.
Embodiment of the present utility model additionally provides a kind of unsaturated soil moisture based on Internet of Things and infiltrates automatic measurement
Method, the water infiltration automatic measurement system that this method is provided based on the utility model embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, institute
The method of stating comprises the following steps：
Banketed according to the soil weight of experiment setting into earth pillar；
Solution is configured according to the concentration of experiment setting, loads Markov bottle；
The Markov bottle is placed on lift, the height of the lift is adjusted according to the head of experiment setting；
Terminal device according to counter default time control Markov bottle solenoid open, make the Markov bottle to
The earth pillar feed flow；
The change of the earth pillar quality is measured using gravity sensor, soil in the earth pillar is measured using moisture transducer
The change of moisture content, and the data that measurement is obtained are sent to data acquisition and transmission device；
The data acquisition and transmission device is handled the data received, obtains soil moisture infiltration rate data, and
By the soil moisture infiltration rate data transfer to the terminal device for inquiry；
After measurement terminates, terminal device Markov bottle solenoid according to the default time control of counter is closed.
Water infiltration method for automatic measurement provided by the utility model can simulate different solutions concentration, different soil
The influence of earth initial aqueous rate, different soils unit weight, the first-class condition of different Infiltration waters to Infiltration process, based on Internet of Things skill
Art, in conjunction with well mixed contrived experiment scheme, automatically beginning to and stopping for experiment can be realized, and experimental data is automatic
Record, transmission, constantly check, greatly reduce experimental work amount, be applicable for laminated soil, homogeneous soil.
Preferably, the change that the earth pillar quality is measured using gravity sensor, institute is measured using moisture transducer
The step of stating the change of soil moisture content in earth pillar, including：
Quality signal is converted to using the gravity sensor collection voltages signal, and by the voltage signal；
Mass change amount of the earth pillar in preset time is calculated according to the quality signal；
The conductivity signal in the earth pillar at different height is detected using the moisture transducer；
Soil moisture content variable quantity in the earth pillar at different height is calculated according to the conductivity signal.
Preferably, the data acquisition and transmission device is handled the data received, obtains soil moisture infiltration rate
The step of data, including：
Cumulative infiltration is calculated according to mass change amount of the earth pillar in preset time；
Wetting front is calculated according to the soil moisture content variable quantity in the earth pillar at different height；
Establish the cumulative infiltration, the wetting front and the soil weight, the concentration of the solution, the head it
Between multi-parameter nonlinear model；
Multiple regression analysis is carried out to the multi-parameter nonlinear model, obtains soil moisture infiltration rate data.
The utility model method is explained in detail with a specific embodiment below.
First, using the uniform design software arrangement experimental programs of Uniform Design 5.0, in the utility model one
In embodiment, influence the factor of Infiltration rate for the soil weight, initial aqueous rate, infiltration head, infiltrate solution concentration 4
Factor, experimental program of 1,3,4,5 row as four factors is selected by uniform designs table 1, of the present utility model another real
In proved recipe case, the soil weight, infiltration head take 5 levels, and initial aqueous rate and solution concentration take 10 levels, due to two groups
Factor level differs, and two adjacent levels can be merged into a level, then finally according to well mixed design philosophy for this
Experimental program it is as shown in table 2.
The U of table 110 *(108) use table
The well mixed design table of table 2
Specifically, wetting front, cumulative infiltration, the specific calculating process of infiltration rate are as follows during water infiltration：
The first step：The voltage data that gravity sensor gathers is converted into earth pillar mass change data, i.e. data logger
The voltage signal U of collection is converted into by quality signal M (k, α are setup parameter) according to below equation.
M=kU+ α (1.1)
Second step：Calculate t earth pillar mass change amount.
Δ M=Mt-M0 (1.2)
In formula：Δ M is earth pillar mass change amount (kg)；MtFor t earth pillar quality (kg)；M0For earth pillar initial mass
(kg)。
3rd step：Calculate t cumulative infiltration and wetting front.
Cumulative infiltration is that the amount of infiltrating water (cm) in earth pillar unit area, its calculation formula are as follows in measuring section：
In formula：ItFor soil cumulative infiltration (cm) in the t periods；VtFor in the t periods enter soil in water (from geneva
The volume of bottle outflow water, cm3)；A is that the inner section of earth pillar accumulates (cm2)；ρ is Markov bottle solution density.
When moisture reaches probe positions, the soil moisture content on moisture transducer probe periphery can be changed, and moisture content is opened
The time for beginning to change is the time corresponding to the wetting front.
It is assumed that cumulative infiltration, wetting front and time meet formula power function relationship：
I=ktω+b (1.4)
Z=Ktν+B (1.5)
In formula：I is cumulative infiltration；Z is wetting front；K and K is respectively the coefficient of cumulative infiltration and wetting front model,
ω and ν is the index of time, and b and B are constant.
The n time point t obtained according to gravity sensor1,t2,t3,...tn-1,tnAnd corresponding cumulative infiltration I1,
I2,I3,...In-1,In, it is fitted using matla parameter fittings tool box cftool, can obtain cumulative infiltration with
Time relationship model.N moisture transducer moisture content is equally started to the time t of change1,t2,t3,...tn-1,tnAnd moisture
Sensor is intended it using matlab parameter fittings tool box cftool in the position (from top to bottom) corresponding to earth pillar
Close, can wetting front and time relationship model in acquisition formula.
4th step：Establish wetting front, cumulative infiltration multi-parameter nonlinear model.
It is assumed that wetting front, cumulative infiltration and solution concentration, head, initial aqueous rate, the soil weight meet following relation：
Z=kCαhβθφγμtω (1.7)
In formula, Z is wetting front, and C is solution concentration (g/L), and h is head (cm)；θ is moisture content；γ is unit weight (g/
cm3)；T is to infiltrate the time (min)；K is wetting front model coefficient, and K is cumulative infiltration model coefficient；α, β, φ, μ, ω distinguish
For the index corresponding to wetting front model influence factor；Respectively corresponding to cumulative infiltration model influence factor
Index.
Because infiltration rate is that cumulative infiltration (to time t) derivative, derivation is carried out to formula (1.8), can obtain infiltration rate public affairs
Formula：
5th step：Multiple regression analysis
Formula (1.7) and formula (1.8) both sides are taken the logarithm：
LogZ=logk+ α logC+ β logh+ φ log θ+μ log γ+ω logt (1.10)
Example 1：Solution concentration, infiltration head, soil initial aqueous rate, the soil weight are infiltrated corresponding to 10 groups of experiments such as
Shown in table 3, by the data of table 2 and the cumulative infiltration of 10 groups of gravity sensor actual measurements, the wetting front data that moisture transducer measures
Formula (1.7), formula (1.8) are substituted into respectively, and multiple regression analysis is carried out according to formula (1.10) and formula (1.11) to it, obtains formula
(1.12), wetting front, cumulative infiltration and solution concentration shown in formula (1.13), head, initial aqueous rate, soil weight relation letter
Number relational expression, parameter substitution formula (1.9) is obtained into infiltration rate formula (1.14).
Z=1.868C-0.326h0.261θ-0.0365γ-0.0182t0.569 (1.12)
I=1.107C-0.302h0.224θ-0.0205γ-0.0126t0.503 (1.13)
I=1.107C-0.302h0.224θ-0.0205γ-0.0126t-0.493 (1.14)
Table 3 designs table with 10 horizontal are well mixed
| Experiment numbers | Concentration/g/L | Moisture content/% | Head/cm | Unit weight/g.cm-3 |
| 1 | 2 | 5 | 3.0 | 1.35 |
| 2 | 4 | 8 | 6.0 | 1.45 |
| 3 | 6 | 11 | 1.5 | 1.3 |
| 4 | 8 | 3 | 4.5 | 1.45 |
| 5 | 10 | 6 | 7.5 | 1.3 |
| 6 | 12 | 9 | 1.5 | 1.4 |
| 7 | 14 | 12 | 4.5 | 1.25 |
| 8 | 16 | 4 | 7.5 | 1.4 |
| 9 | 18 | 7 | 3.0 | 1.25 |
| 10 | 20 | 10 | 6.0 | 1.35 |
Infiltration wetting front, cumulative infiltration, infiltration rate and time relationship such as Fig. 7 A for being measured using said system,
Shown in Fig. 7 B, Fig. 7 C, cumulative infiltration and infiltration head, solution concentration, soil initial aqueous rate, soil weight relation are infiltrated such as
Fig. 8 A, Fig. 8 B, Fig. 8 C, shown in Fig. 8 D.
In summary, it is dense can to simulate different solutions for water infiltration method for automatic measurement provided by the utility model
Degree, the influence of different soils initial aqueous rate, different soils unit weight, the first-class condition of different Infiltration waters to Infiltration process, base
In technology of Internet of things, in conjunction with well mixed contrived experiment scheme, automatically beginning to and stopping for experiment, and experiment can be realized
The automatic records of data, transmission, constantly check, greatly reduce experimental work amount, be applicable for laminated soil, homogeneous soil.
Above-described embodiment, the purpose of this utility model, technical scheme and beneficial effect are entered
One step describes in detail, should be understood that and the foregoing is only specific embodiment of the present utility model, is not used to limit
Determine the scope of protection of the utility model, it is all within the spirit and principles of the utility model, any modification for being made, equally replace
Change, improve, should be included within the scope of protection of the utility model.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of unsaturated soil moisture based on Internet of Things infiltrates automatic measurement system, it is characterised in that including Markov bottle, rises
Drop machine, earth pillar, gravity sensor, moisture transducer, counter, data acquisition and transmission device and terminal device；
The Markov bottle is placed on the lift, and the lift is used for the height for adjusting the air inlet of the Markov bottle,
The delivery port of the Markov bottle is connected with the water inlet of the earth pillar, for being supplied water to the earth pillar, the air inlet of the Markov bottle
Mouth is provided with magnetic valve, and the counter is connected between the magnetic valve and the terminal device, and the terminal device is used for
According to the unlatching and closing of magnetic valve described in the default time control of the counter；
The gravity sensor is arranged on the bottom of the earth pillar, and for measuring the change of the earth pillar quality, the moisture passes
Sensor includes multiple probes, and multiple described pop one's head in insert the diverse location of the earth pillar respectively, native in the earth pillar for measuring
The change of earth moisture content, the gravity sensor and the moisture transducer are sent by signal wire by obtained data are measured
To the data acquisition and transmission device, the data acquisition and transmission device is connected with the terminal device, for receiving
Data are handled, and obtain soil moisture infiltration rate data, and by the soil moisture infiltration rate data transfer to the terminal
Equipment is for inquiry.
2. the unsaturated soil moisture according to claim 1 based on Internet of Things infiltrates automatic measurement system, its feature exists
In, circular hole is provided with the top of the Markov bottle, rubber stopper is provided with the circular hole, be provided with the rubber stopper triangle leakage
Struggle against, water intaking valve is installed on the tube wall of the triangular funnel, the triangular funnel is used to add water, the geneva to the Markov bottle
The air inlet and delivery port of bottle are separately positioned on the both sides of the bottom of the Markov bottle, the outside of the air inlet and the electromagnetism
Intake valve is installed, the outside of the delivery port is provided with outlet valve, the delivery port of the Markov bottle and the earth pillar between valve
Water inlet between be connected by band tubing.
3. the unsaturated soil moisture according to claim 1 based on Internet of Things infiltrates automatic measurement system, its feature exists
In the earth pillar includes being used to load the lucite cylinder of soil and ventilative bottom plate, and the water inlet of the earth pillar is arranged on institute
The top of lucite cylinder is stated, multiple air-vents are provided with the ventilative bottom plate, the side of the lucite cylinder is pressed
Default spacing is provided with multiple through holes, the probe of a moisture transducer is inserted in each through hole.
4. the unsaturated soil moisture according to claim 3 based on Internet of Things infiltrates automatic measurement system, its feature exists
In being additionally provided with a sealing ring in each through hole, carried out between the through hole and the probe by the sealing ring
Sealing, making the material of the sealing ring includes organic silicone silica gel.
5. the unsaturated soil moisture according to claim 1 based on Internet of Things infiltrates automatic measurement system, its feature exists
In the lift is turbine screw lift, and the bottom of the turbine screw lift is provided with fixed plate, the turbine silk
Lifting platform is provided with the top of bar lift, the lifting platform is used to place the Markov bottle, the turbine screw lift
Turbine is connected by worm screw with handwheel, and is driven and rotated by the handwheel.
6. the unsaturated soil moisture according to claim 1 based on Internet of Things infiltrates automatic measurement system, its feature exists
In the data acquisition and transmission device includes signal picker, data logger and apparatus for transmitting signal, the signal picker
For the data for receiving the gravity sensor and the moisture transducer measurement obtains, the data logger is used for receiving
To data handled, obtain soil moisture infiltration rate data, the apparatus for transmitting signal include wireless signal transmitter and/
Or mobile memory, for the soil moisture infiltration rate data to be sent.
7. the unsaturated soil moisture according to claim 6 based on Internet of Things infiltrates automatic measurement system, its feature exists
In the terminal device includes computer terminal, mobile phone terminal and printer, is installed on the computer terminal and the mobile phone terminal
There is application software, it is described for showing user to inquire about in the form of list or curve the soil moisture infiltration rate data
Printer is connected with the computer terminal and the mobile phone terminal, for the output data in the form of paper document.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201720697805.5U CN207066935U (en) | 2017-06-15 | 2017-06-15 | Unsaturated soil moisture based on Internet of Things infiltrates automatic measurement system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107247018A (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2017-10-13 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Unsaturated soil moisture based on Internet of Things infiltrates automatic measurement system and method |
| CN110514361A (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2019-11-29 | 中国科学院城市环境研究所 | A kind of salt pan leakage method for early warning and device based on environment technology of Internet of things |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107247018A (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2017-10-13 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Unsaturated soil moisture based on Internet of Things infiltrates automatic measurement system and method |
| CN107247018B (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2023-10-17 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Unsaturated soil moisture infiltration automatic measurement system and method based on Internet of Things |
| CN110514361A (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2019-11-29 | 中国科学院城市环境研究所 | A kind of salt pan leakage method for early warning and device based on environment technology of Internet of things |
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