CN206900583U - A kind of waterpower propulsion system with water absorption channel - Google Patents
A kind of waterpower propulsion system with water absorption channel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN206900583U CN206900583U CN201720507124.8U CN201720507124U CN206900583U CN 206900583 U CN206900583 U CN 206900583U CN 201720507124 U CN201720507124 U CN 201720507124U CN 206900583 U CN206900583 U CN 206900583U
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- water absorption
- propeller
- absorption channel
- waterpower
- electric machine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 126
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 108091006146 Channels Proteins 0.000 description 52
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 102000011899 Aquaporin 2 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010036221 Aquaporin 2 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000010637 Aquaporins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010063290 Aquaporins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H1/00—Propulsive elements directly acting on water
- B63H1/02—Propulsive elements directly acting on water of rotary type
- B63H1/12—Propulsive elements directly acting on water of rotary type with rotation axis substantially in propulsive direction
- B63H1/14—Propellers
- B63H1/16—Propellers having a shrouding ring attached to blades
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H1/00—Propulsive elements directly acting on water
- B63H1/02—Propulsive elements directly acting on water of rotary type
- B63H1/12—Propulsive elements directly acting on water of rotary type with rotation axis substantially in propulsive direction
- B63H1/14—Propellers
- B63H1/16—Propellers having a shrouding ring attached to blades
- B63H2001/165—Hubless propellers, e.g. peripherally driven shrouds with blades projecting from the shrouds' inside surfaces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H11/00—Marine propulsion by water jets
- B63H11/02—Marine propulsion by water jets the propulsive medium being ambient water
- B63H11/04—Marine propulsion by water jets the propulsive medium being ambient water by means of pumps
- B63H11/08—Marine propulsion by water jets the propulsive medium being ambient water by means of pumps of rotary type
- B63H2011/081—Marine propulsion by water jets the propulsive medium being ambient water by means of pumps of rotary type with axial flow, i.e. the axis of rotation being parallel to the flow direction
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H23/00—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements
- B63H2023/005—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements using a drive acting on the periphery of a rotating propulsive element, e.g. on a dented circumferential ring on a propeller, or a propeller acting as rotor of an electric motor
Abstract
A kind of waterpower propulsion system with water absorption channel is the utility model is related to, belongs to waterpower ROV technical field.Including water inlet, water absorption channel, propeller, propulsion electric machine and delivery port;The propeller is located in the propulsion electric machine, and the propeller is set to be multistage.The utility model is using the multistage propeller set, it is without axle construction, being set using multistage can be in the case where guarantee meets the requirement of total propeller power and propeller is arranged in propulsion electric machine, reduce the external diameter and volume of single propulsion electric machine, avoid water absorption channel from placing oversized at motor.Meanwhile set using multistage, the ability for improving redundancy is played, in the case of one-level or two-stage propulsion electric machine failure, moreover it is possible to ensure that at least one-level works on.
Description
Technical field
A kind of waterpower propulsion system that the utility model is related to, more specifically, it the utility model is related to a kind of with suction
The waterpower propulsion system of aquaporin, belong to waterpower ROV technical field.
Background technology
Human development at present faces resource scarcity and environmental pollution, and marine resources are extremely abundant, how sustainable, environmentally friendly
Ocean is developed on ground, is the problem of determining human development destiny.Green propulsion is the important directions of following ship development, and ship discharges
Standard is more and more stricter, and the Operating ettectiveness for improving waterpower ROV is to realize one of main path that green promotes.
Ship's navigation mainly by wave making resistance, divide water resistance and frictional resistance of ship body, wherein, wave making resistance typically constitutes from always
Resistance more than 50%, large ship are limited by that resistance is big, and speed is restricted for a long time so that the marine transportation cycle is grown, large-scale
The remote delivery time length of military ships.
Secondly, over the past thousands of years, the development of ship, hull material develops into steel construction, composite structure from wooden structures,
Driving power from by manpower, animal power and wind-force (i.e. punt-pole, paddle, scull, tow and sail), develop into and driven using machine
It is dynamic.But whether erect type is first, proclined is first for the ship form design of ship, flying shear type is first, and the type that still opens ice is first, bulbous bow, several
All it is to continue the wedge structure for dividing water.Although updating in design, reduce resistance, the speed of large ship is still difficult to
Preferable degree is brought up to, the power overwhelming majority is all used to overcome ship resistance.Therefore, it is necessary to fundamentally change this point
The wedge structures of water, wave making resistance and a point water resistance are reduced to preferable degree, improve headway, reduce navigation energy consumption and
Discharge.
Again, as the development of electric propulsion, the design and arrangement of ship power system are more flexible.Plug-in pod propulsion
Structure, full circle swinging propulsion, hydraulic jet propulsion, and it is traditional with major axis driving be current electric propulsion several primary structures, but
There is no fundamentally change to divide water wedge structure, it is still necessary to overcome larger wave making resistance and point water resistance.Although it can pass through
Propulsion system power is improved, to reach the purpose of high headway, but is not most economical, energy-conserving and environment-protective modes eventually.
In summary, the propulsion system design of the waterpower ROV such as ship, underwater robot, it would be highly desirable to carry out revolution
Change, change it is almost unchanged over the past thousands of years divide water wedge shape forepart construction, be fundamentally greatly lowered wave making resistance and point
Water resistance, improve headway.
State Intellectual Property Office discloses a Publication No. CN2608418Y on March 31st, 2004, entitled " ship with
The utility model patent of the propeller of submarine ", the utility model are to be provided with guide functions in the hold of ship underwater
Ventilating water pipe, the propeller positioned at ship stern is arranged in the ventilating water pipe.Compared with the prior art, the utility model is in ship
During traveling, the current deflecting propeller in front of fore, so as to eliminate propeller rotation when blade in front of caused by low pressure to pushing away
The water entered in front of when the negative interaction brought and ship navigate by water makes the operating efficiency of propeller substantially be carried resistance caused by fore
Height, ship's speed also significantly improve, and have saved the energy, and do not influence to freight, and additionally aid the stable traveling for keeping ship.
State Intellectual Property Office discloses a Publication No. CN2350310Y on November 24th, 1999, entitled " to set
Have the speed-increasing ship of ventilating water pipe " utility model patent, the utility model is related to the propeller of ship and submarine.It is mainly
Solve the negative effect of ship, the resistance of water drainage of ship to its efficiency of navigation, and resistance of water drainage is converted into power.It is mainly constructed
To be water inlet in ship, ship front portion, it is communicated by pipeline with ship, ship rear portion delivery port.Between delivery port and water inlet
Propeller is installed in pipeline.During propeller rotational, using with water pump identical principle, the anterior water of ship, ship is sucked, from rear portion
Spray, so as to eliminate resistance of water drainage.
The problem of volume that above-mentioned prior art has power set is larger, and power is poor, and redundancy is relatively low.
Utility model content
The utility model aims to solve the problem that the deficiency of waterpower aircraft systems design in the prior art, and existing power set
Volume it is larger, the problem of power is poor, and redundancy is relatively low, there is provided a kind of waterpower propulsion system with water absorption channel, can
Wave making resistance and point water resistance are substantially reduced, improves speed of the ship in metres per second, ride easy, various ships, underwater nothing can be applied to
The waterpower ROV such as robot people, and power set small volume, power is strong, and redundancy is higher.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted in the utility model is:
A kind of waterpower propulsion system with water absorption channel, it is characterised in that:Including water inlet, water absorption channel, propeller,
Propulsion electric machine and delivery port;The propeller is located in the propulsion electric machine, and the propeller is set to be multistage.
Waterpower propulsion system of the present utility model refers to the propulsion system of ship or submarine navigation device, and water absorption channel is located at
Ship or submarine navigation device bottom.Propeller selects multi-stage hollow shaftless screw oar, in water absorption channel, propeller directly with
The rotor connection of hollow shaftless propulsion electric machine, drive axle-free.
The utility model is preferable, and described water inlet and water outlet are both provided with filter screen.
The utility model is preferable, and described water inlet is tubaeform.
The utility model is preferable, and a round estrade cartridge, the round estrade cylinder are provided with outside described delivery port
Fishtail rudder is provided with shape part.
The utility model is preferable, the propeller that multistage is set equidistant uniformly arrangement in the water absorption channel.
The utility model is preferable, and the series of described propeller is 3-5 levels.
The utility model is preferable, and the blade quantity of described propeller is 4,5 or 7.
The utility model is preferable, and a transition structure part, the transition are each provided with before and after described propulsion electric machine
The outside of structure member is cylindrical shape, and outer wall is bonded with the inwall of the water absorption channel;The transition structure part is close to institute
State that the internal diameter of the side of propeller is identical with the diameter of the propeller, and less than the internal diameter of opposite side, make the transition structure
The inside of part is bowl-shape.
The advantageous effects that the utility model is brought:
1st, the utility model is using the multistage propeller set, and propeller is arranged in propulsion electric machine, be without axle construction,
Set and can reduced the external diameter and volume of single propulsion electric machine in the case where ensureing to meet the requirement of total propeller power, keep away using multistage
Absorb-free passage is placed oversized at motor.Meanwhile set using multistage, the ability for improving redundancy is played, in one-level
Or in the case of two-stage propulsion electric machine failure, moreover it is possible to ensure that at least one-level works on.
2nd, when in use, the water for navigating by water front is sucked the utility model by tubaeform water inlet, through in water absorption channel
Multiple coil oar water conservancy diversion accelerates, and is discharged at a high speed by stern;Compared to dividing water wedge structure that water is pressed into both sides, it is necessary to the resistance overcome
It is smaller, headway can be effectively improved, effectively energy-conservation, realize emission reduction environmental protection.
3rd, the utility model is preferable, and described water inlet and water outlet are both provided with filter screen.Filter screen has automatically cleaning
Function, keep the cleaning in water absorption channel.
4th, the propulsion electric machine in water absorption channel divides multilevel design, and single propulsion electric machine breaks down, other normal propulsion electricity
Machine can continue to run with offer power;
5th, the utility model is preferable, and a transition structure part, the mistake are each provided with before and after described propulsion electric machine
The outside for crossing structure member is cylindrical shape, and outer wall is bonded with the inwall of the water absorption channel;Close to the side of the propeller
Internal diameter it is identical with the diameter of the propeller, and less than opposite side internal diameter, the inside for making the transition structure part is bowl
Shape.It is bowl structure in transition structure part, the outside of transition structure part is bonded with water absorption channel inwall, before propulsion electric machine
After be respectively arranged with transition structure, more efficiently reduce water flow resistance.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of waterpower propulsion system of the utility model with water absorption channel;
Fig. 2 is the dimensional structure diagram of waterpower propulsion system of the utility model with water absorption channel;
Fig. 3 is the assembly structure diagram of the utility model propeller and propulsion electric machine;
Fig. 4 is the assembling cross-sectional view of the utility model propeller and propulsion electric machine;
Fig. 5 is the assembling dimensional structure diagram of the utility model propeller and propulsion electric machine;
Fig. 6 is the assembly structure diagram of the utility model round estrade cartridge and Fishtail rudder;
Fig. 7 is the assembling cross-sectional view of the utility model round estrade cartridge and Fishtail rudder;
Fig. 8 is the assembling dimensional structure diagram of the utility model round estrade cartridge and Fishtail rudder;
Fig. 9 is the dimensional structure diagram of the utility model transition structure part;
Figure 10 is the assembly structure diagram of the utility model transition structure part, propeller and propulsion electric machine;
Figure 11 is the assembling cross-sectional view of the utility model transition structure part, propeller and propulsion electric machine;
Figure 12 is the assembling dimensional structure diagram of the utility model transition structure part, propeller and propulsion electric machine.
Reference:1 it is water inlet, 2 be water absorption channel, 3 be propeller, 4 be propulsion electric machine, 5 be delivery port, 6 is filter
Net, 7 be round estrade cartridge, 8 be Fishtail rudder, 9 be transition structure part.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of waterpower propulsion system with water absorption channel, including water inlet 1, water absorption channel 2, propeller 3, propulsion electric machine
4 and delivery port 5;The propeller 3 is located in the propulsion electric machine 4, and the propeller 3 is set to be multistage.
Water absorption channel 2 described in the utility model can run through hull bottom, and the water that front sucks is through water absorption channel 2 by ship
Tail delivery port is discharged.The parallel relatively independent structure of multiple water absorption channels 2 can be set in water absorption channel 2 described in the utility model,
Multiple water inlets 1 are also designed to, share the structure of a delivery port 5.Water absorption channel 2 described in the utility model is tubular type
It is or non-circular.Described waterpower propulsion system, water inlet 1 is by the water in front of the waterpower aircraft flight such as ship, underwater robot
Intake line 2, and by the propeller 3 and pipeline compression acceleration in water absorption channel 2, discharged by afterbody.Described waterpower navigation
Device underwater portion can be designed to wider, and hull is more steady.
Embodiment 2
A kind of waterpower propulsion system with water absorption channel, including water inlet 1, water absorption channel 2, propeller 3, propulsion electric machine
4 and delivery port 5;The propeller 3 is located in the propulsion electric machine 4, and the propeller 3 is set to be multistage.
Preferably, it is both provided with filter screen 6 at described water inlet 1 and delivery port 5.
Preferable or further, described water inlet 1 is tubaeform.
It is preferable or further, it is provided with a round estrade cartridge 7, the round platform outside described delivery port 5
Fishtail rudder 8 is provided with body cartridge 7.
Embodiment 3
A kind of waterpower propulsion system with water absorption channel, including water inlet 1, water absorption channel 2, propeller 3, propulsion electric machine
4 and delivery port 5;The propeller 3 is located in the propulsion electric machine 4, and the propeller 3 is set to be multistage.
Preferably, the multistage propeller 3 set equidistant uniformly arrangement in the water absorption channel 2.
Preferable or further, the series of described propeller 3 is 3-5 levels.
Preferable or further, the blade quantity of described propeller 3 is 4,5 or 7.
Embodiment 4
A kind of waterpower propulsion system with water absorption channel, including water inlet 1, water absorption channel 2, propeller 3, propulsion electric machine
4 and delivery port 5;The propeller 3 is located in the propulsion electric machine 4, and the propeller 3 is set to be multistage.
Preferably, a transition structure part 9, the transition structure part 9 are each provided with before and after described propulsion electric machine 4
Outside be cylindrical shape, and outer wall is bonded with the inwall of the water absorption channel 2;The transition structure part 9 is close to the spiral
The internal diameter of the side of oar 3 is identical with the diameter of the propeller 3, and less than the internal diameter of opposite side, makes the transition structure part 9
Inside to be bowl-shape.
Embodiment 5
Propulsion system of the present utility model includes water absorption channel 2, propulsion electric machine 4, propeller 3, delivery port 5, filter screen 6.Institute
The water absorption channel 2 stated runs through the bottom of waterpower ROV.The propeller 3 is located in water absorption channel 2.In the water absorption channel 2
Propeller for multistage.The water inlet 1 and delivery port 5 of the water absorption channel 2 be mounted on can self-cleaning attachment filter screen 6.
The flare of water inlet 1 of water absorption channel 2, is easy to the water in front of ship's navigation to be sucked into water absorption channel 2.Along suction
The axial arranged multiple coil oar 3 of aquaporin 2, propeller 3 is driven by propulsion electric machine 4, step by step accelerates the water in water absorption channel 2,
By reversible(Round estrade cartridge 7 and Fishtail rudder 8)Delivery port 5 is discharged.
Different from traditional ship propulsion system, the water absorption channel 2 that this foreign languages school uses plays a part of water conservancy diversion, will navigate by water
The water in front is guided by water absorption channel, accelerated, and the advance of waterpower ROV is pushed away so as to counter.This avoid in navigation by water to two
While separate, so as to substantially reduce wave making resistance and point water resistance.
Embodiment 6
Two water absorption channels 2 are respectively positioned at bottom at left and right sides of waterpower ROV, through waterpower ROV.Water absorption channel 2
Water inlet 1 to be tubaeform, water absorption channel 2 is circular or non-round.Multiple coil oar 3 is installed in water absorption channel 2.Water absorption channel
2 water inlet 1 and delivery port 5 is provided with filtering catch net 6.
Embodiment 7
Two or more water absorption channel 2 is distributed in waterpower ROV bottom, through waterpower ROV.The water inlet of water absorption channel 2
Mouth 1 is tubaeform, and water absorption channel 2 is circular or non-round.Multiple coil oar 3 is installed in water absorption channel 2.Water absorption channel 2 is entered
The mouth of a river 1 and delivery port 5 are provided with filtering catch net 6.
Claims (6)
- A kind of 1. waterpower propulsion system with water absorption channel, it is characterised in that:Including water inlet(1), water absorption channel(2), spiral shell Revolve oar(3), propulsion electric machine(4)And delivery port(5);The propeller(3)Positioned at the propulsion electric machine(4)It is interior, the propeller (3)Set for multistage;The propeller that multistage is set(3)In the water absorption channel(2)Interior equidistant uniformly arrangement;Described spiral shell Revolve oar(3)Series be 3-5 levels.
- A kind of 2. waterpower propulsion system with water absorption channel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Described water inlet Mouthful(1)And delivery port(5)Place is both provided with filter screen(6).
- A kind of 3. waterpower propulsion system with water absorption channel according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that:Described Water inlet(1)To be tubaeform.
- A kind of 4. waterpower propulsion system with water absorption channel according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that:Described Delivery port(5)It is provided with a round estrade cartridge outside(7), the round estrade cartridge(7)In be provided with Fishtail rudder (8).
- A kind of 5. waterpower propulsion system with water absorption channel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Described spiral Oar(3)Blade quantity be 4,5 or 7.
- A kind of 6. waterpower propulsion system with water absorption channel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Described propulsion Motor(4)It is front and rear to be each provided with a transition structure part(9), the transition structure part(9)Outside be cylindrical shape, and outside Wall and the water absorption channel(2)Inwall fitting;The transition structure part(9)Close to the propeller(3)Side it is interior Footpath and the propeller(3)Diameter it is identical, and less than opposite side internal diameter, make the transition structure part(9)Inside be It is bowl-shape.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201720507124.8U CN206900583U (en) | 2017-05-09 | 2017-05-09 | A kind of waterpower propulsion system with water absorption channel |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201720507124.8U CN206900583U (en) | 2017-05-09 | 2017-05-09 | A kind of waterpower propulsion system with water absorption channel |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN206900583U true CN206900583U (en) | 2018-01-19 |
Family
ID=61288637
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201720507124.8U Active CN206900583U (en) | 2017-05-09 | 2017-05-09 | A kind of waterpower propulsion system with water absorption channel |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN206900583U (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN109533252A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-03-29 | 王洪桥 | A kind of Ship Structure and control method |
-
2017
- 2017-05-09 CN CN201720507124.8U patent/CN206900583U/en active Active
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN109533252A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-03-29 | 王洪桥 | A kind of Ship Structure and control method |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN107161279A (en) | A kind of waterpower propulsion system with water absorption channel | |
CN104527957B (en) | Water spray peculiar to vessel T-shaped hydrofoil rudder | |
CN103863541A (en) | Ship propulsion system | |
WO2021164779A1 (en) | Device and method employing novel structure for suppressing wave-making of ship | |
CN101386334A (en) | Marine promoted by front water | |
JP7334339B2 (en) | Method and device for reducing wave-making resistance and frictional resistance during navigation of a ship | |
CN107972837A (en) | Combined type pump-jet propulsor | |
CN106428410B (en) | Underwater aircraft with the diamond shape wing | |
CN108945354A (en) | A kind of underwater and water surface auxiliary propeller | |
CN104608897A (en) | Marine water spraying type propeller | |
CN204096071U (en) | Air motor | |
CN201062091Y (en) | Screw-propeller type water-spraying propulsion unit | |
CN206900583U (en) | A kind of waterpower propulsion system with water absorption channel | |
CN102167149B (en) | Environment-friendly and energy-saving boat only powered by water pumping system | |
CN203450363U (en) | Water spraying type propulsion boat and marine self-priming pump water-spraying propulsion outer motor thereof | |
CN206528589U (en) | A kind of duct component and unmanned boat | |
CN102530211B (en) | Power device for use in water | |
CN208306966U (en) | A kind of ship combination propulsion device | |
CN109808827A (en) | A kind of bubble drag-reduction Channel type planing boat | |
CN108438187A (en) | A kind of pusher twin tunnel stern salvor of pump spray | |
CN207826516U (en) | Combined type pump-jet propulsor | |
CN106516062B (en) | A kind of marine propulsion | |
CN202642077U (en) | Energy-saving pump injection propeller for ships and submarines | |
CN205946925U (en) | Oxygen increasing machine for aquiculture | |
CN207902723U (en) | A kind of modularization submersible pump spray propulsion device |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant |