CN105785164B - The judgment method and system of surge protector life expectancy - Google Patents
The judgment method and system of surge protector life expectancy Download PDFInfo
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- CN105785164B CN105785164B CN201610068929.7A CN201610068929A CN105785164B CN 105785164 B CN105785164 B CN 105785164B CN 201610068929 A CN201610068929 A CN 201610068929A CN 105785164 B CN105785164 B CN 105785164B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
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Abstract
The present invention provides the judgment methods and system of a kind of surge protector life expectancy, and this method comprises the following steps: S10: providing SPD unit;S20: SPD unit described in real-time monitoring, obtaining its surge, a situation arises, obtains the surge energy of each secondary surge;S30: accumulation calculates the statistic that surge energy has occurred and working time, the energy summation that can bear during entirely working referring to the SPD unit, and reckoning obtains the remaining life of the SPD unit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to surge protector more particularly to a kind of judgment methods of surge protector life expectancy.
Background technique
SPD (Surge Protective Device hereinafter referred to as SPD) is to limit transient overvoltage and guidance surge
A kind of equipment of electric current.It not only has lightning protection function, but also also inhibits the effect of switching overvoltage, therefore the application of SPD
Field is very wide.SPD is indispensable a kind of device in lightning protection, and effect is scurrying into power line, signal transmssion line
Instantaneous overvoltage is limited in the voltage range that equipment or system can bear, or powerful lightning current aerial drainage is entered ground, protection
Protected equipment or system are not hit.
SPD is usually 7*24 hours on-line operations, and under the effect of various line surge voltages, product can be gradually degraded, and is lost
Deprotection effect or even short circuit are led to the accidents such as power failure or more serious fire.Therefore when every profession and trade uses SPD, early stage
It can generally be avoided in such a way that regular visit even regularly replaces.
The raising of promotion and technology recently as awareness of safety, SPD mostly use the passive instruction side such as deterioration indicating window
Formula indicates the product being normally detached from from circuit, the practical product before disengaging be in high-risk state and can not be pre-
Know;Under some fortuitous events, product is it is also possible to can not normally be detached from and cause the catastrophe failures such as on fire.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to how realize to be monitored the SPD service life, to prevent it from losing protection
When effect still be put into use and caused by security risk.
In order to solve this technical problem, the present invention provides a kind of judgment method of surge protector life expectancy, packets
Include following steps:
S10: SPD unit is provided;
S20: SPD unit described in real-time monitoring, obtaining its surge, a situation arises, obtains the surge energy of each secondary surge;
S30: accumulation calculates the statistic that surge energy has occurred and working time, entire referring to the SPD unit
The energy summation that can bear during work, reckoning obtain the remaining life of the SPD unit.
In the step S20, SPD unit described in real-time monitoring is specifically included: voltage, the electricity of monitoring acquisition SPD unit
The data of at least one stream, temperature, capacitance, impedance;And then according to data collected, the surge energy of each secondary surge is calculated
Amount.
Optionally, in the step S20, the data for monitoring the SPD unit of acquisition include at least temperature data.
Optionally, it in the step S30, is calculated by the following formula to obtain the surge energy of each secondary surge:
Wherein, Δ T characterizes temperature rise, the surge energy of Δ U characterization injection SPD unit, the corresponding thermal capacitance of Cm-SPD unit
Amount, k are the corresponding known constant of the SPD unit.
Optionally, in the step S20, judged according to temperature data collected;
If judging, the variation of the pace of change and at least one amplitude of temperature rise beyond threshold value, judges that surge occurs, in turn
Calculate the surge energy of the secondary surge.
It optionally, further include the gradient and amplitude of the temperature rise of the determining secondary surge in the step S30 or S20, in turn
In the step S30, the surge of different gradients and amplitude calculates the statistic of surge energy with different coefficient accumulations.
Optionally, in the step S10, the data for monitoring the SPD unit of acquisition include at least electric current.
Optionally, it in the step S20, is characterized by the integral of the Current versus time of surge during calculating surge generation
The surge energy of each secondary surge.
Optionally, it in the step S30, according to the statistic that surge energy has occurred and working time, determines
The depletion rate of energy, so the design parameter in conjunction with the SPD unit, working environment parameter and its with during entire work
The relationship for the energy summation that can bear, reckoning obtain the remaining life of the SPD unit.
Optionally, further include detecting the SPD unit and environment temperature, when its temperature difference is greater than preset boundary, then sentence
Disconnected remaining life is less than particular value.
The present invention provides a kind of remaining lifes of surge protector to judge system, uses provided by the invention
The judgment method of surge protector life expectancy, including monitoring unit, intelligent control unit and remote platform, the monitoring unit
Monitor the SPD unit, and by the data feedback monitored to the intelligent control unit;The intelligent control unit is according to institute
The feedback of monitoring unit is stated, a situation arises for the surge of acquisition SPD unit, obtains the surge energy of each secondary surge, and then accumulate meter
The statistic that surge energy has occurred and working time are calculated, can bear during entirely working referring to the SPD unit
Energy summation, reckoning obtain the remaining life of the SPD unit, and then in locally feedback display, and/or feed back to described
Remote platform.
The present invention also provides a kind of remaining lifes of surge protector to judge system, uses the present invention and provides
Surge protector remaining life judgment method, including monitoring unit, remote platform, described in the monitoring unit monitoring
SPD unit, and the data monitored are directly fed back or the intelligent control unit is fed back to by an intelligent control unit;
Feedback of the intelligent control unit according to the monitoring unit, a situation arises for the surge of acquisition SPD unit, obtains each secondary surge
Surge energy, and then accumulate and calculate the statistic that surge energy has occurred and working time, it is whole referring to the SPD unit
The energy summation that can bear during a work, reckoning obtain the remaining life of the SPD unit, and then in intelligent control
Unit feedback display, and/or feed back to the remote platform.
It is presently believed that the cumulative statistics amount of the working life of SPD and its surge energy born during entire work
It is closely related, the cumulative statistics amount of this surge energy, the ampere-second resource of alternatively referred to as SPD, ampere-second resource can be by manufacturing
Quotient is in process it is confirmed that its parameter.So the present invention using electric current, temperature, voltage, capacitance data sampling, meter
Surge energy is calculated to get to the currently ampere-second resource that has consumed, the consumption of binding time factor, available ampere-second resource is fast
Degree, and then for remaining consumable ampere-second resource, it can be obtained its service life.The present invention creatively expects passing through energy
Statistics calculate service life, realize the purpose of forecast product life expectancy, life expectancy can be given based on this
Feedback or auto-action design, thus prevent its be still put into when losing protecting effect use and caused by security risk.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow diagram of the judgment method of surge protector life expectancy in one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the system in one embodiment of the invention using the judgment method of surge protector life expectancy.
Specific embodiment
It is carried out below with reference to judgment method of the Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 to surge protector life expectancy provided by the invention detailed
Description, be optional embodiment of the present invention, it is believed that those skilled in the art are not changing spirit of that invention and content
In the range of it is modified and is polished.
The present invention provides a kind of judgment methods of surge protector life expectancy, include the following steps:
S10: SPD unit is provided;
S20: SPD unit described in real-time monitoring, obtaining its surge, a situation arises, obtains the surge energy of each secondary surge;
In alternative embodiment of the present invention, in the step S20, SPD unit described in real-time monitoring is specifically included:: prison
Survey the data of at least one the voltage for acquiring SPD unit, electric current, temperature, capacitance, impedance;And then according to data collected,
Calculate the surge energy of each secondary surge.Its detailed process can be first according to these data, judge whether it occurs surge, then
The energy of surge is calculated, energy can also be calculated separately, or obtain energy curve first not to whether surge occurs judging,
When counting calculating, whether the energy datum examination calculated according to curve or shuttle is surge energy, is counted with coefficient 0 and calculates non-electrical
The energy gushed or other be not required to record energy.It should be pointed out that the variation relation between capacitance and temperature is more one
It causes, so, temperature is calculated using capacitance, or directly adopt capacitance and be monitored, is also all optinal plan of the present invention;
S30: accumulation calculates the statistic that surge energy has occurred and working time, entire referring to the SPD unit
The energy summation that can bear during work, reckoning obtain the remaining life of the SPD unit.
If desired first judge whether that surge occurs, for how to judge whether that surge occurs, if there is drying method in this field, this
Invention optinal plan lists a kind of means based on temperature: in the step S20, carrying out according to temperature data collected
Judgement;If judging the variation of the pace of change and at least one amplitude of temperature rise beyond threshold value, judge that surge occurs, and then calculate
The surge energy of the secondary surge.
But the present invention is not limited thereto, can also effectively find the generation of surge by the monitoring to electric current, no matter for
Which, is all one of optional scheme of the invention.
Relating to how to realize the calculating of surge energy, the present invention provides several feasible according to different types of detection data
Solution:
In an optional embodiment of the invention, use temperature for detection data, in the step S20, by following
The surge energy of each secondary surge is calculated in formula:
Wherein, Δ T characterizes temperature rise, the surge energy of Δ U characterization injection SPD unit, the corresponding thermal capacitance of Cm-SPD unit
Amount, k are the corresponding known constant of the SPD unit.
For the clearly above content, expansion elaboration is carried out to the derivation process of formula above below:
SPD is one and the related relatively independent therrmodynamic system of installation environment.
According to the first law of thermodynamics:
Δ Q=Δ U+ Δ A ... ... ... ... ... ... ... (1)
In formula: the variable quantity of energy in Δ U-system;
Δ Q-outside enters the heat of system;
The function that Δ A-system external portion is done;
When the energy value (Δ U) for entering this system is positive value (energy is just flowing into), can increase in system, temperature will
It can be increased with Q value.Conversely, the interior of system can drop when the energy value (Δ U) for entering this system is negative value (energy outflow)
Low, temperature will be reduced with Q value.In a determining system, the rate of energy variation also determines the speed of temperature change
Rate.
Temperature and the relationship of heat can be formulated:
In formula: Cm-thermal capacity
Δ Q-thermal change amount
Δ T-temperature variation
Temperature rise can establish by above formula and inject the respective function of the energy of protector:
In use, SPD system is by forms such as electromagnetic field radiation, mechanically deform, acousto-optics to external work (Δ
A), scale factor or additional normal can be used in the energy variation proportion very little of this part in the calculating of engineer application
Ripe form is characterized in function.
Such as:
Or:
In formula: k-is used to characterize the scale factor of protector system external portion acting factor
In a lightning surge events, into the energy of SPD system:
Δ U=u*i*t
It can be deformed into:
In formula: both end voltage when u-SPD absorbs impact electric current, due to its nonlinear characteristic, can with its maximum value (
It is known as residual voltage in IEC standard) Ures replacement.The maximum value of Ures numerical value and dash current i have fixed corresponding relationship.
T1-impact initial time
T2-impact terminates the time
It is derived by formula (3), (4):
In formula: m-coefficient of colligation,
So far, we have obtained to be characterized the formula (5) of temperature rise with dash current, in determining protector system,
All coefficient of colligation m be it is metastable, formula calculate result can satisfy the requirement on engineer application.
In the further alternative embodiment of the present invention, temperature rise in order to obtain can characterize SPD unit by following formula
Temperature:
Wherein, the real-time temperature values of T-SPD unit;
TmaxThe maximum temperature value of-a certain heating/in the heat dissipation stage;
T-time;
td- time starting point;
τ1- heating characteristic parameter;τ2Cool down characteristic parameter;
In turn, based on the temperature change characterized, the ambient temperature value of synchronization is subtracted, obtains temperature rise numerical value.It is based on
Temperature rise value, and surge energy can be obtained.
In another optional embodiment of the present invention, in the step S20, pass through surge during calculating surge generation
The integral of Current versus time characterizes the surge energy of each secondary surge.
In an of the invention optional embodiment, in the step S20, pass through such SPD unit for pre-establishing
Under each environment temperature section, the mapping table of surge energy and the variable quantity of electric current, voltage, temperature, impedance or capacitance is looked into
Look for the surge energy for determining the SPD unit secondary surge;The mapping table is to test to obtain in advance for such SPD unit
Or the design parameter theoretical calculation according to such SPD unit obtains.
Likewise, not using lookup table mode, but table is changing into the figure of fitting, in optinal plan, in the step
In S30, under each environment temperature section by such SPD unit pre-established, surge energy and electric current, voltage, temperature, resistance
The matched curve relationship of anti-or capacitance variable quantity compares the surge energy for determining the SPD unit secondary surge;The fitting
Curved line relation is to test the design parameter theoretical calculation obtained or according to such SPD unit in advance for such SPD unit to obtain.
After being realised that is surge energy, the naturally available several modes of those skilled in the art establish its electricity
The variable quantity of parameter, environmental parameter etc. and the corresponding relationship of surge energy in turn, know so that surge energy be calculated
Surge energy, counter can also push away the variation of these parameters.
In the preferred embodiment of the invention, in the step S30, according to the statistic that surge energy has occurred and
Working time, determine the depletion rate of energy, so the design parameter in conjunction with the SPD unit, working environment parameter and its
With the relationship for the energy summation that can bear during entire work, reckoning obtains the remaining life of the SPD unit.
It should be noted that according to the result of study that a large amount of test data obtains show SPD working life and its
The summation for the surge energy born during entire work is closely related.The integral of the Current versus time of this surge energy surge
It indicates (might not so be calculated), unit A.s, also referred to as the ampere-second resource of protector.Research shows that for same
The SPD of type, have ampere-second resource relatively, therefore manufacturer can confirm this of protector in process
Parameter, i.e., " energy summation that the SPD unit can bear during entirely working " mentioned above are can to manufacture it in SPD
It just obtains, limited trials is still either passed through by theoretical calculation, do not probe into range in of the invention.
After completing manufacturing process using the protector that manufactures with a batch of varistor, identical ring is used if being placed on
In border, the service life that they show will be fairly close, this service life can be regarded as the ampere-second resource of varistor.In principle with electricity
Gush current system by when generate ampere-second consumption and steady-state power conditions under by when generate ampere-second consumption can be with different
Conversion factor is added in the calculating for reducing ampere-second resource, i.e., mentioned above to calculate its surge energy with different coefficient accumulations
Statistic, certainly, for specific calculation, which may also be 0.So in clearly current depletion rate and remaining
It is remaining consume resource in the case where, the remaining service life can be calculated naturally, certainly, can also introduce other it is specific because
Element, establishes increasingly complex mathematical model, but no matter its model why, without departure from present invention basic ideas mentioned above.
In one of wherein optional scheme, varistor life expectancy decision model can use function representation:
Tlifespan=f (UN, ID, T, t, Δ E)
Wherein, TlifespanFor life expectancy;
UNFor the pressure sensitive voltage of varistor;
IDFor the leakage current of varistor;
T is the temperature parameter during protector works, the accumulated amount of maximum value and temperature including temperature;
T is protector cumulative operation time;
The energy parameter that bears during Δ E is protector work, including current peak Imax, quantity of electric charge maximum value Qmax,
Surge energy Δ U, consumption power frequency supply energy and their accumulated amount.
In optional embodiment of the present invention, among the step S30, before or after, further include determining this time electricity
The gradient and amplitude for the temperature rise gushed, and then in the step S40, the surge of different gradients and amplitude is accumulated with different coefficients
Calculate the statistic of surge energy.Why is specific coefficient, can be according to the micro-judgment of those skilled in the art or by limited
Secondary experiment gropes to obtain.
It further include detecting the SPD unit and environment temperature in optional embodiment of the present invention, when its temperature difference is greater than in advance
If boundary when, then judge remaining life be less than particular value.It is to be understood that when operating temperature increases, it will accelerate
Ampere-second resource consumption speed.When temperature be more than some boundary, even if without additional surge current, ampere-second resource can also consume rapidly
Totally.So the present invention utilizes the boundary, as the judgement of another dimension, when the temperature difference is greater than the boundary, it is believed that ampere-second
Resource can rapidly deplete, it is also assumed that the SPD unit is in catastrophe failure, should not use, so, optinal plan of the present invention will
Its service life is less than particular value, and this boundary can be obtained completely by limited trials or theoretical calculation.
Based on above method, the present invention provides a kind of remaining lifes of surge protector to judge system, uses
The judgment method for the surge protector life expectancy that each alternative embodiment of the invention provides, including monitoring unit, intelligent control
Unit and remote platform, the monitoring unit monitor the SPD unit, and by the data feedback monitored to the intelligent control
Unit;Feedback of the intelligent control unit according to the monitoring unit, a situation arises for the surge of acquisition SPD unit, obtains each
The surge energy of secondary surge, and then accumulate and calculate the statistic that surge energy has occurred and working time, referring to the SPD
The energy summation that unit can bear during entirely working, reckoning obtain the remaining life of the SPD unit, and then at this
Ground feedback display, and/or feed back to the remote platform.As it can be seen that the step S20 in the method for the present invention is in addition to described in real-time monitoring
SPD unit part belongs to the work of monitoring unit, remaining process is completed by intelligent control unit, and step S30 process is by intelligence
It can control unit completion, so, in the present embodiment, all processes such as above-mentioned calculating and analysis belong to intelligent control single
Member for expansion function.
The present invention also provides a kind of remaining lifes of surge protector to judge system, uses the present invention and provides
Surge protector remaining life judgment method, including monitoring unit, remote platform, described in the monitoring unit monitoring
SPD unit, and the data monitored are directly fed back or the intelligent control unit is fed back to by an intelligent control unit;
Feedback of the intelligent control unit according to the monitoring unit, a situation arises for the surge of acquisition SPD unit, obtains each secondary surge
Surge energy, and then accumulate and calculate the statistic that surge energy has occurred and working time, it is whole referring to the SPD unit
The energy summation that can bear during a work, reckoning obtain the remaining life of the SPD unit, and then in intelligent control
Unit feedback display, and/or feed back to the remote platform.As it can be seen that the step S20 in the method for the present invention is in addition to real-time monitoring institute
The work that SPD unit part belongs to monitoring unit is stated, remaining process is completed by remote platform, and step S30 process is by long-range
Platform is completed, so, in the present embodiment, all processes such as above-mentioned calculating and analysis belong to remote platform for expanding
Function.
The remote platform may include monitoring center or other smart machines.Moreover, intelligent control single designated herein
Member, quantity are not limited to one, in single intelligent control unit, the core processor that is included, or and it is multiple, as long as
Function is realized, is exactly the scope of the present invention.Moreover, the electric connection mode knot in relation to itself and SPD unit and monitoring unit
Structure connection type, it is unrestricted, it can be grafting, external, it is even built-in.Monitoring unit designated herein is according to surveyed object
Difference, different variations can occur, may include temperature sensor as shown in Figure 2, also may include voltage detecting
Equipment, current detecting equipment etc., after determining test object, those skilled in the art can choose corresponding equipment certainly,
In method cited in system, and there is detailed description to the object monitored, so, monitoring unit does not have unclear
The problem of.
In conclusion it is presently believed that the working life of SPD and its surge energy born during entire work it is tired
Product statistic is closely related, the cumulative statistics amount of this surge energy, the ampere-second resource of alternatively referred to as SPD, ampere-second resource can
With by manufacturer in process it is confirmed that its parameter.So the present invention using electric current, temperature, voltage, capacitance data
Sampling, calculates surge energy to get to the current ampere-second resource consumed, binding time factor, available ampere-second resource
Depletion rate, and then for remaining consumable ampere-second resource, it can be obtained its service life.The present invention creatively expects leading to
The statistics of energy is crossed to calculate service life, realizes the purpose of forecast product life expectancy, it can be to the expection longevity based on this
Life, which is given, to be fed back or the design of auto-action, thus prevent that it is still put into use when losing protecting effect and caused by safety
Hidden danger.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of judgment method of surge protector life expectancy, characterized by the following steps:
S10: SPD unit is provided;
S20: the temperature data of SPD unit described in real-time monitoring is calculated in each secondary surge according to temperature data collected
The surge energy that SPD is absorbed, and then obtain surge energy;Specifically:
Wherein, Δ T characterizes temperature rise, and Δ U characterization injects the surge energy of SPD unit, the corresponding thermal capacity of Cm-SPD unit, and k is
The corresponding known constant of the SPD unit;
S30: accumulation calculates the statistic that surge energy has occurred and working time, entirely works referring to the SPD unit
The energy summation that period can bear, reckoning obtains the remaining life of the SPD unit, specific: according to electricity has occurred
The statistic for gushing energy and working time determine the depletion rate of energy, and then join in conjunction with the design of the SPD unit
The relationship for the energy summation that number, working environment parameter and the SPD unit can bear during entire work, reckoning obtain
The remaining life of the SPD unit.
2. the judgment method of surge protector life expectancy as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the step S20
In, judged according to temperature data collected;
If judging the variation of the pace of change and at least one amplitude of temperature rise beyond threshold value, judge that surge occurs, and then calculate
The surge energy of the secondary surge.
3. the judgment method of surge protector life expectancy as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the step S30
Or further include the gradient and amplitude of the temperature rise of the determining secondary surge in S20, and then in the step S30, different gradients and width
The surge of value calculates the statistic of its surge energy with different coefficient accumulations.
4. the judgment method of surge protector life expectancy as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: further include: detection institute
The environment temperature for stating SPD unit, when the temperature difference between the operating temperature of SPD unit and environment temperature is greater than preset boundary,
Then judge that remaining life is less than particular value.
5. a kind of judgement system of surge protector life expectancy, is characterized in that: one of any using such as Claims 1-4
The judgment method of the surge protector life expectancy, specifically: the system include monitoring unit, intelligent control unit and
Remote platform, the monitoring unit monitors the SPD unit, and the temperature data monitored is fed back to the intelligent control single
Member;Feedback of the intelligent control unit according to the monitoring unit, a situation arises for the surge of acquisition SPD unit, obtains each time
The surge energy of surge, and then accumulate and calculate the statistic that surge energy has occurred and working time, it is mono- referring to the SPD
The energy summation that can bear during first entire work, reckoning obtain the remaining life of the SPD unit, and then in local
Feedback display, and/or feed back to the remote platform.
6. a kind of judgement system of surge protector life expectancy, is characterized in that: one of any using such as Claims 1-4
The judgment method of the surge protector life expectancy, specifically: the system includes monitoring unit, remote platform, described
Monitoring unit monitors the SPD unit, and the temperature data monitored directly feed back or to pass through an intelligent control unit anti-
It is fed to the remote platform;Feelings occur for feedback of the remote platform according to the monitoring unit, the surge for obtaining SPD unit
Condition obtains the surge energy of each secondary surge, and then accumulates and calculate the statistic that surge energy has occurred and working time, ginseng
The energy summation that can bear during entirely working according to the SPD unit calculates that the residue for obtaining the SPD unit uses the longevity
Life, and then in locally feedback display, and/or feed back to the intelligent control unit.
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CN102175936A (en) * | 2011-01-19 | 2011-09-07 | 广东电网公司电力科学研究院 | Unrestrictive expected operation life assessment method for distribution network lightning arrester under given confidence level |
CN103543313A (en) * | 2012-07-16 | 2014-01-29 | 深圳远征技术有限公司 | Lightning current energy detection method and system and lightning protection equipment |
CN204030572U (en) * | 2014-03-28 | 2014-12-17 | 上海森图机电设备有限公司 | Surge Protector lifetime monitoring apparatus |
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WO2022018070A1 (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2022-01-27 | Signify Holding B.V. | A surge suppressor arranged for suppressing surges, a driver comprising a surge suppressor as well as a method for operating the surge suppressor |
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