CN206756726U - A kind of indoor thermal environment Comfort Evaluation thermal manikin - Google Patents

A kind of indoor thermal environment Comfort Evaluation thermal manikin Download PDF

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Publication number
CN206756726U
CN206756726U CN201720499680.5U CN201720499680U CN206756726U CN 206756726 U CN206756726 U CN 206756726U CN 201720499680 U CN201720499680 U CN 201720499680U CN 206756726 U CN206756726 U CN 206756726U
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China
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subregion
thermal manikin
thermal
subregion body
leg
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN201720499680.5U
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Chinese (zh)
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赵朝义
呼慧敏
邱义芬
罗虹
王瑞
张佳峥
葛猛
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China Standard Energy Efficiency Science & Technology (beijing) Co ltd
Beihang University
China National Institute of Standardization
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China Standard Energy Efficiency Science & Technology (beijing) Co ltd
Beihang University
China National Institute of Standardization
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Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of indoor thermal environment Comfort Evaluation thermal manikin, including thermal manikin body, thermal manikin body is according to Chinese adult male's 3D data creatings, heat-transfer character by thermal manikin body according to actual human body, multi-section partition body is divided into, zone of heating, hypolimnion and heat-insulation layer are equipped with successively on the inner surface of every section of subregion body.Thermal manikin subregion of the present utility model is scientific and reasonable, the independent measurement of thermal manikin point 16, the region of computer heating control;The subregion both considers the characteristics of body surface area is big simultaneously, it is contemplated that clothes wear situation, it is also considered that the various heat exchange condition under different gestures between the position and environment.

Description

A kind of indoor thermal environment Comfort Evaluation thermal manikin
Technical field
It the utility model is related to a kind of thermal manikin, and in particular to a kind of indoor thermal environment Comfort Evaluation is false with warm body People.
Background technology
With economy, the development of technology and the continuous improvement of living standard, requirement of the people to indoor environment thermal comfort is got over Come higher, therefore various environmental control systems are developed application, thermal environment Comfort Evaluation means and technical capability are also got over To be more taken seriously.
Since the 1940s, thermal manikin (Thermal Manikin) can simulate human body and ring as one kind The biophysical tests equipment of hot and humid area has obtained significant progress between border.Its stature, physical parameter and normal adult human Close, body is typically made by metal material or metallic composite, is adopted internal heating, inner surface heating and outer surface and is added The mode of heat simulates body temperature or the simulation body metabolism heating of human body, constantly applied among the fields such as clothes, environment and human body Among the related research of Comfort Evaluation.But existing thermal manikin structure design is unreasonable, the human body of country variant is present Larger difference, by same thermal manikin be used for human body comfort research in, can not accurate evaluation country variant it is not of the same race Comfort index of clansman's body under thermal environment;Furthermore thermal manikin of the prior art is mostly stance, and it can not embody The heat exchange situation under other different gestures in the environment also be present in actual human body;Thus in the prior art between thermal manikin and environment Heat exchange state and the state of actual human body significant difference be present, do not reach and accurately reasonably test hot evaluation index, draw The actual impression of evaluation result and the actually located true environment of human body larger error also be present.
Therefore, the test evaluation that design one is enclosed on split exhibition performance-based test in simulation hot environment has with thermal manikin Significance.
The content of the invention
The thermal environment that the utility model touches according to people in life and work is often non-homogeneous environment, temperature be present A kind of influence factors such as skewness, asymmetric radiation, local air flow, Local cooling, it is proposed that indoor thermal environment comfortableness Evaluation thermal manikin;Thermal manikin of the present utility model can be applied to such as automotive environment, train and ship class chamber space, boat The thermal environments such as empty space flight cabin, Indoor environment environment carry out Comfort Evaluation use.
To achieve these goals, the utility model provides following technical scheme:
A kind of indoor thermal environment Comfort Evaluation thermal manikin, including thermal manikin body, the thermal manikin body In hollow shelly and there is multi-section partition body, connected between adjacent two sections of subregion bodies by joint, divide described in every section Zone of heating, hypolimnion and heat-insulation layer are equipped with the inner surface of area's body, wherein:
The zone of heating is affixed on the inner side of thermal manikin body subregion, for being heated to thermal manikin;
The hypolimnion is covered in the inner side of zone of heating, for thermally equivalent;
The heat-insulation layer is arranged on the inner side of hypolimnion, for being incubated.
Thermal manikin as described above, it is preferable that the heat-insulation layer is heat-preservation cotton;The hypolimnion is aluminium film;The heating Layer is electric heating film.
Thermal manikin as described above, it is preferable that the material of the thermal manikin body is red copper.
Thermal manikin as described above, it is preferable that configure a heating controller, the heating for every section of subregion body Controller is connected with the zone of heating.
Thermal manikin as described above, it is preferable that the thermal manikin body has head subregion body, trunk subregion sheet Body, arm subregion body, hand subregion body, leg subregion body and foot's subregion body;The trunk subregion body difference Be connected with the head subregion body, the arm subregion body and the leg subregion body, the arm subregion body and The hand subregion body connection, the leg subregion body are connected with foot's subregion body.
Thermal manikin as described above, it is preferable that the trunk subregion body includes:Chest subregion body, waist buttocks subregion Body and back subregion body;The chest subregion body connects with the back subregion body, and is connected to the waist buttocks On subregion body.
Thermal manikin as described above, it is preferable that the arm subregion body is divided into:Left arm subregion body and right arm point Area's body, the left arm subregion body include:Left upper arm subregion body and left forearm subregion body, the right arm subregion sheet Body includes:Right upper arm subregion body and right forearm subregion body;The hand subregion body includes:Left hand subregion body and the right hand Subregion body;The leg subregion body is divided into left leg subregion body and right leg subregion body, and the left leg subregion body includes: Left thigh subregion body and left leg subregion body, the right leg subregion body include:Right thigh subregion body and right leg point Area's body;Foot's subregion body includes left foot subregion body and right sufficient subregion body.
Thermal manikin as described above, it is preferable that the thermal manikin body is according to Chinese adult male's 3D data creatings.
Thermal manikin as described above, it is preferable that the size of the thermal manikin body is 50 hundredths adult male sizes.
Thermal manikin as described above, it is preferable that the arm subregion body, the hand subregion body, the pin part Heat-insulation layer on area's body and the leg subregion body is accordingly full of the arm subregion body, the hand subregion sheet The hollow space of body, foot's subregion body and the leg subregion body.
Under above-mentioned indoor thermal environment Comfort Evaluation thermal manikin, Chinese adult male's thermal manikin poised state Control process is highly stable, and to clothes basis thermal resistance and the test error very little of thermal environment parameter, control method is accurate, repeatability It is good.Optimal control strategy is groped in this job requirement, improves control stability, precision, accelerates stabilized speed, reaches the requirement It is the basis that thermal manikin is used for thermal environment Comfort Evaluation.
Compared with immediate prior art, technical scheme provided by the utility model has following excellent effect:
(1) thermal manikin of the present utility model is reasonable in design, and thermal manikin is according to Chinese adult male's three-dimensional dimension Data development, its surface configuration are consistent with Chinese adult male's appearance.Thermal manikin has the major joint of physical activity, Various postures of the real human body in life, operating thermal environment, thus the heat exchange between thermal manikin and environment can be simulated completely Its is consistent for the status pole of state and actual human body, and this structure design mode is to ensure that thermal manikin accurately rationally tests thermal environment Basis.
(2) thermal manikin subregion of the present utility model is scientific and reasonable, thermal manikin point multiple independent measurement, computer heating control Region;The subregion both considers the characteristics of body surface area is big simultaneously, it is contemplated that clothes wear situation, it is also considered that different appearances Various heat exchange condition under gesture between the position and environment.
(3) the utility model prepare thermal manikin material thermal conductivity it is very good, also arrange hypolimnion and heat-insulation layer, this Sample may insure that same subregion surface temperature difference is very small, improve temperature survey reasonability, while ensure to heat hot-fluid and the vacation of warm body People's surface radiating hot-fluid is identical, meets surface heat flow test request.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the thermal manikin stance positive structure schematic of the utility model embodiment;
Fig. 2 is the thermal manikin stance structure schematic diagram of the utility model embodiment;
Fig. 3 is the thermal manikin sitting posture structural representation of the utility model embodiment;
Fig. 4 is the thermal manikin sitting posture side structure schematic diagram of the utility model embodiment;
Fig. 5 is the part-structure schematic diagram of the thermal manikin of the utility model embodiment;
Fig. 6 is the overall structure diagram of the thermal manikin of the specific embodiment of the utility model one;
Fig. 7 is the overall structure diagram of the thermal manikin of the utility model still another embodiment;
In figure:1st, head;2nd, chest;3rd, back;4th, right upper arm;5th, left upper arm;6th, right forearm;7th, left forearm;8th, the right hand; 9th, left hand;10th, waist buttocks;11st, right thigh;12nd, left thigh;13rd, right leg;14th, left leg;15th, right foot;16th, left foot;17、 Skin layer;18th, thermometric layer;19th, zone of heating;20th, hypolimnion;21st, heat-insulation layer.
Embodiment
The technical scheme in the embodiment of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below, it is clear that described Embodiment is only part of the embodiment of the present utility model, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the reality in the utility model Example is applied, the every other embodiment that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained, belongs to the scope that the utility model is protected.
As shown in Figures 1 to 4, it is the stance of thermal manikin, the structure chart of sitting posture, the utility model provides a kind of interior Thermal environment Comfort Evaluation thermal manikin, and there is good joint motion ability.Indoor Thermal ring provided by the utility model Border Comfort Evaluation thermal manikin, including thermal manikin body, for forming the skeleton of whole thermal manikin and providing support Effect;Thermal manikin body is in hollow shelly and has multi-section partition body, is connected between adjacent two sections of subregion bodies by joint Connect, i.e., thermal manikin has the major joint of physical activity, adds as shown in figure 5, being equipped with the inner surface of every section of subregion body Thermosphere 19, hypolimnion 20 and heat-insulation layer 21, wherein:Zone of heating 19, the inner side of thermal manikin body subregion is affixed on, for warming up body Dummy is heated;Hypolimnion 20, the inner side of zone of heating 19 is covered in, for thermally equivalent;Heat-insulation layer 21, is arranged on hypolimnion 20 inner side, for being incubated.Each subregion body is the skin layer 17 of thermal manikin.
Preferably, temperature measuring equipment (i.e. thermometric layer 18), temperature measuring equipment are additionally provided between skin layer 17 and zone of heating 19 For the temperature transducer of multiple point-like, the inner side of skin layer 17 is attached to, for measurement temperature.
In embodiment of the present utility model, heat-insulation layer 21 is heat-preservation cotton;Hypolimnion 20 is aluminium film;Zone of heating 19 adds for electricity Hotting mask, the material of thermal manikin body is red copper.
It is that every section of subregion body configures a heating controller in embodiment of the present utility model, it is used to controlling warm Body dummy's surface temperature, it can be entered using PID (proportion integral derivative, PID) mode Row control.Heating controller is connected with zone of heating 19.
In embodiment of the present utility model, thermal manikin body has head 1 (or head subregion body), trunk point Area's body, arm subregion body, hand subregion body, leg subregion body and foot's subregion body;Trunk subregion body is distinguished It is connected with head 1, arm subregion body and leg subregion body, arm subregion body connects with hand subregion body, leg section Area's body is connected with foot subregion body.
Again as shown in Figures 1 to 4, thermal manikin body subregion is scientific and reasonable, 16 sections of independent subregion sheets of thermal manikin point Body.These subregions have taken into full account the heat exchange characteristic of human physiological structure's feature, human body with environment in thermal environment.It is for example, right In the big position of this area of trunk, thermal manikin body divide into the regions such as chest 2, back 3, waist buttocks 10 in detail, point Area both considers the characteristics of body surface area is big, it is contemplated that clothes wear situation, while have also contemplated that the portion under different gestures Various heat exchange condition between position and environment.According to the heat-transfer character of actual human body, thermal manikin is divided into multiple independences Measurement and computer heating control region (reasonable Arrangement samming and provision for thermal insulation, the partitioned organization are reasonable).In implementation of the present utility model In example, trunk subregion body includes:Chest 2 (or chest subregion body), waist buttocks 10 (or waist buttocks subregion body) and Back 3 (or back subregion body);Chest 2 and back 3 connect, and are connected on waist buttocks 10, the company between foregoing three The mode of connecing can be bonding, can also be clamping.
In embodiment of the present utility model, arm subregion body is divided into:Left arm subregion body and right arm subregion sheet Body, left arm subregion body include:Left upper arm 5 (or left upper arm subregion body) and left forearm 7 (or left forearm subregion sheet Body), right arm subregion body includes:Right upper arm 4 (or right upper arm subregion body) and right forearm (or right forearm subregion sheet Body);Hand subregion body includes:Left hand 9 (or left hand subregion body) and the right hand 8 (or right hand subregion body);Leg section Area's body is divided into left leg subregion body and right leg subregion body, and left leg subregion body includes:Left thigh 12 (or left thigh subregion Body) and left leg 14 (or left leg subregion body), right leg subregion body includes:Right thigh 11 (or right thigh subregion Body) and right leg 13 (or right leg subregion body);Foot's subregion body includes left foot 16 (or left foot subregion body) With right foot 15 (or right sufficient subregion body).
In embodiment of the present utility model, thermal manikin body is according to Chinese adult male's 3D data creatings.It is described warm The size of body dummy's body is 50 hundredths adult male sizes.
The thermal manikin model of each independent partitions is subjected to overall assembling, and sets neck, hip, knee, elbow, shoulder etc. more Individual turning joint come complete assemble thermal manikin.Turning joint in the utility model embodiment is entered according to the joint of actual person Row simulation is set, and has the joint motion ability as actual human body.Preferably, and as shown in fig. 7, head 1, chest 2, waist Hollow bulb of the heat-insulation layer 21 not accordingly full of head 1, chest 2, waist buttocks 10 and back 3 on buttocks 10 and back 3 Point, that is, head 1, chest 2, waist buttocks 10, the partitioned organization position at back 3 of the thermal manikin after assembling are hollow structure. And the as shown in fig. 6, heat-insulation layer 21 on arm subregion body, hand subregion body, foot's subregion body and leg subregion body Hollow space accordingly full of arm subregion body, hand subregion body, foot's subregion body and leg subregion body, i.e., Arm, hand, leg and the partitioned organization of the foot position of thermal manikin are entity structure.
In summary, thermal manikin of the present utility model is reasonable in design, and thermal manikin is according to Chinese adult male three Sized data development is tieed up, its surface configuration is consistent with Chinese adult male's appearance.Thermal manikin has the master of physical activity Joint is wanted, various postures of the real human body in life, operating thermal environment can be simulated completely, thus between thermal manikin and environment The status pole of heat exchange state and actual human body its is consistent, this structure design mode is to ensure that thermal manikin is accurately rationally tested The basis of thermal environment.
Thermal manikin body is manufactured by the 50th hundredths Chinese adult male body size, is divided into multi-section partition body and tool Have multiple independent temperature computer heating control regions, thermal manikin body has hip, knee, elbow turning joint, and can have stance or Sitting posture.
Each independent temperature control partition carries out independent computer heating control using low-tension supply, and sets temperature sensor to survey Measure the surface temperature of thermal manikin body.In leg, chest 2, back 3 and waist buttocks 10 (larger for heat transfer boundary condition difference) Multiple sensor measurement surface temperature are set on subregion body.
In addition, thermal manikin provided by the utility model can be prepared by the following procedure method acquisition, preparation method include with Lower step:
1) (to make measurement evaluation result more accurate) first using the hundredths male body 3D of Chinese adult 50 scanning cloud atlas Data;
2) it is according to the cloud atlas data configuration digital human body 3D physical models in step 1), then cutting human body 3D physical models 16 independent partitions, and design the attachment structure of by stages;
3) physical model of each independent partitions in step 2) is printed one by one;
4) and according to the physical model for each independent partitions printed in step 3), using red copper material casting mould, And the mould cast out is finished and is surface-treated, make the surface emissivity characteristic of the mould consistent with actual human body Afterwards, the skin layer 17 of thermal manikin body, i.e. thermal manikin is obtained.
5) inner side of skin layer 17 of the thermal manikin of each independent partitions sets gradually thermometric layer 18, heating in step 4) Layer 19, hypolimnion 20 and heat-insulation layer 21, obtain the thermal manikin model of independent partitions;
6) the thermal manikin model of each independent partitions in step 5) is subjected to overall assembling, and sets hip, knee, elbow etc. more Individual turning joint, thermal manikin is obtained after completing assembling.
In step 5), thermometric layer 18 is the temperature transducer of multiple point-like;Zone of heating 19 is one layer of electric heating film;Samming Layer 20 is aluminium film;Heat-insulation layer 21 is heat-preservation cotton.
In addition, the material thermal conductivity of manufacture thermal manikin body is very good, hypolimnion 20 and heat-insulation layer are also arranged, so It may insure that same subregion surface temperature difference is very small, improve temperature survey reasonability, while ensure to heat hot-fluid and thermal manikin Surface radiating hot-fluid is identical, meets surface heat flow test request.
Thermal manikin of the present utility model has wide range of applications, in the various fields such as civilian, military, Aero-Space, navigation In thermal environment, complicated non-uniform thermal conditions all be present, Chinese adult male thermal manikin is used for thermal environment Comfort Evaluation system System not only can directly accurate integration test thermal environment parameter, can also to these thermal environment comfortablenesses carry out objective evaluation, survey Examination and evaluation result are stable, accurate, repeatability is high, meet real human body Warm status, rationally reliable.
Lab-evaluation system use is carried out using thermal manikin of the present utility model, can be that China's indoor thermal environment comfortableness is sought The research and development, design and appraisal for making product provide reference and foundation, effectively lift China's indoor thermal environment comfortableness and build production The pleasant property of product is horizontal, while scientific research institutions, enterprise and the prison of the comfortable Journal of Sex Research of thermal environment, production and supervision are also engaged in for China Pipe portion door provides technical support and Appreciation gist.
Preferred embodiment of the present utility model is the foregoing is only, it is all at this not to limit the utility model Within the spirit and principle of utility model, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc., in the pending power of the utility model Within the scope of profit is claimed.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of indoor thermal environment Comfort Evaluation thermal manikin, including thermal manikin body, it is characterised in that the warm body Dummy's body is in hollow shelly and has multi-section partition body, is connected between adjacent two sections of subregion bodies by joint, often Zone of heating, hypolimnion and heat-insulation layer are equipped with the inner surface of Duan Suoshu subregion bodies, wherein:
The zone of heating is affixed on the inner side of the thermal manikin body subregion;
The hypolimnion is covered in the inner side of the zone of heating;
The heat-insulation layer is arranged on the inner side of the hypolimnion.
2. thermal manikin according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the heat-insulation layer is heat-preservation cotton;The hypolimnion is Aluminium film;The zone of heating is electric heating film.
3. thermal manikin according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the material of the thermal manikin body is red copper.
4. thermal manikin according to claim 1, it is characterised in that configure a heating control for every section of subregion body Device processed, the heating controller are connected with the zone of heating.
5. thermal manikin according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the thermal manikin body has head subregion sheet Body, trunk subregion body, arm subregion body, hand subregion body, leg subregion body and foot's subregion body;
The trunk subregion body respectively with the head subregion body, the arm subregion body and the leg subregion body Connection, the arm subregion body connect with the hand subregion body, the leg subregion body and foot's subregion sheet Body connects.
6. thermal manikin according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the trunk subregion body includes:Chest subregion sheet Body, waist buttocks subregion body and back subregion body;
The chest subregion body connects with the back subregion body, and is connected on the waist buttocks subregion body.
7. the thermal manikin according to claim 5 or 6, it is characterised in that the arm subregion body is divided into:Left arm point Area's body and right arm subregion body, the left arm subregion body include:Left upper arm subregion body and left forearm subregion body, The right arm subregion body includes:Right upper arm subregion body and right forearm subregion body;
The hand subregion body includes:Left hand subregion body and right hand subregion body;
The leg subregion body is divided into left leg subregion body and right leg subregion body, and the left leg subregion body includes:Zuo great Leg subregion body and left leg subregion body, the right leg subregion body include:Right thigh subregion body and right leg subregion sheet Body;
Foot's subregion body includes left foot subregion body and right sufficient subregion body.
8. thermal manikin according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the thermal manikin body is according to Chinese adult male 3D data creatings.
9. thermal manikin according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the size of the thermal manikin body is 50 hundredths Adult male size.
10. thermal manikin according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the arm subregion body, the hand subregion sheet Heat-insulation layer on body, foot's subregion body and the leg subregion body accordingly full of the arm subregion body, The hollow space of the hand subregion body, foot's subregion body and the leg subregion body.
CN201720499680.5U 2016-08-11 2017-05-05 A kind of indoor thermal environment Comfort Evaluation thermal manikin Expired - Fee Related CN206756726U (en)

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN108801871A (en) * 2018-04-13 2018-11-13 北京航空航天大学 A kind of device using membrane separation technique simulated skin sweating
CN110570714A (en) * 2019-09-12 2019-12-13 上海杉达学院 high-pressure-resistant deep-sea dummy and manufacturing method thereof
CN111272814A (en) * 2020-03-31 2020-06-12 石狮市中纺学服装及配饰产业研究院 Device and method for testing thermal insulation performance of ready-made clothes
CN112435559A (en) * 2020-11-15 2021-03-02 北京航空航天大学 Method for manufacturing body warming dummy with embedded stretchable circuit and body warming dummy
CN112525945A (en) * 2020-11-15 2021-03-19 北京航空航天大学 Body warming dummy manufacturing method based on flexible stretchable heating film and body warming dummy
CN113484464A (en) * 2021-05-08 2021-10-08 北京航空航天大学 A warm body dummy for thermal comfort of environment experiment

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108801871A (en) * 2018-04-13 2018-11-13 北京航空航天大学 A kind of device using membrane separation technique simulated skin sweating
CN110570714A (en) * 2019-09-12 2019-12-13 上海杉达学院 high-pressure-resistant deep-sea dummy and manufacturing method thereof
CN111272814A (en) * 2020-03-31 2020-06-12 石狮市中纺学服装及配饰产业研究院 Device and method for testing thermal insulation performance of ready-made clothes
CN111272814B (en) * 2020-03-31 2022-05-06 石狮市中纺学服装及配饰产业研究院 Device and method for testing thermal insulation performance of ready-made clothes
CN112435559A (en) * 2020-11-15 2021-03-02 北京航空航天大学 Method for manufacturing body warming dummy with embedded stretchable circuit and body warming dummy
CN112525945A (en) * 2020-11-15 2021-03-19 北京航空航天大学 Body warming dummy manufacturing method based on flexible stretchable heating film and body warming dummy
CN112435559B (en) * 2020-11-15 2022-07-15 北京航空航天大学 Manufacturing method of body warming dummy embedded with stretchable circuit and body warming dummy
CN113484464A (en) * 2021-05-08 2021-10-08 北京航空航天大学 A warm body dummy for thermal comfort of environment experiment
CN113484464B (en) * 2021-05-08 2022-08-05 北京航空航天大学 A warm body dummy for thermal comfort of environment experiment

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