CN107462789A - A kind of on-line analysis surge protector life-span and the method for failure - Google Patents
A kind of on-line analysis surge protector life-span and the method for failure Download PDFInfo
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- CN107462789A CN107462789A CN201710583130.6A CN201710583130A CN107462789A CN 107462789 A CN107462789 A CN 107462789A CN 201710583130 A CN201710583130 A CN 201710583130A CN 107462789 A CN107462789 A CN 107462789A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of on-line analysis surge protector life-span and the method for failure.Propose SPD life-spans and a kind of new method of out-of-service time calculating.The number for thunderbolt that this method is by monitoring the SPD temperature rise of leakage current, SPD, SPD temperature rise rate, SPD capacitance variations, SPD line durations, SPD release, SPD working conditions, and control different parameters entirety proportion and weighted factor finally to draw the calculating of SPD life-spans and out-of-service time.Compared to higher by the accuracy that single numerical value carries out the SPD life-spans with the out-of-service time calculates in the past.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to diagnosing faults of numerical control machine and prediction field, specifically a kind of on-line analysis surge protector
Life-span and the method for failure, the on-line analysis surge protector life-span with high accuracy carried out especially in accordance with multiple parameters
With the method for failure.
Background technology
The calculating in existing surge protector life-span and out-of-service time is general only according to leakage current or the single data parameters of temperature
Carry out, i.e., the number of thunderbolt or SPD leakage current value are released by single SPD (surge protector) to carry out.But due to electricity
Surge protector species is various, and only inner member type is just divided into switching mode, combined and compound three kinds, member inside different type
Parameter, the quantity of part have very big difference again, and the life-span carried out using single data parameters merely and out-of-service time calculation error are very
Greatly.
Number of lightning strokes is such as released using single SPD to calculate, because the lightning current of different-energy is to life-spans of core parts
Influence is different, and does not include the monitoring for thunder and lightning stream energy of releasing, therefore the computational methods hardly possess reference
Value.For another example calculated using single SPD leakage datas, in the case where not influenceing the SPD life-spans, SPD leakage currents
Data easily cause the mistake to the life-span because of situations such as short time power network supply voltage rises, mains by harmonics increases in the short time
Calculate.
The content of the invention
For in place of above shortcomings in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of online
The method for analyzing surge protector life-span and failure.
The used to achieve the above object technical scheme of the present invention is：A kind of on-line analysis surge protector life-span and mistake
The method of effect, comprises the following steps：
Calculate SPD leakage current, temperature change, capacitance variations, line duration, the number for thunderbolt of releasing and working condition
In one or any life-span of multiple parameters and the calculated value of out-of-service time, and weighted factor corresponding to setting；
According to the calculated value and its corresponding weighted factor, SPD comprehensive life and out-of-service time are calculated.
The life-span of leakage current parameter of the SPD and the calculated value of out-of-service time are：
P1=(Iz-IK1)/(IK2-IK1)
Wherein, SPD current in resistance property value Iz=Iq-Ir, Iq is the full leakage current value for the SPD that leakage current sensor measures,
SPD capacitive leakage current value Ir=2 π UfC, U is the real-time working voltage of SPD installation environments, and f is the working frequency of power network, electric
It is SPD initial capacitance values to hold C=(1-n*CK1) * C0, C0, and CK1 is SPD change controlling elements, and the thunder and lightning of releasing that n is SPD is secondary
Number, IK1 are SPD the first current in resistance property threshold values, and IK2 is SPD the second current in resistance property threshold values.
The life-span of temperature change parameter of the SPD and the calculated value of out-of-service time are：
P2=max { P2 ', P2 " }
P2 '=T/TK2
P2 "=T/TK1
As T≤TK1, P2 '=T/TK2 is calculated, wherein, SPD operating temperature rise T=T1-T2, T1 are SPD highest
Operating temperature, the temperature that thermal self-restraint stress measures, T2 are SPD operating ambient temperature, and TK1 is the first temperature rise threshold values, TK2 the
Two temperature rise threshold values；
As T △/Δ t >=2, P2 "=T/TK1 is calculated, wherein, temperature difference T △=T △ 2-T △ 1, Δ t are SPD settings
Time control parameter, T △ 2 and T △ 1 are the SPD temperature twice recently using Δ t as time interval that temperature sensor is passed back
Degree.
The life-span of capacitance variations parameter of the SPD and the calculated value of out-of-service time are：
P3=(CK2-C)/CK2
Wherein, electric capacity C=(1-n*CK1) * C0, C0 are SPD initial capacitance values, and CK1 is SPD change controlling elements, CK2
For SPD electric capacity threshold values, n is SPD thunder and lightning number of releasing.
The life-span of line duration parameter of the SPD and the calculated value of out-of-service time are：
P4=Zt/3650
Wherein, equivalent line duration Zt=U/220*ZK*nT, U are the real-time working voltage of SPD installation environments, and ZK is work
Make time calibration coefficient, nT is line duration.
The life-span of count parameter of the thunderbolt of releasing of the SPD and the calculated value of out-of-service time are：
P5=n/XK
Wherein, XK is that SPD selects setting to release number of lightning strokes threshold values, and n is SPD thunder and lightning number of releasing.
The life-span of the working status parameter of the SPD and the calculated value of out-of-service time are drawn by lightning protection device state.
In the monitoring of the leakage current without SPD, the weighted factor K1=0 of the P1；
In the monitoring of the temperature change without SPD, the weighted factor K2=0 of the P2；
In the monitoring of the capacitance variations without SPD, the weighted factor K3=0 of the P3；
In the monitoring of the line duration without SPD, the weighted factor K4=0 of the P4；
In the monitoring of the number of the thunderbolt of releasing without SPD, the weighted factor K5=0 of the P5；
In the monitoring of the working condition without SPD, the weighted factor K6=0 of the P6.
In the monitoring for the leakage current for having SPD, the weighted factor K1=2 of the P1；
In the monitoring for the temperature change for having SPD, the weighted factor K2=3 of the P2；
In the monitoring for the capacitance variations for having SPD, the weighted factor K3=1 of the P3；
In the monitoring for the line duration for having SPD, the weighted factor K4=1 of the P4；
In the monitoring of the number for the thunderbolt of releasing for having SPD, the weighted factor K5=1 of the P5；
In the monitoring for the working condition for having SPD, the weighted factor K6=2 of the P6.
The comprehensive life of the calculating SPD and out-of-service time, it is specially：
Wherein, the life-span of leakage current and the calculated value of out-of-service time that P1 is SPD, P2 are the life-span of SPD temperature change
With the calculated value of out-of-service time, P3 be SPD the life-span of capacitance variations and the calculated value of out-of-service time, P4 be SPD it is online when
Between life-span and the out-of-service time calculated value, P5 be SPD thunderbolt of releasing the life-span of number and the calculated value of out-of-service time, P6
The calculated value in life-span and out-of-service time for SPD working condition；K1 be P1 weighted factor, K2 be P3 weighted factor, K3
For P3 weighted factor, K4 is P4 weighted factor, and K5 is P5 weighted factor, and K6 is P6 weighted factor.
The present invention proposes a kind of new method calculated with the out-of-service time in the SPD life-spans.This method is by monitoring SPD electric leakage
Stream, SPD temperature rise, SPD temperature rise rate, SPD capacitance variations, SPD line durations, SPD are released the number of thunderbolt, SPD work
State, and control different parameters entirety proportion and weighted factor finally to draw the calculating of SPD life-spans and out-of-service time.Compared to former
It is higher by the accuracy that single numerical value carries out the SPD life-spans with the out-of-service time calculates.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the inventive method.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiment the present invention is described in further detail.
As shown in figure 1, the present invention comprises the following steps：
Step 1, SPD leakage current, temperature change, capacitance variations, line duration, the number for thunderbolt of releasing and work is calculated
One in state or any life-span of multiple parameters and the calculated value of out-of-service time, and weighted factor corresponding to setting.Longevity
Life with the out-of-service time calculate can according to SPD resistive leakage current, SPD temperature rise, SPD temperature rise rate, SPD capacitance variations,
The release number of thunderbolt, SPD working conditions multiple parameters of SPD line durations, SPD are carried out.Also can according to wherein a certain item or
Several parameters are carried out.
Step 2, according to the calculated value and its corresponding weighted factor, SPD comprehensive life and out-of-service time are calculated.
Wherein, each calculated value of step 1 and its corresponding weighted factor, are calculated as follows：
(1) measured by SPD leakage current value be SPD resistive leakage current, subtract SPD's by SPD full leakage current value
Obtained by capacitive leakage current value.SPD full leakage current value measures gained by leakage current sensor, SPD capacitive leakage current value by
The real-time operating voltage of power network, SPD electric capacity are calculated；The life-span calculated value drawn by SPD leakage currents is by according to surge
Current in resistance property threshold values set by protector selection, and by the relation between threshold values and resistive leakage current by being calculated.Tool
Body is：The real-time working voltage U of full leakage current value Iq, the SPD installation environment measured according to sensor, early stage are measured and are passed through
(3) the electric capacity C after bar calculates, and the working frequency f of power network, the capacity current value calculated by Ir=2 π UfC formula
Subtract each other to obtain the current in resistance property value Iz=Iq-Ir of surge protector.Selected to set SPD the first resistive electricity according to surge protector
Threshold values IK1 and the second current in resistance property threshold values IK2 is flowed, IK1 and IK2 is contrasted with Iz, as IK1≤Iz≤IK2, passes through (Iz-
IK1)/(Ik2-Ik1) formula mathematic(al) expectation percentage P1, and set weighted factor K1.This is not included in meter when no this item monitors
Life formula is calculated, while K1 takes 0, when having this monitoring, because this parameter can directly influence SPD damages so K1 takes 2.
IK1 is SPD the first current in resistance property threshold values, and IK2 is SPD the second current in resistance property threshold values.IK1 and IK2 is both
Be artificially be configured (Main Basiss SPD use core devices species, connection in series-parallel quantity and set).The difference of two threshold values
It is：What the first current in resistance property threshold values IK1 was characterized is numerical value when certain deterioration takes place in core devices, and is necessarily being deteriorated
Afterwards, product can still use a very long time until reaching second current in resistance property threshold values IK2 this numerical value, in this stage
Interior, product may eventually reach thermal balance in the presence of leakage current.What the second current in resistance property threshold values IK2 was characterized is that core devices are opened
Numerical value during raw accelerated deterioration is originated, when device creepage meets or exceeds this numerical value caused by leakage current and leakage current
Under element temperature rise effect, thermal runaway can occur for device, and leakage current gradually increases while temperature constantly rises, until being formed short
Road, dramatically increased in this work-in-process degradation speed.
(2) it is (higher typically by the way that sensor is positioned over into SPD temperature according to the maximum operating temperature T1 of surge protector
Position measures), the operating ambient temperature T2 of surge protector, the operating temperature rise T of surge protector, root are drawn by T=T1-T2
According to surge protector selection with passing through when working environment setting the first temperature rise threshold values TK1 and the second temperature rise threshold values TK2, T≤TK1
T/TK2 formula mathematic(al) expectation percentages P2 '.Setting time control parameter Δ t is selected according to surge protector, passed according to sensor
Surge protector temperature T △ 1 and T △ 2 twice recently is returned, temperature difference T △=T △ of returned data twice are calculated by formula
2-T △ 1, pass through T/TK1 formula mathematic(al) expectation percentages P2 " as T △/Δ t >=2.T △ 2 and T △ 1 pass for temperature sensor
The SPD temperature twice recently using Δ t as time interval returned, Δ t are the interval time of single-chip microcomputer gathered data.Contrast P2 '
" take large values with P2, draw life-span percentage P2.This is not included in mathematic(al) expectation formula when no this item monitors, while K2 takes 0, has
During this monitoring, because this parameter can directly influence SPD damages so K2 takes 2.
First temperature rise threshold values TK1 and the second temperature rise threshold values TK2 two values are by artificially setting, function and leakage current above
More similar, the first temperature rise threshold values TK1 is the lower caused operating temperature rise door of leakage current effect internally when certain deterioration occurs
Limit, the second temperature rise threshold values TK2 are the maximal work temperature rise thresholding that product will be caused to enter before the thermal runaway stage.
(3) setup algorithm change controlling elements CK1 and electric capacity threshold values CK2, surge protector are selected according to surge protector
Thunder and lightning number of releasing is n, the SPD initial capacitance value C0 measured by equipment, and electric capacity is calculated by C=(1-n*CK1) * C0 formula
Change, then life-span percentage P3 is calculated by (CK2-C)/CK2 formula, and set weighted factor K3.No this item should when monitoring
Item is not included in mathematic(al) expectation formula, while K3 takes 0, when having this monitoring, because this parameter will not directly influence SPD damages institute
1 is taken with K3.
(4) online time change parameter ZK is set with working environment according to surge protector selection, according to working environment electricity
Pressure fluctuation, working time calibration factor ZK and line duration nT, equivalent line duration is calculated by Zt=U/220*ZK*nT,
Life-span percentage P4 is calculated by Zt/3650 formula, and sets weighted factor K4.This is not included in calculating when no this item monitors
Life formula, while K4 takes 0, when having this monitoring, because this parameter will not directly influence SPD damages so K4 takes 1.
ZK is working time calibration factor, and when SPD is arranged on some particular surroundings, the life-span can be than installed in general environment
When SPD short lifes, therefore particular surroundings is needed to calibrate the time, and the coefficient is manually set.NT is line duration, the time
Calculated automatically according to internal clocking by single-chip microcomputer..
(5) setting is selected to release number of lightning strokes threshold values XK (being manually set) according to surge protector, surge protector is let out
It is n to put thunder and lightning number, calculates life-span percentage P5 by n/XK formula, and set weighted factor K5.No this item should when monitoring
Item is not included in mathematic(al) expectation formula, while K5 takes 0, when having this monitoring, because this parameter will not directly influence SPD damages institute
1 is taken with K5.
(6) life-span percentage P6 is drawn by lightning protection device state, and sets weighted factor K6.No this item monitor when this not
Mathematic(al) expectation formula is included in, while K6 takes 0, when having this monitoring, because this parameter can directly influence SPD damages so K6 takes
2。
There is a remote signalling output interface, the switch of the exportable one group of dry node of the interface, the switch on lightning protection device (SPD)
State and lightning protection device inside depart from overcurrent overheat release unit and control, once release unit acts, on off state and change
Become, such as off-state is switched to by original closure state.Life-span and out-of-service time when on off state does not change
Calculated according to step 2 formula, once change, the life-span 0.
Step 2 is according to formulaCalculate comprehensive
Close life-span and out-of-service time.
The invention provides a kind of on-line analysis surge protector life-span and the method for failure.The SPD life-spans are proposed with losing
Imitate a kind of new method of time calculating.This method is by monitoring the SPD temperature rise of leakage current, SPD, SPD temperature rise rate, SPD
Capacitance variations, SPD line durations, SPD release the number of thunderbolt, SPD working conditions, and control different parameters entirety proportion and plus
Weight factor finally draws the calculating of SPD life-spans and out-of-service time.During compared to carrying out the SPD life-spans with failure by single numerical value in the past
Between the accuracy that calculates it is higher.
The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of preferred embodiments of the present invention, not to the model of the present invention
Enclose and be defined, under the premise of design spirit of the present invention is not departed from, this area ordinary skill technical staff is to the technology of the present invention side
The various modifications and improvement that case is made, it all should fall into the protection domain of claims of the present invention determination.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of on-line analysis surge protector life-span and the method for failure, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
1) calculate SPD leakage current, temperature change, capacitance variations, line duration, thunderbolt of releasing number and working condition in
One or any life-span of multiple parameters and the calculated value of out-of-service time, and weighted factor corresponding to setting；
2) according to the calculated value and its corresponding weighted factor, SPD comprehensive life and out-of-service time are calculated.
2. a kind of on-line analysis surge protector life-span according to claim 1 and the method for failure, it is characterised in that institute
The life-span of leakage current parameter and the calculated value of out-of-service time for stating SPD be：
P1=(Iz-IK1)/(IK2-IK1)
Wherein, SPD current in resistance property value Iz=Iq-Ir, Iq is the full leakage current value for the SPD that leakage current sensor measures, SPD's
Capacitive leakage current value Ir=2 π UfC, U are the real-time working voltage of SPD installation environments, and f is the working frequency of power network, electric capacity C=
(1-n*CK1) * C0, C0 are SPD initial capacitance values, and CK1 is SPD change controlling elements, and n is SPD thunder and lightning number of releasing,
IK1 is SPD the first current in resistance property threshold values, and IK2 is SPD the second current in resistance property threshold values.
3. a kind of on-line analysis surge protector life-span according to claim 1 and the method for failure, it is characterised in that institute
The life-span of temperature change parameter and the calculated value of out-of-service time for stating SPD be：
P2=max { P2 ', P2 " }
P2 '=T/TK2
P2 "=T/TK1
As T≤TK1, P2 '=T/TK2 is calculated, wherein, the highest that SPD operating temperature rise T=T1-T2, T1 are SPD works
Temperature, the temperature that thermal self-restraint stress measures, T2 are SPD operating ambient temperature, and TK1 is the first temperature rise threshold values, and TK2 is the second temperature
Lift valve value；
As T △/Δ t >=2, calculate P2 "=T/TK1, wherein, temperature difference T △=T △ 2-T △ 1, Δ t be SPD settings when
Between control parameter, T △ 2 and T △ 1 are the SPD temperature twice recently using Δ t as time interval that temperature sensor is passed back.
4. a kind of on-line analysis surge protector life-span according to claim 1 and the method for failure, it is characterised in that institute
The life-span of capacitance variations parameter and the calculated value of out-of-service time for stating SPD be：
P3=(CK2-C)/CK2
Wherein, electric capacity C=(1-n*CK1) * C0, C0 are SPD initial capacitance values, and CK1 is SPD change controlling elements, and CK2 is
SPD electric capacity threshold values, n are SPD thunder and lightning number of releasing.
5. a kind of on-line analysis surge protector life-span according to claim 1 and the method for failure, it is characterised in that institute
The life-span of line duration parameter and the calculated value of out-of-service time for stating SPD be：
P4=Zt/3650
Wherein, equivalent line duration Zt=U/220*ZK*nT, U are the real-time working voltage of SPD installation environments, when ZK is work
Between calibration factor, nT is line duration.
6. a kind of on-line analysis surge protector life-span according to claim 1 and the method for failure, it is characterised in that institute
The life-span of count parameter and the calculated value of out-of-service time for stating SPD thunderbolt of releasing be：
P5=n/XK
Wherein, XK is that SPD selects setting to release number of lightning strokes threshold values, and n is SPD thunder and lightning number of releasing.
7. a kind of on-line analysis surge protector life-span according to claim 1 and the method for failure, it is characterised in that institute
State the life-span of SPD working status parameter and the calculated value of out-of-service time is drawn by lightning protection device state.
8. a kind of method in the on-line analysis surge protector life-span and failure according to claim any one of 1-7, it is special
Sign is,
In the monitoring of the leakage current without SPD, the weighted factor K1=0 of the P1；
In the monitoring of the temperature change without SPD, the weighted factor K2=0 of the P2；
In the monitoring of the capacitance variations without SPD, the weighted factor K3=0 of the P3；
In the monitoring of the line duration without SPD, the weighted factor K4=0 of the P4；
In the monitoring of the number of the thunderbolt of releasing without SPD, the weighted factor K5=0 of the P5；
In the monitoring of the working condition without SPD, the weighted factor K6=0 of the P6.
9. a kind of method in the on-line analysis surge protector life-span and failure according to claim any one of 1-7, it is special
Sign is, described
In the monitoring for the leakage current for having SPD, the weighted factor K1=2 of the P1；
In the monitoring for the temperature change for having SPD, the weighted factor K2=3 of the P2；
In the monitoring for the capacitance variations for having SPD, the weighted factor K3=1 of the P3；
In the monitoring for the line duration for having SPD, the weighted factor K4=1 of the P4；
In the monitoring of the number for the thunderbolt of releasing for having SPD, the weighted factor K5=1 of the P5；
In the monitoring for the working condition for having SPD, the weighted factor K6=2 of the P6.
10. a kind of on-line analysis surge protector life-span according to claim 1 and the method for failure, it is characterised in that
The comprehensive life of the calculating SPD and out-of-service time, it is specially：
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Wherein, the life-span of leakage current and the calculated value of out-of-service time that P1 is SPD, P2 are life-span and the mistake of SPD temperature change
The calculated value of time, the life-span of capacitance variations and the calculated value of out-of-service time that P3 is SPD are imitated, P4 is SPD line duration
Life-span and the calculated value of out-of-service time, P5 is the life-span of number of SPD thunderbolt of releasing and the calculated value of out-of-service time, P6 are
The life-span of SPD working condition and the calculated value of out-of-service time；K1 is P1 weighted factor, and K2 is P3 weighted factor, and K3 is
P3 weighted factor, K4 are P4 weighted factor, and K5 is P5 weighted factor, and K6 is P6 weighted factor.
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Cited By (6)
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| CN108490283A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2018-09-04 | 深圳市安信技术有限公司 | A kind of prior-warning device of thunder resisting equipment |
| CN108802537A (en) * | 2018-07-09 | 2018-11-13 | 安徽诚意电气科技有限公司 | A kind of intelligent detecting method of Surge Protector |
| CN112816902A (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2021-05-18 | 施耐德电器工业公司 | Method and device for monitoring alternating current leakage current of surge protector and surge protector |
| CN113064013A (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-07-02 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | Lightning arrester state monitoring method, device and system |
| CN115494330A (en) * | 2022-09-23 | 2022-12-20 | 北京Abb低压电器有限公司 | Method for estimating residual life of surge protector on line, surge protector and electronic equipment |
| CN116879663A (en) * | 2023-09-06 | 2023-10-13 | 杭州易龙防雷科技有限公司 | SPD online life prediction system and prediction method based on multi-parameter monitoring |
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