A kind of railway track and track switch plasma 3D printing movement prosthetic appliance
Technical field
It the utility model is related to railway track recovery technique, and in particular to a kind of railway track and track switch plasma 3D printing
Mobile prosthetic appliance.
Background technology
Increase and the speed of service recently as rail transportation operation amount step up, the damage of railway steel rail surface
Problem is also more and more prominent, and especially switch location is even more weak link, the problems such as defect, crack easily occurs, if cannot
Timely and effectively repair, by the service life of comfortableness, even traffic safety and rail when seriously affecting train operation.
Railway track recovery technique is mainly manually welded using hand-held welding equipment at present, but manual type is worked
Intensity is larger, and due to welding when temperature be up to more than 1000 DEG C, cause weld rail mother metal molecular structure to change, weld
It is easy to crack to mend layer fragility.
With the development of science and technology, also there are the situation that track reparation is carried out using laser melting and coating technique, laser melting coating in recent years
Heat concentrate, it is small that heating cools down fast heat affected area soon, but relevant device, parts and maintenance cost are costly and efficiency
It is low, and the metal dust limitation used in soldering is strict, it is necessary to fine metal dust is used, slightly larger powder just can not normally be sent
Reach, the cost of REPAIR WELDING further increases, and is restricted the use range of laser melting coating.
Plasma melting coating technique also progressively grew up in recent years, and the technology is using plasma arc as thermal source, heat collection
In and firing rate it is fast, research shows that the efficiency of plasma cladding is about 6~10 times of laser melting coating.It is high caused by plasma arc
Temperature by metal dust and mother metal surface rapidly heating and together with melt, mixing, diffusion, solidification, beam-plasma leave after from Quench
But, cladding workpiece surface temperature is relatively low, will not damage the nearly body structure of mother metal, and can form one layer of high performance alloy-layer;Deng from
The technical thresholds such as the power supply of sub- generating means, spray gun, powder feeder are low, easy to manufacture, good reliability, safeguard using simple, to gold
Belong to dusty material adaptation extensively, utilization rate it is also high, with laser melting coating compared to plasma melting coating technique each side cost all compared with
It is low, but welding effect is suitable, therefore plasma melting coating technique is applied to railway track reparation and necessarily had broad application prospects.
Utility model content
The utility model provides a kind of railway track and track switch plasma 3D printing movement prosthetic appliance, using plasma
Melting and coating technique, 3-D technology and numerical control are combined, and devise dedicated track dolly, and fast flaw detection can be carried out to track and is repaiied
It is multiple, equipment is changed to by artificial soldering and repaired automatically, personnel labor intensity is greatly reduced and improves quality of welding repair and work effect
Rate.
In order to solve the above technical problems, technical solution adopted in the utility model is:A kind of railway track and track switch etc.
Prosthetic appliance is moved in ion 3D printing, it is characterised in that:Including plasma printing equipment, protection device of air, three-dimensional motion device,
Flaw detection scanning means, control device and for carrying their small rail car, wherein control device prints with plasma respectively
Device, protection device of air, three-dimensional motion device and flaw detection scanning means are connected.
Further technical scheme is:The plasma printing equipment includes plasma generator, welding pipette tips, water
Cooler and powder feeder and for carrying their installation carriage;The delivery port of the water cooler and the water inlet of plasma generator
It is connected, the delivery port of the plasma generator is connected with pipette tips water inlet, delivery port and the water cooler water inlet of the pipette tips
Be connected so as to form a Water-cooling circulating can plasma generator and pipette tips cooled;The plasma generator is provided with electricity
Extraction slit is simultaneously connected to its offer electric power input with powder feeder and pipette tips both positive and negative polarity respectively;The gas outlet of the protection device of air
It is connected respectively with plasma generator and powder feeder for providing protection gas and blowing powder.
Further technical scheme is:The three-dimensional motion mechanism including the use of when the X-axis that be arranged in parallel with rail slide
Platform, in same level and with guide rail that X-axis slide unit be arranged in parallel, vertical be fixed on X-axis slide unit sliding block and guide rail slide block
Between Y-axis slide unit, perpendicular to Y-axis slide unit and fix on its sliding block Z axis slide unit, parallel to Y-axis slide unit and vertical be fixed on Z
The Y2 slide units of axle slide unit, one end are fixed on the pipette tips fixture that the other end extends vertically downward on Y2 slide unit sliding blocks;The X-axis slide unit
And it is provided with installation positioning convex below guide rail;The pipette tips fixture is provided with locking mechanism.
Further technical scheme is:The X-axis slide unit, Y-axis slide unit, Z axis slide unit, Y2 slide units are that one end is provided with stepping
The straight line lead screw guide rails slide unit of motor or servomotor.
Further technical scheme is:The flaw detection scanning means is fixed on below three-dimensional motion device by fixture,
Quick scanning survey is carried out to Rail Surface in small rail car traveling process, obtains the three-D profile data of steel rail defect;Institute
Flaw detection scanning means is stated to connect and transmit three-D profile data transfer to control device.
Further technical scheme is:Professional 3D sculpting software and layered shaping are soft built in the control device
Part, executable numerical control code is converted to using embedded software after it obtains each layer three-D profile data;The control dress
Put and be connected and can be sent out to them with plasma generator, water cooler, powder feeder, three-dimensional motion device and flaw detection scanning means respectively
Send numerical control code and then carry out action control.
Further technical scheme is:The small rail car includes carrier, rail wheel and for connecting carrier
And the support of rail wheel;The carrier is welded into the latticed skeleton structure of generally rectangle using light-weight metal tubing;
The rail wheel uses the step shaft-like T-shaped wheel of insulating materials, and the rail wheel axis is small axle perpendicular to track
Outwards install end face;Described carrier one end and the both sides of the edge of parallel track are symmetrically provided with two groups of three-dimensional motion devices and positioned
Hole.
Further technical scheme is:The installation carriage includes wheel and support body, and its support body uses light-weight metal pipe
Material is welded, and is needed to may be configured as two layers or multilayer according to the shape of carrier and space layout;Support body the superiors side
Appropriate location, which is provided with, at edge is used for the handrail for promoting installation carriage and the neck for placing pipette tips.
Further technical scheme is:The protection device of air includes argon bottle and small handcart;Set on the small handcart
There is argon bottle fixed mechanism.
Further technical scheme is:The control device is also provided with manual control panel and is used to individually control three-dimensional
The action of motion.
It is using beneficial effect caused by above-mentioned technical proposal:Repaired automatically for equipment by manually changing soldering, significantly
Reduce personnel labor intensity and improve quality of welding repair and operating efficiency.
Brief description of the drawings
The utility model is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
Fig. 1 is assembling schematic diagram of the present utility model (being free of connection);
Fig. 2 is small rail car structural representation of the present utility model;
Fig. 3 is installation carriage structural representation of the present utility model;
Fig. 4 is three-dimensional motion device schematic diagram of the present utility model;
Fig. 5-a are steel rail defect schematic diagrames;
Fig. 5-b are pipette tips movement locus schematic diagrams when opening Y2 slide units.
Wherein:
1- small rail cars, 2- plasma printing equipments, 3- protection device of air, 4- three-dimensional motion devices, 5- flaw detection scanning dresses
Put, 6- control devices, 7- rail, 101- carriers, 102- rail wheels, 103- supports, 104- positioning holes, 201- installations are small
Car, 2011- wheels, 2012- support bodys, 2013- handrails, 2014- necks, 202- plasma generators, 203- water coolers, 204- are sent
Powder device, 205- pipette tips, 301- argon bottles, 302- small handcarts, 401-X axle slide units, 402- guide rails, 403-Y axle slide units, 404-Z axles
Slide unit, 405-Y2 slide units, 406- pipette tips fixtures, 4011-X axle slide unit positioning convex, 4021- guide rail positioning convex, 701- rail
Defect.
Embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing in the utility model embodiment, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the utility model is carried out clear
Chu, it is fully described by, it is clear that described embodiment is only part of the embodiment of the present utility model, rather than whole
Embodiment.Based on the embodiment in the utility model, those of ordinary skill in the art are not under the premise of creative work is made
The every other embodiment obtained, belong to the scope of the utility model protection.
Many details are elaborated in the following description in order to fully understand the utility model, but this practicality is new
Type can also be different from other manner described here using other to be implemented, and those skilled in the art can be without prejudice to this reality
With doing similar popularization in the case of new intension, therefore the utility model is not limited by following public specific embodiment.
As Figure 1-4, a kind of railway track and track switch plasma 3D printing movement prosthetic appliance, it is characterised in that:Bag
Include plasma printing equipment 2, protection device of air 3, three-dimensional motion device 4, flaw detection scanning means 5, control device 6 and for holding
Carry their small rail car 1, wherein control device 6 respectively with plasma printing equipment 2, protection device of air 3, three-dimensional motion device
4 and flaw detection scanning means 5 be connected.Plasma printing equipment 2 and the protection own wt of device of air 3 are tens kilograms, during operation
If it is very big to be transported to labor intensity on track together with them, therefore each device is installed on small rail car 1 above, and
It can be unloaded down from small rail car 1 as independent unit exclusive use.
Preferably, the plasma printing equipment 2 includes plasma generator 202, welding pipette tips 205, water cooler 203
And powder feeder 204 and for carrying their installation carriage 201.
Because in welding the position of pipette tips 205 by the lasting high temperature for producing more than 1000 DEG C melting metal dust, wait from
Electronic generator 202 can also cause apparatus body temperature higher because of continuous firing, if things go on like this be likely to cause the damage of equipment, because
This must be provided with cooling device and carries out continued down to them, and delivery port and the plasma of the utility model water cooler 203 occur
The water inlet of device 202 is connected, and the delivery port of the plasma generator 202 is connected with the water inlet of pipette tips 205, the pipette tips 205
Delivery port be connected with the water inlet of water cooler 203 can plasma generator 202 and pipette tips 205 so as to form a Water-cooling circulating
Cooled.
The plasma generator 202 is provided with power output, and it is attached to be provided to its periphery after conversion voltage or electric current
It is defeated that equipment, such as power output of the present utility model are connected to its offer electric power with powder feeder 204 and the both positive and negative polarity of pipette tips 205 respectively
Enter.
The gas outlet of the protection device of air 3 is connected with plasma generator 202 and powder feeder 204 for providing guarantor respectively
Protect gas and blow powder.Protection gas of the present utility model uses this inert gas of argon gas, and argon gas is when being delivered to pipette tips, in pipette tips tungsten
Pole is ignited as non-arc by the vibration ionization of high frequency electric, that is, plays non-arc, now part argon gas is used as reaction gas in rifle
Body, which exists, is in plasma state, as ion-gas, and non-arc is carried out welding base metal and metal increasing material powder fusing after switching to minor arc
Welding, molten bath is formed in welding substrate surface, the oxidation when presence of argon gas can farthest avoid welding, makes soldering layer more
Add wear-resisting.Another effect of protection device of air 3 is defeated as metal powder material after its argon gas inside is applied into certain pressure
Metal powder, can be blown into pipette tips 205 by the power sent, metal dust at pipette tips by the beam-plasma melting of high temperature so as to mother
Material is implemented in combination with welding.
The three-dimensional motion device 4 including the use of when be arranged in parallel with rail X-axis slide unit 401, in same level
And the Y-axis that is fixed on X-axis slide unit sliding block and guide rail slide block on vertical with guide rail 402 that X-axis slide unit be arranged in parallel, both ends side
Slide unit 403, the Z axis slide unit 404 being fixed on perpendicular to Y-axis slide unit and bottom plate one end on Y-axis sliding block, parallel to Y-axis slide unit and bottom
The vertical Y2 slide units 405 for being fixed on Z axis slide unit in plate one end, one end are fixed on the other end on Y2 slide unit sliding blocks and extended vertically downward
Pipette tips fixture 406;The lower section of X-axis slide unit 401 and guide rail 402 is provided with installation positioning convex 4011,4021, and this is positioned
Corresponding positioning hole can be easily installed in place on projection insertion carrier;The pipette tips fixture 406 is provided with locking mechanism,
Play a part of fixed pipette tips in three-dimensional motion device automatic welding, in the case of some special stations, can easily unlock,
Remove welding gun and carry out hand-held operation.
Control device can utilize numerical control code control X, Y, Z axis slide unit three-shaft linkage, realize in any dynamic of three dimensions
Make, pipette tips is accurate to up to rail and track switch position to be repaired and complete the action of specified path, successively complete to repair.Because of welding
When beam-plasma diameter there was only 3~5mm, thus the cladding width a formed is also narrower, when steel rail defect width L is larger, needs
X, Y-axis slide unit is wanted to join together repeatedly to move back and forth the cladding welding that could complete wherein one layer, the time is grown, and welding efficiency is low.
To improve welding efficiency, the utility model is additionally arranged Y2 slide units, it can while other slide units move along Y direction with certain
Amplitude b (b>A) high-frequency reciprocating moves, and the movement locus that now X-axis slide unit links synthesized by pipette tips with Y2 slide units is equivalent to shape
Into a=b cladding width, the reciprocating motion of X, Y slide unit can be thus reduced, is completed in a relatively short time weldering
Connect.For example, such as Fig. 5-a, shown in 5-b, for A arrows direction to repair direction, dotted line is that pipette tips move rail in wherein Fig. 5-b
Mark, surrounding heavy line are that railroad flawses overlook profile, and C points are pipette tips original position, as steel rail defect width L=10mm to be repaired
When, it can directly set the past complex magnitude b=L=10mm, the cladding width a=that now repairing compound is actually formed upwards of Y2 slide units
B=L=10mm, because of a=L, now X, the linkage of Y-axis slide unit are without back and forth can disposably complete to repair.Y2 slide units are according to difference
Cladding width selective actuation, and it moves back and forth original position, frequency and amplitude b can be programmed.
Preferably, the X-axis slide unit, Y-axis slide unit, Z axis slide unit, Y2 slide units are that one end is led provided with stepper motor straight line leading screw
Rail slide unit or one end are provided with the straight line lead screw guide rails slide unit of servomotor, and it is higher to move steady and precision using the type slide unit.
Preferably, the flaw detection scanning means is fixed on the lower section of three-dimensional motion device 4 by fixture, for example, Y can be arranged on
On axle slide unit bottom or pipette tips fixture 406.Quick scanning survey is carried out to Rail Surface in small rail car traveling process, obtained
The three-D profile data of steel rail defect;The flaw detection scanning means 5 connects and transmits three-D profile data transfer to control device
6。
Preferably, 3D sculpting software and layered shaping software professional built in the control device 6, each layer is obtained at it
Executable numerical control code is converted to after three-D profile data using embedded software;The control device 6 respectively with plasma
Generator 202, water cooler 203, powder feeder 204, three-dimensional motion device 4 and flaw detection scanning means 5 are connected and can sent to them
Numerical control code and then progress action control.
Preferably, the small rail car includes carrier 101, rail wheel 102 and for connecting carrier and railcar
The support 103 of wheel;The carrier 101 is welded into the latticed skeleton structure of generally rectangle using light-weight metal tubing, is
Firm each device of installation is reasonably laid out welding metal tubing according to the profile of carried device;Because of two equal bands of track
Electricity, therefore the wheel of railcar 102 need to use the higher insulating materials of intensity, such as nylon, the shape of rail wheel 102 uses Step Shaft
Shape T-shaped wheel, wheel and the track actual face contacted when small axle axial plane is advances in orbit, big axle axial plane are advanced for other places
When wheel and road surface actual contact surface, when rail wheel axis is perpendicular to track or traveling during installation and parallel track carrying
Frame edge, and small axial end is outside, i.e., positioned at track both sides rail wheel on the basis of the center line of two tracks small axle
The outside mirror-image arrangement in end face;Described one end of carrier 101 and the both sides of the edge of parallel track are symmetrically provided with two groups of three-dimensional motions
The positioning hole 104 of device, this two groups of positioning holes correspond to two stations of three-dimensional motion device respectively, i.e., each station corresponding one
Bar orbital position, maintenance personal can exchange three-dimensional motion device installation station according to being actually needed.
The own wt of plasma printing equipment 2 has reached tens kilograms, and internal each part also has complicated circuit to connect
Connect, for portable dismounting, therefore devise the installation carriage for carrying it, it is preferred that the installation of plasma printing equipment is small
Car includes wheel 2011 and support body 2012, and its support body is welded using light-weight metal tubing, according to the shape and sky of carrier
Between layout need to may be configured as two layers or multilayer;Support body the superiors edge appropriate location, which is provided with, to be used to promote installation carriage
Handrail 2013 and neck 2014 for placing pipette tips 205, pipette tips can be accommodated in this during no operatton.
Preferably, the protection device of air 3 includes argon bottle 301 and small handcart 302, and the small handcart is provided with argon bottle
Fixed mechanism 3021.Because argon bottle itself is heavier, for portable dismounting, so small handcart is provided with, it is small for guarantee gas safety
Stroller 302 is additionally provided with fixed mechanism 3021, and the fixed mechanism can be the shelf being welded using light-weight metal tubing, also may be used
To use metal bracelet bundled fixed.
Preferably, the control device be also provided with manual control panel be used for individually control three-dimensional motion mechanism and wait from
The action of child print device.For some particular cases, also can individually be controlled using manual control panel without using numerical control operating
Relevant action, realize quick repair.
The utility model is changed to equipment by artificial soldering and repaired automatically, greatly reduces personnel labor intensity and improves weldering
Mend quality and operating efficiency.