CN206734609U - A kind of tail sitting posture VUAV using duct - Google Patents
A kind of tail sitting posture VUAV using duct Download PDFInfo
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- CN206734609U CN206734609U CN201720421360.8U CN201720421360U CN206734609U CN 206734609 U CN206734609 U CN 206734609U CN 201720421360 U CN201720421360 U CN 201720421360U CN 206734609 U CN206734609 U CN 206734609U
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Abstract
The utility model proposes a kind of tail sitting posture VUAV using duct, the VUAV is laid out for fixed-wing, and fuselage afterbody is symmetrically installed with two ducted fans.By the rotation of duct and fan, stable air-flow can be formed, the rudder face at duct rear portion can produce larger control moment, realize that unmanned plane VTOL is flown.Unmanned plane body is laid out using high aspect ratio fixed-wing, has very high pneumatic efficiency, it is possible to achieve the remote horizontal flight of long-time of unmanned plane.Through the above way; the utility model can realize VTOL of the unmanned plane in narrow and small region and horizontal efficiently flight; after carrying difference in functionality load, a variety of dual-use fields such as battle reconnaissance, power-line patrolling, resources observation, environmental protection, logistics delivery are can apply to.
Description
Technical field
Unmanned aerial vehicle field is the utility model is related to, more particularly to a kind of vertical take-off and landing unmanned using the tail sitting posture of duct
Machine.
Background technology
Tail sitting posture VUAV reduces to airport etc. because it can realize takeoff and landing in small space
The limitation of landing condition, there is huge application prospect.Current tail sitting posture unmanned plane mainly has following several forms：First, use
The mixed form (the express delivery unmanned plane of such as Google) of four rotors+fixed-wing, this layout type unmanned plane during landing with
Four rotor modes fly, and pneumatic rudder effectiveness is low, and model of flight of the unmanned plane from lift mode to level flight condition turns
It is big to change control difficulty；Second, mixed form (such as the VD200 unmanned planes of Air China's industry, U.S. using large scale propeller+fixed-wing
State " gull swallow " Shipborne UAV), this distribution form unmanned plane needs to be provided with large-sized propeller in front part of a body, relies on
The efficiency of the slip-stream increase pneumatic rudder face in unmanned plane rear portion, is realized to unmanned plane VTOL flight caused by propeller rotational
Control, but slip-stream is had a great influence by factors such as engine speed and crosswind, and pneumatic rudder face is easily in VTOL for unmanned plane
Failure；Third, using single ducted fan+fixed-wing mixed form (such as U.S. V-bat unmanned planes), this layout type nobody
Machine relies primarily on the control that control moment caused by the pneumatic rudder face at duct rear portion carries out unmanned plane VTOL, but unmanned plane
Single duct can produce anti-twisted torque, and the flow deflector for balancing anti-twisted torque must be provided with duct body, causes the pneumatic of duct
Design sufficiently complex；And single duct causes the aircraft pressure heart excessively rearward so that the steady state stability of unmanned plane in After-Body
It is bigger than normal, it usually needs using multi-disc parallel connection rudder face, to increase control ability, to add the flight resistance of unmanned plane；In addition, Dan Han
Rolling caused by road rudder face controls the arm of force smaller, it is necessary to increase aileron on unmanned plane body, carries out rolling during horizontal flight
Control, adds the complexity of housing construction and the difficulty of Control System Design.Due to the limitation of above technical problem, cause existing
Some tail sitting posture VUAV development receive very big limitation, have impact on its actual engineer applied.The nothing of new ideas
Man-machine aerodynamic arrangement and control mode are to realize that tail sitting posture unmanned air vehicle technique obtains the key broken through.
The content of the invention
In order to overcome the rudder face pneumatic efficiency of existing tail sitting posture VUAV generally existing low, vertical to horizontal winged
The problems such as control of row mode conversion is complicated, the utility model proposes a kind of pneumatic cloth of new ideas tail sitting posture VUAV
Office.The unmanned plane body is laid out using high aspect ratio Conventional pneumatic, has larger lift-drag ratio.Unmanned plane wing rear portion or so pair
Title is provided with two ducted fans, and the propeller direction of rotation of two ducts is on the contrary, during unmanned plane during flying, caused by two ducts
Anti-twisted torque is cancelled out each other, and flow deflector need not be installed in duct, simplifies duct structure.By adjusting two ducts after fuselage
The position in portion, the body pressure heart can be controlled in the reasonable scope, the steady state stability of unmanned plane is reduced, improve the behaviour of unmanned plane
Vertical performance.Air-flow has swabbing action to anterior wing caused by the duct of both sides, by increasing capacitance it is possible to increase the flight lift-drag ratio of unmanned plane.Containing
Road rear portion is provided with four pneumatic rudder faces with " ten " font respectively, because duct can produce stable air-flow, so pneumatic rudder face
Efficiency is higher.Other duct or so arrangement so that the pneumatic rudder face in duct rear portion has the larger control arm of force, so nothing on body
Special pneumatic rudder face need to be arranged, simplifies housing construction.When the horizontal rudder face collaboration deflection of left and right duct, pitching control can be produced
Torque processed；During differential deflection, rolling control moment can be produced.Above and below duct rear portion during rudder face collaboration deflection, driftage can be produced
Control moment.Therefore, the VTOL of the tail sitting posture unmanned plane in narrow and small region can be achieved.The unmanned plane is transformed into flat winged shape
After state, high aspect ratio body can produce larger cruise lift-drag ratio, realize unmanned plane long-time, long-distance flight.
Described based on above-mentioned principle, the technical solution of the utility model is：
A kind of tail sitting posture VUAV using duct, it is characterised in that：Including middle machine body, wing and
Duct；Left duct and right duct are left and right symmetrically arranged in middle machine body rear portion, left duct and right duct by duct coupling bar
Airscrew engine is installed, the propeller direction of rotation of left duct and right duct is opposite；In left duct and right duct rear portion, respectively
Four pneumatic rudder faces are installed from " ten " font；Tail support frame, afterbody branch are also equipped with left duct and right duct rear portion
Support rear end is concordant, and unmanned plane can stand on ground by tail support frame in the form of tail is sat.
Further preferred scheme, a kind of tail sitting posture VUAV using duct, it is characterised in that：In
Between on body and wing without pneumatic control.
Further preferred scheme, a kind of tail sitting posture VUAV using duct, it is characterised in that：It is left
Duct and right duct, being capable of shapes respectively on rear side of port wing and starboard wing, and during the drive propeller rotation of duct intrinsic motivation
Paired wing has the air-flow of swabbing action.
Further preferred scheme, a kind of tail sitting posture VUAV using duct, it is characterised in that：Spiral shell
Revolve paddle motor to be arranged among duct by motor support bar, the motor support bar is arranged on using " ten " font to be contained
In road, and motor support club shaft cross section is aerofoil section, for reducing resistance.
Further preferred scheme, a kind of tail sitting posture VUAV using duct, it is characterised in that：Contain
Road propeller uses variable-pitch propeller, uses small pitch in VTOL, uses big pitch during horizontal flight.
Further preferred scheme, a kind of tail sitting posture VUAV using duct, it is characterised in that：In
Between body use tailless configuration；Middle machine body longitudinal cross-section is the aerofoil section that front end is round and smooth, rear end is pointed at shape.
Further preferred scheme, a kind of tail sitting posture VUAV using duct, it is characterised in that：It is left
Duct and right duct form annular wing, by increasing capacitance it is possible to increase unmanned plane shipping-direction stability.
Further preferred scheme, a kind of tail sitting posture VUAV using duct, it is characterised in that：In
Between body, port wing, starboard wing, left duct, right duct and tail support frame use modularized design, being capable of disassembly and assembly.
Beneficial effect
The utility model proposes tail sitting posture VUAV be left and right symmetrically arranged two duct wind in After-Body
Fan, stable air-flow is formed at duct rear portion, by the deflection of the pneumatic rudder face in duct rear portion, pitching, driftage and rolling can be produced
Turn control moment, realize the VTOL of unmanned plane, efficiently solve rudder face existing for current tail sitting posture VUAV
Pneumatic efficiency is low, vertically arrives the problems such as complicated horizontal flight mode conversion control, housing construction complexity, it is possible to achieve narrow and small
VTOL and horizontal efficiently flight in domain.The tail sitting posture VUAV, housing construction can be carried out with fast and easy
Disassembly and assembly, after carrying difference in functionality load, it can apply to power-line patrolling, resources observation, environmental protection, logistics delivery etc.
A variety of civil and military fields.
Additional aspect and advantage of the present utility model will be set forth in part in the description, partly by from following description
In become obvious, or by it is of the present utility model practice recognize.
Brief description of the drawings
Of the present utility model above-mentioned and/or additional aspect and advantage will in the description from combination accompanying drawings below to embodiment
Become obvious and be readily appreciated that, wherein：
Fig. 1：A kind of tail sitting posture VUAV layout schematic side view of the utility model；
Fig. 2：A kind of tail sitting posture VUAV layout front-view schematic diagram of the utility model；
Fig. 3：A kind of tail sitting posture VUAV layout schematic top plan view of the utility model；
Fig. 4：A kind of tail sitting posture VUAV decomposing schematic representation of the utility model；
Wherein：Middle machine body 1, starboard wing 2, right duct 3, motor support bar 4, engine 5, duct coupling bar 6, spiral
Oar 7, tail support frame 8, left duct 9, rudder face 10, port wing 11.
Fig. 5：A kind of tail sitting posture VUAV VTOL process schematic of the utility model.
Embodiment
Embodiment of the present utility model is described below in detail, the example of the embodiment is shown in the drawings, wherein from beginning
Same or similar element is represented to same or similar label eventually or there is the element of same or like function.Below by ginseng
The embodiment for examining accompanying drawing description is exemplary, it is intended to for explaining the utility model, and it is not intended that to the utility model
Limitation.
In description of the present utility model, it is to be understood that term " " center ", " longitudinal direction ", " transverse direction ", " length ", " width
Degree ", " thickness ", " on ", " under ", "front", "rear", "left", "right", " vertical ", " level ", " top ", " bottom ", " interior ", " outer ",
The orientation or position relationship of the instructions such as " clockwise ", " counterclockwise " be based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship, be only for
Be easy to describe the utility model and simplify to describe, rather than instruction or imply signified device or element must have it is specific
Orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore it is not intended that to limitation of the present utility model.
Refer to Fig. 1-Fig. 5, Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 give the utility model proposes the VTOL of tail sitting posture without
A man-machine example.It can be seen that the utility model proposes tail sitting posture VUAV include middle machine
Body, wing and duct.Left duct 9 and right duct 3 are symmetrically mounted on middle machine body rear portion by duct coupling bar 6.The left He of duct 9
Airscrew engine 5 is installed, the propeller direction of rotation of left duct 9 and right duct 3 is on the contrary, therefore left and right is contained in right duct 3
Anti-twisted torque is equal in magnitude caused by road propeller, in the opposite direction, can cancel out each other, anti-twisted without installing counteracting in duct body
The flow deflector of torque, while deflected without rudder face is differential to offset anti-twisted torque.
Airscrew engine 5 is arranged among duct by motor support bar 4, and motor support bar 4 uses " ten " word
Shape is arranged in duct, and motor support club shaft cross section is low-resistance aerofoil section, for reducing resistance.
In left duct 9 and the rear portion of right duct 3, four pneumatic rudder faces are each provided with " ten " font, pass through such a layout
Mode, can form stable air-flow at duct rear portion when the propeller rotates, pneumatic rudder face 10 can realize VTOL and
Control during horizontal flight.And during horizontal flight, left and right duct also improves the course of unmanned plane equivalent to annular wing
Stability, therefore middle machine body and left and right wing need not install pneumatic control, simplify housing construction.
In addition, left duct 9 and right duct 3 are located on rear side of port wing and starboard wing respectively, when duct intrinsic motivation drives spiral shell
When revolving oar rotation, the air-flow for having swabbing action to wing can be formed, by increasing capacitance it is possible to increase the lift of wing.And middle machine body uses nothing
Tail is laid out, and its longitudinal cross-section is the aerofoil section that front end is round and smooth, rear end is pointed at shape so that middle machine body itself is also lift
Body, improve the overall lift-drag ratio of unmanned plane.
Tail support frame 8 is also equipped with left duct 9 and the rear portion of right duct 3, tail support frame rear end is concordant, unmanned function
Ground is enough stood in the form of tail is sat by tail support frame.
For the ease of using, the tail sitting posture VUAV housing construction uses modularized design, middle machine body, a left side
Wing, starboard wing, left duct, right duct and tail support frame can realize quick disassembly and assembly, convenient to be appointed according to difference
Load of being engaged in carries out quick-replaceable.
As shown in figure 5, the control method of the unmanned plane is：
Before taking off, unmanned plane vertically stands on ground tail support frame in a manner of tail seat；
Takeoff phase, unmanned plane is taken away by bottom surface, and left and right duct intrinsic motivation by left and right duct intrinsic motivation pulling force
Propeller direction of rotation is opposite；After unmanned plane liftoff certain distance, deflection is cooperateed with to produce by duct rear horizontal rudder face low
The pitch control torque of head, realizes aircraft from vertically to the mode conversion of horizontal flight；
Level flight stage, when duct rear horizontal rudder face collaboration in left and right deflects, produce pitch control torque, differential deflection
When, produce rolling control moment；During the duct posterior vertical rudder face collaboration deflection of left and right, driftage control moment is produced；
Landing phases, cooperate with deflection to produce the pitch control torque to come back by duct rear horizontal rudder face, realize aircraft
From horizontal flight to the mode conversion of vertical landing, after horizontal flight speed is zero, revolution speed of propeller is controlled, gradually reduces and flies
Row height, until vertically standing on ground in a manner of tail seat tail support frame.
And in takeoff phase and landing phases, duct intrinsic motivation propeller uses small pitch, level flight stage, duct
Intrinsic motivation propeller uses big pitch, improves the pneumatic efficiency of duct, increase unmanned plane flight time and cruising flight away from
From.
Although embodiment of the present utility model has been shown and described above, it is to be understood that above-described embodiment is
Exemplary, it is impossible to it is interpreted as not departing from the utility model to limitation of the present utility model, one of ordinary skill in the art
Principle and objective in the case of above-described embodiment can be changed in the scope of the utility model, change, replace and
Modification.
Claims (8)
- A kind of 1. tail sitting posture VUAV using duct, it is characterised in that：Including middle machine body, wing and duct； Left duct and right duct are left and right symmetrically arranged by duct coupling bar to be provided with middle machine body rear portion, left duct and right duct The propeller direction of rotation of airscrew engine, left duct and right duct is opposite；In left duct and right duct rear portion, each with " ten " font is provided with four pneumatic rudder faces；Tail support frame, tail support frame are also equipped with left duct and right duct rear portion Rear end is concordant, and unmanned plane can stand on ground by tail support frame in the form of tail is sat.
- A kind of 2. tail sitting posture VUAV using duct according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Middle machine body And without pneumatic control on wing.
- A kind of 3. tail sitting posture VUAV using duct according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Left duct and Right duct is respectively on rear side of port wing and starboard wing, and during the drive propeller rotation of duct intrinsic motivation, can be formed to machine The wing has the air-flow of swabbing action.
- A kind of 4. tail sitting posture VUAV using duct according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Propeller is sent out Motivation is arranged among duct by motor support bar, and the motor support bar is arranged in duct using " ten " font, And motor support club shaft cross section is aerofoil section, for reducing resistance.
- A kind of 5. tail sitting posture VUAV using duct according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：Duct spiral Oar uses variable-pitch propeller, uses small pitch in VTOL, uses big pitch during horizontal flight.
- 6. according to a kind of tail sitting posture VUAV using duct of claim 4 or 5, it is characterised in that：It is middle Body uses tailless configuration；Middle machine body longitudinal cross-section is the aerofoil section that front end is round and smooth, rear end is pointed at shape.
- A kind of 7. tail sitting posture VUAV using duct according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：Left duct and Right duct forms annular wing, by increasing capacitance it is possible to increase unmanned plane shipping-direction stability.
- A kind of 8. tail sitting posture VUAV using duct according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Middle machine Body, port wing, starboard wing, left duct, right duct and tail support frame use modularized design, being capable of disassembly and assembly.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201720421360.8U CN206734609U (en) | 2017-04-21 | 2017-04-21 | A kind of tail sitting posture VUAV using duct |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201720421360.8U CN206734609U (en) | 2017-04-21 | 2017-04-21 | A kind of tail sitting posture VUAV using duct |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN206734609U true CN206734609U (en) | 2017-12-12 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201720421360.8U Expired - Fee Related CN206734609U (en) | 2017-04-21 | 2017-04-21 | A kind of tail sitting posture VUAV using duct |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107021208A (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2017-08-08 | 陆艳辉 | The tail sitting posture VUAV and control method of a kind of utilization duct |
| CN114954930A (en) * | 2022-06-16 | 2022-08-30 | 南京大学 | Double-rotor tail seat type unmanned aerial vehicle based on electric ducted fan |
-
2017
- 2017-04-21 CN CN201720421360.8U patent/CN206734609U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107021208A (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2017-08-08 | 陆艳辉 | The tail sitting posture VUAV and control method of a kind of utilization duct |
| CN114954930A (en) * | 2022-06-16 | 2022-08-30 | 南京大学 | Double-rotor tail seat type unmanned aerial vehicle based on electric ducted fan |
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|---|---|---|---|
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20171212 Termination date: 20210421 |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |