CN206289052U - Process the improved surface artificial wetland of agricultural surface runoff pollutant - Google Patents
Process the improved surface artificial wetland of agricultural surface runoff pollutant Download PDFInfo
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- CN206289052U CN206289052U CN201621286834.4U CN201621286834U CN206289052U CN 206289052 U CN206289052 U CN 206289052U CN 201621286834 U CN201621286834 U CN 201621286834U CN 206289052 U CN206289052 U CN 206289052U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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Abstract
The utility model is related to a kind of surface current artificial wetland, specifically discloses a kind of improved surface artificial wetland for processing agricultural surface runoff pollutant.It is heavy eventually to be provided with permeable wall between gathering ground and plant absorption area including plant absorption area and whole heavy gathering ground；The end, heavy gathering ground was provided with inlet channel, and overflow canal to be opened/closed is communicated with inlet channel.The utility model has the advantages that：1）Reduce the floor space of the improved surface artificial wetland for the treatment of agricultural surface runoff pollutant, substantially reduce dependence of the artificial swamp to landform；2）Solve the problems, such as that the pollutants removal rate caused due to the space-time inhomogeneities of rainfall is unstable；3）The alluvial of the suspended contaminants such as silt is concentrated in heavy gathering ground eventually, and without frequently carrying out desilting to whole artificial swamp, maintenance cost is substantially reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of artificial swamp, especially a kind of surface current artificial wetland.
Background technology
Currently for agricultural non -point pollution technology optimize except planting system, apply fertilizers scientifically, pesticide reduction and residual control
Outside the Sources controlling technologies such as system, the control technology after having been produced to pollutant has ecological ridge, ecological intercepting band, ecological intercepting
Ditch, front damming technology, Artificial Wetland Techniques.
Ecological ridge is that existing ridge is increased into 10~15cm, can effectively prevent from producing earth's surface footpath during 30~50mm rainfalls
Stream, or reduction is poured water to reduce top layer water depth at the Paddy fields initial stage, so as to most agricultural surface runoff can be reduced.
The both sides of ridge can serike, formed isolation strip, occur rainwash when can effectively stop nitrogen phosphorus nutrient loss and control
Remains of pesticide is migrated to water body, but to the farmland of large area, improvement project amount is big, and pollutants removal rate is low, measure validity compared with
It is low.
Ecological intercepting band is to build an ecological green belt on the periphery in nonirrigated farmland, by rainwash carry silt, nitrogen phosphorus nutrient,
Agricultural chemicals etc. is stopped by ecological green belt, and by most of silt, part soluble nitrogen phosphorus nutrient, agricultural chemicals etc. stay in ecological intercepting
In band, the nitrogen phosphorus nutrient in the plant available runoff of buffer belt plantation, so as to reduce nitrogen phosphorus of rainwash carrying etc. to water
Body is migrated.Ecological intercepting band needs base area type, the gradient, soil types to set different width, width range from 10~150m not
It is big Deng, floor space, to the local particularly disadvantageous of land resource scarcity.
Ecological intercepting ditch refers to one fixed width and depth, by water, soil and biotic component, with itself unique texture
And play the farmland shale irrigation canals and ditches ecosystem of corresponding ecological functions, also referred to as farmland ditch wetlands ecosystems.Ecological ditch
Canal can reduce soil erosion by retaining a series of effects such as silt, adsorption by soil, plant absorption, biodegradation, reduce into
Enter nitrogen, the content of phosphorus in surface water.Harvesting plant solves the problems, such as secondary pollution, and water plant is to the nitrogen in sewage, phosphorus in irrigation canals and ditches
There is good absorbability, water plant can be gathered in by peasant, solve the problems, such as secondary pollution.Build flexibly, non-power consumption,
Operating cost is cheap.But plant need to periodically gather in and reseed in irrigation canals and ditches, and irrigation canals and ditches stock size is larger, floor space is big, substantial amounts of
Plant easily causes irrigation canals and ditches silting to silt crown_interception.
Front damming technology is the holdup time by adjusting water in preposition reservoir area, makes the silt in runoff sewage and absorption
Polluter on silt is settled in front damming；Using the ecosystem in front damming, in absorption removal water body and bed mud
Pollutant.Front damming technology, because its expense is relatively low, the features such as be adapted to various conditions, is the effective measures for preventing and treating pollution of area source at present
One of, but processing system is huge, is easily limited by landform.
Artificial Wetland Techniques are the ground similar with marshland by manually building and controlling operation, and sewage, sludge are had
The dosing of control is on through the artificial wetland built, and sewage and sludge are main using soil during flowing in a certain direction
Earth, artificial dielectric, plant, the physics of microorganism, chemistry, biological triple synergies, the one kind processed sewage, sludge
Technology.Artificial swamp is an ecosystem for synthesis, and it applies intergrowth of species, material principle of recycling and regeneration in the ecosystem,
Structure and orthofunction principle, on the premise of promoting Pollutants in Wastewater matter to circulate benignly, the production for giving full play to resource is dived
Power, prevents the recontamination of environment, obtains the optimum efficiency of sewage disposal and resource.
Artificial swamp is divided into surface current artificial wetland, drowned flow artificial wet land, vertical current constructed wetland.It is dirty for agricultural area source
Especially surface current artificial wetland has that investment is less, simple to operate, operation to dye for nitrogen, the interception of phosphorus in agricultural surface runoff
The advantage such as expense is low, landscape effect is good.Although current wetland have the advantages that take up an area less, sanitary condition it is good, with surface flow be
System is compared, and undercurrent wetland processing system has investment high, to the low deficiency of removal efficiency of nitrogen, phosphorus.The capital construction of vertical-flow wetland
It is relatively costly, it is easier to grow mosquitos and flies.
But following defect is still present using surface current artificial wetland's treatment agricultural surface runoff pollutant：
1st, due to containing the pollutants (caused by Crops in Applying Fertilizer) such as substantial amounts of nitrogen, phosphorus in agricultural surface runoff, it is therefore desirable to
Huger plant purification system is purified to pollutant, and so as to cause artificial swamp area excessive, the construction of wetland is subject to
The limitation of landform, and construction cost is high.And the matter of utmost importance of surface current artificial wetland's design is exactly to build whether wetland meets ground
Whether whether shape condition and economically feasible, the content land area availability in need being related to, assess a fee what is born
Rise.Due to there is disadvantages described above, surface current artificial wetland is set to be restricted greatly for processing the scheme of agricultural surface runoff.
2nd, in purification process, the pollutant such as substantial amounts of silt enters surface current artificial wetland in agricultural surface runoff, causes
Surface current artificial wetland rapidly become silted up by product, to ensure the treatment effect of wetland, it is necessary to carry out regular desilting and plant to whole wetland
Reseed, because surface current artificial wetland's area is big, cause wetland maintenance cost high.
3rd, due to the space-time inhomogeneities of rainfall, a large amount of rainwashes in a short time can cause artificial swamp excess load to be transported
Turn.Run-off causes greatly effluent flow rate too fast simultaneously, and sewage residence time in artificial swamp is too short, produces pollutants removal rate
Unstable problem.
The content of the invention
For the improved surface artificial wetland floor space for solving treatment agricultural surface runoff pollutant in the prior art is big,
Desilting and difficult in maintenance, the unstable problem of pollutant removal, it is dirty the invention provides one kind treatment agricultural surface runoff
Contaminate the improved surface artificial wetland of thing.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is：The improved surface artificial wetland of agricultural surface runoff pollutant is processed,
Including heavy gathering ground and plant absorption area eventually, plant absorption area kind is implanted with the plant for having absorption to nitrogen, phosphorus；Whole heavy gathering ground
Permeable wall is provided between plant absorption area；Heavy gathering ground is provided with inlet channel eventually, and being also communicated with inlet channel to be opened and closed
Overflow canal, by open overflow canal can by inlet channel water import receiving water body in.
It is big to solve surface current artificial wetland's floor space, and the unstable problem for the treatment of effect, inventor's proposition：If energy
Enough that rainwash instantaneous delivery is big, acquisition time is short, and the shortcoming of the intermittent treatment of water changes into that flow is small, and water continues surely
The characteristics of determining, then can guarantee that rainwash has enough residence times in wetland, in plant is fully absorbed rainwash
Nitrogen, phosphorus composition, organic matter are effectively degraded, then the floor space of governing system can be substantially reduced.To meet above-mentioned requirements, this hair
It is bright that artificial swamp is divided into heavy gathering ground and plant absorption area eventually, and it is provided with saturating between gathering ground and plant absorption area heavy eventually
Waterwall, by the slow permeable effect of permeable wall, reaches the space-time inhomogeneities of regulating pondage, the earth's surface footpath that the short time is collected
Circulation changes the thoroughly complete water of ability for a long time into, and (such as treatment 20min collects 50m3Rainwash, is converted to 0~50m for the treatment of3/ d's
Rainwash), flow is substantially reduced, it is ensured that the water water in plant absorption area stabilization, it is uniform have enough residence times, it is wet
Ground area greatly reduces, and facility not overload operation, treatment effect is reliable and stable.
If it should be noted that the silt content or suspension content of water are higher, permeable wall hole will be easily lead to
Block, cause this programme to implement.Therefore the present invention sets the effect of heavy gathering ground eventually except the effect of collection rainwash
The outer effect for being also equipped with precipitating the suspension such as silt in water.Because permeable wall is to the interception function of water, into heavy gathering ground eventually
The flow velocity of rainwash can substantially reduce so that the suspension remained in water is easier to precipitate in heavy gathering ground eventually.In addition
The present invention can also further remove the suspensions such as silt by being equipped with pretreatment system, to reduce to heavy gathering ground eventually and thoroughly
The desilting frequency of waterwall.Pretreatment system can be provided in settling pit or ecological intercepting ditch before heavy gathering ground eventually etc. in water
The suspensions such as silt have the facility of retention or precipitation.Rainwash can subtract by entering heavy gathering ground eventually after pretreatment
The desilting load of few gathering ground heavy eventually, reduces heavy gathering ground floor space eventually.
Desilting effect and the compartmentation of permeable wall due to whole heavy gathering ground, only very small amount suspension can enter plant
Thing uptake zone, therefore cleaning heavy gathering ground and permeable wall eventually are almost only needed in desilting, greatly reduce the dimension of artificial swamp
Shield cost.
Because permeable wall is to the interception function of current, water level rising makes during prolonged heavy rain may cause heavy gathering ground eventually
Water body is obtained to overflow heavy gathering ground eventually or overflow across permeable wall.But according to the characteristics of agricultural surface runoff, the pollutant in runoff contains
Amount is concentrated in the 0~1h at rainfall initial stage, and pollutant load is very low in rainfall later stage runoff.Therefore artificial swamp only can drop in treatment
The rainwash at rain initial stage, and the rainwash in rainfall later stage can be directly discharged to river or introducing rainwater discharge pipe network etc. and be received
Water body.The present invention is set to prevent the end heavy gathering ground water body overflow caused because setting permeable wall on inlet channel accordingly
Overflow canal to be opened/closed, can be introduced directly into receiving water body, so as to ensure whole by opening overflow canal by the water in inlet channel
Efficient, the stable operation of individual artificial swamp.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the materials for wall of the permeable wall be selected from slag, zeolite, ceramics, activated carbon,
One kind or any several in lime stone, brickbat.More preferably, the wall of the permeable wall is coated with for moulding and reinforcing wall
Rigid cylinder mould.Permeable wall wall can be integrally formed and hole (such as pervious concrete) is set on wall, it would however also be possible to employ point
Scattered granular material (activated carbon, brickbat etc.) builds up.When permeable wall wall is built up using scattered granular material, can be with
Wall is coated with rigid cylinder mould, scattered granular material is carried out the purpose of moulding and reinforcing permeable wall to play, while net
Basket structure will not be impacted to the water permeability of permeable wall, and uniform fluid flow can be made to pass through permeable wall, to adjust the space-time of water
Inhomogeneities, it is ensured that the water permeability of permeable wall.The material of cylinder mould can select metal material or other rigids.Permeable wall
Materials for wall may be selected from the one kind or any several in slag, zeolite, activated carbon, brickbat.These materials be to nitrogen, phosphorus have compared with
Strong adsorption capacity, makes permeable wall be provided simultaneously with the effect of the absorption to nitrogen, phosphorus, reduces plant absorption area load, so that further
Reduce artificial swamp floor space.The material mixture ratio and permeability rate of permeable wall can carry out experiment determination according to calculating with scene.It is logical
After crossing calculating, carry out prefabricated and experiment and correct, finally determine material mixture ratio.
Permeable wall correlation computations formula is as follows：
Voidage=(apparent density of the bulk density/loose material of 1- loose materials) × 100%
Permeable flow=seepage velocity × infiltration wall area × voidage
As a further improvement on the present invention, the plant absorption area be provided with guide functions deflection plate (.More preferably
, the structure of the deflection plate is：Using one kind in slag, zeolite, ceramics, activated carbon, lime stone, brickbat or any several
As material, the material is fixed on by masonry walls or mixed mud wall outside by rigid cylinder mould, forms the deflection plate.Set
Deflection plate can avoid the current in plant absorption area from dead angle and crossfire occur.Deflection plate can use slag, zeolite, activated carbon, brickbat
Deng the material stronger to nitrogen, phosphorus adsorptivity, and set rigid cylinder mould these materials are invested build a wall outside reinforced, one can be entered
Step is strengthened to nitrogen, the absorption of phosphorus, so that reduce plant absorption area load, so as to further reduce artificial swamp floor space.
As a further improvement on the present invention, heavy gathering ground accounts for the artificial swamp gross area 10~40%, plant absorption area eventually
The artificial swamp gross area 60~90% is accounted for, more preferably, plant absorption area water level is below 2m, and heavy gathering ground water level is higher than plant eventually
Uptake zone.The area in plant absorption area is determined according to the permeable amount of permeable wall and design residence time, and permeable amount is smaller, plants
The area of thing uptake zone is smaller.Plant absorption area water level is general in below 2m, if water level is too high, the type of planting plants can be subject to
One definite limitation.
As a further improvement on the present invention, heavy gathering ground kind is implanted with floating plant eventually, so that heavy gathering ground possesses one eventually
Determine the function of the pollutants such as absorbed nitrogen, phosphorus.
As a further improvement on the present invention, swim in the plantation of plant absorption area, heavy water or emergent aquactic plant.Plant absorption area
Plant preferably carry out considering selection according to factors such as local climate, plant pollution thing absorptivity, local fertilising situations, preferably
Plantation has the swimming of stronger absorption, heavy water, emergent aquactic plant to pollutants such as nitrogen, phosphorus.
It is wet the invention also discloses a kind of improved surface turning flow artificial by treatment agricultural surface runoff pollutant of the invention
Ground is used to process the purposes of sanitary wastewater.
The present invention can be used to process sanitary wastewater, when using, sanitary wastewater is incorporated into heavy gathering ground eventually and is stored, heavy eventually
Sanitary wastewater in gathering ground slowly enters plant absorption area through permeable wall, the entrance wet land system for making water uniform, stable
Processed.Particularly suitable for processing and adjust few rural area, small towns sanitary wastewater of many nights in draining daytime.Be may be selected in this programme permeable
Concrete is used as permeable wall.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：1) the improved surface artificial wetland for the treatment of agricultural surface runoff pollutant is reduced
Floor space, substantially reduces dependence of the artificial swamp to landform；2) solve what is caused due to the space-time inhomogeneities of rainfall
The unstable problem of pollutants removal rate；3) during the alluvial of the suspended contaminant such as silt concentrates on heavy gathering ground eventually, without frequent
Desilting is carried out to whole artificial swamp, maintenance cost is substantially reduced；4) to cause that plant is reseeded more square for the diminution of artificial swamp area
Just.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the top view of the improved surface artificial wetland for the treatment of agricultural surface runoff pollutant of the invention.
Fig. 2 is that the section structure of the improved surface artificial wetland for the treatment of agricultural surface runoff pollutant of the invention is illustrated
Figure.
Fig. 3 is that the deflection plate of the improved surface artificial wetland for the treatment of agricultural surface runoff pollutant of the invention is illustrated
Figure.
Fig. 3 a are facing for the improved surface artificial wetland deflection plate for the treatment of agricultural surface runoff pollutant of the invention
Figure.
Fig. 3 b are the vertical views of the improved surface artificial wetland deflection plate for the treatment of agricultural surface runoff pollutant of the invention
Figure.
Marked in figure：The whole heavy gathering grounds of 1-, 2- plant absorptions area, 3- permeable walls, 4- inlet channels, 5- overflow canals, 6- foldings
Stream plate, 7- outlet canals, the sorbing material that 8- cylinder moulds are fixed, 9- masonry walls.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the improved surface artificial wetland for the treatment of agricultural surface runoff pollutant of the invention, including
Whole heavy gathering ground 1 and plant absorption area 2, whole heavy gathering ground 1 account for the wetland gross area 20%, and plant absorption area 2 accounts for the wetland gross area
80%；Heavy a kind of gathering ground is implanted with floating plant eventually, and 2 kinds of plant absorption area is implanted with emergent aquactic plant；Plant absorption area 2 is provided with tool
There is the deflection plate 6 of guide functions, the sorbing material 8 and masonry walls 9 that deflection plate 6 is fixed by cylinder mould are constituted, used in rigid cylinder mould
Granular active carbon is formed the outside that granular active carbon is fixed on masonry walls 9 by metal cylinder mould as sorbing material；Eventually
It is heavy that permeable wall 3 is provided between gathering ground 1 and plant absorption area 2；The main material of the wall of permeable wall 3 is granular active carbon,
Wall outer side is coated with metal cylinder mould for reinforcing permeable wall 3；Heavy gathering ground 1 is provided with inlet channel 4 eventually, connects on inlet channel 4
Overflow canal 5 to be opened/closed is connected with, the water in inlet channel 4 can be imported in receiving water body by opening overflow canal 5.
At the rainfall initial stage, by the end heavy gathering ground 1 that inlet channel 4 enters artificial swamp, collect water is agricultural surface runoff
50m3.In heavy gathering ground 1 eventually, due to the interception function of permeable wall 3, water velocity slows down, and remaining silt etc. suspends in water
Thing is effectively precipitated, and the water that the solid content of formation is very low is intercepted by permeable wall 3, and water is with 50m3The speed of/d is slow, equal
Permeable wall 3 is passed through evenly, while the nitrogen, phosphorus in water are absorbed by the permeable wall 3 of activated carbon material, in the plant of the opposite side of permeable wall 3
Slow, uniform current are formed in thing uptake zone 2, it is ensured that water there are enough residence times so as to plant in plant absorption area 2
The emergent aquactic plant planted in thing uptake zone 2 is sufficiently absorbed to pollutants such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and folding is provided with plant absorption area 2
Stream plate 6, can prevent from forming dead angle or crossfire, and deflection plate 6 equally has certain absorbability to pollutants such as nitrogen, phosphorus.Through Manual moist
Water after ground treatment enters receiving water body by modes such as outlet canal 7 or overflows.Oxidation pond etc. can also be introduced into follow-up
Receiving water body is entered back into after proceeding advanced treating in treatment facility.If long-time heavy rain, because of later stage rain water pollutant concentration
It is very low, then the overflow canal 5 on artificial swamp inlet channel 4 can be opened, later stage rainwater is directly discharged into receiving water body.
Claims (8)
1. the improved surface artificial wetland of agricultural surface runoff pollutant, including plant absorption area (2) are processed, and the plant inhales
Receive area (2) and plant the plant for being implanted with and having absorption to nitrogen, phosphorus；It is characterized in that：It is heavy gathering ground (1) eventually also to include, heavy eventually to catchment
Permeable wall (3) is provided between area (1) and plant absorption area (2)；The end sinks gathering ground (1) and is provided with inlet channel (4), is entering
Overflow canal (5) to be opened/closed is communicated with water channel (4), the importing of the water in inlet channel (4) can be received by opening overflow canal (5)
Receive in water body.
2. the improved surface artificial wetland for the treatment of agricultural surface runoff pollutant according to claim 1, its feature exists
In：The wall of the permeable wall (3) is coated with the rigid cylinder mould for moulding and reinforcing wall.
3. the improved surface artificial wetland for the treatment of agricultural surface runoff pollutant according to claim 1, its feature exists
In：The plant absorption area (2) is provided with the deflection plate (6) with guide functions.
4. the improved surface artificial wetland for the treatment of agricultural surface runoff pollutant according to claim 3, its feature exists
In：The structure of the deflection plate (6) is：The sorbing material (8) that will be fixed by cylinder mould is fixed on masonry walls or concrete walls (9)
Outside, forms the deflection plate (6).
5. the improved surface artificial wetland for the treatment of agricultural surface runoff pollutant according to claim 1, its feature exists
In：Heavy gathering ground (1) accounts for the artificial swamp gross area 10~40% eventually, plant absorption area (2) account for the artificial swamp gross area 60~
90%.
6. the improved surface artificial wetland for the treatment of agricultural surface runoff pollutant according to claim 1, its feature exists
In：Plant absorption area (2) water level is below 2m.
7. according to any claim in claim 1~6 treatment agricultural surface runoff pollutant improved surface stream
Artificial swamp, it is characterised in that：Heavy gathering ground (1) plants and is implanted with floating plant eventually.
8. according to any claim in claim 1~6 treatment agricultural surface runoff pollutant improved surface stream
Artificial swamp, it is characterised in that：Floating plant, submerged plant, the one kind in emergent aquactic plant are planted in plant absorption area (2) or appoint
Meaning is several.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201621286834.4U CN206289052U (en) | 2016-11-28 | 2016-11-28 | Process the improved surface artificial wetland of agricultural surface runoff pollutant |
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| CN201621286834.4U CN206289052U (en) | 2016-11-28 | 2016-11-28 | Process the improved surface artificial wetland of agricultural surface runoff pollutant |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106745761A (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2017-05-31 | 四川君和环保股份有限公司 | Process the improved surface artificial wetland of agricultural surface runoff pollutant |
| CN108442328A (en) * | 2018-03-06 | 2018-08-24 | 张超 | A kind of water conservancy rhone |
| CN110359366A (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2019-10-22 | 中国公路工程咨询集团有限公司 | It is a kind of using the bridge drainage structure of pervious concrete and the calculation method of pervious concrete permeability rate |
| NL2024991A (en) * | 2019-02-26 | 2020-04-29 | Univ Yunnan | Method for collecting and further reducing phosphorus by kidney-inspiration in slope catchment area of phosphorus-rich area |
-
2016
- 2016-11-28 CN CN201621286834.4U patent/CN206289052U/en active Active
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106745761A (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2017-05-31 | 四川君和环保股份有限公司 | Process the improved surface artificial wetland of agricultural surface runoff pollutant |
| CN108442328A (en) * | 2018-03-06 | 2018-08-24 | 张超 | A kind of water conservancy rhone |
| NL2024991A (en) * | 2019-02-26 | 2020-04-29 | Univ Yunnan | Method for collecting and further reducing phosphorus by kidney-inspiration in slope catchment area of phosphorus-rich area |
| CN110359366A (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2019-10-22 | 中国公路工程咨询集团有限公司 | It is a kind of using the bridge drainage structure of pervious concrete and the calculation method of pervious concrete permeability rate |
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