CN206903797U - A kind of put-put electrically activates and TRT - Google Patents
A kind of put-put electrically activates and TRT Download PDFInfo
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- CN206903797U CN206903797U CN201720823015.7U CN201720823015U CN206903797U CN 206903797 U CN206903797 U CN 206903797U CN 201720823015 U CN201720823015 U CN 201720823015U CN 206903797 U CN206903797 U CN 206903797U
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- 230000005347 demagnetization Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
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- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 16
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Abstract
A kind of put-put is the utility model is related to electrically activate and TRT, including flywheel assembly, stator coil component, ignition coil assembly, engine crankshaft, starting switch and storage battery, the flywheel assembly is arranged on engine crankshaft, the rotation of flywheel assembly can drive engine crankshaft rotation, permanent magnet is provided with the outer circumference side of flywheel shell, multipair rotor with salient pole is uniformly provided with the inside circumference side of flywheel shell, without using permanent magnet on the inside of flywheel shell of the present utility model, permanent magnet demagnetization and hydraulic performance decline caused by avoiding engine high-temperature；The stator coil component includes stator coil winding and control board, and the utility model is made under the control of control board while is had to electrically activate and generating function, so as to largely reduce the volume and weight of device；The start-up mode of the present apparatus has a characteristic of low-speed big, and peak point current during startup is significantly lower than traditional mode, is advantageous to further reduce production cost.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a mechanical design and manufacturing technical field, concretely relates to small-size engine electric start and power generation facility.
Background
The existing small gasoline engine (including motorcycle engine) uses the electricity to start and the generating set usually adopts and installs the gear ring on the outer circumference of flywheel body, the direct current machine drives the gear ring to make the flywheel installed on crankshaft rotate through the clutch, after reaching certain speed the engine enters the self-running; the permanent magnet is arranged on the inner side of the flywheel, the stator coil is arranged on the corresponding engine box, and when the engine is started and reaches the working rotating speed, the generator generates electricity to charge the storage battery and outputs direct-current voltage.
The use of existing electric starting and generating devices has the following drawbacks:
1. the volume and the weight are large, and the cost is high;
2. the permanent magnet arranged on the inner side of the flywheel is close to the engine box body and has poor heat dissipation, so that the permanent magnet is easy to demagnetize and reduce the performance at high temperature, and the power generation output capacity is reduced;
3. the peak current is large when the battery is started, so that the capacity of the starting battery is required to be large.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of this, the utility model aims at overcoming the not enough of prior art, provide a small-size engine electric starting and power generation facility, the device can effectively avoid the engine high temperature to lead to the problem that the permanent magnet performance descends to the device is small, light in weight, with low costs.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme: a small-sized engine electric starting and generating set comprises a flywheel assembly, a stator coil assembly, an ignition coil assembly, an engine crankshaft, a starting switch and a storage battery; wherein,
the flywheel assembly is arranged on the engine crankshaft, the engine crankshaft can be driven to rotate by the rotation of the flywheel assembly, the flywheel assembly comprises a flywheel shell, permanent magnets are arranged on the circumference of the outer side of the flywheel shell, the permanent magnets are used for indicating ignition positions and providing ignition energy, and a plurality of pairs of rotor salient poles are uniformly arranged on the circumference of the inner side of the flywheel shell;
the stator coil assembly is installed on an engine box body and comprises a stator core, a stator coil winding, a control circuit board and a rotor salient pole position sensor, and the stator core and the rotor salient pole are radially concentric and axially overlapped.
Ignition coil assembly installs on the engine box, just ignition coil assembly's mounted position with the adjacent correspondence in permanent magnet position, ignition coil assembly includes stator coil, ignition circuit, high-voltage coil and high-tension line, stator coil and high-voltage coil all with the ignition circuit electricity is connected, high-voltage coil still passes through the high-tension line is connected with engine spark plug electricity.
Preferably, the small-sized engine electric starting and generating device further comprises a flywheel windshield, the flywheel windshield is installed on the engine box body, and the flywheel assembly, the stator coil assembly, the ignition coil assembly, the engine crankshaft and the starting switch are all sealed in the flywheel windshield.
Preferably, the stator coil windings and the rotor salient pole position sensors are electrically connected to the control circuit board, respectively.
Preferably, the control circuit board comprises a single chip microcomputer, the single chip microcomputer is provided with at least 3 input interfaces, at least 4 PWM output interfaces and a multi-channel AD conversion interface, the rotor salient pole position sensor acquires position information of a rotor salient pole and transmits the information to the single chip microcomputer through the control circuit board, and the single chip microcomputer judges the operation stage of the engine according to the position information and starts PWM in a normal operation mode (an electric starting stage and a power generation stage).
Preferably, in the phase of electrical starting of the engine, the rotor salient pole position sensor collects position information of the rotor salient pole and transmits the information to the single chip microcomputer on the control circuit board, and the single chip microcomputer controls and switches the current of the stator coil winding according to the received position information of the rotor salient pole so as to enable the flywheel assembly to rotate continuously.
Preferably, in the electrical starting stage of the engine, the flywheel assembly continuously rotates to enable the permanent magnet on the flywheel assembly and the stator coil of the ignition coil assembly to generate relative motion, cuts magnetic lines of force to generate current, and enables the high-voltage coil to generate high voltage under the action of the ignition circuit, the generated high voltage is transmitted to the spark plug through the high-voltage wire to discharge, and after being ignited, gas in the engine cylinder does work to push the piston to move, so that the electrical starting process of the engine is completed.
Preferably, in the power generation stage of the engine, the single chip microcomputer adjusts output duty ratios of PWM1-PWM4 according to the sampling value of the read AD conversion interface, and controls corresponding stator coil windings to be electrified at different moments, under the condition that the engine drives the flywheel to rotate, when the rotor salient pole rotates away from the stator core salient pole, the phase coil winding where the stator core salient pole is located is electrified, and when the rotor salient pole and the stator core salient pole are completely staggered, the phase coil winding stops being electrified, so that rotation resistance torque is generated, and simultaneously, after the stator coil winding stops being electrified, the stator coil winding generates inductive electric energy which is larger than the electrified electric energy, and charges the storage battery with the generated inductive electric energy through the control circuit board and outputs direct-current voltage.
Preferably, the single chip microcomputer judges the operation stage of the engine according to the information collected by the rotor salient pole position sensor, and the specific judgment steps are as follows:
s1, whether the small-sized engine is electrically started and the power generation device is started or not;
s2, when the device is started, the information collected by the rotor salient pole position sensor is transmitted to input interfaces INA, INB and INC of a single chip microcomputer, the single chip microcomputer reads the period of any one signal of the input interfaces INA, INB and INC to calculate the actual rotating speed, and the actual rotating speed is compared with a starting highest rotating speed RPM1 and a generating lowest rotating speed RPM 2;
s3, when the actual rotating speed is less than the starting maximum rotating speed RPM1, the engine is in a starting stage at the moment; when the actual rotating speed is greater than the lowest generating rotating speed RPM2, the engine is in a generating stage at the moment; when the actual rotation speed is greater than the starting maximum rotation speed RPM1 and less than the power generation minimum rotation speed RPM2, the engine is in a waiting stage at this time.
Preferably, in the operation process of the single chip microcomputer, the PWM interrupt processing steps are:
s1, judging the operation stage of the engine;
s2, if the engine is in the starting stage, the single chip microcomputer obtains the duty ratio value of the PWM1-PWM4 according to the actual rotating speed of the engine by looking up a table, determines one path of effective output of the PWM1-PWM3 according to the read level information of INA, INB and INC, and finally exits from the interrupt processing;
s3, if the power generation stage is adopted, the single chip microcomputer compares the read AD conversion interface sampling values AD-DC1 and AD-DC2 with a DC1 rated value and a DC2 rated value respectively, and adjusts PWM1-PWM4 output duty ratio according to the comparison result, and the specific steps are as follows:
s31, if the sampling value AD-DC1 is smaller than the rated value of DC1, increasing the output duty ratio of PWM1-PWM 3;
s32, if the sampling value AD-DC1 is larger than the rated value of DC1, the output duty ratio of PWM1-PWM3 is reduced;
s33, if the sampling value AD-DC2 is smaller than the rated value of DC2, increasing the output duty ratio of the PWM 4;
s34, if the sampling value AD-DC2 is larger than the rated value of DC2, the output duty ratio of the PWM4 is reduced;
and finally, the single chip microcomputer determines one path of effective output of PWM1-PWM3 according to the read level information of INA, INB and INC, and exits from the interrupt processing.
The utility model adopts the above technical scheme, engine electric starting and power generation facility includes flywheel subassembly, stator coil pack, ignition coil subassembly, engine crankshaft, starting switch and storage battery, the flywheel subassembly is installed on the engine crankshaft, the rotation of flywheel subassembly can drive engine crankshaft and rotate be provided with the permanent magnet on the outside circumference of flywheel casing, evenly be equipped with many pairs of rotor salient poles on the inside circumference of flywheel casing, the utility model discloses a flywheel casing inboard does not use the permanent magnet, has avoided permanent magnet demagnetization and the performance degradation that engine high temperature leads to; the processing procedure of the flywheel is simplified without using a gear ring, and compared with a motor and gear ring starting mode, the flywheel has the functions of electric starting and power generation simultaneously, so that the volume and the weight of the flywheel are reduced to a greater extent; the starting mode of the device has the characteristic of low speed and large torque, and the peak current during starting is obviously lower than that of the traditional mode, so that the production cost is further reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the electric starting and generating device of the engine of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic front view of a stator coil assembly according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a timing chart of the position detection signal and the clockwise coil energization when a is aligned with the rotor salient pole at the time of the electric start of the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a timing chart of position detection signals and clockwise rotation of the coil when a is aligned with the rotor salient pole during power generation according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating the main cycle control of the single chip microcomputer according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a flowchart illustrating PWM interrupt control according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a flywheel assembly; 2. a stator coil assembly; 3. an ignition coil assembly; 4. an engine crankshaft; 5. starting a switch; 6. a battery cell; 7. a flywheel housing; 8. a permanent magnet; 9. rotor salient poles; 10. a stator core; 11. a stator coil winding; 12. a control circuit board; 13. a rotor salient pole position sensor; 14. a flywheel windshield.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the utility model provides a small-sized engine electric starting and generating set, which comprises a flywheel component 1, a stator coil component 2, an ignition coil component 3, an engine crankshaft 4, a starting switch 5 and a battery 6; wherein,
the flywheel assembly 1 is installed on the engine crankshaft 4, the rotation of the flywheel assembly 1 can drive the engine crankshaft 4 to rotate, the flywheel assembly 1 comprises a flywheel shell 7, a permanent magnet 8 is arranged on the outer circumference of the flywheel shell 7, the permanent magnet 8 is used for indicating an ignition position and providing ignition energy, and a plurality of pairs of rotor salient poles 9 are uniformly arranged on the inner circumference of the flywheel shell 7;
the stator coil assembly 2 is mounted on an engine box body, the stator coil assembly 2 comprises a stator core 10, a stator coil winding 11, a control circuit board 12 and a rotor salient pole position sensor 13, and the stator core 10 and the rotor salient pole 9 are arranged in a radial concentric mode and in axial superposition;
ignition coil assembly 3 installs on the engine box, just ignition coil assembly 3's mounted position with the adjacent correspondence in permanent magnet 8 position, ignition coil assembly 3 includes stator coil, ignition circuit, high-voltage coil and high-tension line, stator coil and high-voltage coil all with the ignition circuit electricity is connected, high-voltage coil still passes through the high-tension line is connected with the engine spark plug electricity.
Further, the control circuit board 12 respectively through the lead wire with storage battery 6 and starting switch 5 are connected, starting switch 5 realizes the power supply for control circuit board 12 with two terminal short circuits on the control circuit board 12, and when starting switch 5 switched on, control circuit board 12 began work, and control circuit board 12 stopped work when the disconnection.
It is added that the device further comprises a flywheel wind shield 14, wherein the flywheel wind shield 14 is installed on the engine box body, and the flywheel assembly 1, the stator coil assembly 2, the ignition coil assembly 3, the engine crankshaft 4 and the starting switch 5 are all sealed in the flywheel wind shield 14.
It is understood that the stator coil windings 11 and the rotor salient pole position sensors 13 are electrically connected to the control circuit board 12, respectively.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the electric starting and generating device of the small-sized engine is three-phase, each phase of stator coil winding 11 corresponds to a rotor salient pole position sensor 13, the rotor salient pole position sensor 13 is a hall position sensor or a photoelectric position sensor, and the position information of the rotor salient pole is obtained by matching with a small piece of sheet-shaped permanent magnet or a photoelectric baffle on the rotor salient pole 9; the control circuit board 12 comprises a single chip microcomputer with model number PIC16F1574, the single chip microcomputer is provided with 3 input interfaces, 4 PWM output interfaces, 10-bit multi-channel AD conversion interfaces and a START starting signal, the starting signal is set to be electrified and started, the connection mode of the single chip microcomputer and an external circuit is shown in figure 2, wherein L-A, L-B, L-C is a three-phase winding of a stator coil, L1 is a high-frequency choke coil, a rotor salient pole position sensor 13 acquires position information of a rotor salient pole 9 and transmits the information to the single chip microcomputer through the 3 input interfaces, the single chip microcomputer determines that a certain phase of a stator coil winding 11 is electrified, a plurality of iron core salient poles of the phase winding generate a magnetic field, the magnetic field and an adjacent rotor salient pole 9 generate magnetic pulling force to drive a flywheel to rotate, and the single chip microcomputer switches the current of each winding timely according to the position of the, causing the flywheel assembly 1 to rotate continuously.
As shown in fig. 3 to 5, a, b, and c in the drawings are respectively voltage information acquired by the rotor salient pole position sensor 13 and read by the input interfaces INA, INB, INC of the single chip microcomputer, and the single chip microcomputer can determine that one output of the PWM1-PWM3 is used as an effective output when starting and generating power according to the voltage information, so that the power is conducted; A. b, C is the voltage information for whether each phase winding is energized, which also represents whether the PWM1-3 is active. And in the starting stage, a rotor salient pole position sensor 13 detects the relative position of the rotor salient pole 9 and the stator core 10 salient pole at the moment, and the phase of the stator core 10 salient pole which is just in non-alignment is electrified. When the salient pole of the A-phase winding stator core 10 is aligned with the salient pole 9 of the rotor, B jumps to a high level, the salient poles of the B-phase winding stator core 10 and the salient pole of the C-phase winding stator core 10 can enable the flywheel assembly 1 to rotate through electrifying, and the difference is that the B-phase electrifying is clockwise rotation, and the C-phase electrifying is anticlockwise rotation. The subsequent power-up sequence is shown in fig. 4.
The flywheel assembly 1 rotates continuously, so that the permanent magnet 8 on the flywheel assembly 1 and a stator coil of the ignition coil assembly 3 move relatively, magnetic lines of force are cut to generate current, the high-voltage coil generates high voltage under the action of the ignition circuit, the generated high voltage is transmitted to a spark plug through the high-voltage wire to discharge, gas in an engine cylinder is ignited to do work to push a piston to move, and the electric starting process of the engine is completed.
When the engine speed exceeds the maximum starting speed and can operate automatically, the control circuit board 12 turns off the driving current and waits for the further increase of the engine speed. When the working rotating speed of the generating mode is reached, the single chip microcomputer detects the relative position of the rotor salient pole 9 and the stator core 10 salient pole at the moment according to the rotor salient pole position sensor 13, the phase where the stator core 10 salient pole just aligned is located is electrified, when the A-phase winding stator core 10 salient pole is aligned to the rotor salient pole 9, the high level of the B jump is conducted, the A phase is electrified, the engine crankshaft 4 drives the flywheel to rotate, when the B-phase winding stator core 10 salient pole is aligned to the rotor salient pole 9, the B is changed into the low level, and the A phase stops being electrified. The subsequent power-on sequence is shown in fig. 5.
In the power generation stage of the engine, the single chip microcomputer adjusts the PWM1-PWM4 output duty ratio according to the read AD conversion interface sampling value, wherein the PWM1, the PWM2 and the PWM3 can respectively control A, B, C phase currents, when the phase is electrified, the current is adjusted by the duty ratios PWM1, the PWM2 and the PWM3, and the PWM4 controls the voltage reduction circuit to enable the output voltage not to exceed the highest voltage of the storage battery 6, so that voltage-stabilized output is provided during power generation, and the storage battery 6 is prevented from being damaged.
As shown in fig. 6, the specific execution steps of the single chip microcomputer main loop control flowchart are as follows:
s1, whether the small-sized engine is electrically started and the power generation device is started or not;
s2, after the device is started, the information collected by the rotor salient pole position sensor 13 is transmitted to input interfaces INA, INB and INC of a single chip microcomputer, the single chip microcomputer reads the period of any one signal of the input interfaces INA, INB and INC to calculate the actual rotating speed, and the actual rotating speed is compared with a starting maximum rotating speed RPM1 and a generating minimum rotating speed RPM 2;
s3, when the actual rotating speed is less than the starting highest rotating speed RPM1, the engine is in a starting stage at the moment, and PWM is started; when the actual rotating speed is greater than the lowest generating rotating speed RPM2, the engine is in a generating stage at the moment, and PWM is started; when the actual rotating speed is greater than the starting maximum rotating speed RPM1 and less than the generating minimum rotating speed RPM2, the engine is in a waiting stage at the moment, and PWM is turned off.
As shown in fig. 7, in the operation process of the single chip microcomputer, the PWM interrupt processing steps are as follows:
s1, judging the operation stage of the engine;
s2, if the engine is in the starting stage, the single chip microcomputer obtains the duty ratio value of the PWM1-PWM4 according to the actual rotating speed of the engine by looking up a table, determines one path of effective output of the PWM1-PWM3 according to the read level information of INA, INB and INC, and finally exits from the interrupt processing;
s3, if the power generation stage is adopted, the single chip microcomputer compares the read AD conversion interface sampling values AD-DC1 and AD-DC2 with a DC1 rated value and a DC2 rated value respectively, and adjusts PWM1-PWM4 output duty ratio according to the comparison result, and the specific steps are as follows:
s31, if the sampling value AD-DC1 is smaller than the rated value of DC1, increasing the output duty ratio of PWM1-PWM 3;
s32, if the sampling value AD-DC1 is larger than the rated value of DC1, the output duty ratio of PWM1-PWM3 is reduced;
s33, if the sampling value AD-DC2 is smaller than the rated value of DC2, increasing the output duty ratio of the PWM 4;
s34, if the sampling value AD-DC2 is larger than the rated value of DC2, the output duty ratio of the PWM4 is reduced;
and finally, the single chip microcomputer determines one path of effective output of PWM1-PWM3 according to the read level information of INA, INB and INC, and exits from the interrupt processing.
The inner side of the flywheel shell 7 of the utility model does not use a permanent magnet, thereby avoiding the demagnetization and performance reduction of the permanent magnet caused by the high temperature of the engine; the stator coil assembly 2 comprises a stator coil winding 11 and a control circuit board 12, and the utility model has the functions of electric starting and power generation simultaneously under the control of the control circuit board 12, thereby greatly reducing the volume and weight of the device; the starting mode of the device has the characteristic of low speed and large torque, and the peak current during starting is obviously lower than that of the traditional mode, so that the production cost is further reduced.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (7)
1. A small-sized engine electric starting and generating set is characterized by comprising a flywheel component, a stator coil component, an ignition coil component, an engine crankshaft, a starting switch and a storage battery; wherein,
the flywheel assembly is arranged on the engine crankshaft, the engine crankshaft can be driven to rotate by the rotation of the flywheel assembly, the flywheel assembly comprises a flywheel shell, permanent magnets are arranged on the circumference of the outer side of the flywheel shell, the permanent magnets are used for indicating ignition positions and providing ignition energy, and a plurality of pairs of rotor salient poles are uniformly arranged on the circumference of the inner side of the flywheel shell;
the stator coil assembly is installed on an engine box body and comprises a stator core, a stator coil winding, a control circuit board and a rotor salient pole position sensor, and the stator core and the rotor salient pole are radially concentric and axially overlapped.
2. An electric starting and generating apparatus for a small-sized engine according to claim 1, wherein said stator coil winding and rotor salient-pole position sensor are electrically connected to said control circuit board, respectively.
3. The small-sized engine electrical starting and generating apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein the control circuit board comprises a single chip microcomputer, the single chip microcomputer has at least 3 input interfaces, at least 4 PWM output interfaces and a multi-channel AD conversion interface, the rotor salient pole position sensor collects position information of the rotor salient pole and transmits the information to the single chip microcomputer through the control circuit board, and the single chip microcomputer determines an operation stage of the engine according to the position information and turns on PWM in a normal operation mode.
4. A small-sized engine electric starting and generating apparatus as set forth in claim 3, wherein said rotor salient-pole position sensor collects position information of said rotor salient pole and transmits the information to a single chip microcomputer on said control circuit board, said single chip microcomputer controls switching of current of said stator coil winding based on the received rotor salient-pole position information, so that said flywheel assembly is continuously rotated, in the engine electric starting stage.
5. The electrical starting and generating device for the small-sized engine as claimed in claim 3, wherein during the generating phase of the engine, the single chip microcomputer adjusts the output duty ratios of the PWM1-PWM4 according to the sampled values of the AD conversion interface, and controls the corresponding stator coil windings to be energized at different times, and the stator coil windings charge the battery with the generated inductive power and output the DC voltage through the control circuit board.
6. A small engine electrical starting and generating apparatus as set forth in claim 3 wherein said rotor salient pole position sensor is a hall position sensor or an opto-electronic position sensor.
7. The small-sized engine electric starting and generating device according to claim 3, wherein the single chip microcomputer is of the type PIC16F 1574.
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| CN201720823015.7U CN206903797U (en) | 2017-07-07 | 2017-07-07 | A kind of put-put electrically activates and TRT |
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| CN201720823015.7U CN206903797U (en) | 2017-07-07 | 2017-07-07 | A kind of put-put electrically activates and TRT |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107313885A (en) * | 2017-07-07 | 2017-11-03 | 龚治俊 | A kind of put-put is electrically activated and TRT |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107313885A (en) * | 2017-07-07 | 2017-11-03 | 龚治俊 | A kind of put-put is electrically activated and TRT |
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Effective date of registration: 20181105 Address after: 402247 B District of Chongqing double blessing Industrial Park, Jiangjin district. Patentee after: CHONGQING RUNTONG TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD. Address before: 400030 No. 252, Zheng street, Xiaolongkan District, Jiulongpo District, Chongqing, 8, 7-1 Patentee before: Gong Zhijun |