CN206990351U - Metal electromagnetism loading system based on lorentz force - Google Patents

Metal electromagnetism loading system based on lorentz force Download PDF

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Publication number
CN206990351U
CN206990351U CN201720841388.7U CN201720841388U CN206990351U CN 206990351 U CN206990351 U CN 206990351U CN 201720841388 U CN201720841388 U CN 201720841388U CN 206990351 U CN206990351 U CN 206990351U
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China
Prior art keywords
loading
controllable silicon
storage capacitor
lorentz force
permanent magnet
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN201720841388.7U
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Chinese (zh)
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张闯
李乘风
刘素贞
杨庆新
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Hebei University of Technology
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Hebei University of Technology
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Abstract

It the utility model is related to the metal electromagnetism loading system based on Lorentz force, it is characterised in that the system includes adjustable stabilized voltage supply, storage capacitor, controllable silicon, single-chip microcomputer and four loading heads;The output end of the adjustable stabilized voltage supply is connected with storage capacitor, controllable silicon and four loading heads successively, and the control port of controllable silicon is connected with single-chip microcomputer, and controlled silicon conducting is triggered by single-chip microcomputer;Adjustable stabilized voltage supply is used to power frequency supply carrying out rectification and boosts and charged for storage capacitor;Storage capacitor is used to store electric energy, and is discharged to loading head, and controllable silicon is used for the electric discharge for controlling storage capacitor;Four loadings header structure is identical, and two loading heads are one group, every group of upper and lower surface that metallic plate to be loaded is arranged in upper and lower symmetrical structure;Each loading head includes excitation coil and permanent magnet, the output end connection of the excitation coil and controllable silicon, a permanent magnet is fixed in the left half of region on excitation coil top and/or right half of region.

Description

Metal electromagnetism loading system based on Lorentz force
Technical field
It the utility model is related to a kind of Metal loading systems technology field, and in particular to a kind of metal based on Lorentz force Electromagnetism loading system.
Background technology
Metal material applies quite varied, the structural behaviour and safety of these metal parts in various engineering structures at present State directly affects the safe operation of equipment.Metal material is influenceed by factors such as loading stress, temperature stress, residual stress Defect, even crackle and fracture can be produced, causes serious consequence.In order to study the performance of metal material under stress state, often Need to load metal material (i.e. applying power, including pulling force and pressure).Traditional material testing machine uses motor or liquid Pressure driving, using gear, lead screw transmission, needs workpiece clamp to live in capable stretching when in use, and workpiece is exerted a force from outside, experiment Machine is bulky, expensive, and maintenance cost is high;And test specimen is fixed using chuck for it, inevitably to material Cause to damage in material surface.
Utility model content
In order to overcome existing machinery loading device is bulky, directly contacted with test specimen the shortcomings that, the utility model provide A kind of metal electromagnetism loading system based on Lorentz force, the system by electromagnetic force be used for metal specimen stretch among, have make Firmly uniformly, it is non-contact with workpiece, it is swift to operate, the advantages of being easy to carry.
The utility model the technical scheme adopted is that provide a kind of metal electromagnetism loading system based on Lorentz force, It is characterized in that the system includes adjustable stabilized voltage supply, storage capacitor, controllable silicon, single-chip microcomputer and four loading heads;It is described adjustable The output end of voltage-stabilized power supply is connected with storage capacitor, controllable silicon and four loading heads successively, the control port and monolithic of controllable silicon Machine is connected, and controlled silicon conducting is triggered by single-chip microcomputer;Adjustable stabilized voltage supply is used to power frequency supply carrying out rectification and boosts and be Storage capacitor charges;Storage capacitor is used to store electric energy, and is discharged to loading head, and controllable silicon is used to control putting for storage capacitor Electricity;Four loadings header structure is identical, and two loading heads are one group, and every group is arranged in gold to be loaded in upper and lower symmetrical structure Belong to the upper and lower surface of plate;Each loading head includes excitation coil and permanent magnet, the excitation coil and controllable silicon it is defeated Go out end connection, a permanent magnet is fixed in the left half of region on excitation coil top and/or right half of region.
The characteristics of the utility model loading system:
1. the utility model uses electromagnetic induction principle, workpiece is not exerted a force from outside, but makes workpiece from internal stress, So that the distribution of test specimen internal stress is more uniform;
2. fixing workpiece using chuck in mechanical stretching machine, the pressure of chuck and anti-slip veins thereon can be made to workpiece surface Into damage.The utility model loading head does not contact directly with workpiece, but avoids and workpiece is tried in workpiece by magnetic fields The damage on part surface;
3. system bulk is small in light weight, it is easy to carry, it is easy to loading and unloading, it can be added in the case where test specimen is in service state Carry, facilitate technical staff's execute-in-place.
Traditional stretching-machine is bulky immovable, is intended to carry out test specimen under detection will need to dismantle in the part slave unit Come, be then sent to laboratory and studied, process is comparatively laborious.Tthe utility model system equipment is light can to take open air, side to Just technical staff's execute-in-place, the problem of existing stretching-machine is bulky expensive is overcome.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structured flowchart of metal electromagnetism loading system of the utility model based on Lorentz force;
Fig. 2 is metal electromagnetism loading system loading head main structure diagram of the utility model based on Lorentz force;
Fig. 3 is metal electromagnetism loading system loading head subjectivity diagrammatic cross-section of the utility model based on Lorentz force;
Fig. 4 is the peace of loading head and metallic plate when metal electromagnetism loading system of the utility model based on Lorentz force uses Assembling structure main structure diagram;
Fig. 5 is the peace of loading head and metallic plate when metal electromagnetism loading system of the utility model based on Lorentz force uses Assembling structure overlooking the structure diagram;
Fig. 6 is principle schematic when metal electromagnetism loading system of the utility model based on Lorentz force uses.
Fig. 7 is the loading head of embodiment 2 and the mounting structure main structure diagram of metallic plate.
Fig. 8 is the loading head of embodiment 3 and the mounting structure main structure diagram of metallic plate.
In figure, 1. adjustable stabilized voltage supplies, 2. storage capacitors, 3. controllable silicons, 4. single-chip microcomputers, 5. excitation coils, 6. metallic plates, 7. permanent magnet, 8. exciting currents, 9. inductive loops, 10. magnetostatic fields, 11. electromagnetic forces.
Embodiment
The utility model is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
Metal electromagnetism loading system (abbreviation system, referring to Fig. 1,4,5) of the utility model based on Lorentz force includes can Adjust voltage-stabilized power supply 1, storage capacitor 2, controllable silicon 3, single-chip microcomputer 4 and four loading heads;The output end of the adjustable stabilized voltage supply 1 according to Secondary to be connected with storage capacitor 2, controllable silicon 3 and four loading heads, the control port of controllable silicon is connected with single-chip microcomputer 4, passes through monolithic Machine 4 triggers controlled silicon conducting;Adjustable stabilized voltage supply 1 is used to power frequency supply carrying out rectification and boosts and charged for storage capacitor, Voltage output range is that 0~800V is adjustable;Storage capacitor 2 is used to store electric energy, and is discharged to loading head, and highest pressure voltage is 1200V, capacity are 3500 μ F, and controllable silicon 3 is used for the electric discharge for controlling storage capacitor, and highest withstanding voltage is 1400V, operating current For 800A;
Four loading header structures are identical, and two loading heads are one group, every group be arranged in upper and lower symmetrical structure it is to be loaded The upper and lower surface of metallic plate;Each loading head includes excitation coil 5 and permanent magnet 7, the excitation coil 5 and controllable silicon 3 output end connection, a permanent magnet is fixed in the left half of region on excitation coil top and/or right half of region.
It is of the present utility model to be further characterized by each loading head and include two permanent magnets 7 and an excitation coil 5, Permanent magnet 7 uses neodymium iron boron N52 ferromagnetic materials, is shaped as U-shaped, two opposite polarities of permanent magnet 7 on same loading head, mutually Adhesive forms E shape structures;Excitation coil 5 uses hollow rectangle skeleton, and excitation coil 5 is embedded in the E shape knots that permanent magnet 7 is formed In the space of structure, loading head is combined into.
The wire of the present utility model being further characterized by the excitation coil 5 uses a diameter of 0.5-2mm enamel-covers Copper conductor, the winding number of turn are 150-300 circles.
It is preferred that the wire on excitation coil 5 uses a diameter of 0.8-1.2mm enamel-covers copper conductor, the winding number of turn is 200-250 Circle.
The operation principle and process of the utility model loading system be:
Four loading heads are divided into two groups of both ends for being placed on metallic plate 6, every group of two loading heads, two loading heads first The upper and lower surface of metallic plate is arranged in upper and lower symmetrical structure, as shown in Figure 4.Then using adjustable stabilized voltage supply 1 to energy storage electricity Hold 2 chargings, triggering controllable silicon 3 by single-chip microcomputer 4 after charging turns on, and storage capacitor 2 discharges four excitation coils 5, swashs Generation exciting current 8 in coil 5 is encouraged, the sense of current and excitation can be generated by being clipped in the metallic plate 6 among two excitation coils 5 The opposite inductive loop 9 (referring to Fig. 6) of electric current 8, only two works vertical with force direction of excitation coil 5 are wrapped up with U-shaped permanent magnet 7 With while (when excitation coil shares four, wherein two only vertical with force direction sides to produce power have effect, claiming the two While being action edge, only permanent magnet is laid on the two sides), in the case where magnetostatic field 10 caused by permanent magnet 7 acts on, 6 liang of metallic plate The inductive loop 9 at end will be acted on by the opposite Lorentz force 11 in direction, and stretching action is produced to metallic plate 6.Swashed by adjusting Encourage direction of current flow in coil 5, it is possible to achieve the conversion of two kinds of loading effects of stretching and compression." ☉ " represents electric current in Fig. 6 Vertical paper inwards,Represent that the vertical paper of electric current is outside.
The utility model loading system can be applied to following two fields:
1. the mechanical property research of metal material:The tensile strength of metal material is tested, gradually steps up applied electromagnetic force, In much field of loads plastic deformation occurs for observation material, and expendable nonplastic shape can occur beyond much field of loads Become, can be broken when reaching what stress limit.
2. the Non-Destructive Testing of metal inside stress:
1. the on-line measurement of metal sonoelastic coefficient can be carried out.
2. improve the spatial resolution of Non-Destructive Testing:For it is more small, be difficult to the metal stresses that detect, this can be used to be System expands stress, obtains more obvious testing result.Such as during using ultrasonic stress mornitoring method, stress present in metal It is smaller, it is necessary to measure 4cm apart from upper ultrasonic propagation time, can just collect obvious velocity of wave change;If use this system Stress is expanded, only may be needed in 2cm distances with regard to obvious sonic velocity change can be collected, this just reduces the sky needed for detection Between, it can more reflect the stress state of certain point, improve the spatial resolution of detection.
Embodiment 1
Metal electromagnetism loading system of the present embodiment based on Lorentz force include adjustable stabilized voltage supply 1, storage capacitor 2, can Control silicon 3, single-chip microcomputer 4 and four loading heads;The output end of the adjustable stabilized voltage supply 1 successively with storage capacitor 2, controllable silicon 3 and Four loading head connections, the control port of controllable silicon are connected with single-chip microcomputer 4, and controlled silicon conducting is triggered by single-chip microcomputer 4;It is adjustable steady Voltage source 1 is used to power frequency supply carrying out rectification and boosts and charged for storage capacitor;Storage capacitor 2 is used to store electric energy, and Discharged to loading head, controllable silicon 3 is used for the electric discharge for controlling storage capacitor;
Four loading header structures are identical, and two loading heads are one group, every group be arranged in upper and lower symmetrical structure it is to be loaded The upper and lower surface of metallic plate;Each loading head includes two permanent magnets 7 and an excitation coil 5, the excitation coil 5 and The output end connection of controllable silicon 3;The permanent magnet 7 is shaped as U-shaped, two opposite polarities of permanent magnet 7 on same loading head, mutually Attracted formation E shape structures;Excitation coil 5 uses hollow rectangle skeleton, and excitation coil 5 is embedded in the E shape knots that permanent magnet 7 is formed In the space of structure, loading head is combined into.
Wire described in the present embodiment on excitation coil 5 uses a diameter of 0.8mm enamel-covers copper conductor, and the winding number of turn is 200 Circle, the permanent magnet use neodymium iron boron N52 ferromagnetic materials.The voltage output range of adjustable stabilized voltage supply 1 is that 0~80 0V is adjustable; The highest pressure voltage of storage capacitor 2 is 1200V, and capacity is 3500 μ F;The highest withstanding voltage of controllable silicon 3 is 1400V, operating current For 800A.
In order to verify the feasibility of the present embodiment loading system, produced electromagnetic force is entered using ultrasonic stress mornitoring method Row measurement.The metallic plate to be loaded of the present embodiment is fine aluminium test specimen.
Theoretical calculation obtains, and when storage capacitor charges to 600V, loading system will can produce 2 MPas to fine aluminium test specimen Electromagnetism tension.
When test specimen is in free state, the ultrasonic velocity in test specimen, measurement result 6458.3m/s are measured;By energy storage Electric capacity charges to 600V, and electromagnetism stretching is carried out to fine aluminium test specimen, and measures ultrasonic velocity simultaneously, and measurement result is 6457.6m/s.According to stress in fine aluminium plate material and the proportionality coefficient of the velocity of sound, the corresponding stress of ultrasonic velocity change can obtain For 2 MPas, the measurement result is identical with the calculated results, so as to demonstrate the practicality of the utility model loading system and essence True property.
Embodiment 2
Metal electromagnetism loading system of the present embodiment based on Lorentz force include adjustable stabilized voltage supply 1, storage capacitor 2, can Control silicon 3, single-chip microcomputer 4 and four loading heads;The output end of the adjustable stabilized voltage supply 1 successively with storage capacitor 2, controllable silicon 3 and Four loading head connections, the control port of controllable silicon are connected with single-chip microcomputer 4, and controlled silicon conducting is triggered by single-chip microcomputer 4;It is adjustable steady Voltage source 1 is used to power frequency supply carrying out rectification and boosts and charged for storage capacitor;Storage capacitor 2 is used to store electric energy, and Discharged to loading head, controllable silicon 3 is used for the electric discharge for controlling storage capacitor;Four loadings header structure is identical, two loading heads For one group, every group of upper and lower surface that metallic plate to be loaded is arranged in upper and lower symmetrical structure;Each loading head includes One excitation coil 5 and a permanent magnet 7, the excitation coil 5 is connected with the output end of controllable silicon 3, on excitation coil top Right half of region fix a permanent magnet.
The permanent magnet of the present embodiment is rectangle (referring to Fig. 7).Wire on the excitation coil 5 is using a diameter of 0.8mm enamel-cover copper conductors, the winding number of turn are 200 circles, and the permanent magnet uses neodymium iron boron N52 ferromagnetic materials.
Storage capacitor is charged into 600V, electromagnetism stretching is carried out to fine aluminium test specimen, and carry out ultrasonic stress mornitoring, electromagnetic force Testing result is 0.45 MPa.
Embodiment 3
Metal electromagnetism loading system each several part of the present embodiment based on Lorentz force is connected with embodiment 2, and difference exists U-shaped is used in the shape of permanent magnet 7, is wrapped in the right half of region (referring to Fig. 8) on the top of excitation coil 5.
Storage capacitor is charged into 600V, electromagnetism stretching is carried out to fine aluminium test specimen, and carry out ultrasonic stress mornitoring, electromagnetic force Testing result is 1 MPa.
By the contrast of embodiment 2 and embodiment 3, when other conditions are all identical, using electric caused by U-shaped permanent magnet Magnetic force illustrates that U-shaped permanent magnetism physical efficiency forms more preferable Distribution of Magnetic Field, generation than more than twice of the effect using rectangular permanent magnet Bigger electromagnetic force.
By the contrast of embodiment 1 and embodiment 2, opposite polarity is installed simultaneously in two action edges of excitation coil 5 Permanent magnet when, caused electromagnetic force is only twice in installation magnet in an action edge, and this shows dual permanent-magnet Structure electric energy is more fully utilized, avoid the waste of energy.
Above-mentioned storage capacitor, single-chip microcomputer, controllable silicon are commercially available.
The utility model does not address part and is applied to prior art.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of metal electromagnetism loading system based on Lorentz force, it is characterised in that the system includes adjustable stabilized voltage supply, storage Can electric capacity, controllable silicon, single-chip microcomputer and four loading heads;The output end of the adjustable stabilized voltage supply successively with storage capacitor, controllable Silicon and four loading head connections, the control port of controllable silicon are connected with single-chip microcomputer, and controlled silicon conducting is triggered by single-chip microcomputer;It is described Four loading header structures are identical, and two loading heads are one group, and every group is arranged in metallic plate to be loaded in upper and lower symmetrical structure Upper and lower surface;Each loading head includes excitation coil and permanent magnet, and the output end of the excitation coil and controllable silicon connects Connect, a permanent magnet is fixed in the left half of region on excitation coil top and/or right half of region.
2. the metal electromagnetism loading system according to claim 1 based on Lorentz force, it is characterised in that each loading head Include two permanent magnets, two permanent magnet polarities on same loading head are on the contrary, mutual attracted formation E shape structures, excitation line In the space for the E shape structures that the embedded permanent magnet of circle is formed.
3. the metal electromagnetism loading system according to claim 1 based on Lorentz force, it is characterised in that the permanent magnet It is shaped as U-shaped.
4. the metal electromagnetism loading system according to claim 1 based on Lorentz force, it is characterised in that excitation coil is adopted With hollow rectangle skeleton.
5. the metal electromagnetism loading system according to claim 1 based on Lorentz force, it is characterised in that the excitation line Wire on circle uses a diameter of 0.5-2mm enamel-covers copper conductor, and the winding number of turn is 150-300 circles.
6. the metal electromagnetism loading system according to claim 1 based on Lorentz force, it is characterised in that the excitation line Wire on circle uses a diameter of 0.8-1.2mm enamel-covers copper conductor, and the winding number of turn is 200-250 circles.
7. the metal electromagnetism loading system according to claim 1 based on Lorentz force, it is characterised in that adjustable voltage stabilizing electricity The voltage output range in source is that 0~800V is adjustable;The highest pressure voltage of storage capacitor is 1200V, and capacity is 3500 μ F;Controllable silicon Highest withstanding voltage is 1400V, operating current 800A.
CN201720841388.7U 2017-07-12 2017-07-12 Metal electromagnetism loading system based on lorentz force Expired - Fee Related CN206990351U (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107192615A (en) * 2017-07-12 2017-09-22 河北工业大学 Metal electromagnetism loading system based on Lorentz force
CN109946180A (en) * 2019-03-18 2019-06-28 三峡大学 A kind of pulse force loading device and method suitable for metal tube one directional tensile test
CN109946179A (en) * 2019-03-18 2019-06-28 三峡大学 A kind of electromagnetism force loading device and its method suitable for metal tube one directional tensile test
CN109946181A (en) * 2019-03-18 2019-06-28 三峡大学 It is a kind of for testing the device and method of metallic welded tubes part connector impact strength
CN109946182A (en) * 2019-03-18 2019-06-28 三峡大学 A kind of pulse force loading device and its method suitable for sheet metal biaxial tensile test

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107192615A (en) * 2017-07-12 2017-09-22 河北工业大学 Metal electromagnetism loading system based on Lorentz force
CN107192615B (en) * 2017-07-12 2024-03-15 河北工业大学 Lorentz force-based metal electromagnetic loading system
CN109946180A (en) * 2019-03-18 2019-06-28 三峡大学 A kind of pulse force loading device and method suitable for metal tube one directional tensile test
CN109946179A (en) * 2019-03-18 2019-06-28 三峡大学 A kind of electromagnetism force loading device and its method suitable for metal tube one directional tensile test
CN109946181A (en) * 2019-03-18 2019-06-28 三峡大学 It is a kind of for testing the device and method of metallic welded tubes part connector impact strength
CN109946182A (en) * 2019-03-18 2019-06-28 三峡大学 A kind of pulse force loading device and its method suitable for sheet metal biaxial tensile test
CN109946182B (en) * 2019-03-18 2022-02-01 三峡大学 Pulse force loading device and method suitable for sheet metal biaxial tension test

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