CN206840670U - The differential multi-screw extruder in the same direction of number of starts gradual change type - Google Patents

The differential multi-screw extruder in the same direction of number of starts gradual change type Download PDF

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Publication number
CN206840670U
CN206840670U CN201720512864.0U CN201720512864U CN206840670U CN 206840670 U CN206840670 U CN 206840670U CN 201720512864 U CN201720512864 U CN 201720512864U CN 206840670 U CN206840670 U CN 206840670U
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screw rod
head
screw
double end
transition
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徐百平
喻慧文
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Wuyi University
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徐百平
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/34—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/38—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
    • B29B7/46—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft
    • B29B7/48—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws
    • B29B7/488—Parts, e.g. casings, sealings; Accessories, e.g. flow controlling or throttling devices
    • B29B7/489—Screws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/34—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/38—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
    • B29B7/46—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft
    • B29B7/48—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws
    • B29B7/482—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws provided with screw parts in addition to other mixing parts, e.g. paddles, gears, discs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/251—Design of extruder parts, e.g. by modelling based on mathematical theories or experiments
    • B29C48/2517—Design of extruder parts, e.g. by modelling based on mathematical theories or experiments of intermeshing screws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505—Screws
    • B29C48/535—Screws with thread pitch varying along the longitudinal axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505—Screws
    • B29C48/64—Screws with two or more threads
    • B29C48/645—Screws with two or more threads neighbouring threads and channels having identical configurations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505—Screws
    • B29C48/64—Screws with two or more threads
    • B29C48/65—Screws with two or more threads neighbouring threads or channels having different configurations, e.g. one thread being lower than its neighbouring thread
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505—Screws
    • B29C48/64—Screws with two or more threads
    • B29C48/655—Screws with two or more threads having three or more threads
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • B29C48/40—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
    • B29C48/41—Intermeshing counter-rotating screws

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of differential multi-screw extruder in the same direction of number of starts gradual change type, the first screw rod includes one start screw element in extruder, single head fades to double end transition screwing element, double thread element, double end fades to single head transition screwing element, one start screw element, single head fades to double end transition screwing element, double end fades to single head transition screwing element, single head fades to double end transition screwing element and double end fades to single head transition screwing element, second screw rod includes double thread element, double end fades to four-head transition screwing element, four-head screwing element, four-head fades to double end transition screwing element, double thread element, double end fades to four-head transition screwing element, four-head fades to double end transition screwing element, double end fades to four-head transition screwing element and four-head fades to double end transition screwing element.Its method is that screw mechanism make use of its own structure to realize five kinds of reinforcing mixing mechanisms, and material is carried out to strengthen mixed milling comprehensively.

Description

The differential multi-screw extruder in the same direction of number of starts gradual change type
Technical field
The utility model is related to double screw extruder technical field, more particularly to a kind of number of starts gradual change type it is in the same direction poor Fast multi-screw extruder.
Background technology
Parallel dual-screw extruding machine with self-cleaning function is the hybrid process equipment being widely used at present.This kind equipment master To include machine barrel and two twin-screws for being parallelly mounted to machine barrel inner chamber.This kind equipment is mainly fitted using building block system combining structure Various material systems are answered, melting effect is lifted by using the structure such as multiple thread structure and enhanced type kneading block, but Flow passage structure has symmetry, can not introduce stretching field and strengthen dispersion effect.In order to reach high dispersive ability, using substantial amounts of disk The wider kneading block combination of piece, improves shear rate, this brings mixed caused by the decline of residence time again using high rotating speed Refine effect to decline, it has to extend the residence time using longer draw ratio.And the use of a large amount of kneading blocks destroys axle To conveying capacity and self-cleaning function, cause dry friction heat between screw rod and be difficult to control temperature, bring high energy consumption, poor efficiency With material degraded etc. problems.Nonetheless, it can not be competent at for the high material system processing of mixing requirement, be selected in engineering Select and add double rank combining structures of parallel dual-screw using continuous mixing, although meeting some harsh processing requests, exist Equipment manufacturing cost is very high, existing parallel dual-screw parts, has banbury parts again, Operation and Maintenance maintenance difficulty is big, structure Bulky complex, floor space be big and the problems such as environmental pollution.In recent years, will be symmetrical as chaotic mixing dynamics research gos deep into Broken scarce effect and the stretching field of force are incorporated into twin screw techniques field, but still lack the topological chaos effect of runner segmentation, force Stretching field action is faint caused by compression, and the function such as the melt blending of twin screw extrusion and exhaust, which still has, greatly to be carried Between lift-off.How to cancel the application of kneading block and substitute common twin-screw to add the combining structure of continuous internal mixer, be still high score The problem of sub- material processing field needs to face.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided a kind of number of starts gradual change type it is in the same direction poor Fast multi-screw extruder, the extruder of the structure, which can be realized, is combined chaotic mixing, topological chaos and strongly tensile force field, And then improve processing efficiency.
The technical solution of the utility model is：A kind of differential multi-screw extruder in the same direction of number of starts gradual change type, including Machine barrel and screw mechanism, screw mechanism are installed in the inner chamber of machine barrel, and the screw mechanism includes rotating Vortex and the moment keeps The first screw rod and the second screw rod of engagement；Wherein, the first screw rod fades to double end transition screw thread using one start screw element, single head Element, double thread element, double end fade to single head transition screwing element, one start screw element, single head and fade to double end transition Screwing element, double end fade to single head transition screwing element, single head fades to double end transition screwing element and double end fades to list The structure type that head transition screwing element is sequentially connected, the second screw rod fade to four-head transition using double thread element, double end Screwing element, four-head screwing element, four-head fade to double end transition screwing element, double thread element, double end and fade to four-head Transition screwing element, four-head fade to double end transition screwing element, double end fades to four-head transition screwing element and four-head gradual change The structure type being sequentially connected for double end transition screwing element, the one start screw element of the first screw rod and the double end spiral shell of the second screw rod Texel part engages, and the single head of the first screw rod fades to double end transition screwing element and the double end of the second screw rod fades to four-head transition Screwing element engages, and the double thread element of the first screw rod engages with the four-head screwing element of the second screw rod, pair of the first screw rod Head fades to single head transition screwing element and fades to double end transition screwing element with the four-head of the second screw rod to engage.
In the screw mechanism, the rotating ratio of the first screw rod and the second screw rod is 2.
In the screw mechanism, the maximum outside diameter of the first screw rod and the second screw rod is D, the first screw rod and the second screw rod Internal diameter is that the pitch L of the screw rod of d, D/d=1.1~5.5, first and the second screw rod is 0.01D~10000D.
In the screw mechanism, the cross-sectional profiles of the first screw rod are connected by the unequal curve arc of multicomponent radius of curvature Composition is connect, the cross-sectional profiles of the second screw rod are also connected and composed by the unequal curve arc of multicomponent radius of curvature；Wherein, it is bent Bank includes straightway, circular arc and non-circular curve arc.
In the screw mechanism, when the one start screw element of the first screw rod engages with the double thread element of the second screw rod, The cross-sectional profiles of first screw rod one start screw element are connected and composed by four sections of curve arcs, four sections of curve arcs be followed successively by AB, BB ', A ' B ' and AA ', wherein, AB and A ' B ' shapes are identical, and corresponding central angle β is：
C is the distance between the first screw rod pivot and the second screw rod pivot in formula, D For the first screw rod and the maximum outside diameter of the second screw rod；
The cross-sectional profiles of second screw rod double thread element are connected and composed by eight sections of curve arcs, and eight sections of curve arcs are followed successively by A1B1、B1B2、A2B2、A2A2′、A2′B2′、B1′B2′、A1′B1' and A1A1', wherein, A1B1、A2B2And A1′B1′、A2′B2' shape is complete Exactly the same, corresponding central angle is β/2.
In the screw mechanism, when the double thread element of the first screw rod engages with the four-head screwing element of the second screw rod, The cross-sectional profiles of first screw rod double thread element are connected and composed by eight sections of curve arcs, and eight sections of curve arcs are followed successively by AAfterwardsBAfterwards、BAfterwards B′Afterwards、A′AfterwardsB′Afterwards、A′AfterwardsD′、C′AfterwardsD′、CAfterwardsC′Afterwards、CAfterwardsD and AAfterwardsD, wherein, AAfterwardsBAfterwards、A′AfterwardsB′Afterwards、CAfterwardsD and C 'AfterwardsThe complete phase of D ' shapes Together, its shape meets the requirement of engaging with double thread element 11, and corresponding central angle β is：
C is the distance between the first screw rod pivot and the second screw rod pivot in formula, D For the first screw rod and the maximum outside diameter of the second screw rod；
The cross-sectional profiles of second screw rod four-head screwing element are connected and composed by 16 sections of curve arcs, 16 sections of curve arcs according to Secondary is AAfter 1BAfter 1、BAfter 1BAfter 2、AAfter 2BAfter 2、AAfter 2DAfter 2、CAfter 2DAfter 2、CAfter 2C′After 2、C′After 2D′After 2、A′After 2D′After 2、A′After 2B′After 2、B′After 2B′After 1、 A′After 1B′After 1、A′After 1D′After 1、C′After 1D′After 1、CAfter 1C′After 1、CAfter 1DAfter 1And AAfter 1CAfter 1, wherein, AAfter 1BAfter 1、AAfter 2BAfter 2、A′After 1B′After 1、A′After 2 B′After 2、CAfter 1DAfter 1、CAfter 2DAfter 2、C′After 1D′After 1With C 'After 2D′After 2Shape is identical, and corresponding central angle is β/2.
In the screw mechanism, the single head of the first screw rod fades to the double end of double end transition screwing element and the second screw rod gradually When being changed into the engagement of four-head transition screwing element, the first screw rod single head fade to the tailing screw flight head number of double end transition screwing element by Gradual change turns to twice of head threads head number, and the second screw rod double end fades to the tailing screw flight head number of four-head transition screwing element It is gradually varied to twice of head threads head number；
The double end of first screw rod fades to single head transition screwing element and the four-head of the second screw rod fades to double end transition spiral shell When texel part engages, the tailing screw flight head number that the first screw rod double end fades to single head transition screwing element is gradually varied to head spiral shell The 1/2 of line head number, the tailing screw flight head number that the second screw rod four-head fades to double end transition screwing element are also gradually varied to head The 1/2 of number of starts.
The screw mechanism also includes the 3rd screw rod, and the structure of the 3rd screw rod is identical with the first screw rod or the second screw rod；
When the structure of the 3rd screw rod is identical with the first screw rod, the first screw rod, the second screw rod and the 3rd screw rod are sequentially connected, Form three screw rod arrangement modes of yi word pattern；
When the structure of the 3rd screw rod is identical with the second screw rod, the second screw rod, the first screw rod and the 3rd screw rod are sequentially connected, Form three screw rod arrangement modes of yi word pattern.
In above-mentioned extruder structure, the machine barrel is provided with transportation section, melt zone, exhaust section and mixing extrusion section, transportation section, Melt zone, exhaust section and mixing extrusion section are arranged in order along the conveying direction of material；Transportation section is provided with and connected with machine barrel inner chamber Charging aperture, exhaust section is provided with the exhaust outlet that is connected with machine barrel inner chamber, and the end of mixing extrusion section is provided with discharging opening.
The processing method realized by the differential multi-screw extruder in the same direction of above-mentioned number of starts gradual change type, including following step Suddenly：
(1) material is after charging aperture enters the runner of transportation section, and the first screw rod and the second screw rod are respectively along respective screw shaft Line differential in the same direction rotates；The first screw rod and the axial positive conveyance power of the second screw rod and the first screw rod and the second screw rod it Between frictional force collective effect under realize charging conveying, and force runner direction from material to melt zone move；
(2) when material is moved at the runner of melt zone, due to highly being gradually changed on the first screw rod and the second screw rod Spiral shell rib the tipping effect of material and the change of two screw rod itself numbers of starts are brought it is " one-to-two cutting separation, two-in-one Converge, separate again, converge again " effect, promote interface regeneration function and enhance diabatic process, and the first screw rod and the second spiral shell Bar itself is due to the extension of runner and compression caused by number of starts gradual change, with reference to speed difference between two screw rods to material Acting is compressed and extruded, realizes material pre-fusion, and rotation produces frictional heat at a high speed for the first screw rod and the second screw rod, simultaneously In the external heat collective effect of machine barrel material is further melted, accelerate point of the material of melt and the material of solid From；Meanwhile first the spiral shell rib highly gradually changed on screw rod and the second screw rod will cause figure of eight homoclinic orbit flow disturbance, The topological runner that two screw rods itself are formed cuts two points and converges effect and transition screw thread again in region of engagement because head number changes And caused chance mechanism will further speed up the melting process of solid material, make jointly in the whole triggering chaotic mixing of screw channel Obtaining material turns into melt；
(3) material of melt is turned into after the runner of melt zone enters the runner of exhaust section, corresponding first screw rod is single Head thread element, the second screw rod are double end element, and the first screw rod and the second screw rod use large pitch structure, expand deflation area Product, material collects produces suction function here, accelerates gas and is discharged from exhaust outlet, while the material melted is by the first spiral shell The effect of bar and the second screw rod is further moved to the runner direction of mixing extrusion section；
(4) after the material as melt enters the runner of mixing extrusion section, the material of melting is by the first screw rod and second Figure of eight homoclinic orbit flow disturbance caused by the spiral shell rib highly gradually changed on screw rod acts on, the first screw rod and the second screw rod The topological chaos effect of " one-to-two, two-in-one, one-to-two again " and transition screw thread region of engagement are in differential action caused by itself Chance mechanism caused by lower, in the whole triggering chaotic mixing of screw channel, cause along with two screw flight head numbers halve respectively Runner shrink caused by the differential speed rotation effect of strong compression and two screw rods produce the stretching field of force, so as to the thing to melt Material carries out mixing plasticizing, and makes the material of melt is stable to be extruded from discharging opening；Meanwhile the first phase between screw rod and the second screw rod Mutual wiping action realizes self-cleaning action；
In said process, transition screw thread is that the single head of the first screw rod fades to double end transition screwing element, the second screw rod Double end fades to four-head transition screwing element, the double end of the first screw rod fades to the four of single head transition screwing element or the second screw rod Head fades to the screw thread on double end transition screwing element；The single head of first screw rod fades to double end transition screwing element and the second spiral shell The double end of bar fades to the engagement place of four-head transition screwing element, the double end of the first screw rod fade to single head transition screwing element with The engagement place that the four-head of second screw rod fades to double end transition screwing element is transition screw thread region of engagement.
The utility model has the advantages that relative to prior art：
1st, the first screw rod of the present utility model, the second screw rod use number of starts grading structure form, and two screw rods are poor Speed engagement rotation, can effectively solve the problems, such as material composition fluctuation caused by unstable product quality, taken into account one start screw The powerful transfer efficiency of deep screw channel, improve Solid Conveying and Melting efficiency, increase exhaust free area and strong suction function, Ke Yigeng The increase extrusion yield of big degree, is processed suitable for big yield.
2nd, the utility model employs five kinds of reinforcing mixing mechanisms：(1) the spiral shell rib of highly gradient introduces figure of eight chummage Track flow disturbance triggers screw channel whole process chaotic mixing；(2) two screw rod itself runners form " one-to-two, two-in-one, again It is one-to-two, two-in-one again " effect triggers topological chaotic mixing；(3) two screw head numbers, which halve position, causes part to suppress contracting work With introducing stretches force field mechanism, effectively realizes compression preheating and dispersion mixing；(4) two screw rod differential speed rotations are strengthened Effect；(5) transition number of starts change meshing relation introduces randomness perturbation action.Therefore, this extruder enhances mixed comprehensively Mixing and diabatic process are closed, greatly shortens heat, mechanical course that completion plastifies, energy consumption is low, energy conservation and consumption reduction effects are notable.
3rd, in screw mechanism of the present utility model, it ensure that the first screw rod, the second screw rod tightly engage differential speed rotation in the same direction, Mutual wiping action between two screw rods, realizes process self-cleaning action.
4th, the spiral shell rib that the utility model is gradually changed by introducing height in the first screw rod, the second screw rod, it is especially suitable Extrusion is full of in non-, it is possible to achieve the first screw rod and the second screw rod runner stretching force field, it is mixed to enhance mixing comprehensively Intensity and effect are refined, there is extremely excellent dispersed distribution mixed effect.
5th, the utility model increases substantially process self-cleaning function completely without using kneading block, and energy-saving effect is notable, Make process residence time destribution narrower, improve processing efficiency and effect, the high yield that is particularly suitable for use in, high filling, nanometer The processing of material.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of number of starts gradual change type differential double-screw extruder in the same direction in embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of screw mechanism in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the combination diagram of one start screw element and double thread element in Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is that single head fades to the combination signal that double end transition screwing element fades to four-head transition screwing element with double end Figure.
Fig. 5 is the combination diagram of double thread element and four-head screwing element in Fig. 1.
Fig. 6 is that double end fades to the combination signal that single head transition screwing element fades to double end transition screwing element with four-head Figure.
Fig. 7 is the combined cross section schematic diagram of one start screw element and double thread element.
Fig. 8 is the combined cross section schematic diagram of double thread element and four-head screwing element.
Fig. 9 is that single head fades to three dimensional structure diagram of the double end transition screwing element from head position.
Figure 10 is that single head fades to three dimensional structure diagram of the double end transition screwing element from tail position.
Figure 11 is the top view that single head shown in Figure 10 fades to double end transition screwing element.
Figure 12 is that single head fades to double end transition screwing element and fades to the combination of four-head screwing element any with double end The cross-sectional view of axial location.
Figure 13 is that double end fades to three dimensional structure diagram of the four-head transition screwing element from head position.
Figure 14 is that double end fades to three dimensional structure diagram of the four-head transition screwing element from tail position.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the utility model is described in further detail, but embodiment of the present utility model Not limited to this.
Embodiment 1
A kind of differential double-screw extruder in the same direction of number of starts gradual change type of the present embodiment, its structure as shown in figures 1 to 6, are wrapped Machine barrel 1 and screw mechanism are included, is provided with inner chamber 2 in machine barrel 1, screw mechanism is installed in inner chamber, and screw mechanism includes the first screw rod 3 With the second screw rod 4, the first screw rod and the second screw rod intermeshing, and the outermost edge of the first screw rod and the second screw rod all with it is interior The inwall of chamber is tangent；The inner chamber of first screw rod, the second screw rod and machine barrel forms runner；When the first screw rod and the second screw rod turn in the same direction When dynamic, the rotating speed of the first screw rod is 2 times of the second screw speed, and to remain that the contact that is engaged with each other is realized self-cleaning for two screw rods Function.As shown in figures 1 to 6, the spiral shell rib of the first screw rod and the second screw rod is the smooth spiral shell rib structure in edge.
The inner chamber of machine barrel is made up of the cylinder groove of two connections, and the cross sectional shape of inner chamber is in " 8 " word droped to the ground.
Meanwhile D/d=1.1~5.5, the pitch L of the first screw rod and the second screw rod is 0.01D~10000D.Wherein, The maximum outside diameter of one screw rod and the second screw rod is D, and the internal diameter of the first screw rod and the second screw rod is d.
Wherein, as shown in Fig. 2 the first screw rod using " one start screw element, single head fade to double end transition screwing element, Double thread element, double end fade to single head transition screwing element, one start screw element, single head and fade to double end transition screw thread member Part, double end fade to single head transition screwing element, single head fades to double end transition screwing element, double end fades to single head transition spiral shell The structure type that texel part " is sequentially connected, the second screw rod is using " double thread element, double end fade to four-head transition screw thread member Part, four-head screwing element, four-head fade to double end transition screwing element, double thread element, double end and fade to four-head transition spiral shell Texel part, four-head fade to double end transition screwing element, double end fades to four-head transition screwing element, four-head fades to double end mistake Cross screwing element " structure type that is sequentially connected.
As shown in figures 3-8, the pivot O of the first screw rod 31O1' and the pivot O of the second screw rod 42O2' the distance between be C, and the maximum outside diameter of the first screw rod and the second screw rod is D, corresponding radius is R, the first screw rod and the second screw rod internal diameter For d, corresponding radius is r, then is had：
D=2C-D.
To ensure correct engagement operating, group of the first screw rod one start screw element 5 to the second screw rod double thread element 9 Close, it is necessary to which sufficient certain relation, now, curve arc AB and A ' B ' shape on one start screw element 5 is complete as shown in Fig. 3 or Fig. 7 Exactly the same, its shape meets the requirement of engaging with double thread element 9, and corresponding central angle β is：
BB ' is with O1For the center of circle, a diameter of D circular arc, AA ' is with O1The circular arc for being r for the center of circle, radius, both centers Angle is α=π-β.
Curve arc A on double thread element 91B1、A2B2And A1′B1′、A2′B2' shape is identical, corresponding central angle It is β/2, wherein, A2B2Straight line can be chosen, or with O2X is pole axis, A2B2Choose non-circular curve arc, its polar diameter ρ (θ)：
Meanwhile A1A1' and A2A2' it is with O2For the center of circle, a diameter of D circular arc, both central angles are α/2, B1B2With B1′B2' it is with O2The circular arc for being r for the center of circle, radius, both central angles are also α/2.
Similarly, to ensure correct engagement operating, the first screw rod double thread element is to the second screw rod four-head screwing element Combination, it is necessary to meet certain relation as shown in Fig. 5 or Fig. 8, now, the curve arc A on double thread element 7AfterwardsBAfterwards、A′Afterwards B′Afterwards、CAfterwardsD and C 'AfterwardsD ' shapes are identical, and its shape meets the requirement of engaging with double thread element 11, corresponding central angle β For：
And CAfterwardsC′AfterwardsAnd BAfterwardsB′AfterwardsFor with O1' it is the center of circle, a diameter of D circular arc, AAfterwardsD and A 'AfterwardsD ' is with O1' it is the center of circle, radius For r circular arc, the central angle of this four arcs is γ=pi/2-β.
Curve arc A on four-head screwing element 12After 1BAfter 1、AAfter 2BAfter 2、A′After 1B′After 1、A′After 2B′After 2And CAfter 1DAfter 1、CAfter 2DAfter 2、 C′After 1D′After 1、C′After 2D′After 2Shape is identical, and corresponding central angle is β/2, wherein, AAfter 2′BAfter 2' straight line can be chosen, or Person is with O '2X is pole axis, A 'After 2B′After 2Select non-circular curve arc, its polar diameter ρ (θ)：
Meanwhile AAfter 1DAfter 1、AAfter 2DAfter 2With A 'After 1D′Afterwards、A′After 2D′After 2For with O2' it is the center of circle, a diameter of D circular arc, this four sections of circles The central angle of arc is γ/2, BAfter 1BAfter 2、B′After 1B′After 2And CAfter 1C′After 1、CAfter 1C′After 1For with O2' it is the center of circle, radius is r circular arc, The central angle of this four arcs is also γ/2.
In the present embodiment, number of starts gradual change is realized by transition screwing element, and single head fades to double end transition screw thread member Tailing screw flight head number is realized in the combination that part 6 and double end fade to four-head transition screwing element 10 in the case of self-cleaning function is kept It is gradually varied to twice of head, as shown in Figure 4.Double end fades to single head transition screwing element 8 and four-head fades to double end mistake The combination for crossing screwing element 12 realizes that tailing screw flight head number is gradually varied to the 1/2 of head in the case of self-cleaning function is kept, As shown in Figure 6.Two kinds of combination screwing elements are identical, and simply reversing of position uses end to end.Single head fades to double end transition spiral shell In texel part 6, as shown in figs. 9-11, former spiral shell rib width gradually decreases to afterbody position from the corresponding central angle alphas of head position BB ' Put corresponding BAfterwardsB′Afterwards, BAfterwardsB′AfterwardsCorresponding central angle is γ, and the length of screwing element is L, then as shown in figure 11, corresponding any Position z, this spiral shell rib change to B from BB 'AfterwardsB′AfterwardsDuring corresponding central angle ε：
Referring to Figure 12, ε γ is gradually decreased to from α.Former spiral shell rib is during change width all the time with O1It is corresponding for the center of circle Radius is R；An other newly-generated spiral shell rib by head position C (C ') points (when 2 points coincidence, corresponding central angle 0) gradually Outer screw diameter height is increased to, forms ridge, then splits into two point C and C ', corresponding spiral shell rib width gradually broadens, and reaches afterbody It is changed into CAfterwardsC′Afterwards(corresponding central angle γ, referring to Fig. 6 or Fig. 8), as C (C ') points gradually rise, with non-circular curve arc and screw rod (there is new point of contact D and D ' to root circle in radius r), circular arc A when reaching afterbodyAfterwardsD、A′AfterwardsThe corresponding central angles of D ' are similarly γ, enter one For step, fade to double end transition screwing element 6 for single head and double end fades to the combination of four-head transition screwing element 10 Say, the cross section at any axial location z is as shown in figure 12, if single head fades to double end transition screwing element 6 and newly grown Height O corresponding to spiral shell rib ridge C (C ')1C (C ') is h, then double end fades to four-head transition screwing element 10 and is engaged position O2C1(C1') and O2C2(C2') corresponding to height be C-h, in number of starts progressive formation, spiral shell rib ridge height h fades to R from r.
Single head is faded to during the spiral shell rib ridge C (C ') of double end transition screwing element 6 gradually rises, curve arc CD and C ' D ' Identical, shape sectional position as corresponding to the double end of mating engagement fades to four-head transition screwing element 10 determines that its is right Answer O1Central angle be βh：
Curve arc AB and A ' B ' shape is identical and keeps constant, and shape is also faded to by the double end of paired engagement Sectional position corresponding to four-head transition screwing element 10 determines, corresponds to center of circle O1Central angle be always β；AD and A ' D ' is with O1 For the center of circle, radius is r circular arc, and corresponding central angle is ω：
Double end fades to four-head transition screwing element 10 during head number gradually changes, from the axially horizontal of double end spiral shell rib The middle branch C of circular arc where section1(C1') and C2(C2') height formation deep gouge is gradually reduced, deep gouge width gradually increases, dug out Carry out two helicla flutes, original double end spiral shell rib is gradually split points four parts, spiral shell rib symmetrical centre gradual deep gouge in axis cross section Corresponding circular arc C1C1' and C2C2', the width of spiral shell rib tapers into, and eventually becomes the equal four-head spiral shell rib of width.Such as Figure 12 institutes Show, B1B2And B1′B2' it is with O2For the center of circle, radius is r circular arc, and corresponding central angle is ε/2, when reaching afterbody, B1B2And B1′ B2' become BAfter 1BAfter 2And BAfter 1′BAfter 2', corresponding central angle is γ/2；And circular arc A1D1、A2D2And A1′D1′、A2′D2' it is with O2 For the center of circle, radius is R circular arc, and corresponding central angle is ω/2, when reaching afterbody, circular arc A1D1、A2D2And A1′D1′、A2′D2′ Become AAfter 1DAfter 1、AAfter 2DAfter 2And AAfter 1′DAfter 1′、AAfter 2′DAfter 2', corresponding central angle is increased to γ/2.Curve arc A1B1、A2B2And A1′ B1′、A2′B2' identical, corresponding O2Central angle be β/2, and keep it is constant, the suite bank can select straight line, Or with O2X is pole axis, curve arc A2′B2' corresponding polar diameter ρ (θ)：
When reaching afterbody, the suite bank is changed into AAfter 1BAfter 1、AAfter 2BAfter 2And AAfter 1′BAfter 1′、AAfter 2′BAfter 2′；On the other hand, curve Arc C1D1、C2D2、C1′D1′、C2′D2' shape is identical, and corresponding central angle is βh/ 2, wherein, C2D2Straight line can be chosen, Or with O2X ' is pole axis, C2D2Select non-circular curve arc, its polar diameter g (θ ')：
When reaching afterbody, curve arc C1D1、C2D2、C1′D1′、C2′D2' it is changed into CAfter 1DAfter 1、CAfter 2DAfter 2、C′After 1D′After 1、C′AfterwardsD ′After 2, shape and AAfter 1BAfter 1、AAfter 2BAfter 2And AAfter 1′BAfter 1′、AAfter 2′BAfter 2' identical, corresponding central angle is β/2.
When double end is faded to during four-head transition screwing element 10 rearwardly gradually changes a number from head, deep gouge O2C1(C1') and O2C2(C2') height be gradually varied to r from R, after reaching r, C1And C1′、C2And C2' be gradually disengaged as with O2 For the center of circle, radius is r circular arc both ends, and when reaching afterbody, this two sections of circular arcs, which become, turns to CAfter 1C′After 1And CAfter 2C′After 2, corresponding O2Circle Heart angle is γ/2.
As shown in figure 1, machine barrel 1 is provided with transportation section 16, melt zone 17, exhaust section 18 and mixing extrusion section 19；Transportation section 16, Melt zone 17, exhaust section 18 and mixing extrusion section 19 are arranged in order from the moving direction of processed material；Above transportation section The exhaust outlet 14 connected with inner chamber is provided with provided with the charging aperture 13 connected with inner chamber, above exhaust section；The end of mixing extrusion section End is provided with discharging opening 15.
The processing method realized by above-mentioned multi-screw extruder asymmetric in the same direction, comprises the following steps：
(1) material is after charging aperture enters the runner of transportation section, and the first screw rod and the second screw rod are respectively along respective screw rod Axis differential in the same direction rotates；In the first screw rod and the axial positive conveyance power of the second screw rod and the first screw rod and the second screw rod Between frictional force collective effect under realize charging conveying, and force runner direction from material to melt zone move；
(2) when material is moved at the runner of melt zone, due to the spiral shell rib highly gradually changed on first, second screw rod One-to-two cutting separation that tipping effect to material and two screw rod itself numbers of starts changes are brought, two-in-one converge, again Separation, converge effect again and promote interface regeneration function and enhance diabatic process, and first, second screw rod itself is due to screw thread The extension of runner caused by head number gradual change and compression are with reference to speed difference is compressed to material between two screw rods and extruding is done Work(, material pre-fusion is realized, and rotation produces frictional heat at a high speed for the first screw rod and the second screw rod, while be total in the external heat of machine barrel Same-action causes material further to melt, and accelerates the separation of the material of melt and the material of solid；Meanwhile first, The spiral shell rib that height on two screw rods gradually changes will cause figure of eight homoclinic orbit flow disturbance, what two screw rods itself were formed Topological runner cutting two be allocated as using and transition screw thread region of engagement due to the change of head number and caused chance mechanism jointly in spiral shell The whole triggering chaotic mixing of groove, will further speed up the melting process of solid material so that material turns into melt；
(3) after the runner of melt zone enters the runner of exhaust section, the first screw rod and the second screw rod use the material of melt Capacious one start screw and double thread combining structure, and using large pitch is beaten, material discharge surface product is expanded, material converges Collection produces suction function here, accelerates gas and is discharged from exhaust outlet, while the material melted is by the first screw rod and the second spiral shell The effect of bar is further moved to the runner direction of mixing extrusion section；
(4) after the material as melt enters the runner of mixing extrusion section, the material of melting is by the first screw rod, the second spiral shell One-to-two caused by the spiral shell rib highly gradually changed on bar, two-in-one, one-to-two, the topological chaos that two-in-one effect triggers again again Effect, plus the spiral shell rib highly gradually changed on first, second screw rod figure of eight homoclinic orbit flow disturbance will be caused to act on, And transition screw thread region of engagement caused chance mechanism under differential action, chaotic mixing is triggered in screw channel whole process, along with two The differential speed rotation effect of periodic compression dilating effect caused by itself runner of root screw rod and two screw rods produces the stretching field of force, So as to carry out mixing plasticizing to the material of melt, and make the material of melt is stable to be extruded from discharging opening；Meanwhile first screw rod and Mutual wiping action between two screw rods realizes self-cleaning action.
Embodiment 2
The differential multi-screw extruder in the same direction of a kind of number of starts gradual change type of the present embodiment, compared with Example 1 compared with it is not It is with part：Screw mechanism also includes the 3rd screw rod, and the structure of the 3rd screw rod is identical with the first screw rod, the first screw rod, second Screw rod and the 3rd screw rod are sequentially connected, and form three screw rod arrangement modes of yi word pattern.
Embodiment 3
The differential multi-screw extruder in the same direction of a kind of number of starts gradual change type of the present embodiment, compared with Example 1 compared with it is not It is with part：Screw mechanism also includes the 3rd screw rod, and the structure of the 3rd screw rod is identical with the second screw rod, the second screw rod, first Screw rod and the 3rd screw rod are sequentially connected, and form three screw rod arrangement modes of yi word pattern.
As described above, the utility model can be realized preferably, above-described embodiment is only preferably implementation of the present utility model Example, not it is used for limiting practical range of the present utility model；I.e. all equivalent changes and modifications made according to the utility model content, All covered by the utility model claims scope claimed.

Claims (9)

1. the differential multi-screw extruder in the same direction of number of starts gradual change type, including machine barrel and screw mechanism, screw mechanism are installed on In the inner chamber of machine barrel, it is characterised in that the screw mechanism includes the first screw rod and for keeping engagement at rotating Vortex and moment Two screw rods；Wherein, the first screw rod using one start screw element, single head fade to double end transition screwing element, double thread element, Double end fades to that single head transition screwing element, one start screw element, single head fade to double end transition screwing element, double end fades to Single head transition screwing element, single head fade to double end transition screwing element and double end fades to single head transition screwing element and connected successively The structure type connect, the second screw rod fade to four-head transition screwing element, four head threads member using double thread element, double end Part, four-head fade to double end transition screwing element, double thread element, double end and fade to four-head transition screwing element, four-head gradually Be changed into double end transition screwing element, double end fades to four-head transition screwing element and four-head fade to double end transition screwing element according to The structure type of secondary connection, the one start screw element of the first screw rod engage with the double thread element of the second screw rod, the first screw rod Single head fade to double end transition screwing element and fade to four-head transition screwing element with the double end of the second screw rod to engage, the first spiral shell The double thread element of bar engages with the four-head screwing element of the second screw rod, and the double end of the first screw rod fades to single head transition screw thread Element fades to double end transition screwing element with the four-head of the second screw rod and engaged.
2. the differential multi-screw extruder in the same direction of number of starts gradual change type according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the spiral shell In linkage, the rotating ratio of the first screw rod and the second screw rod is 2.
3. the differential multi-screw extruder in the same direction of number of starts gradual change type according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the spiral shell In linkage, the maximum outside diameter of the first screw rod and the second screw rod is D, and the internal diameter of the first screw rod and the second screw rod is d, D/d =1.1~5.5, the pitch L of the first screw rod and the second screw rod is 0.01D~10000D.
4. the differential multi-screw extruder in the same direction of number of starts gradual change type according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the spiral shell In linkage, the cross-sectional profiles of the first screw rod are connected and composed by the unequal curve arc of multicomponent radius of curvature, the second spiral shell The cross-sectional profiles of bar are also connected and composed by the unequal curve arc of multicomponent radius of curvature；Wherein, curve arc includes straight line Section, circular arc and non-circular curve arc.
5. the differential multi-screw extruder in the same direction of number of starts gradual change type according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the spiral shell In linkage, when the one start screw element of the first screw rod engages with the double thread element of the second screw rod, the first screw rod single head spiral shell The cross-sectional profiles of texel part are connected and composed by four sections of curve arcs, and four sections of curve arcs are followed successively by AB, BB ', A ' B ' and AA ', wherein, AB and A ' B ' shapes are identical, and corresponding central angle β is：
C is the distance between the first screw rod pivot and the second screw rod pivot in formula, D The maximum outside diameter of one screw rod and the second screw rod；
The cross-sectional profiles of second screw rod double thread element are connected and composed by eight sections of curve arcs, and eight sections of curve arcs are followed successively by A1B1、 B1B2、A2B2、A2A2′、A2′B2′、B1′B2′、A1′B1' and A1A1', wherein, A1B1、A2B2And A1′B1′、A2′B2The complete phase of ' shape Together, corresponding central angle is β/2.
6. the differential multi-screw extruder in the same direction of number of starts gradual change type according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the spiral shell In linkage, when the double thread element of the first screw rod engages with the four-head screwing element of the second screw rod, the first screw rod double end spiral shell The cross-sectional profiles of texel part are connected and composed by eight sections of curve arcs, and eight sections of curve arcs are followed successively by AAfterwardsBAfterwards、BAfterwardsB′Afterwards、A′AfterwardsB′Afterwards、A′Afterwards D′、C′AfterwardsD′、CAfterwardsC′Afterwards、CAfterwardsD and AAfterwardsD, wherein, AAfterwardsBAfterwards、A′AfterwardsB′Afterwards、CAfterwardsD and C 'AfterwardsD ' shapes are identical, its shape meet with The engagement requirement of double thread element 11, corresponding central angle β are：
C is the distance between the first screw rod pivot and the second screw rod pivot in formula, D The maximum outside diameter of one screw rod and the second screw rod；
The cross-sectional profiles of second screw rod four-head screwing element are connected and composed by 16 sections of curve arcs, and 16 sections of curve arcs are followed successively by AAfter 1BAfter 1、BAfter 1BAfter 2、AAfter 2BAfter 2、AAfter 2DAfter 2、CAfter 2DAfter 2、CAfter 2C′After 2、C′After 2D′After 2、A′After 2D′After 2、A′After 2B′After 2、B′After 2B′After 1、A′After 1 B′After 1、A′After 1D′After 1、C′After 1D′After 1、C′After 1C′After 1、CAfter 1DAfter 1And AAfter 1CAfter 1, wherein, AAfter 1BAfter 1、AAfter 2BAfter 2、A′After 1B′After 1、A′After 2B ′After 2、CAfter 1DAfter 1、CAfter 2DAfter 2、C′After 1D′After 1With C 'After 2D′After 2Shape is identical, and corresponding central angle is β/2.
7. the differential multi-screw extruder in the same direction of number of starts gradual change type according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the spiral shell In linkage, the single head of the first screw rod fades to double end transition screwing element and the double end of the second screw rod fades to four-head transition spiral shell When texel part engages, the tailing screw flight head number that the first screw rod single head fades to double end transition screwing element is gradually varied to head spiral shell Twice of line head number, the tailing screw flight head number that the second screw rod double end fades to four-head transition screwing element are also gradually varied to head Twice of number of starts；
The double end of first screw rod fades to single head transition screwing element and the four-head of the second screw rod fades to double end transition screw thread member When part engages, the tailing screw flight head number that the first screw rod double end fades to single head transition screwing element is gradually varied to head threads head Several 1/2, the tailing screw flight head number that the second screw rod four-head fades to double end transition screwing element are also gradually varied to head threads The 1/2 of head number.
8. the differential multi-screw extruder in the same direction of number of starts gradual change type according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the spiral shell Linkage also includes the 3rd screw rod, and the structure of the 3rd screw rod is identical with the first screw rod or the second screw rod；
When the structure of the 3rd screw rod is identical with the first screw rod, the first screw rod, the second screw rod and the 3rd screw rod are sequentially connected, and are formed Three screw rod arrangement modes of yi word pattern；
When the structure of the 3rd screw rod is identical with the second screw rod, the second screw rod, the first screw rod and the 3rd screw rod are sequentially connected, and are formed Three screw rod arrangement modes of yi word pattern.
9. according to the differential multi-screw extruder in the same direction of any one of the claim 1-7 number of starts gradual change types, its feature exists In the machine barrel is provided with transportation section, melt zone, exhaust section and mixing extrusion section, and transportation section, melt zone, exhaust section and mixing are squeezed Go out section to be arranged in order along the conveying direction of material；Transportation section is provided with the charging aperture connected with machine barrel inner chamber, and exhaust section is provided with The exhaust outlet connected with machine barrel inner chamber, the end of mixing extrusion section are provided with discharging opening.
CN201720512864.0U 2017-05-09 2017-05-09 The differential multi-screw extruder in the same direction of number of starts gradual change type Active CN206840670U (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109466042A (en) * 2018-12-19 2019-03-15 都江堰市江宁机械有限公司 One kind being used for extruder Dual-head rotation four-head transition threaded block and its manufacturing process
WO2020220495A1 (en) * 2019-04-28 2020-11-05 五邑大学 Extruder employing multiple screws rotating in same direction at different rotation speeds, and processing method
EP3885102A1 (en) * 2020-03-25 2021-09-29 Wuyi University Counter-rotating differential speed extrusion device, extruder and method for manufacturing materials

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109466042A (en) * 2018-12-19 2019-03-15 都江堰市江宁机械有限公司 One kind being used for extruder Dual-head rotation four-head transition threaded block and its manufacturing process
WO2020220495A1 (en) * 2019-04-28 2020-11-05 五邑大学 Extruder employing multiple screws rotating in same direction at different rotation speeds, and processing method
US11648721B2 (en) 2019-04-28 2023-05-16 Wuyi University Co-rotating dual speed multi-screw extruder and processing method thereof
EP3885102A1 (en) * 2020-03-25 2021-09-29 Wuyi University Counter-rotating differential speed extrusion device, extruder and method for manufacturing materials
US11485063B2 (en) 2020-03-25 2022-11-01 Wuyi University Counter-rotating differential speed extrusion device, extruder and method for manufacturing materials

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