CN109946182A - A kind of pulse force loading device and its method suitable for sheet metal biaxial tensile test - Google Patents
A kind of pulse force loading device and its method suitable for sheet metal biaxial tensile test Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910000976 Electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000001367 artery Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004154 testing of material Methods 0.000 description 1
Abstract
A kind of pulse force loading device and method suitable for sheet metal biaxial tensile test, including the first and second stationary magnetic field coil for generating axial constant magnetic field at metal specimen edge to be tested；For generating the first and second pulsed magnetic field coil of inductive loop at metal specimen edge to be tested；For constituting the ring-like magnetic yoke of stationary magnetic field magnetic loop；The stationary magnetic field coil connects DC power supply；The pulsed magnetic field coil connects the pulse power.The section of the ring-like magnetic yoke is in the rectangular frame type of a band gap, and the gap is opened in the inner side edge middle position of ring-like magnetic yoke.The stationary magnetic field coil, pulsed magnetic field coil are located at the cavity inside of ring-like magnetic yoke and upper and lower symmetrical.The present invention can provide uniform biaxial tension electromagnetic force for metal specimen to be tested, because bite is not present, bite stress concentration phenomenon is not present；Simultaneously by the pulsewidth of change electromagnetic force, it can be achieved that the load of different strain rate.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metal material testing field, in particular to a kind of arteries and veins suitable for sheet metal biaxial tensile test
Impulse force loading device and its method are mainly used for metal sheet biaxial tensile test.
Background technique
The strength of materials test carried out in aircraft industry at present is usually designed to one directional tensile test, however because most in aircraft
Several structural members is all bidirectional stress, and the material property obtained using one directional tensile test can not accurately simulate the true of part
Real stress.In existing biaxial tensile test, loaded, had the following problems using mechanical force: the mechanical grip point of application exists
Stress is concentrated, and will affect biaxial tensile test result；Loading velocity is slow, belongs to semi-static load, can not simulate under high strain-rate
Biaxial tension material properties；It is loaded typically merely by both vertically and horizontally both direction, test specimen discontinuity is led
Measurement result is caused to be difficult to demarcate.
Chinese patent " a kind of pinion and-rack bidirectional tensile tester (107941596 A of CN) " discloses a kind of tooth
Rack-and-pinion bidirectional tensile tester is taken turns, including upper die holder, lower die holder and between the upper die holder and the lower die holder
Four synchronous stretching devices.The invention has many advantages, such as easy to use, and structure is simple, at low cost, small in size, can complete two-way
Tension test requirement.But because being loaded using mechanical force, there are bite stress concentration phenomenons, and cannot achieve high strain-rate
Load.
Chinese patent " high temperature alloy biaxial tension creep experimental rig (107727509 A of CN) " discloses a kind of two-way
Tensile test device, two sliding grain-clamping tables in patent are loaded by respective gear reduction unit and counterweight, because
And end can be clamped on two sliding grain-clamping tables and two fixed clamp platforms in two directions and be placed in hot room
Interior cruciform specimen carries out biaxial tension creep test.Obviously the point of application of this mechanical force load only has the four of both direction
It is a, easily cause stress concentration.
Chinese patent " cruciform specimen biaxial tension test device (108398328 A of CN) " provides a kind of cross
Sample biaxial tension test device, including upper die holder, lower die holder, two pairs of drawing mechanisms and guide post component；Every a pair of stretching-machine
Structure includes two sliding limiting slots, the first sliding block, the second sliding block, the first pushing block component and the second pushing block component；Every a pair of stretching-machine
Two sliding limiting slots of structure to the two sides for being placed in default center position and are fixed on lower die holder；First sliding block and the second sliding block are set
It is placed in sliding limiting slot；First sliding block and the second sliding block are respectively formed the first inclined-plane；First pushing block component and the second pushing block group
Part is fixed on upper die holder, and the first pushing block component and the second pushing block component are respectively formed second cooperated with corresponding first inclined-plane tiltedly
Face；The draw direction of two pairs of drawing mechanisms is mutually perpendicular to.The invention have be capable of providing sufficiently large load, stable structure and at
This cheap advantage.However there are still the main problems of mechanical force load, stress is concentrated when such as loading, bite stress collection
In, it cannot achieve high strain-rate etc..
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of pulse force loading device and its method suitable for sheet metal biaxial tensile test, can be
Metal specimen to be tested provides uniform biaxial tension electromagnetic force, because bite is not present, there is no bite stress to concentrate
Phenomenon；Simultaneously by the pulsewidth of change electromagnetic force, it can be achieved that the load of different strain rate.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
A kind of pulse force loading device suitable for sheet metal biaxial tensile test, comprising:
For generating the first stationary magnetic field coil, the second stationary magnetic field line in axial constant magnetic field at metal specimen edge to be tested
Circle；
For generating the first pulsed magnetic field coil, the second pulsed magnetic field coil of inductive loop at metal specimen edge to be tested；
For constituting the ring-like magnetic yoke of stationary magnetic field magnetic loop；
The stationary magnetic field coil connects DC power supply, and DC power supply gives the stationary magnetic field coil power supply；
The pulsed magnetic field coil connects the pulse power, and the pulse power gives the pulsed magnetic field coil power supply；
The section of the ring-like magnetic yoke is in the rectangular frame type of a band gap, and the gap is opened in the inner side edge of ring-like magnetic yoke
Between position；
The stationary magnetic field coil is located at the cavity inside of ring-like magnetic yoke；The relatively ring-like magnetic yoke of first and second stationary magnetic field coil
Gap is symmetrical above and below；
The pulsed magnetic field coil is located at the cavity inside of ring-like magnetic yoke；The relatively ring-like magnetic yoke of first and second pulsed magnetic field coil
Gap is symmetrical above and below.
Top margin of first and second stationary magnetic field coil respectively close to rectangular frame type, bottom edge；First and second pulsed magnetic field
Coil is close to the gap of ring-like magnetic yoke.
The big 0.2-0.5mm of thickness of the width in gap metal specimen more to be tested.
The ring-like magnetic yoke with a thickness of the insulation silicon steel plate packing of 0.2mm by forming.
The metal specimen to be tested is a circular sheet；Metal specimen to be tested is with a thickness of 2-5mm；Metal examination to be tested
Part is located in the gap of ring-like magnetic yoke, and the center overlapping of axles of metal specimen to be tested and ring-like magnetic yoke.
A kind of impulsive force loading method suitable for sheet metal biaxial tensile test, metal specimen test specimen to be tested is set
In in the gap of ring-like magnetic yoke, and make its center overlapping of axles with ring-like magnetic yoke；
Stationary magnetic field coil power supply is given using DC power supply, stationary magnetic field is generated in ring-like magnetic yoke and gap, wherein gap location
Metal specimen to be tested in stationary magnetic field be axial component；
Pulsed magnetic field coil power supply is given using the pulse power, generates pulse current, changing magnetic field, changing magnetic field is to be tested
Circumferential inductive loop is generated in metal specimen；
Axial constant magnetic field and circumferential inductive loop interact, and generate radially outer pulse-electromagnetic force, radially outer arteries and veins
It rushes electromagnetism power drive metal specimen to be tested to deform, completes biaxial tensile test.
Stationary magnetic field and anticlockwise circumferential inductive loop axially upwards acts on, and generates radially outer pulse electricity
Magnetic force；Or stationary magnetic field axially downwardly and clockwise circumferential inductive loop act on, and generate radially outer pulse
Electromagnetic force.
The capacitance size of the pulse power and the inductance of pulsed magnetic field coil are adjusted, can be realized the load of different strain rate.
The voltage for adjusting DC power supply and the pulse power, can be realized the load of different electromagnetic force sizes.
A kind of pulse force loading device and its method suitable for sheet metal biaxial tensile test of the present invention, technical effect
It is as follows:
1, it is loaded using electromagnetic force, can be realized uniform biaxial tension loading form.
2, bite is not present in load, therefore bite stress concentration phenomenon is also not present.
3, by the pulsewidth of change electromagnetic force, it can be achieved that the load of different strain rate.
Detailed description of the invention
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples:
Fig. 1 is 2/3 diagrammatic cross-section of pulse force loading device suitable for sheet metal biaxial tensile test.
Fig. 2 is the pulse current schematic diagram of pulsed magnetic field coil.
Wherein: the first stationary magnetic field 1- coil, 1 '-the second stationary magnetic field coil, 2- the first pulsed magnetic field coil, 2 '-the
Two pulsed magnetic field coils, the ring-like magnetic yoke of 3-, the 4- pulse power, 5- DC power supply, 6- metal specimen to be tested, 7- pulse current.
Specific embodiment
A kind of pulse force loading device suitable for sheet metal biaxial tensile test, comprising:
For generating the first stationary magnetic field coil 1, second stationary magnetic field in axial constant magnetic field at 6 edge of metal specimen to be tested
Coil 1 '；
For generating the first pulsed magnetic field coil 2, the second pulsed magnetic field coil of inductive loop at 6 edge of metal specimen to be tested
2'；
For constituting the ring-like magnetic yoke 3 of stationary magnetic field magnetic loop；
The stationary magnetic field coil connects DC power supply 5, and DC power supply 5 gives the stationary magnetic field coil power supply；
The pulsed magnetic field coil connects the pulse power 4, and the pulse power 4 gives the pulsed magnetic field coil power supply；
The section of the ring-like magnetic yoke 3 is in the rectangular frame type of a band gap, and the gap is opened in the inner side edge of ring-like magnetic yoke
Middle position；
The stationary magnetic field coil is located at the cavity inside of ring-like magnetic yoke 3；The relatively ring-like magnetic yoke of first and second stationary magnetic field coil
Gap is symmetrical above and below；
The pulsed magnetic field coil is located at the cavity inside of ring-like magnetic yoke 3；The relatively ring-like magnetic yoke of first and second pulsed magnetic field coil
Gap is symmetrical above and below.
Top margin of first and second stationary magnetic field coil respectively close to rectangular frame type, bottom edge；First and second pulsed magnetic field
Coil is close to the gap of ring-like magnetic yoke.
The big 0.2-0.5mm of thickness of the width in gap metal specimen 6 more to be tested.Convenient for metal specimen 6 to be tested
It is placed in inner space, so the degree that the width in gap will be big while big compared with the thickness of metal specimen 6 to be tested again cannot mistake
Greatly, the excessive leakage magnetic flux that will lead to is more, weakens electromagnetic force.
The ring-like magnetic yoke 3 with a thickness of the insulation silicon steel plate packing of 0.2mm by forming.Ring-like magnetic yoke 3 is by with a thickness of 0.2mm
Insulation silicon steel plate packing can make there is no inductive loop in ring-like magnetic yoke 3, reduce loss.The excessively thin increased costs of silicon steel sheet, it is blocked up
Increase is then lost.
The metal specimen to be tested 6 is a circular sheet；Metal specimen to be tested 6 is with a thickness of 2-5mm；Metal to be tested
Test specimen 6 is located in the gap of ring-like magnetic yoke 3, and the center overlapping of axles of metal specimen to be tested 6 and ring-like magnetic yoke 3.
First and second stationary magnetic field coil is all traditional coil, is formed by copper wire winding, and geometric dimension is with can be simultaneously
The cavity inside of ring-like magnetic yoke 3 is placed on the first and second pulsed magnetic field coil as limitation.
The first and second pulsed magnetic field coil is all traditional coil, is formed by copper wire winding, and geometric dimension is with can be simultaneously
The cavity inside of ring-like magnetic yoke 3 is placed on the first and second stationary magnetic field coil as limitation.
The pulse power 4 uses impulse capacitor 100uF.
The DC power supply 5 uses direct-flow storage battery 400V.
A kind of impulsive force loading method suitable for sheet metal biaxial tensile test,
6 test specimen of metal specimen to be tested is placed in the gap of ring-like magnetic yoke 3, and makes the center overlapping of axles of itself and ring-like magnetic yoke 3；
Stationary magnetic field coil power supply is given using DC power supply 5, generates stationary magnetic field in ring-like magnetic yoke 3 and gap, wherein gap
Stationary magnetic field in the metal specimen to be tested 6 at place is axial component；Ignore longitudinal point based on axial direction in stationary magnetic field at this time
Amount.
Pulsed magnetic field coil power supply is given using the pulse power 4, generates pulse current, changing magnetic field, changing magnetic field exists
Circumferential inductive loop is generated in metal specimen 6 to be tested；
Axial constant magnetic field and circumferential inductive loop interact, and generate radially outer pulse-electromagnetic force, F=J × B, i.e. electric current
It can produce power with magnetic fields, axial constant magnetic field and circumferential inductive loop interact here, generate radially outer arteries and veins
Rush electromagnetic force.Radially outer pulse electromagnetic power drive metal specimen 6 to be tested deforms, and completes biaxial tensile test.Diameter
Biaxial tensile test can be realized to outside pulse-electromagnetic force, simple tension refers to the power in a direction, and it is radial at this time to
Planar there is the component of both direction in outer pulse-electromagnetic force, so referred to as biaxial tensile test.First and second stationary magnetic field
Coil series-fed, while being powered, powering off.First and second pulsed magnetic field coil series-fed, while being powered, powering off.
Stationary magnetic field and anticlockwise circumferential inductive loop axially upwards acts on, and generates radially outer pulse electricity
Magnetic force；Or stationary magnetic field axially downwardly and clockwise circumferential inductive loop act on, and generate radially outer pulse
Electromagnetic force.
The capacitance size of the pulse power 4 and the inductance of pulsed magnetic field coil are adjusted, can be realized the load of different strain rate.
The capacitor of the pulse power 4 and the inductance of pulsed magnetic field coil can change the pulsewidth of electromagnetic force, and pulsewidth is smaller, illustrates that change rate is got over
Fastly, it can be achieved with faster strain rate load.
The voltage for adjusting DC power supply 5 and the pulse power 4, can be realized the load of different electromagnetic force sizes.Electromagnetic force
Size is directly proportional by inductive loop and stationary magnetic field, and stationary magnetic field can be changed in the voltage for adjusting DC power supply 5, adjusts pulse current
Inductive loop can be changed in 4 voltage, therefore is able to achieve the load of different electromagnetic force sizes.
Embodiment:
According to shown in Fig. 1, metal specimen 6 to be tested is placed in the gap of ring-like magnetic yoke 3, and make its in ring-like magnetic yoke 3
Mandrel is overlapped；The first and second stationary magnetic field coil power supply is given using DC power supply 5, generates constant magnetic in ring-like magnetic yoke 3 and gap
, wherein the stationary magnetic field in the metal specimen to be tested 6 of gap location is axial component；The first and second arteries and veins is given using the pulse power 4
Field coil power supply is rushed, pulse current 7, changing magnetic field are generated, changing magnetic field generates circumferential direction in metal specimen 6 to be tested
Inductive loop；Axial constant magnetic field and circumferential inductive loop interact, and generate radially outer pulse-electromagnetic force；Radially outward
Pulse electromagnetic power drive metal specimen 6 to be tested deform, complete biaxial tensile test.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of pulse force loading device suitable for sheet metal biaxial tensile test, characterized by comprising:
For generating the first stationary magnetic field coil (1), second constant in axial constant magnetic field at metal specimen to be tested (6) edge
Field coil (1 ')；
For generating the first pulsed magnetic field coil (2), the second pulsed magnetic field of inductive loop at metal specimen to be tested (6) edge
Coil (2 ')；
For constituting the ring-like magnetic yoke (3) of stationary magnetic field magnetic loop；
The stationary magnetic field coil connects DC power supply (5), and DC power supply (5) gives the stationary magnetic field coil power supply；
The pulsed magnetic field coil connects the pulse power (4), and the pulse power (4) gives the pulsed magnetic field coil power supply；
The section of the ring-like magnetic yoke (3) is in the rectangular frame type of a band gap, and the gap is opened in the inside of ring-like magnetic yoke
Side middle position；
The stationary magnetic field coil is located at the cavity inside of ring-like magnetic yoke (3)；The relatively ring-like magnetic yoke of first and second stationary magnetic field coil
Gap it is symmetrical above and below；
The pulsed magnetic field coil is located at the cavity inside of ring-like magnetic yoke (3)；The relatively ring-like magnetic yoke of first and second pulsed magnetic field coil
Gap it is symmetrical above and below.
2. a kind of pulse force loading device suitable for sheet metal biaxial tensile test according to claim 1, feature
It is: top margin of first and second stationary magnetic field coil respectively close to rectangular frame type, bottom edge；First and second pulsed magnetic field coil
Close to the gap of ring-like magnetic yoke.
3. a kind of pulse force loading device suitable for sheet metal biaxial tensile test according to claim 1, feature
It is: the big 0.2-0.5mm of thickness of the width in gap metal specimen more to be tested (6).
4. a kind of pulse force loading device suitable for sheet metal biaxial tensile test according to claim 1, feature
Be: the ring-like magnetic yoke (3) with a thickness of the insulation silicon steel plate packing of 0.2mm by forming.
5. a kind of pulse force loading device suitable for sheet metal biaxial tensile test according to claim 1, feature
Be: the metal specimen (6) to be tested is a circular sheet；Metal specimen (6) to be tested is with a thickness of 2-5mm；Ensaying to be measured
Belong to test specimen (6) to be located in the gap of ring-like magnetic yoke (3), and the central axis weight of metal specimen to be tested (6) and ring-like magnetic yoke (3)
It closes.
6. a kind of impulsive force loading method suitable for sheet metal biaxial tensile test, it is characterised in that:
Metal specimen to be tested (6) test specimen is placed in the gap of ring-like magnetic yoke (3), and makes the center of itself and ring-like magnetic yoke (3)
Overlapping of axles；
Stationary magnetic field coil power supply is given using DC power supply (5), generates stationary magnetic field in ring-like magnetic yoke (3) and gap, wherein
Stationary magnetic field in the metal specimen to be tested (6) of gap location is axial component；
Using the pulse power (4) give pulsed magnetic field coil power supply, generate pulse current, changing magnetic field, changing magnetic field to
It tests in metal specimen (6) and generates circumferential inductive loop；
Axial constant magnetic field and circumferential inductive loop interact, and generate radially outer pulse-electromagnetic force, radially outer arteries and veins
It rushes electromagnetism power drive metal specimen to be tested (6) to deform, completes biaxial tensile test.
7. a kind of impulsive force loading method suitable for sheet metal biaxial tensile test according to claim 6, feature
Be: stationary magnetic field and anticlockwise circumferential inductive loop axially upwards acts on, and generates radially outer pulse electromagnetic
Power；Or stationary magnetic field axially downwardly and clockwise circumferential inductive loop act on, and generate radially outer pulse electricity
Magnetic force.
8. a kind of impulsive force loading method suitable for sheet metal biaxial tensile test according to claim 6, feature
It is: adjusts the capacitance size of the pulse power (4) and the inductance of pulsed magnetic field coil, can be realized the load of different strain rate.
9. a kind of impulsive force loading method suitable for sheet metal biaxial tensile test according to claim 6, feature
It is: adjusts the voltage of DC power supply (5) and the pulse power (4), can be realized the load of different electromagnetic force sizes.
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| CN113044244A (en) * | 2021-03-12 | 2021-06-29 | 中航西飞民用飞机有限责任公司 | Strength test loading device and loading method |
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| CN109946182B (en) | 2022-02-01 |
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Application publication date: 20190628 Assignee: Hubei Feiou Commercial Management Co.,Ltd. Assignor: CHINA THREE GORGES University Contract record no.: X2023980045280 Denomination of invention: A pulse force loading device and method suitable for biaxial tensile testing of metal sheets Granted publication date: 20220201 License type: Common License Record date: 20231102 |