CN206920863U - A kind of new astronomical surveing measurement and control instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of new astronomical surveing measurement and control instrument, housing sets mainboard, the mainboard is connected to the power module to main board power supply, mainboard sets time service module, USBHUB modules and tablet personal computer interface, the USBHUB modules connect telegraph key trigger, the time service module with the single-chip microcomputer, timing unit, the time receiving unit that calculate processing function by forming, the single-chip microcomputer connection timing unit, time receiving unit.The utility model integrates the parts such as time service module, computer, telegraph key trigger, antenna and expansion interface, each connecting line and supplying cell, composite measurement processing equipment with functions such as time measurement, measuring equipment, calculating processing, based on receiving satellite (BD/GPS) time signal, using shortwave (BPM), low-frequency time-code (BPC) time signal as standby, the external time source of multipath receives means, solve complex electromagnetic environment and the in particular cases availability issue of external time source standard time, improve field work efficiency.

Description

A kind of new astronomical surveing measurement and control instrument

Technical field

Field of measuring technique is the utility model is related to, more particularly, to a kind of new astronomical surveing measurement and control instrument.

Background technology

Astrogeodetic surveying, also referred to as astronomical geodetic, it is the day that survey station point in ground is resolved by observing the position of celestial body The astronomical azimuth of literary longitude and latitude and the point to target point.Astrogeodetic surveying be mainly used in level Geoid, satellite and The high-precision pointed collar domains such as medium-long range arm discharge, aerospace science experiment.Because celestial body ceaselessly ran at high speed at a moment, Therefore, it is necessary at the time of accurately determining corresponding while position of heavenly body is observed.

Astronomical surveing measurement and control instrument (english abbreviation ASCA, Astronomical Surveying and Control Apparatus), it is mainly used in completing time synchronized in astrogeodetic surveying, Time transfer receiver, punctual, timing, control measuring instrument Device finds the task such as observed object and control observation, collection measurement data, compensating computation processing, Quality supervision and result's management. In the prior art, the method for minute mainly has two kinds in geodesic astronomy observation：As shown in figure 1, one kind is to use GPS time service lists Member is used as the application model of local clock as external time source, using independent clock (constant temperature quartz clock or atomic clock)；Such as Fig. 2 institutes Show, another kind is to use GPS time service units as external time source, using computer-internal clock as local clock using mould Formula.(i.e. the time is same when the first application model using the time that GPS time service units receive as the standard time is local clock pair Step), directly gather the observation moment from local clock in observation.The purpose that second application model receives gps time signal is mainly At the time of corrected Calculation machine internal clocking, i.e., at interval of 1 hour or so the gps time signal for receiving about 1 minute, 11 are completed altogether Repeatedly after such work, the clock correction and clock rate of computer-internal clock are calculated, this process is referred to as Time transfer receiver, abbreviation ratio When.Observe every night forward and backward, be respectively necessary for completing when once comparing.Above-mentioned pattern has the disadvantage that：Awarded using satellite is used alone Shi Fangfa, although the satellite time transfer such as BD, GPS with it is round-the-clock, high-precision, easy to use the advantages that, because civil nature is strong, various countries The signals such as GPS can be interfered using various ways more, satellite time transfer is under special circumstances easily by electromagnetic environment, falseness The interference of information, deception etc., in some instances it may even be possible to by the artificial attack for damaging satellite；And use the punctual side of microcomputer internal clocking Formula, increase the field measurement time and depend on satellite-signal unduly, because microcomputer can not carry out other stronger operations, must exit disease Malicious guard process etc., the relative clock drift speed of most computers clock is in 1E^-4To 1E^-5Between, satellite time signals with About 1ms clock drift can be produced after computer synchronization 10s~2m, when often crossing 10s~2m need to be carried out with satellite time signals Clock is synchronous, and this not only increases host resource consumption, astronomical surveing transition is relied on satellite-signal, if calculated by establishing The clock drift model of machine is modified, it is necessary to is observing forward and backward carry out Time transfer receiver every night, such Time transfer receiver will consume When 10~30 hours, so not only considerably increase the field measurement time, once and therebetween satellite-signal lose, will seriously drop Low measurement accuracy even results in the calcellation processing of these Measurement results.Meanwhile time service is at least included in current measuring apparatus Unit, computer and supporting measuring apparatus connecting line, serial data connection, charger line, reception antenna, USB connect Line, telegraph key line etc., equipment part is scattered, and cable is more, therefore, when equipment is deployed, all kinds of antennas occurs, line is easily wound, trembles with fear Cold day gas has been lost, and measurement is finished when receipts are surveyed easily forgets the problems such as losing cable again, influences operating efficiency.

Utility model content

The problem of being illustrated for above-mentioned background technology, technical problem to be solved in the utility model are to provide a kind of knot Structure is simple, small volume, can improve the new astronomical surveing measurement and control instrument of field work efficiency.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides following technical scheme：

A kind of new astronomical surveing measurement and control instrument, housing set mainboard, and the mainboard is connected to the power supply to main board power supply Module, mainboard set time service module, USBHUB modules and tablet personal computer interface, the USBHUB modules connection telegraph key triggering Device, by being formed with the single-chip microcomputer, timing unit, the time receiving unit that calculate processing function, the single-chip microcomputer connects the time service module Connect timing unit, time receiving unit.

In above-mentioned technical proposal, the housing sets display screen, and display screen is connected with single-chip microcomputer.

It is the communications cable and electric wire inside the support bar, support bar one end is fixed in housing in above-mentioned technical proposal Side, other end are antenna and illuminating lamp.

In above-mentioned technical proposal, the communication interface is eight pin serial communication interfaces.

In above-mentioned technical proposal, in addition to the tablet personal computer being connected by tablet personal computer interface with mainboard, the housing are set The support for placing tablet personal computer is put, the support sets the rotary shaft that can rotate regulation angle.

In above-mentioned technical proposal, the timing unit is by constant temperature quartz clock/atomic clock, frequency divider, clock control circuit, measurement electricity Road, shaping and trigger etc. form.

In above-mentioned technical proposal, the battery module is linked in sequence by charger, battery, power conversion and formed, external electricity The charged device in source is battery unit charging, then is whole time service module power supply after power conversion.

In above-mentioned technical proposal, the time receiving unit includes BD OEM plates, the GP SOEM being connected respectively with single-chip microcomputer Plate, BPM receiving processing circuits, BPC signal receiving circuits.Each OEM plates and receiving processing circuit are individually the independent progress time receiving, They are connected with single-chip microcomputer respectively in time service module, and outside time service module, they are connected with its antenna.

The utility model integrate time service module (quartz clock containing constant temperature or atomic clock clock, can receive BD and gps satellite, The time signals such as BPM shortwaves, BPC low-frequency time-codes award unit), computer, telegraph key trigger, antenna and expansion interface, each connection The part such as line and supplying cell, the composite measurement processing with functions such as time measurement, measuring equipment, calculating processing are set It is standby, based on receiving satellite (BD/GPS) time signal, using shortwave (BPM), low-frequency time-code (BPC) time signal as standby, The external time source of multipath receives means, solves complex electromagnetic environment and in particular cases external time source standard time Availability issue；Built-in long-term punctual precision is better than the constant temperature quartz clock or miniature atomic clock of Millisecond, can not only improve the earth The discretionary security of astronomical surveing, it can also improve field astronomical surveing precision；Miniaturization, integrated, intelligentized astronomical observing and controlling Instrument and built-in application software, make operation more convenient, integration of equipments degree is higher, and volume weight reduces about 1 half, sand of being more convenient for The operation for the Special section that the automobiles such as desert can not drive into, the rapid deployment of field astronomical surveing operation are surveyed with receiving, and improve field Operating efficiency.

Brief description of the drawings

, below will be to embodiment in order to illustrate more clearly of the utility model embodiment or technical scheme of the prior art Or the required accompanying drawing used is briefly described in description of the prior art, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only It is some embodiments of the utility model, for those of ordinary skill in the art, before creative labor is not paid Put, other accompanying drawings can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present utility model.

Fig. 2 is time service module structural representation of the present utility model.

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the utility model case panel.

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the utility model hull outside.

Wherein：1 it is handle, 2 be left hole, 3 be rear gaging hole, 4 is tablet personal computer.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing of the present utility model, the technical solution of the utility model is clearly and completely described, Obviously, described embodiment is only the utility model part of the embodiment, rather than whole embodiments.Based on this practicality Embodiment in new, the every other reality that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made Example is applied, belongs to the scope of the utility model protection.

According to Fig. 1, Fig. 3, as a kind of new astronomical surveing measurement and control instrument shown in embodiment, housing sets mainboard, The housing sets display screen, and display screen is connected with single-chip microcomputer, guidance panel is set on housing, satellite day is provided with panel Line, total powerstation interface, telegraph key trigger button, tablet personal computer, indicator lamp, time receiving interface, mouse, total powerstation interface are 8 pin strings Row communication interface is connected with mainboard, drawn out cable, can connect the measuring instruments such as total powerstation and electronic theodolite.Non- 8 needle interface makes It is connected again with measuring instrument with standby switching interface, indicator lamp is included in indicator of the power supply status and battery capacity indication lamp, with housing The corresponding circuit connection in portion.

Mainboard is connected to the power module to main board power supply, and mainboard sets time service module, USBHUB modules and flat board Computer interface, USBHUB modules connection telegraph key trigger, USBHUB mainly realize the expanded function of equipment interface, telegraph key trigger Effect be the data acquiring and recordings such as the angle for the clock face moment and total station survey for triggering local clock, distance, in housing shell The data such as settings button at guidance panel, clock face moment and measurement angle, distance for manually or automatically triggering time service module Acquisition and recording.

Be the communications cable and electric wire inside support bar, support bar one end is fixed on case inside, other end be antenna with Illuminating lamp, support bar are used to support BD and gps antenna and illuminating lamp, antenna cable and electric wire are penetrated inside support bar, left end is solid Due to case inside, right-hand member is antenna and illuminating lamp, is pulled upwardly in support bar right-hand member vertical with guidance panel i.e. to support bar It can start to include satellite time signals, if surrounding has shelter to influence reception signal, satellite antenna mushroom head can also be twisted Get off, pull out whole satellite antenna cables away from shelter, to find suitable position and receive satellite-signal.

Tablet personal computer is arranged on housing upper face, and the angle of pitch of freely adjustable flat board by an adjustable support Degree, the physical connection and mutual data that mainboard, the power supply of tablet personal computer and enclosure interior etc. are realized by panel interface are led to Letter and power supply.

According to Fig. 2, time service module is by with single-chip microcomputer, timing unit, time receiving unit and the electricity for calculating processing function Cell stack is into single-chip microcomputer connects timing unit, time receiving unit and battery unit through data-interface, and timing unit is by constant temperature quartz Clock/atomic clock, frequency divider, clock control circuit, measuring circuit, shaping and trigger etc. form.Battery module by charger, battery, Power conversion is linked in sequence composition, and the charged device of external power supply is battery unit charging, then after power conversion is whole time service Module for power supply.

Time receiving unit include be connected respectively with single-chip microcomputer BD OEM plates, GP SOEM plates, BPM receiving processing circuits, BPC signal receiving circuits.BD OEM plates, GP SOEM plates, BPM receiving processing circuits, BPC signal receiving circuits belong to existing Technology, each OEM plates and receiving processing circuit be individually it is independent carry out the time receiving, in time service module they respectively with single-chip microcomputer phase Connection, outside time service module, they are connected with its antenna.

Timing and the operation principle of time receiving unit are：Between the single-chip microcomputer and tablet personal computer (i.e. main control computer) of time service module Using RS232-C standard signal interfaces, the working method of asynchronous communication is employed, is developed first by protocol conventions on single-chip microcomputer Go out the series of instructions that can recognize that and perform, tablet personal computer is made with sending corresponding instruction through serial line interface, and single-chip microcomputer receives These instructions, and complete corresponding operating.

In timing unit, by taking quartz clock (being also crystal oscillator) as an example, crystal oscillator output is sine wave warp point Frequency device is processed into square wave, then after clock control circuit is handled, single-chip microcomputer is passed to as time counting pulse.When opening measurement and control instrument During power supply, the command status to be subjected such as single-chip microcomputer is in, after main control computer sends clear command, the time counting of measurement and control instrument It is cleared, and starts time counting.After main control computer sends riming instructions or touches telegraph key trigger by hand, single-chip microcomputer is just The counting of record now.The numerical value is transmitted to main control computer through serial ports, with initialization time it is cumulative be current local clock when Between.Often send a riming instructions or touch a telegraph key trigger, record a time counting.This state is referred to as timing shape State.

After main control computer sends the instruction of (a certain type in BD, GPS, BPM, BPC) time receiving, the receiver of the type Into time receiving state, and start continuously to receive pulse per second (PPS) time signal.Because the purpose in time receiving is to complete to this The Time transfer receiver of ground clock, therefore, timing this moment must be completed while external source second signal is received, outside second signal and this Local clock corresponding to moment counts one complete time receiving information of composition, and the information is transmitted to main control computer processing through serial ports and is: " outside source time (day month year Hour Minute Second form) ddmmyyhhmmss, local clock time ddmmyyhhmmss.ssss (day month years The fractional part form of Hour Minute Second seconds) " preserve afterwards.Time receiving state shielding triggering telegraph key trigger action, until main control computer Time receiving END instruction is sent, measurement and control instrument just recovers time status.

According to Fig. 4, handle, left hole, the tightness of fixed flat planar computer bracket is adjusted, uses inner hexagon spanner Adjusted after alignment.Rear side aperture, the tightness of Module of aerial is adjusted, adjusted after being aligned with inner hexagon spanner.

Measurement and control instrument case top lid can take apart, raise upper lid to horizontal level when taking apart, gently above pushing away to remove Upper lid.

It is described above, only specific embodiment of the present utility model, but the scope of protection of the utility model is not limited to In this, any one skilled in the art can readily occur in change in the technical scope that the utility model discloses Or replace, it should all cover within the scope of protection of the utility model.Therefore, the scope of protection of the utility model should be described with power The protection domain that profit requires is defined.

Claims (4)

1. A kind of 1. new astronomical surveing measurement and control instrument, it is characterised in that：Housing sets mainboard, and the mainboard is connected to supply to mainboard The power module of electricity, mainboard set time service module, USBHUB modules and tablet personal computer interface, the USBHUB modules connection electricity Key trigger, the time service module with the single-chip microcomputer, timing unit, the time receiving unit that calculate processing function by forming, the list Piece machine connection timing unit, time receiving unit.
2. A kind of 2. new astronomical surveing measurement and control instrument according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The housing sets display Screen, display screen are connected with single-chip microcomputer.
3. A kind of 3. new astronomical surveing measurement and control instrument according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：The case inside is consolidated Determine support bar one end, be the communications cable and electric wire inside the support bar, support rod shell other end is antenna and illuminating lamp.
4. A kind of 4. new astronomical surveing measurement and control instrument according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Also include passing through tablet personal computer The tablet personal computer that interface is connected with mainboard, the housing are provided for placing the support of tablet personal computer, and the support is set can be with The rotary shaft of rotation regulation angle.