CN206732355U - Electromagnetic pulse welder - Google Patents
Electromagnetic pulse welder Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN206732355U CN206732355U CN201720547826.9U CN201720547826U CN206732355U CN 206732355 U CN206732355 U CN 206732355U CN 201720547826 U CN201720547826 U CN 201720547826U CN 206732355 U CN206732355 U CN 206732355U
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- welding
- chinaware
- collection
- depressed part
- collection chinaware
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000003032 molecular docking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 abstract description 53
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 17
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 17
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- IUYOGGFTLHZHEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper titanium Chemical compound [Ti].[Cu] IUYOGGFTLHZHEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000722270 Regulus Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000037656 Respiratory Sounds Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UQZIWOQVLUASCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;titanium Chemical compound [AlH3].[Ti] UQZIWOQVLUASCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003500 flue dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of electromagnetic pulse welder, including collecting chinaware, in collection chinaware overcoat magnet coil, collection chinaware includes column collection chinaware body, collect chinaware body and centre bore is set along its axial line, the both ends of collection chinaware body are symmetrical arranged depressed part, and the axial line of the center line of centre bore, the axial line of both ends depressed part with collecting chinaware body on the same line, collects chinaware body and formed by two semicylinders docking.Nylon positioning sleeve is respectively embedded into the depressed part at both ends, to be welded two workpiece insert in the nylon positioning sleeve at both ends respectively, and are reached after the weld zone socket of two workpiece in centre bore, and the nylon positioning sleeve close to both ends is additionally provided with the fixture of clamping workpiece.The welding of two kinds of different element mother metals such as welding and copper-titanium alloy pipe of the fuel filter aluminum hull from termination can be used in, welding difficulty is low, and welding quality is high, and welding cost is low, environmental protection.
Description
Technical field
The utility model is related to a kind of electromagnetic pulse welder, used in fuel filter aluminum hull and termination welding and
The welding of the different element mother metals of two kinds of copper-titanium alloy pipe etc..
Background technology
At present, traditional welding procedure, such as：The welding of aluminum hull and termination is more in the production process of existing fuel filter
What number used is all flame Heating Brazing technique, by soldering processes using solder (aluminium welding wire) as intermediate medium, makes aluminum pipe
Weld together with termination.Brazing flux (aluminium soldering paste) abolishes the oxide-film of metal surface under high-temperature heating state, infiltrates surface,
Be advantageous to the solder after fusing to flow in weld gap, make it easier to be filled into weld gap.Solder melts at high temperature
Change and metallurgical reaction occurs with metal, solder penetrates into aluminum pipe with the molecular structure of termination, forming stable smelting by capillarity
Layer gold.Joint shaping after welding is preferable, and tension shear behavior and conductive corrosion-resistant are good, are currently used welding sides
Method.
The defects of this method is present：1st, the formation of weld seam is the solder after fusing is flowed and is filled whole by siphon principle
The process of weld gap, is influenceed by material and technique, and the influence of material surface cleaning state, and there is brazing flux all the time to break
Film, clear and rich effect are bad, cause solder to be filled uneven, and the uniformity of joint can be affected, and defect can also compare more (such as gas
Hole, crackle etc.), make weld joint air-tight index and the weld defects such as weld strength index is not up to standard, directly affect weldment quality and
Life-span.
2nd, conventionally produced bad environments, disaster hidden-trouble is big, dangerous；Labor strength is big, and welding efficiency is low；Weldering
It is unstable to connect quality, joints are unsightly；The negative shadow of high temperature, heating, flue dust, waste gas etc. caused by welding process to environment
Ring.
3rd, due to a large amount of consumption solder flux solders with other auxiliary materials, and high energy consumption etc., the weldering of this prior welding mode
It is higher to be connected into this, and is unfavorable for automating.
In addition, the welding of dissimilar metals, due to the difference of the factors such as the fusing point of different metal, thermal coefficient of expansion, makes
Welding difficulty is larger, is substantially all at present using conventional bonding technique (CO2Gas shielded arc welding high current weldering etc.).Its shortcoming is not
It is different with melting point metal, failure welding easily occurs；Welding heating is big, and heat affected area is wide, reduces mother metal around the weld seam of joint
Mechanical strength；Different metal thermal coefficient of expansion is different, and welding deformation is asynchronous, makes postwelding dimensional discrepancy big and inside weldment
Produce larger residual stress；Splashing during welding is often melted regulus than more serious, in the fitting surface of welding titanium alloy pipe
Adhesion, easy-clear, does not have a great influence to product quality.
Then electromagnetic pulse welder produces high-intensity magnetic field by coil, welded simultaneously mainly by being powered to coil
Jointed tubular workpieces surface produces induced-current, and induced-current produces great magnetic field force and made in acting under radial direction for high-intensity magnetic field
For outside weldings pipe fitting, it is set to produce radial deformation and be connected as a single entity with internal to-be-welded pieces high velocity impact.
Existing collection chinaware, including collection chinaware body, it is described collection chinaware body be in the form of a column, its inward at both ends be recessed to be formed it is recessed
The portion of falling into, a through hole (center that the depressed part for collecting chinaware body both ends is connected is provided with along its axial line on collection chinaware body
Hole), depressed part axial line overlaps with collecting the axial line of chinaware body, a longitudinal joint, its operation principle be present in collection chinaware side wall
As shown in Figure 1.Because collection chinaware side wall has a longitudinal joint, at the gap, the inductive current direction of two parallel surfaces is on the contrary, make
It is mutually exclusive to obtain two parallel surfaces, it is such as long-term use of, cause enlarging at the gap so that centre bore is changed into irregular circle, uses
Life-span is low.
Utility model content
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the utility model provides a kind of electromagnetic pulse welder, can be used in fuel oil
The welding of two kinds of different element mother metals such as welding and copper-titanium alloy pipe of the cleaner aluminum hull from termination, welding difficulty is low, welding
Quality is high, and welding cost is low, environmental protection, collection chinaware service life length, and not enlarging is easy to use.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution of the utility model is as follows：A kind of electromagnetic pulse welder, including collection
Chinaware, in collection chinaware overcoat magnet coil.The collection chinaware includes collection chinaware body, and the both ends of the collection chinaware body are symmetrically set
Depressed part is put, the collection chinaware body sets centre bore, and the center line of centre bore, the axle of both ends depressed part along its axial line
Heart line is with collecting the axial line of chinaware body on the same line, it is characterised in that：The collection chinaware body is by two semicylinders
Docking is formed, and nylon positioning sleeve is respectively embedded into the depressed part at both ends, and to be welded two workpiece insert the Buddhist nun at both ends respectively
In imperial positioning sleeve, and reached after the weld zone socket of two workpiece in centre bore, the nylon positioning sleeve close to both ends is also set up
There is the fixture of clamping workpiece.
Improved by the utility model：Collection chinaware body is formed by two semicylinder docking, is different from prior art
One longitudinal joint, the collection chinaware long-term use are not in the phenomenon of enlarging at gap, and service life is grown.It is and special for some
The weldment of shape is easy to disassemble.
In use, metal works (fuel filter aluminum hull and termination or the alloy of two kinds of different materials by two sockets
Pipe) it is put into magnet coil and is welded, when a solenoid coil is energized, induced-current is produced in chinaware is collected, accordingly in neighbour
Near outer tube produces induced-current again.According to Lenz's law, magnetic field and outer layer work are superimposed caused by magnet coil and collection chinaware
The magnetic direction of part induced inside electric current is on the contrary, mutually exclusive.Therefore, the interaction in two magnetic fields produces powerful repulsive force,
This outer layer workpiece is acted on by an inward radial force, towards radial direction very short time in compressed.Work in high pressure Reeb
Under, force outer layer workpiece to hit internal layer workpiece fiercely with very high speed and kinetic energy, make the metallic atom of ectonexine workpiece
Meet in interatomic distance and mutually extrude, form interatomic combination, and new metallurgy layer is formed in faying face, realize
Welding.
In such scheme：The depressed part is the tapered recess that bore is gradually reduced from outer end to center.Gather magnetic field
Collection, increases operation rate.
In such scheme：The collection chinaware body is made using Cu alloy material.
In such scheme：The fixture is scroll chuck.
Beneficial effect：Using welder of the present utility model, workpiece carries out welding with following by the way of socket
Advantage：
1st, composition surface increases than normal welding, and the force-bearing situation of weld seam is greatly improved, and makes the tensile strength of joint
It is been significantly enhanced with anti-torsional strength, improves the combination property of welding point.
2nd, because electromagnetic pulse is cold welding, no heat affected area is so as to improving the mechanical strength of welding region.Whole weldering
Termination process is without heating, and category solid-state cold pressing Welding, any change, no remnants will not occur for the metallic character of weldment material after welding
Stress.
3rd, two kinds of materials form the metallurgical binding of the stabilization of interatomic distance in soldering face；Solder side is in 360 ° of faces of cylinder,
Weld seam is fine and close and intensity is high；Welding point is aesthetic in appearance, and surface is without impression, not damaged；Welding parameter is accurately controlled, welds matter
Measure reliable and stable, uniformity is good；Speed of welding is fast, and one-shot forming, labor intensity is low, and production efficiency is high, raw suitable for high-volume
Production and automation.
4th, it is low without any scaling powder, solder and protective gas, welding cost；Whole process without it is hot, radiationless, smokeless,
Consumed without waste gas, no-spark, without splashing, without cooling water, no auxiliary material, energy consumption is very low, energy-conserving and environment-protective.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the fundamental diagram of existing collection chinaware.
Fig. 2 is magnetic concentrator structure schematic diagram of the present utility model.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of embodiment 2.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of embodiment 3.
Embodiment
The utility model is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples：
Embodiment 1, electromagnetic pulse welder are made up of collection chinaware 1, magnet coil 2, nylon positioning sleeve 3, fixture 4.
In the collection overcoat magnet coil 2 of chinaware 1, collection chinaware 1 is made up of collection chinaware body 11, depressed part 12, centre bore 13, collected
Chinaware body 11 is formed by the docking of two semicylinders, that is to say, that collection chinaware body 11 is a cylinder along its axial line
Two semicylinders are splitted into, then the two semicylinders are butted into cylinder.Collection chinaware body 11 uses Cu alloy material
It is made.The both ends of collection chinaware body 11 set the depressed part 12 to central concave, and collection chinaware body 11 is set along its axial line
Centre bore 13 is put, the center line of centre bore 13, the axial line of both ends depressed part 12 are with collecting the axial line of chinaware body 11 same
On straight line.The bore of depressed part 12 is more than the aperture of centre bore 13, preferably：Depressed part 12 is that bore gradually subtracts from outer end to center
Small tapered recess, the bore of the small-caliber end of tapered recess are identical with the aperture of centre bore 13.
Nylon positioning sleeve 3 is respectively embedded into the depressed part 12 at both ends, is provided with nylon positioning sleeve 3 for workpiece insertion
Through hole, to be welded two workpiece insert in the nylon positioning sleeve 3 at both ends respectively, and are reached after two workpiece weld zone sockets
In centre bore 13, the nylon positioning sleeve 3 close to both ends is additionally provided with the fixture 4 of clamping workpiece, and preferred fixture 4 is scroll chuck.
The fuel filter aluminum hull of embodiment 2 welds with termination
Also include electromagnetic pulse welder device, electromagnetic pulse welder device includes energy storage cabinet, switch board and work station, controlled
AC power, transformer, high-voltage rectifier and trigger device with filter are provided with cabinet processed, sets electric capacity in energy storage cabinet
Device, vacuum switch；AC power is connected after transformer transformation with high-voltage rectifier, and high-voltage rectifier is connected with capacitor, electricity
Container is connected with vacuum switch；Trigger device includes impulse generator, the signal input part and AC power of the impulse generator
It is connected, signal output part is connected with vacuum switch simultaneously；Magnet coil 2 is connected by coaxial cable with vacuum switch.
Aluminum hull 5, termination 6 are inserted in the nylon positioning sleeve 3 at both ends respectively, and the end sleeve of termination 6 is connected in aluminum hull 5,
And their socket parts are reached in the centre bore of collection chinaware 1, and the axial line of aluminum hull 5 overlaps with the axial line of the axle journal of termination 6, aluminum hull
5 and termination 6 fixed respectively by scroll chuck.
Unbalanced pulse generator, makes capacitor charge, and when charging voltage reaches setting value, system control trigger device is opened
Vacuum switch, make capacitor repid discharge；The welding of aluminum hull 5 and termination 6 is realized by the magnetic force in magnet coil 2.During welding
Weld seam is not in the junction of aluminum hull end face and termination shoulder end face, but in aluminum hull inwall and the cylindrical suit place of termination axle journal
On the whole face of cylinder, composition surface increases 3~5 times (axial lengths for depending on being inserted in part) than normal welding, weld seam by
Power situation is greatly improved, and the tensile strength and anti-torsional strength for making joint are been significantly enhanced, and improve welding point
Combination property.
The welding of the copper-titanium alloy pipe of embodiment 3 or aluminum titanium alloy pipe.
Also include electric supply installation, high voltage charging power supply, capacitor, high-current switch and triggering dress are provided with main box
Put；High voltage charging power supply is connected with capacitor, and capacitor is connected with high-current switch；Trigger device includes impulse generator, should
The signal input controller of impulse generator is connected, and signal output part is connected with high-current switch；Magnet coil passes through coaxial line
Cable is connected with high-current switch.
The pipe fitting of two kinds of different elements is inserted in the nylon positioning sleeve 3 at both ends respectively, the welding ends of one of pipe fitting
It is enclosed in another pipe fitting, and their socket parts are reached in the centre bore of collection chinaware 1, and the axial line of two pipe fittings overlaps.
Unbalanced pulse generator, makes capacitor charge, and when charging voltage reaches setting value, system control trigger device is opened
High-current switch, make capacitor repid discharge；Pulse current during welding will at least reach hundreds of kilo-amperes, by magnet coil
Magnetic force realize the welding of two kinds of metal tubes.Weld seam is not in the knot of pipe fitting end face and another pipe fitting shoulder end face during welding
At conjunction, but on the whole face of cylinder of two pipe fitting suit places, soldering face is many than normal welding weldering increase, due to electromagnetism
Pulse is cold welding, and no heat affected area is so as to improving the mechanical strength of welding region.
The utility model is not limited to above-mentioned specific embodiment, it will be appreciated that one of ordinary skill in the art is without wound
The property made work can makes many modifications and variations according to design of the present utility model.In a word, all technologies in the art
Personnel can be obtained by logical analysis, reasoning, or a limited experiment on the basis of existing technology according to design of the present utility model
The technical scheme arrived, all should be in the protection domain being defined in the patent claims.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of electromagnetic pulse welder, including collection chinaware (1), in collection chinaware (1) overcoat magnet coil (2), the collection magnetic
Device (1) includes collection chinaware body (11), and the both ends of the collection chinaware body (11) are symmetrical arranged depressed part (12), the collection chinaware
Body (11) sets centre bore (13), and the center line of centre bore (13), the axle center of both ends depressed part (12) along its axial line
Line is with collecting the axial line of chinaware body (11) on the same line, it is characterised in that：The collection chinaware body (11) is by two and half
Cylinder docking is formed, and nylon positioning sleeve (3), to be welded two workpiece difference are respectively embedded into the depressed part (12) at both ends
Insert in the nylon positioning sleeve (3) at both ends, and reached after the weld zone socket of two workpiece in centre bore (13), close to both ends
Nylon positioning sleeve (3) be additionally provided with the fixture (4) of clamping workpiece.
2. electromagnetic pulse welder according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The depressed part (12) is bore from outer end
The tapered recess being gradually reduced to center.
3. electromagnetic pulse welder according to claim 1 or claim 2, it is characterised in that：The collection chinaware body (11) uses
Cu alloy material is made.
4. electromagnetic pulse welder according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The fixture (4) is scroll chuck.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201720547826.9U CN206732355U (en) | 2017-05-17 | 2017-05-17 | Electromagnetic pulse welder |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201720547826.9U CN206732355U (en) | 2017-05-17 | 2017-05-17 | Electromagnetic pulse welder |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN206732355U true CN206732355U (en) | 2017-12-12 |
Family
ID=60566171
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201720547826.9U Expired - Fee Related CN206732355U (en) | 2017-05-17 | 2017-05-17 | Electromagnetic pulse welder |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN206732355U (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108274108A (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2018-07-13 | 福州大学 | The device and its working method of electromagnetic pulse welding metal rubber damping sandwich tube |
| CN108941828A (en) * | 2018-09-27 | 2018-12-07 | 武汉理工大学 | A kind of heterogenous metal brazing device and method that semisolid is assisted without brazing flux |
| CN110052694A (en) * | 2019-05-22 | 2019-07-26 | 福州大学 | Pipe-pipe magnetic pulse welding centralising device and centering method |
| CN110369597A (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2019-10-25 | 宁波送变电建设有限公司甬城配电网建设分公司 | A kind of folding collection chinaware of pipe fitting electromagnetic pulse forming |
| CN114669854A (en) * | 2022-02-25 | 2022-06-28 | 重庆大学 | Combined coil, magnetic collector and tool applied to electromagnetic pulse welding |
-
2017
- 2017-05-17 CN CN201720547826.9U patent/CN206732355U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108274108A (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2018-07-13 | 福州大学 | The device and its working method of electromagnetic pulse welding metal rubber damping sandwich tube |
| CN108274108B (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2019-05-10 | 福州大学 | The device and its working method of electromagnetic pulse welding metal rubber damping sandwich tube |
| CN108941828A (en) * | 2018-09-27 | 2018-12-07 | 武汉理工大学 | A kind of heterogenous metal brazing device and method that semisolid is assisted without brazing flux |
| CN108941828B (en) * | 2018-09-27 | 2019-11-26 | 武汉理工大学 | A kind of heterogenous metal brazing device and method that semisolid is assisted without brazing flux |
| CN110052694A (en) * | 2019-05-22 | 2019-07-26 | 福州大学 | Pipe-pipe magnetic pulse welding centralising device and centering method |
| CN110369597A (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2019-10-25 | 宁波送变电建设有限公司甬城配电网建设分公司 | A kind of folding collection chinaware of pipe fitting electromagnetic pulse forming |
| CN110369597B (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2020-11-06 | 宁波送变电建设有限公司甬城配电网建设分公司 | Opening and closing magnetic collector for pipe electromagnetic pulse forming |
| CN114669854A (en) * | 2022-02-25 | 2022-06-28 | 重庆大学 | Combined coil, magnetic collector and tool applied to electromagnetic pulse welding |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20171212 |