CN207021670U - Neutral electrode interconnects pressure-sensitive overvoltage surge protection circuit - Google Patents
Neutral electrode interconnects pressure-sensitive overvoltage surge protection circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN207021670U CN207021670U CN201720029248.XU CN201720029248U CN207021670U CN 207021670 U CN207021670 U CN 207021670U CN 201720029248 U CN201720029248 U CN 201720029248U CN 207021670 U CN207021670 U CN 207021670U
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Abstract
A kind of neutral electrode interconnects pressure-sensitive overvoltage surge protection circuit, including two or more piezoresistor is made up of in parallel, series connection or connection in series-parallel, and it is respectively reached：1), piezoresistor meets that regulation requires；2), overvoltage surge protection circuit meets that regulation requires.This technology can improve the tolerance of pressure-sensitive device and the ability of shock resistance electric current, greatly reduce residual voltage, significantly reduce by the cost of protection circuit, extend the protection circuit life-span.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to electronic technology field, more particularly to overvoltage protection correlation technique.
Technical background
Electronic product be unable to do without surge voltage protection, as the main element of current surge voltage protection, ZnO varistor
Device is after the end of the sixties in last century comes out, and dosage is just as electronics and IT products are grown simultaneously.In 220 (240) V power frequency supplies
In circuit, people at the beginning be pressure sensitive voltage (Un) be 470V piezoresistor, it is residual under nominal discharge current
Press (limitation voltage) generally 1100V.But they are using scene on fire, cause the accident of serious consequence to happen occasionally.Then
It is 620V, 680V that the specification of piezoresistor in 220 (240) V circuits, which steps up Un,.This measure is effective, pole
The earth reduces the probability of fire accident, but residual voltage correspondingly brings up to 1400V, 1500V.The increase of residual voltage means its other party
Face added cost and the increase of whole small product size.In recent years, under miniaturization of electronic products and the pressure of cost declining, " drop residual voltage "
As piezo-resistance manufacture and the common heat subject of application field.
Reduce the meaning at least following aspect of residual voltage:
Firstth, the proof voltage grade of protected device reduces, and cost declines, and physical dimension reduces.
Secondth, the air gap of piezo-resistance installation position, creep age distance and disruptive test voltage accordingly reduce, and this will
Decline the cost of whole equipment, physical dimension reduces.
3rd, be advantageous to whole product miniaturization.
Residual voltage of the piezo-resistance under certain pulse current is reduced, mainly there are three technological approaches at present：
1st, the pulse current density for flowing through piezoresistor is reduced；That is, under conditions of pulse current is given, increase
The electrode area of big piezoresistor.This can have two kinds of ways：First, using single large scale piezoresistor；Second, adopt
With the parallel combination of multiple small size piezoresistors.
2nd, from the low piezoresistor of pressure sensitive voltage (Un), this includes two layers of meaning；The specification of low nominal voltage, or together
Negative common difference Un products in one specification.
3rd, manufacturing technology is changed；Change the residual voltage ratio under rated current by adjusting ceramic formula and production technology.It is existing
Capable industrial production piezoresistor, the residual voltage ratio generally 2.2~2.7 under nominal discharge current, that is to say, that material formula
Adjusting range with production technology to residual voltage, only 23% or so.
Three kinds of working conditions of piezo-resistance and a selection Un basic contradiction：
When considering the low residual voltage application of piezoresistor, it is necessary to understand its working condition, and residual voltage and pressure sensitive voltage
Un relation.Piezoresistor on the supply voltage in parallel, it is interim in its whole service life, according to acting on above it
The difference of electric stress, three kinds of working conditions can be divided into：
1st, wait state：Only power-supply system voltage stress, calculated by maximum continuous operating voltage (MCOV), stress intensity
Depending on " pressurizeing than Rap=MCOV/Un ".Rap is bigger, and stress is harsher, shows as aging quickening, the lost of life.From this point
Set out, it is total to wish to reduce Rap values, that is, improve Un values.
2nd, surge suppression status：" MCOV+ pulse currents " two kinds of electric stress act on simultaneously.For this working condition, people
Be most concerned with residual voltage Ucla=Rcla × Un under certain pulse current.From residual voltage Ucla is reduced as far as possible, this is pointed out
Hair, it is total to wish to reduce Un values.
3rd, temporary overvoltage tolerance status：Electric stress is temporary overvoltage UTOV；Stress intensity depends on " voltage ratio
RTOV=UTOV/Un ", RTOV are bigger, and stress is harsher, the easier thermal runaway of piezo-resistance and damage.From this starting point, always
Wish to reduce RTOV values, that is, improve Un values.
Analysis shows above, three kinds of working conditions of piezo-resistance be for pressure sensitive voltage Un desired value it is different,
Wait state and temporary overvoltage tolerance status it is expected that Un takes large values, and surge suppression status it is expected that Un gets the small value.This is pressure-sensitive
The basic contradiction faced in resistance application design.In the design of drop residual voltage, it is necessary to which this contradiction is handled in compromise well, is reached
Residual voltage can drop, and and can ensures the security under the MTTF (mean free error time) and predetermined TOV stress of requirement.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is in view of the shortcomings of the prior art, there is provided a kind of series parallel structure by pressure-sensitive device is real
The now shunting partial pressure uniform flow effect to dash current, further through the space geometric position of pressure-sensitive device, realize protection network
On circuit impedance and electromagnetic field balance, while use pressure-sensitive subdivision interleaving techniques, realize the balance of pressure-sensitive of parameter fluctuation.
The tolerance of pressure-sensitive device and the ability of shock resistance electric current are improved, and reduces residual voltage, is significantly reduced by protection circuit
Cost, the neutral electrode for extending the protection circuit life-span interconnects pressure-sensitive overvoltage surge protection circuit.
The utility model purpose can be achieved through the following technical solutions, and a kind of neutral electrode interconnects pressure-sensitive overvoltage surge
Protection circuit, its described circuit includes what two or more piezoresistor was made up of in parallel, series connection or connection in series-parallel, each in circuit
The locus of piezoresistor is symmetrical, each corresponding position in the impedance balance of each correspondence position piezoresistor, circuit in circuit
Put induced electromotive force caused by the dash current of piezoresistor balanced on each piezoresistor, each correspondence position in circuit
Piezoresistor connecting lead wire equal length, diameter is identical, impedance identical circuit.
Described neutral electrode interconnects pressure-sensitive overvoltage surge protection circuit, and its overvoltage surge protection circuit includes two groups
The piezoresistor of series connection, the piezoresistor of each series connection group is more than three, and two series connection groups are in parallel again, and two parallel connected ends are the wave
Come through input, the output end of voltage protection circuit；The connection end of one two piezoresistors in series connection group bottom, with another group of top
The connection end electrical connection of two, portion piezoresistor；The connection end of two piezoresistors, connects with another at the top of one series connection group
The connection end electrical connection of the individual piezoresistor of group bottom；Form interconnection combination.
Described neutral electrode interconnects pressure-sensitive overvoltage surge protection circuit, and its overvoltage surge protection circuit includes two groups
The piezoresistor of series connection, the piezoresistor of each series connection group are more than three, the connection of two series connection group one end, as input,
Input of the other end respectively as the overvoltage surge protection circuit；The connection of one two piezoresistors in series connection group bottom
End, electrically connected with the connection end of two piezoresistors at the top of another group of connecting；One series connection group, two, top piezoresistor
Connection end, electrically connected with the connection end of two piezoresistors of another group bottom of connecting；Form interconnection combination.
Described neutral electrode interconnects pressure-sensitive overvoltage surge protection circuit, and its overvoltage surge protection circuit includes two groups
The piezoresistor of series connection, the piezoresistor of each series connection group are more than three, the connection of two series connection group one end, as input,
Input of the other end respectively as the overvoltage surge protection circuit；The connection of one two piezoresistors in series connection group bottom
End, electrically connected with the connection end of another piezoresistor of group bottom two of connecting；One series connection group, two, top piezoresistor
Connection end, electrically connected with the connection end of two piezoresistors at the top of another group of connecting；Form parallel connection combination.
Described neutral electrode interconnects pressure-sensitive overvoltage surge protection circuit, and its overvoltage surge protection circuit includes two groups
The piezoresistor of series connection, the piezoresistor of each series connection group are more than three, the connection of two series connection group one end, as input,
Input of the other end respectively as the overvoltage surge protection circuit；The connection of one two piezoresistors in series connection group bottom
End, electrically connected with the connection end of two piezoresistors at the top of another group of connecting；One series connection group, two, top piezoresistor
Connection end, electrically connected with the connection end of two piezoresistors of another group bottom of connecting；Two pressure-sensitive electricity at the top of one series connection group
The connection end of device is hindered, is electrically connected with the input of another group of connecting, the input of a series connection group, with two at the top of another group of connecting
The connection end electrical connection of piezoresistor.
The utility model advantage is, improves the tolerance of pressure-sensitive device and the ability of shock resistance electric current, and reduce
Residual voltage, significantly reduce by the cost of protection circuit, extend the protection circuit life-span.
Brief description of the drawings：
Fig. 1 is a kind of circuit theory schematic diagram of the present utility model；
Fig. 2 is another circuit theory schematic diagram of the present utility model；
Fig. 3 is another circuit theory schematic diagram of the present utility model；
Fig. 4 is another circuit theory schematic diagram of the present utility model；
Fig. 5 is a kind of concrete application circuit theory schematic diagram of overvoltage surge protection circuit network of the utility model.
Specific embodiment：
The utility model is to improve the ability of the tolerance of pressure-sensitive device and shock resistance electric current, and is reduced residual
Pressure, significantly reduce by the cost of protection circuit, extend the protection circuit life-span.
So it should be recognized that concentration effect of the principle that piezoresistor is related in overvoltage surge protection circuit, i.e. electric current
Should and negative thermal resistance effect.The concentration effect of so-called electric current, refer in the pressure-sensitive resistance of L-type lead, electric current is by center line to surrounding
Dissufion current, central point electric current compare concentration.So-called negative thermal resistance effect, refer to that piezo-resistance through-current capacity is bigger, local temperature
Higher, resistance is smaller.When heat-sinking capability is less than caloricity, positive feedback will cause piezo-resistance thawing to run through.Thermal breakdown
Burn the process of melting and start from the larger crystal grain of current density or defect, then progressively expanded using it as origin, the sense of current is expanded more
It hurry up.When its diameter reaches or during close to pressure-sensitive thickness, penetration type thermal breakdown just occurs, formation is slightly less than or is approximately equal to thickness
Through hole, serious meeting cause arcing or burning, and here it is hot perforation effect.Due to the needs of radiating, pressure-sensitive crystal can be formed by
Thermograde from inside to outside, cause centre temperature highest.And the moving charge from lead is become in wire lead termination by structure
The discreteness highest of MOMENTUM DISTRIBUTION caused by change, i.e. speed highest and minimum moving charge are all some more, and individual ramp momentum is most
Strong moving charge is most strong to the damage capability of crystal boundary；The electric field of lead terminal is because point effect is again most strong, so thermal breakdown
The point overwhelming majority all occurs to lean on paracentral lead end points in chip.
Generally, people are in order to improve the working life of protection piezoresistor and reduce residual voltage, also using more voltage dependant parallels
Come the circuit shunted.But because each pressure-sensitive parameter is incomplete same, electric current, still can be by the presence of concentration effect
Gradually to the larger pressure-sensitive concentration of excessively stream, finally burn it.Then can also make second it is pressure-sensitive burn, the process of burning is to circuit
And safety produces serious harm.
Technology of the present utility model, due to the balance of overall pressure-sensitive parameter, current convergence is in a pressure-sensitive current convergence
Effect is curbed, and neutral electrode, which also acts, stops that the effect of radiating occurs and strengthened for hot perforation effect.Appropriate structure peace
Row, moreover it is possible to make part pressure-sensitive and be changed to bear double direction impulse by bearing unidirectional impact, the tolerance of protection circuit is significantly increased.
The neutral electrode of this technology interconnects pressure-sensitive overvoltage surge protection circuit, is passed through simultaneously by two or more piezoresistor
Connection, series connection or connection in series-parallel composition, in view of above-mentioned analysis, its piezoresistor and the overvoltage surge protection circuit formed should reach
Meet to following both sides：
First, the screening of piezoresistor, it should meet：
1st, each piezoresistor in same combination is when being subjected to pulse current, the current imbalance coefficient in every element
δ I ＜ 0.1；
Each parallel element in same combination has to pass through characteristic pairing, ensures when being subjected to pulse current, every element
In electric current difference be not more than setting.Otherwise in use, bearing the big element of electric current can premature failure.For here
Define parameter " nonuniformity coefficient δ I=(n Δ I)/It", it is equal to the extreme difference Δ I of each parallel element electric current, for average
Electric current It/ n ratio (ItIt is total current, n is parallel element number).In the case of no special provision, it is desirable to δ I ＜ 0.1.
2nd, the wide wave impulse electric current screening of each piezoresistor in same combination, it is every square centimeter to hold using 2ms square waves
By 20A, as screening conditions, it is positive and negative it is each once, chip, which does not puncture or ruptured, is used as acceptable criterion；
3rd, the voltage of each piezoresistor in same combination~temperature stress screening, it is screening temperature with 125 DEG C, it is pressure-sensitive
Voltage center's value is used as additional ac test voltage peak, carries out burn-in screen in 8 hours, chip pressure-sensitive electricity after not perforating or testing
Pressure is not less than initial value as acceptable criterion；
Secondth, overvoltage surge protection circuit should meet claimed below：
1st, the locus of each piezoresistor is symmetrical in overvoltage surge protection circuit；
In terms of tolerance in overvoltage surge protection circuit network, we will fully make all pressure-sensitive participation works
Make, common share current；On the other hand, we will also make each pressure-sensitive born current density identical, to make mutual sense
It should balance, to make the locus for coming through each piezoresistor in voltage protection circuit symmetrical.
2nd, in overvoltage surge protection circuit each correspondence position piezoresistor impedance balance；
3rd, induced electromotive force caused by the dash current of each correspondence position piezoresistor in overvoltage surge protection circuit
Balanced on each piezoresistor；
In overvoltage surge protection circuit dash current by when each loop of network integrated magnetic field caused by induction electric
Gesture is zero, or caused induced electromotive force is equal on each sub- piezoresistor.Show in structure, the network has similar brilliant
The symmetry and periodicity of body, and ensure relatively equivalent on locus.So as to prevent the class Kelvin effect under network environment,
Obtain minimum impedance.When flowing through dash current, the impedance that each branch current runs into is equal.
4th, in overvoltage surge protection circuit each correspondence position piezoresistor connecting lead wire equal length, diameter phase
Together, impedance is identical.
In overvoltage surge protection circuit, in surge voltage impact, the knot for the circuit network being made up of piezoresistor
Distribution of the structure equally to pressure sensitive voltage and electric current plays very big effect.Assuming that the impedance of a certain section of lead is 0.1 ohm, rushing
In the case of electric current is hit as 1000A, the pressure drop in impedance just has 100V.Second, piezo-resistance network if subjected to electric current side
Effect to consistent magnetic field, then it can equally produce Kelvin effect；It is, string and structure identical in the case of, one with
Residual voltage caused by the pressure-sensitive catch net of overcurrent of meaning than consider the well-designed pressure-sensitive catch net of above-mentioned factor be higher by 100~
300V。
As shown in figure 1, being a kind of overvoltage surge protection circuit, the overvoltage surge protection circuit is included by pressure-sensitive electricity
The varistor device for two groups of series connection that resistance device R1, R2, R3 and R4, R5, R6 are composed in series, the piezoresistor of each series connection group are
More than three, two series connection groups are in parallel again, and two parallel connected ends are respectively L ends and the N-terminal of the overvoltage surge protection circuit；One series connection group
Bottom two piezoresistors R2 and R3 connection end, the connection end electricity with another group of two, top piezoresistor R4 and R5
Connection；Two piezoresistors R1 and R2 connection end, the individual piezoresistor R5 with another group of bottom at the top of one series connection group
Electrically connected with R6 connection end；Form interconnection combination.This circuit is by by one point of three pressure-sensitive combined crosswise, realizing left and right
The resistance of surge passage is consistent, ensure that the uniformity by electric current.Meanwhile even if a certain son is pressure-sensitive by thermal breakdown, separation electricity
Pole is also possible to prevent the generation of its hot perforation effect, extends the life-span of integral protection circuit.
As shown in Fig. 2 being another overvoltage surge protection circuit, the overvoltage surge protection circuit is included by pressure-sensitive
The varistor device for two groups of series connection that resistor R1, R2, R3 and R4, R5, R6 are composed in series, the piezoresistor of each series connection group
For more than three, one end of two series connection groups connects, and is PE ends, the other end is L respectively as the overvoltage surge protection circuit
End and N-terminal；One series connection group bottom two piezoresistors R2 and R3 connection end, with two piezoresistors in another group of top
R4 electrically connects with R5 connection end；Two piezoresistors R1 and R2 connection end at the top of one series connection group, with another group bottom of connecting
Two piezoresistor R5 in portion electrically connect with R6 connection end；Form interconnection combination.
As shown in figure 3, being another overvoltage surge protection circuit, the overvoltage surge protection circuit is included by pressure-sensitive
The varistor device for two groups of series connection that resistor R1, R2, R3 and R4, R5, R6 are composed in series, the piezoresistor of each series connection group
For more than three, one end of two series connection groups connects, as PE ends, L of the other end respectively as the overvoltage surge protection circuit
End and N-terminal；One series connection group bottom two piezoresistors R2 and R3 connection end, with another group of piezoresistor of bottom two
R5 electrically connects with R6 connection end；Two piezoresistors R1 and R2 connection end at the top of one series connection group, with another group top of connecting
Two piezoresistor R4 in portion electrically connect with R5 connection end；Form parallel connection combination.
As shown in figure 4, being another overvoltage surge protection circuit, the overvoltage surge protection circuit is included by pressure-sensitive
The varistor device for two groups of series connection that resistor R1, R2, R3 and R4, R5, R6 are composed in series, the piezoresistor of each series connection group
For more than three, two series connection group one end connect, as PE ends, L end of the other end respectively as the overvoltage surge protection circuit
And N-terminal；One series connection group bottom two piezoresistors R2 and R3 connection end, with two piezoresistors in another group of top
R4 electrically connects with R5 connection end；Two piezoresistors R1 and R2 connection end at the top of one series connection group, with another group bottom of connecting
Two piezoresistor R5 in portion electrically connect with R6 connection end；Two piezoresistors R1 and R2 connection at the top of one series connection group
End, electrically connected with the N-terminal of another group of connecting, the L ends of a series connection group, with two piezoresistors R4 and R5 at the top of another group of connecting
Connection end electrical connection.
As shown in figure 5, it is a kind of concrete application of overvoltage surge protection circuit network, here using 12 14D681
Piezoresistor R forms protected network.During dash current 5000A, L~N differential mode residual voltages reach 1230V.14D681 residual voltage is
1680V.Compared with traditional delta connection, residual voltage ratio falls below 1.8 by former 2.2.Impact resistance number, from 10 raisings
To more than 70 times, surface temperature reduces nearly 30 DEG C (seeing attached list experimental data).In the present embodiment, each node and it is pressure-sensitive between
Connection line length, line footpath are identical, and mutual geometric position is symmetrical.
The circuit is shown in Table one with conventional delta-connected contrast test：
Table one
。
Claims (5)
1. a kind of neutral electrode interconnects pressure-sensitive overvoltage surge protection circuit, it is characterised in that the circuit includes two or more
Piezoresistor is made up of in parallel, series connection or connection in series-parallel, and the locus of each piezoresistor is symmetrical in circuit, in circuit
Induct in the impedance balance of each correspondence position piezoresistor, circuit caused by the dash current of each correspondence position piezoresistor
Electromotive force balances on each piezoresistor, in circuit each correspondence position piezoresistor connecting lead wire equal length, diameter
It is identical, impedance identical circuit.
2. neutral electrode according to claim 1 interconnects pressure-sensitive overvoltage surge protection circuit, it is characterised in that the wave
Coming through voltage protection circuit includes the piezoresistor of two groups of series connection, and the piezoresistor of each series connection group is more than three, two strings
Connection group is in parallel again, and two parallel connected ends are the input of the overvoltage surge protection circuit, output end；The one pressure-sensitive electricity in series connection group bottom two
The connection end of device is hindered, is electrically connected with the connection end of two piezoresistors in another group of top；Two, one series connection group top is pressure-sensitive
The connection end of resistor, electrically connected with the connection end of the individual piezoresistor of another group bottom of connecting；Form interconnection combination.
3. neutral electrode according to claim 1 interconnects pressure-sensitive overvoltage surge protection circuit, it is characterised in that the wave
Coming through voltage protection circuit includes the piezoresistor of two groups of series connection, and the piezoresistor of each series connection group is more than three, two strings
Connection group one end connects, as input, input of the other end respectively as the overvoltage surge protection circuit；One series connection group bottom
The connection end of two piezoresistors in portion, electrically connected with the connection end of two piezoresistors at the top of another group of connecting；One series connection
The connection end of two piezoresistors in group top, is electrically connected with the connection end of two piezoresistors of another group bottom of connecting；
Form interconnection combination.
4. neutral electrode according to claim 1 interconnects pressure-sensitive overvoltage surge protection circuit, it is characterised in that the wave
Coming through voltage protection circuit includes the piezoresistor of two groups of series connection, and the piezoresistor of each series connection group is more than three, two strings
Connection group one end connects, as input, input of the other end respectively as the overvoltage surge protection circuit；One series connection group bottom
The connection end of two piezoresistors in portion, electrically connected with the connection end of another piezoresistor of group bottom two of connecting；One series connection
The connection end of two piezoresistors in group top, is electrically connected with the connection end of two piezoresistors at the top of another group of connecting；
Form parallel connection combination.
5. neutral electrode according to claim 1 interconnects pressure-sensitive overvoltage surge protection circuit, it is characterised in that the wave
Coming through voltage protection circuit includes the piezoresistor of two groups of series connection, and the piezoresistor of each series connection group is more than three, two strings
Connection group one end connects, as input, input of the other end respectively as the overvoltage surge protection circuit；One series connection group bottom
The connection end of two piezoresistors in portion, electrically connected with the connection end of two piezoresistors at the top of another group of connecting；One series connection
The connection end of two piezoresistors in group top, is electrically connected with the connection end of two piezoresistors of another group bottom of connecting；
The connection end of two piezoresistors at the top of one series connection group, electrically connected with the input of another group of connecting, the input of a series connection group
End, electrically connected with the connection end of two piezoresistors at the top of another group of connecting.
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| CN201720029248.XU CN207021670U (en) | 2017-01-10 | 2017-01-10 | Neutral electrode interconnects pressure-sensitive overvoltage surge protection circuit |
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| CN201720029248.XU CN207021670U (en) | 2017-01-10 | 2017-01-10 | Neutral electrode interconnects pressure-sensitive overvoltage surge protection circuit |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110739673A (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2020-01-31 | 硕天科技股份有限公司 | Surge protection device |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110739673A (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2020-01-31 | 硕天科技股份有限公司 | Surge protection device |
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