CN206370832U - Collecting fiber unit - Google Patents
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- CN206370832U CN206370832U CN201621466757.0U CN201621466757U CN206370832U CN 206370832 U CN206370832 U CN 206370832U CN 201621466757 U CN201621466757 U CN 201621466757U CN 206370832 U CN206370832 U CN 206370832U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of collecting fiber unit, belong to electricity consumption data collecting unit technical field.The collecting fiber unit includes micro-control unit, at least 2 road RS485 circuits, optical communication circuit, storage chip and power module.The collecting fiber unit that the utility model is provided, go upward to the transmission means that main website uses high speed fibre, mass data transfers can be carried and communication link is more stablized, come downwards to ammeter and RS485 buses are increased into multichannel, all can non-interfering independent parallel operation per road 485 bus, the transformation of upstream and downstream transmission channel causes the ability of electricity consumption data collection to be substantially improved, and can fully meet current power data acquisition frequent and high-precision needs.
Description
Technical field
The utility model is related to a kind of electricity consumption data collecting unit, especially a kind of collecting fiber unit.
Background technology
Power information acquisition system has great significance to electric power enterprise operation and asset management, with acquisition range
Extensively, quantity it is many, it is ageing strong the features such as, should meet it is real-time, stably, efficiently, the basic demand such as reliable.And electricity consumption traditional at present
Information acquisition system carries out ammeter data collection using collector and concentrator：Collector uses single channel RS485 and number in electricity box
The connection of ten ammeters, the data of copy reading are sent to concentrator by power carrier, then data are passed through into 2G/3G/ by concentrator
Mode wired 4G/ is back to acquisition system main website.Because RS485 buses can not do the automatic arbitration of bus, that is, not
Data can be sent simultaneously to avoid bus contention, and single RS485 communication efficiency is necessarily low；Meanwhile, power carrier also has
The defect such as transmission rate is low, be easily disturbed, which results in the data transfer real-time and reliability of electricity consumption acquisition system it is poor,
The low present situation of data acquisition efficiency, has seriously constrained the application and development of low-voltage power data acquisition.
Current intelligent electric meter is set with powering enterprises as principal components, and its function does not all account for the experience of electricity consumption user
And demand；Due to being limited by infield position and safety precautions and a series of objective factors such as anti-electricity-theft influence, use
Inquiry and operation of the family to intelligent electric meter all seem extremely inconvenient, and directly intelligent electric meter can be looked into user's indoor installation
Ask and the wisdom electric energy terminal of operation significantly improves this present situation.Obviously, using current existing power circuit, pass through electric power
It is to balance cost input and the best solution of practical function that carrier-wave transmission intelligent electric meter data are indoor to user, but with electricity
Table inquiry and the increase of operation equipment, if arbitrarily initiate communication with leaving wisdom electric energy terminal disorder, what power carrier conflicted can
Energy property will constantly increase, and the efficiency of data transfer will be reduced constantly, and Consumer's Experience also will cause this solution worse and worse
Good promotion and application can not be obtained.
As socio-economic development increasingly strengthens the degree of dependence of electric energy, society need more high-quality, it is safe and stable,
Reliably, economic electric energy, higher requirement is proposed to the planning construction of electric power enterprise, operation management and marketing service, this is just
So that becoming important all the more for the data supporting that electric power enterprise provides analysis decision.For the thin of traditional power information acquisition system
Weak link, low pressure electricity consumption data acquisition system is actively developed by present information, communication and control technology, realize magnanimity, in real time,
Stable, efficient, reliable low-voltage power data acquisition, it has also become power industry responds actively the common choice of Challenges for Future.
The content of the invention
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the utility model provides a kind of collecting fiber unit, goes upward to main website and adopts
With the transmission means of high speed fibre, come downwards to ammeter and RS485 buses are increased into multichannel, all can non-interfering independence per road 485
Parallel operation, the transformation of upstream and downstream transmission channel causes the ability of data acquisition to be substantially improved.
The utility model solves the technical scheme that its technical problem used：A kind of collecting fiber unit, including：
Micro-control unit, for operation program instruction, control miscellaneous part work；
At least 2 road RS485 circuits, are connected with the micro-control unit respectively per road RS485 circuits, for by microcontroller list
The data of member transmission, are converted into the RS485 signals of standard, make ammeter identification reception, while the standard RS485 that ammeter is returned believes
Number, it is converted into the packet that micro-control unit can be recognized；
Optical communication circuit, is connected with the micro-control unit, for being built between micro-control unit and outside fiber plant
Vertical communication hardware link, allows micro-control unit mutually to be communicated with external network；
Storage chip, is connected with the micro-control unit, for storing what is connected on collecting fiber unit R S485 ports
Ammeter number, device parameter and logout；
Power module, is connected with the micro-control unit, for being powered to the collecting fiber unit.
More excellent, it is described to include RS485 communication chips and isolation protective circuit per road RS485 circuits.
More excellent, the isolation protective circuit includes opto-coupler chip.
More excellent, the optical communication circuit includes optic communication chip and optical module.
More excellent, the collecting fiber unit also includes：
Network port circuit, is connected with the micro-control unit, for being set up between micro-control unit and outside network port device
Communication hardware link, allows micro-control unit mutually to be communicated with external network；
Infrared receiving/transmission circuit, is connected with the micro-control unit, for the data conversion of transmitting micro-control unit into mark
Accurate infrared signal, makes the identification reception of write by hand device；The standard IR optical signal that write by hand device is returned simultaneously, is converted into microcontroller
The packet that unit can be recognized；
Indicator light circuit, is connected with the micro-control unit, the working condition for showing the collecting fiber unit in real time；
Clock chip, is connected with the micro-control unit, for timing.
More excellent, the collecting fiber unit also includes carrier module, and the carrier module is connected with the micro-control unit,
Data for micro-control unit to be transmitted are converted to the carrier signal of standard, receive wisdom electric energy terminal recognition；Simultaneously will
The standard carrier signal that wisdom electric energy terminal is returned, is converted into the packet that micro-control unit can be recognized；
The power module is also connected with carrier module, for being powered to carrier module.
More excellent, the power module includes EMC protection circuits.
More excellent, the A phase, B phase, C phase that the EMC protection circuits are included in the input circuit of power supply is respectively gone here and there respectively with N phases
Join 1 inductance；Between the A phases and N phases of the power supply, between B phases and N phases, each 1 Y electricity in parallel respectively between C phases and N phases
Hold；1 diode and 1 piezo-resistance are respectively respectively connected in the A phases, B phases and C phases of the power supply.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are：
1st, the collecting fiber unit that the utility model is provided, goes upward to the transmission means that main website uses high speed fibre, can hold
Carry mass data transfers and communication link is more stablized, come downwards to ammeter and RS485 buses are increased into multichannel, it is total per road 485
Line can all not interfere with each other independent parallel operation, and the transformation of upstream and downstream transmission channel causes the ability of data acquisition to be substantially improved,
Current power data acquisition frequent and high-precision needs can be fully met.
2nd, between RS485 communication chips and micro-control unit, insulation blocking is done using opto-coupler chip, protected by Phototube Coupling
Protection circuit, comes micro control unit circuit system and RS485 peripheral circuit systems are electrically completely isolated, substantially increases micro-control
The noiseproof feature of element circuit system processed, so as to improve the reliability of circuit system, on the other hand, electrical isolation system can be with
Common-mode voltage formation current loop is prevented, so as to prevent circuit system accidental damage.
3rd, due to there is power carrier before power supply, thus can not differential mode capacitor directly in parallel and common mode capacitance as protection,
Otherwise power carrier signal can be absorbed, causes power carrier signal to decay.Therefore four have been sealed in first in power input circuit
Inductance, is respectively connected to ABC three-phases and N phases, then respectively between phase and N and connects Y capacitance in ABC again, carries out three relative zero line common modes
Filtering, then rectifications are carried out by three diode pair three-phase alternating currents, and in the power supply after rectification and connect a piezo-resistance.
When causing supply voltage to raise extremely due to lightning surge electric current on power network and reaching the operation voltage of piezo-resistance, pressure-sensitive electricity
Resistance conducting, so as to absorb surge energy.In three-phase phase line, except tandem electric inductance, resistance is also concatenated, due to complete machine power supply work(
Consume relatively low (2W), therefore mains input current is smaller, the resistance of concatenation and the D.C. resistance of inductance do not result in any influence.But
Due to the presence of rear end rectifying and wave-filtering electric capacity, by RC series circuits, so that electric capacity both end voltage can not be mutated, therefore work as
When lightning surge electric current occurs, Switching Power Supply input voltage can also keep relatively more steady, so as to improve power-supply system reliability.
4th, by carrier module, the collecting fiber unit can pass through power carrier automatic detection and the indoor intelligence of management user
Intelligent electric energy terminal, and establish the mechanism that terminal data sends and receives, it is to avoid terminal disorder sends data to disturb electric power
Circuit, causes the phenomenon of wave carrier conflict to occur.By infrared receiving/transmission circuit, intercommunication can be carried out with outside infrared equipment, met
The demand of write by hand device meter reading.By network port circuit, intercommunication can be carried out with external network, meet equipment and set and digital independent
Demand.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the collecting fiber cellular construction schematic diagram of the utility model embodiment 1；
Fig. 2 is the RS485 circuit figures of the collecting fiber unit of the utility model embodiment 1；
Fig. 3 is the optical communication circuit and network port circuit circuit diagram of the collecting fiber unit of the utility model embodiment 1；
Fig. 4 is the collecting fiber cellular construction schematic diagram of the utility model embodiment 2；
Fig. 5 is the power module EMC protection circuit circuit diagrams of the collecting fiber unit of the utility model embodiment 2；
Fig. 6 is the ammeter data acquisition method flow chart of the collecting fiber unit of the utility model embodiment 2；
Fig. 7 is the collecting fiber unit of the utility model embodiment 2 and main website network connection state overhaul flow chart；
Fig. 8 is the wisdom electric energy endpoint registration of the utility model embodiment 2 to collecting fiber unit flow chart；
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of the power information acquisition system of the utility model embodiment 2；
Figure 10 is that the power information acquisition system main website of the utility model embodiment 2 receives the login of collecting fiber unit and heartbeat
Monitor flow chart；
Figure 11 is the power information acquisition system main website meter reading flow chart of the utility model embodiment 2；
Figure 12 is the power information acquisition system wisdom electric energy terminal inquiry ammeter data flow of the utility model embodiment 2
Figure.
Embodiment
The utility model is further illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Embodiment 1：
As shown in figure 1, the utility model provides a kind of collecting fiber unit, including：
MCU, for operation program instruction, control miscellaneous part work.
5 road RS485 circuits, are connected with MCU respectively per road RS485 circuits, for the data for transmitting MCU, are converted into mark
Accurate RS485 signals, make ammeter identification reception；The standard RS485 signals that ammeter is returned simultaneously, are converted into micro-control unit energy
The packet of identification.
As shown in Fig. 2 including RS485 communication chips and isolation protective circuit per road RS485 circuits.RS485 chips and MCU
Between, insulation blocking is done using opto-coupler chip, by photoelectric isolating circuit, by processor circuitry and RS485 peripheral circuits
System electrical is completely isolated to come, and substantially increases the noiseproof feature of processor system, so as to improve the reliable of circuit system
Property, on the other hand, electrical isolation system can prevent common-mode voltage formation current loop, so as to prevent circuit system from surprisingly damaging
It is bad.
Optical communication circuit, as shown in figure 3, be connected with MCU, it is hard for setting up communication between MCU and outside fiber plant
Part link, allows MCU mutually to be communicated with external network.Optical communication circuit includes optic communication chip and optical module.
Storage chip, is connected with MCU, for storing the ammeter number connected on collecting fiber unit R S485 ports, equipment
Parameter and logout etc..
Power module, is connected with MCU, for being powered to the collecting fiber unit.
Network port circuit, as shown in figure 3, being connected with MCU, for setting up communication hardware between MCU and outside network port device
Link, allows MCU mutually to be communicated with external network, meets the demand of equipment setting and digital independent.
Infrared receiving/transmission circuit, is connected with MCU, for the data conversion of transmitting MCU into standard infrared signal, so as to
The identification of write by hand device is received；The standard IR optical signal that write by hand device is returned simultaneously, is converted into the packet that MCU can be recognized.
Indicator light circuit, is connected with MCU, the working condition for showing the collecting fiber unit in real time.
Clock chip, is connected with MCU, for timing.
The collecting fiber unit, goes upward to the transmission means that main website uses high speed fibre, can carry mass data transfers simultaneously
So that communication link is more stablized, come downwards to ammeter and RS485 buses are increased into 5 tunnels, all can be non-interfering only per the bus of road 485
Vertical parallel operation, the transformation of upstream and downstream transmission channel causes the ability of electricity consumption data collection to be substantially improved, and can fully meet and work as
Preceding electric power data acquisition frequent and high-precision needs.
Embodiment 2：
The utility model additionally provides a kind of more excellent collecting fiber unit, as shown in figure 4, in Fig. 1 institutes of above-described embodiment 1
On the basis of the collecting fiber unit shown, in addition to：
Carrier module, carrier module is connected with MCU, the carrier signal for the MCU data transmitted to be converted to standard, makes
Wisdom electric energy terminal recognition is received；The standard carrier signal that wisdom electric energy terminal is returned simultaneously, is converted into the number that MCU can be recognized
According to bag.
Power module, is also connected with carrier module, for being powered to carrier module.Power module include AC-DC units and
DC-DC units, AC-DC module, which becomes input AC 220V, is pressed onto direct current 5V outputs, is that carrier module and collecting fiber unit are supplied
Direct current 5V is boosted to 12V and exported by electricity, DC-DC module, is used for carrier module.
As shown in figure 5, power module also includes EMC protection circuits, EMC protection circuits are included in the input circuit of power supply
A phase, B phase, C phase and each 1 inductance of connecting respectively of N phases；Between power supply A phases and N phases, between B phases and N phases, C phases and N phases it
Between each respectively and connect 1 Y capacitance；1 diode and 1 piezo-resistance are respectively respectively connected in A phases, B phases and C phases.Due to power supply
Above there is power carrier, therefore directly parallel connection differential mode capacitor and common mode capacitance can not be used to protect, otherwise can absorb power carrier
Signal, causes power carrier signal to decay.Therefore four inductance have been sealed in first in power input circuit, be respectively connected to ABC tri-
Phase and N phases, it is then in parallel between each phases of ABC and N phases again to access Y capacitance, three relative zero line common mode filterings are carried out, then by three
Individual diode pair three-phase alternating current carries out rectification, and accesses a piezo-resistance in the power supply after rectification.When on power network due to
When lightning surge electric current causes supply voltage to raise extremely and reaches the operation voltage of piezo-resistance, piezo-resistance conducting, so that
Absorb surge energy.In three-phase phase line, except tandem electric inductance, resistance has also been concatenated, because complete machine power supply power consumption is relatively low (2W),
Therefore mains input current is smaller, and what influence the resistance of concatenation and the D.C. resistance of inductance do not result in.But because rear end is whole
The presence of filter capacitor is flowed, by RC series circuits, so that electric capacity both end voltage can not be mutated, therefore when lightning surge electricity
When stream occurs, Switching Power Supply input voltage can also keep relatively more steady, so as to improve power-supply system reliability.
Collecting fiber unit of the present utility model instead of the operational mode of traditional concentrator+collector.The optical fiber is adopted
Collection unit is equipped with optical fiber, Ethernet, carrier module, infrared communication and multichannel RS485 interfaces, and each interface independent parallel is run,
Pass through MCU co-ordinations.The transmission means that main website uses high speed fibre/Ethernet is gone upward to, mass data transfers can be carried
And communication link is more stablized, and come downwards to ammeter and RS485 buses are increased into multichannel, all can be non-interfering only per road 485
Vertical parallel operation, the transformation of upstream and downstream transmission channel causes the ability of electricity consumption data collection to be substantially improved, and can fully meet and work as
Preceding electric power data acquisition frequent and high-precision needs；Meanwhile, the collecting fiber unit can pass through power carrier automatic detection
The indoor wisdom electric energy terminal with management user, and establish the mechanism that terminal data sends and receives, it is to avoid terminal disorder is sent out
Send data to disturb power circuit, cause the phenomenon of wave carrier conflict to occur；Infrared receiving/transmission circuit be mainly used in device parameter read and
Write-in.
Collecting fiber unit of the present utility model is also equipped with data in addition to possessing high-speed data acquisition and transmission characteristic
Turn and function of exchange, data transfer is carried out between main website, ammeter and indoor wisdom electric energy terminal, such as main website and electricity
Table, main website and terminal, ammeter and terminal.
The utility model additionally provides a kind of electricity consumption data acquisition method according to above-mentioned collecting fiber unit, such as Fig. 6 institutes
Show, including：
（1）Optical communication circuit/network port circuit receives the meter reading instruction that main website issues and is transferred to micro-control unit；
（2）Micro-control unit parsing meter reading instruction determines corresponding 485 port；
（3）Micro-control unit order sends the meter reading order with table number to each 485 port；
（4）Each 485 port of micro-control unit taking turn, intercepts ammeter returned data；
（5）Micro-control unit receives ammeter returned data, and main website is returned by optical communication circuit/network port circuit.
The operation principle of collecting fiber unit of the present utility model：
1st, collecting fiber unit is linked by optical port/network interface and debugging software, and realization checks its running status and sets work
Make parameter.
Run on PC and TCP serve ports are set up after debugging software, running software, waiting facilities connection.Collecting fiber list
In member after electricity, MCU operations, by its SPI interface, by 33 Europe protective resistances（R75-R78）, piece is selected, clock, data input
And data output, reset signal is transferred to network chip（U4）.Network chip（U4）Communication bag is converted into network transmission telecommunications
Number, pass through network transformer driving chip（T1）Fiber optic network exchanger chip is sent to after enhancing signal（SFP
interface）CH2 interfaces, by fiber optic network exchanger chip（SFP interface）Forwarding, CH2 interface signals are turned
Onto CH1 interfaces, CH1 interfaces connect the TCP serve ports at PC ends by JP3 network interfaces connected with network cable, set up socket companies
Connect, after socket successful connections, collecting fiber unit can carry out state by debugging software and check or arrange parameter.
2nd, the communication mechanism of collecting fiber unit and main website.
（1）Collecting fiber unit is set up TCP by optical port/network interface and main website server and linked and communicating data.
Run at main website server end and TCP serve ports are set up after Master Station Software, running software, waiting facilities connection.Light
On fine collecting unit after electricity, MCU operations, by its SPI interface, by 33 Europe protective resistances（R75-R78）, piece is selected, clock,
Data input and data output, reset signal are transferred to network chip（U4）.Network chip（U4）Communication bag is converted into network
Transmitting telecommunication number, passes through network transformer driving chip（T1）Pass through fiber optic network exchanger chip afterwards（SFP interface）,
Pass through 0.1uF capacitance（C66-C69）, network transmission electric signal is converted into the differential signal needed for optical module, passed through
（CON1）Driving optical module converts electrical signals to optical signal and is delivered to main website by optical fiber, so as to actively be carried out with main website
Socket connections, after socket successful connections, collecting fiber unit enters row information according to appointment data form with main website and exchanged.Such as
Fruit connection midway disconnects, and collecting fiber unit can Auto-reconnect.
（2）As shown in fig. 7, optical port/network interface of collecting fiber unit is detected with main website server network connection state：
1. optical port/network interface network connection state needs to inspect periodically, and proof cycle is 20 seconds, to ensure that communication process is steady
It is fixed reliable.
2. the normal mechanism that ensures to communicate is：If never receiving main website number inspecting periodically cycle inner fiber collecting unit
According to the heartbeat packet of a regulation agreement is actively initiated in the timing of collecting fiber unit, and main website can return to one immediately under normal circumstances
Packet.Collecting fiber unit, which is received, judges that connection is normal after packet, on the contrary then judge Network Abnormal.
Connection procedure：The MCU timings of collecting fiber unit are packed the heartbeat packet of what a regulation agreement, and MCU passes through its SPI
Interface, by 33 Europe resistance, piece is selected, clock, heartbeat packet is transferred to network by data input and data output, reset signal
Chip（U4）.Network chip（U4）Communication bag is converted into network transmission electric signal, passes through network transformer driving chip（T1）
Pass through fiber optic network exchanger chip afterwards（SFP interface）, pass through 0.1uF isolation capacitances（C66-C69）, network is passed
Power transmission signal is converted into the differential signal needed for optical module, passes through（CON1）Driving optical module converts electrical signals to optical signal and led to
Cross optical fiber and heartbeat packet is delivered to main website.
Main website receives and responds a response bag after heartbeat packet immediately, and sends the response bag by optical fiber, and instruction passes through
Optical fiber is sent on the optical module of collecting fiber unit, and optical module transforms into optical signal the electric signal of difference（TD and RD）,
By capacitance（C66-C69）, differential signal is passed into fiber optic network exchanger chip（SFP interface）, optical fiber
Network switch chip（SFP interface）Network interface signal is converted the signal to, by CH2 ports, signal is passed into net
Road transformer（T1）, networking transformer（T1）After the safe voltage for being 3.3V by network signal transformation, signal is passed into network interface
Turn SPI chips（U4）,（U4）Network interface signal is converted into the data signal of SPI protocol, passes through 33 Europe protective resistances（R75-R78）
Pass to the MCU of collecting fiber unit.
If 3. successful connection, the step of continuing 2., anomalous counts value is reset；
If 4. connection failure, the step of continuing 2., anomalous counts value increases by 1 time, after multiple connection failure, and MCU is initiated
Initiating hardware is instructed, and equipment is restarted；
5. main website connection flow is continued after restarting.
（3）Main website gathers front end ammeter data by collecting fiber unit.
When main website needs to obtain front end ammeter data, main website will instruct packing and be sent to collecting fiber unit by optical fiber
Optical module on, optical module transforms into optical signal the electric signal of difference（TD and RD）, by capacitance（C66-C69）,
Differential signal is passed into fiber optic network exchanger chip（SFP interface）, fiber optic network exchanger chip（SFP
interface）Network interface signal is converted the signal to, by CH2 ports, signal is passed into networking transformer（T1）, networking becomes
Depressor（T1）After the safe voltage for being 3.3V by network signal transformation, signal is passed into network interface and turns SPI chips（U4）,（U4）Will
Network interface signal is converted into the data signal of SPI protocol, passes through 33 Europe protective resistances（R75-R78）Pass to MCU.MCU identifications are logical
After letter bag, the port to be inquired about is parsed, the corresponding order of packing enables corresponding 485 chip by 485E lines, passed through
485TX lines send order, and signal is by optocoupler after 1K protective resistance, and control optocoupler produces signal and is transferred to 485 chips,
485 chips convert the signal to the differential signal of 485 forms, are sent to front end ammeter.Ammeter is passed by above-mentioned opposite path
Delivery data is ultimately transferred to main website, completion once communicates to MCU after MCU identification communication bags by above-mentioned reverse path.
3rd, collecting fiber unit and indoor wisdom electric energy terminal called mechanism.
（1）As shown in figure 8, wisdom electric energy endpoint registration is to collecting fiber unit flow.
Wisdom electric energy terminal part：If not binding ammeter after the energization of wisdom electric energy terminal, it may require that user binds
Electric card, after user inserts electric card, obtains ammeter number from electric card；Wisdom electric energy terminal according to protocol specification using ammeter as
After the packing of address, carrier module, carrier module demodulation are passed to by U2TXD and U2RXD lines with baud rate 1000bps speed
Afterwards, the MCU of collecting fiber unit is passed data to by power line.
Wisdom electric energy terminal monitors the return signal that succeeds in registration by carrier module, if without reply, separated in time
After resend the registration packet.Have and stop sending registration packet after reply.
Collecting fiber cell mesh：Collecting fiber unit meeting monitoring carrier wave module by signal, meets communication when having in power line
The carrier data bag of agreement, carrier module, carrier wave are passed to baud rate 1000bps speed by U2TXD and U2RXD lines
After module demodulation, the MCU of collecting fiber unit is passed data to by power line；The MCU parsing data of collecting fiber unit
Bag content, if judging the registration packet from wisdom electric energy terminal, then enters table number in bag with the table number in storage chip
Row is compared；If without the table number, abandoning the packet, error message feeds back to intelligence after being modulated by carrier module by power line
Intelligent electric energy terminal；If there is the table number, store wisdom electric energy end message and associated with ammeter, binding information passes through carrier module
Wisdom electric energy terminal is fed back to by power line after modulation；If the table number with wisdom electric energy terminal association, binding information lead to
Wisdom electric energy terminal is fed back to by power line after crossing carrier module modulation.
（2）Collecting fiber unit copy reading ammeter data is simultaneously sent to wisdom electric energy terminal.
Because the secondary side of a transformer there may be multiple collecting fiber units, to avoid multiple collecting fiber units
Unordered transmission carrier data, then carry out centralized configuration and scheduling by main website to collecting fiber unit.Main website is with a transformer two
All collecting fiber units of secondary side are that scope is made a plan task, are time interval using 5 minutes as each collecting fiber unit
Configuration different task time.
After time is up for plan target, assignment instructions are sent to the optical module of collecting fiber unit by optical fiber by main website
On, optical module transforms into optical signal the electric signal of difference（TD and RD）, by capacitance（C66-C69）, difference is believed
Number pass to fiber optic network exchanger chip（SFP interface）, fiber optic network exchanger chip（SFP interface）Will
Signal is converted into network interface signal, and by CH2 ports, signal is passed into networking transformer（T1）, networking transformer（T1）By net
After network signal transformation is 3.3V safe voltage, signal is passed into network interface and turns SPI chips（U4）,（U4）Network interface signal is converted
For the data signal of SPI protocol, pass through 33 Europe protective resistances（R75-R78）Pass to the MCU of collecting fiber unit.
MCU has bound the ammeter number of wisdom electric energy terminal by reading in storage chip, obtain corresponding RS485 interfaces.
Order is forwarded to corresponding RS485 interfaces during MCU high-ranking officers, is sent and ordered by 485TX lines, and signal passes through 1K guarantor
Protect by optocoupler after resistance, control optocoupler produces signal and is transferred to 485 chips, and 485 chips convert the signal to the difference of 485 forms
Sub-signal, front end ammeter is sent to by copy reading instruction.
When the ammeter of corresponding address receives the order and school, after by implementing result by 485 chips be converted into difference believe
Number, corresponding RS485 chips are passed to, 485 chips export the level signal that differential signal is converted into TTL from RO ports, control
The switch of optocoupler processed, produces the TTL electric signals for meeting MCU level voltages, passes MCU 485TX back by the protective resistance in 510 Europe
Pin, MCU receives and identifies the signal.
The MCU of collecting fiber unit waited for 485 times for returning to the instruction passback of wall scroll data reading system be 500ms, if data
Passback time-out, MCU logs simultaneously return main website.
If receiving return data, the carrier signal on power line is intercepted by the pin of carrier module, if there are other
Carrier signal is then waited；If nothing, ordered during MCU high-ranking officers, data are sent and waited by carrier module.
Indoor wisdom electric energy terminal receives data and stored, and then returns implementing result.
If collecting fiber unit waits passback result time-out, intercepting carrier signal is simultaneously retransmitted；If receiving passback result,
Then return main website.
4th, the mechanism that collecting fiber unit multichannel 485 is controlled：
MCU 5 independent serials mouthful pass through 5 road RS485 interface circuits of RS485 chip drives 5 respectively.Equipment is using more
Tasking operating system controls multichannel RS485 circuits, and each every 1 road RS485 circuits of task control remove pipe by a corresponding task
Reason, multiple tasks can run parallel, then RS485 circuits each other without interference with.Start 5 lines when device power is initialized
Journey, controls 5 RS485 bus circuits respectively.When needing to gather the ammeter data in some RS485 bus, MCU passes through corresponding
Thread send request of data to the bus of road 485, corresponding ammeter is received after request command, return data, complete once
Communication process.Data above communication process can be initiated from MCU orders to each bus, because MCU speed is exceedingly fast, while being again
Multi-task mechanism, is the equal of that multichannel RS485 buses work at the same time, can be within the time once communicated, while completing 5
The data communication gatherer process of 485 buses.
Further to improve the transmission speed of data, the baud rate default setting per road RS485 is 9600bps.Each
485 buses can connect multiple ammeters, and MCU, which is sent in RS485 packet, includes electric meter address ID, is sent in 485 buses
One packet, ammeter receive resolve command bag after the order contrast the address ID of oneself and order bag in address ID whether phase
Together, although all ammeters can receive the order, but ammeter only corresponding with address just can returned data.
The utility model provides a kind of power information acquisition system, including main website and ammeter, in addition to embodiment 1 institute
The collecting fiber unit stated.
As shown in figure 9, the utility model additionally provides a kind of more preferably power information acquisition system, including main website, ammeter
With wisdom electric energy terminal, in addition to the more preferably collecting fiber unit described in embodiment 2.
As shown in Figure 10, in power information acquisition system, including main website receives collecting fiber unit and logged in and heartbeat prison
Listen flow.
1st, main website initialization ammeter and collecting fiber unit（Containing port）Configuration information.
2nd, collecting fiber unit logging request is monitored by main website.Main website is received after logging request, judges to work as by configuration information
Whether the collecting fiber unit of preceding connection is effective, if invalid active break link, is logined successfully if effectively, while to light
Fine collecting unit, which is returned, to be logged in confirmation and keeps connecting.
3rd, to listed collecting fiber unit, main website timing 10 minutes simultaneously monitors the heartbeat letter that collecting fiber unit is sent
Breath, if receiving heartbeat message, updates connection status and simultaneously returns to confirmation, is actively disconnected if time-out is not received and more
New connection status.
As shown in figure 11, in power information acquisition system, including main website passes through the flow of collecting fiber unit meter reading.
1st, meter reading task is copied or planned to main website initiate point.
2nd, main station judging task priority and queue up.
3rd, main website finds corresponding connection by ammeter and collecting fiber unit configuration information, and by way of circulation to
Multigroup 485 passage on collecting fiber unit sends meter reading instruction, and same group of 485 channel attached instructions pass through under queueing form
Hair.
4th, collecting fiber unit receives instruction and analysis protocol, then to the ammeter transmission meter reading order for specifying 485 ports,
Receive ammeter data and return to main website.
5th, main website timing and by endless form monitor collecting fiber unit each group of 485 ports whether receive return number
According to.If time-out does not receive returned data, next acquisition in queue is issued at once, while judging whether to have timed out three
It is secondary, if having timed out three times, event log is recorded, if having not timed out three times, benefit is initiated and copies task, side by side to task queue end
And wait is issued.
6th, main website receives the data of copy reading, parses and stores the data.
7th, whether there is the order not issued in main station judging queue, have, issue at once, nothing then terminates flow.
As shown in figure 12, in power information collection inquiry system, the stream of wisdom electric energy terminal inquiry ammeter information is included
Journey：
1st, the generation of wisdom electric energy terminal includes the query statement of electric meter address, and carrier module is sent to by power line；
2nd, query statement is sent to collecting fiber unit after carrier module decoding；
3rd, the electric meter address in the electric meter address and storage chip in query statement is compared collecting fiber unit, obtains
To the corresponding RS485 ports of electric meter address；
4th, query statement is forwarded to corresponding RS485 ports by collecting fiber unit；
5th, ammeter returns data to RS485 ports, and collecting fiber unit receives ammeter returned data；
6th, ammeter returned data is sent to carrier module by collecting fiber unit；
7th, ammeter returned data is sent to wisdom electric energy terminal by carrier module, and flow terminates.
Illustrate the operation principle of the power information acquisition system exemplified by flow when school below：
（1）" main website "（Optical port/network interface）/ " ammeter "（The 485 of particular port）Between data forwarding：
Order and sent by optical fiber during the school that main website generation includes electric meter address, instruction is sent to optical fiber by optical fiber and adopted
On the optical module for collecting unit, optical module transforms into optical signal the electric signal of difference（TD and RD）, by capacitance（C66-
C69）, differential signal is passed into fiber optic network exchanger chip（SFP interface）, fiber optic network exchanger chip（SFP
interface）Network interface signal is converted the signal to, by CH2 ports, signal is passed into networking transformer（T1）, networking becomes
Depressor（T1）After the safe voltage for being 3.3V by network signal transformation, signal is passed into network interface and turns SPI chips（U4）,（U4）Will
Network interface signal is converted into the data signal of SPI protocol, passes through 33 Europe protective resistances（R75-R78）Transmit MCU；
Address in electric meter address and storage chip in instruction is compared MCU, and correspondence is said with regard to that can obtain the address
That RS485 interface；
Order is forwarded to corresponding RS485 interfaces during MCU high-ranking officers, enables corresponding 485 chip by 485E lines, passes through
485TX lines send order, and signal is by optocoupler after 1K protective resistance, and control optocoupler produces signal and is transferred to 485 chips,
485 chips convert the signal to the differential signal of 485 forms, are sent to front end ammeter；
When the ammeter of corresponding address receives the order and school, after by implementing result by 485 chips be converted into difference believe
Number, corresponding RS485 chips are passed to, 485 chips export the level signal that differential signal is converted into TTL from RO ports, control
The switch of optocoupler processed, produces the TTL electric signals for meeting MCU level voltages, passes MCU 485TX back by the protective resistance in 510 Europe
Pin, MCU receives and identifies the signal；
Corresponding RS485 interfaces are to " implementing result ", and MCU, by 33 Europe resistance, piece is selected by its SPI interface,
Clock, data input and data output, reset signal are transferred to network chip（U4）.Network chip（U4）Communication bag is converted into
Network transmission electric signal, passes through network transformer driving chip（T1）Pass through fiber optic network exchanger chip afterwards（SFP
interface）, pass through 0.1uF isolation capacitance（C66-C69）, network transmission electric signal is converted into the difference needed for optical module
Sub-signal, passes through（CON1）Driving optical module converts electrical signals to optical signal and " implementing result " is delivered into master by optical fiber
Stand.Flow terminates；
（2）" main website "（Optical port/network interface）/ " indoor terminal "（Carrier wave）Between data forwarding；
Order and sent by optical fiber during the school that main website generation includes electric meter address, instruction is sent to optical fiber by optical fiber and adopted
On the optical module for collecting unit, optical module transforms into optical signal the electric signal of difference（TD and RD）, by capacitance（C66-
C69）, differential signal is passed into fiber optic network exchanger chip（SFP interface）, fiber optic network exchanger chip（SFP
interface）Network interface signal is converted the signal to, by CH2 ports, signal is passed into networking transformer（T1）, networking becomes
Depressor（T1）After the safe voltage for being 3.3V by network signal transformation, signal is passed into network interface and turns SPI chips（U4）,（U4）Will
Network interface signal is converted into the data signal of SPI protocol, passes through 33 Europe protective resistances（R75-R78）Pass to MCU；
The carrier signal on power line is intercepted by the pin of carrier module, is waited if there are other carrier signals；If nothing,
Then order, sent order during MCU high-ranking officers by carrier module；
When indoor terminal receives the order and school, then implementing result is returned；
MCU is received " implementing result " by carrier module, and MCU, by 33 Europe resistance, piece is selected by its SPI interface,
Clock, data input and data output, reset signal are transferred to network chip（U4）.Network chip（U4）Communication bag is converted into
Network transmission electric signal, passes through network transformer driving chip（T1）Pass through fiber optic network exchanger chip afterwards（SFP
interface）, pass through 0.1uF isolation capacitance（C66-C69）, network transmission electric signal is converted into the difference needed for optical module
Sub-signal, passes through（CON1）Driving optical module converts electrical signals to optical signal and " implementing result " is delivered into master by optical fiber
Stand；
" implementing result " is back to main website, and flow terminates.
（3）" ammeter "（The 485 of particular port）/ " indoor terminal "（Carrier wave）Between data forwarding；
Wisdom electric energy terminal will be inquired to corresponding ammeter information, and first with the protocol specification appointed, generation is included
The querying command of electric meter address.On the carrier module that wisdom electric energy terminal is delivered to by power line, carrier module decoding after with
Baud rate 1000bps speed passes to MCU by U2TXD and U2RXD lines；
Address in electric meter address and storage chip in instruction is compared MCU, and correspondence is said with regard to that can obtain the address
That RS485 interface；
Order is forwarded to corresponding RS485 interfaces during MCU high-ranking officers, enables corresponding 485 chip by 485E lines, passes through
485TX lines send order, and signal is by optocoupler after 1K protective resistance, and control optocoupler produces signal and is transferred to 485 chips,
485 chips convert the signal to the differential signal of 485 forms, are sent to front end ammeter；
When the ammeter of corresponding address receives the order and school, after by implementing result by 485 chips be converted into difference believe
Number, corresponding RS485 chips are passed to, 485 chips export the level signal that differential signal is converted into TTL from RO ports, control
The switch of optocoupler processed, produces the TTL electric signals for meeting MCU level voltages, passes MCU 485TX back by the protective resistance in 510 Europe
Pin, MCU receives and identifies the signal；
The MCU protocol specifications appointed, generation includes the commands in return of electric meter address, with baud rate 1000bps speed
Rate passes to carrier module by U2TXD and U2RXD lines, and it is whole that data transfer is returned wisdom electric energy by carrier module by power line
End, flow terminates.
Above example is only for illustration of the utility model, rather than to limitation of the present utility model, relevant technical field
Technical staff, in the case where not departing from spirit and scope of the present utility model, various conversion or modification can also be made, because
This all equivalent technical scheme should also belong to category of the present utility model, should be limited by each claim.
Claims (8)
1. collecting fiber unit, it is characterised in that including：
Micro-control unit, for operation program instruction, control miscellaneous part work；
At least 2 road RS485 circuits, are connected with the micro-control unit, for micro-control unit to be passed respectively per road RS485 circuits
Defeated data, are converted into the RS485 signals of standard, make ammeter identification reception, while the standard RS485 signals that ammeter is returned,
It is converted into the packet that micro-control unit can be recognized；
Optical communication circuit, is connected with the micro-control unit, for setting up logical between micro-control unit and outside fiber plant
Hardware link is interrogated, allows micro-control unit mutually to be communicated with external network；
Storage chip, is connected with the micro-control unit, for storing the ammeter connected on collecting fiber unit R S485 ports
Number, device parameter and logout；
Power module, is connected with the micro-control unit, for being powered to the collecting fiber unit.
2. collecting fiber unit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described logical including RS485 per road RS485 circuits
Believe chip and isolation protective circuit.
3. collecting fiber unit according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the isolation protective circuit includes optocoupler core
Piece.
4. collecting fiber unit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the optical communication circuit includes optic communication chip
And optical module.
5. collecting fiber unit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the collecting fiber unit also includes：
Network port circuit, is connected with the micro-control unit, is communicated for being set up between micro-control unit and outside network port device
Hardware link, allows micro-control unit mutually to be communicated with external network；
Infrared receiving/transmission circuit, is connected with the micro-control unit, for the data conversion of transmitting micro-control unit into standard
Infrared signal, makes the identification reception of write by hand device, while the standard IR optical signal that write by hand device is returned, is converted into micro-control unit
The packet that can be recognized；
Indicator light circuit, is connected with the micro-control unit, the working condition for showing the collecting fiber unit in real time；
Clock chip, is connected with the micro-control unit, for timing.
6. the collecting fiber unit according to any one of claim 1-5, it is characterised in that the collecting fiber unit is also wrapped
Carrier module is included, the carrier module is connected with the micro-control unit, and the data for micro-control unit to be transmitted are converted to
The carrier signal of standard, receives wisdom electric energy terminal recognition, while the standard carrier signal that wisdom electric energy terminal is returned, turns
Change the packet that micro-control unit can be recognized into；
The power module is also connected with carrier module, for being powered to carrier module.
7. collecting fiber unit according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the power module includes EMC protection circuits.
8. collecting fiber unit according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the EMC protection circuits are included in power supply
The A phase, B phase, C phase of input circuit and each 1 inductance of connecting respectively of N phases；Between the A phases and N phases of the power supply, B phases and N phases
Between, each 1 Y capacitance in parallel respectively between C phases and N phases；1 two pole is respectively respectively connected in the A phases, B phases and C phases of the power supply
Pipe and 1 piezo-resistance.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201621466757.0U CN206370832U (en) | 2016-12-29 | 2016-12-29 | Collecting fiber unit |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201621466757.0U CN206370832U (en) | 2016-12-29 | 2016-12-29 | Collecting fiber unit |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106788737A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-31 | 四川创能海博科技有限公司 | Collecting fiber unit and ammeter data acquisition method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106788737A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-31 | 四川创能海博科技有限公司 | Collecting fiber unit and ammeter data acquisition method |
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