CN206266233U - The system that a kind of coupling prepares calcium carbide - Google Patents
The system that a kind of coupling prepares calcium carbide Download PDFInfo
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- CN206266233U CN206266233U CN201621369402.XU CN201621369402U CN206266233U CN 206266233 U CN206266233 U CN 206266233U CN 201621369402 U CN201621369402 U CN 201621369402U CN 206266233 U CN206266233 U CN 206266233U
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- coke
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- calcium carbide
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Abstract
The utility model is related to the system that coupling prepares calcium carbide.The system includes pyrolysis oven, screening plant, mixing arrangement, high temp modeling appts, furnace of calcium carbide;Wherein, the semi-coke entrance of screening plant is connected with the semi-coke outlet of pyrolysis oven, mixing arrangement includes the first mixing arrangement and the second mixing arrangement, the block semi-coke entrance of the first mixing arrangement is connected with the block semi-coke outlet of screening plant, the powdery semi-coke entrance of the second mixing arrangement is connected with the powdery semi-coke outlet of screening plant, the mixed powder entrance of high temp modeling appts is connected with the mixed powder outlet of the second mixing arrangement, the mixing block entrance of furnace of calcium carbide is connected with the mixing block outlet of the first mixing arrangement, shaping block entrance is connected with the shaping block outlet of high temp modeling appts.System of the present utility model directly using the sensible heat of high temperature semi-coke, and can prepare calcium carbide using powdery semi-coke, and efficiency of energy utilization is high.
Description
Technical field
The utility model is related to calcium carbide field of smelting, and in particular to the system that a kind of coupling prepares calcium carbide.
Background technology
The coking of coal, gasification, synthesis calcium carbide process, for organic chemical industry's industry provides abundant crude benzol, tar, coke oven
Gas, synthesis gas and acetylene, are three core pathways of Coal Chemical Industry.At present, coking of coal technological investment high cost, product purification be not
Foot, added value of product be not high.Coal Gasification Technology progress is slow, efficiency is low, small scale, industrialization level are low.And synthesize calcium carbide
Technique, route is simple, added value of product is high, good in economic efficiency, has been carried out large-scale industrial production, is that one kind compares and has hair
Open up the clean coal technology of potentiality and the approach of Coal Chemical Industry.The calcium carbide (i.e. acetylene) of preparation can be used to synthesize benzene, rubber, polychlorostyrene second
The organic products such as alkene, polyacetylene.Compared with oil ethene route, coal synthesis calcium carbide has that raw material sources are extensive, cheap, sets
The low advantage of standby investment.Also, acetylene is higher than ethylene action, more conducively the carrying out of organic synthesis.
At present, calcium carbide synthetic method is mainly electrothermal way.The method converts electrical energy into heat energy by electric arc furnaces, and heating is molten
Melt lime and carbon raw coke, combination reaction occurs and produces calcium carbide.Electrothermal way is with a long history, with high energy consumption, high pollution
Shortcoming.Calcium carbide synthetic reaction is the solid phase endothermic reaction, and raw material mass-and heat-transfer efficiency is low, the chemical dynamics process time it is long, it is necessary to
The heating of (2000~2200 DEG C) of high temperature, and high activity coke as raw material.The high temperature heating conditions need substantial amounts of energy, right
The heat resistance requirement of equipment is high, and increased cost of investment and energy consumption.Raw coke is typically obtained by the coking of coal, flow
Long, organic carbon depletion is high, power consumption is high, environmental pollution is serious.In order to improve containing for calcium carbide in lime-calcium carbide congruent melting speed and product
Amount, typically lime excess 20wt% (wt% is mass percent) is required in practical operation, and material consumption and energy consumption are larger.Accessory substance one
Carbonoxide effusion reaction system has taken away substantial amounts of heat, causes energy loss.
The electrical efficiency and the thermal efficiency for improving furnace of calcium carbide are to reduce the power consumption in calcium carbide production at present, and improve capacity usage ratio
Two big countermeasures.But, calcium carbide is generated with coke direct reaction because electrothermal way technique is based on lime, it is the solid phase endothermic reaction,
Improving electrical efficiency and the thermal efficiency anyway cannot all change the technique high energy consumption, high material-consumption, the present situation of high pollution.In order to improve
Calcium carbide production energy, the greenization and sustainable development of realizing calcium carbide production, it is necessary to reform electrothermal way synthetic route, using new
Calcium carbide synthesis technique and synthetic method.
The method of traditional production calcium carbide is:Block high-quality semi-coke and block lime stone are mixed by a certain percentage, and is sent
Enter and carry out calcium carbide smelting in furnace of calcium carbide.It is mixed pyrolysis devolatilization, the cooling of hot solid semi-coke, semi-coke and lime stone to be carried out in coal
Close during heating up, can all lose substantial amounts of sensible heat.During semi-coke is lowered the temperature, no matter using water extinguishing technique or do
Extinguishing technique, can all cause to contain substantial amounts of moisture in semi-coke.And the moisture of calcium carbide manufacturing technique requirent semi-coke is less than 1%, palpus
Drying and processing is carried out, energy is wasted.Prior art is typically difficult by powdery semi-coke, especially high temperature powdery semi-coke, causes money
Source wastes.
Utility model content
The utility model aims at the utilization of high temperature powdery semi-coke, and not carry out to high temperature semi-coke cooling treatment direct
Calcium carbide smelting is carried out, the sensible heat of high temperature semi-coke can be utilized while save energy.
The utility model provides the system that a kind of coupling prepares calcium carbide, and the system includes pyrolysis oven, screening plant, mixes
Attach together put, high temp modeling appts, furnace of calcium carbide.
The pyrolysis oven includes coal entrance, pyrolysis gas outlet, semi-coke outlet.
The screening plant includes semi-coke entrance, block semi-coke outlet, the outlet of powdery semi-coke.The semi-coke entrance with it is described
The semi-coke outlet of pyrolysis oven is connected by conveying device.
The mixing arrangement includes the first mixing arrangement and the second mixing arrangement, and first mixing arrangement includes block blue
Charcoal entrance, preheating bulk CaO entrances, mixing block outlet.The block semi-coke of the block semi-coke entrance and the screening plant
Outlet is connected by conveying device.
Second mixing arrangement includes powdery semi-coke entrance, preheating powdery CaO entrances, binding agent entrance, mixed powder
Outlet.The powdery semi-coke entrance is connected with the powdery semi-coke outlet of the screening plant by conveying device.
The high temp modeling appts include mixed powder entrance, shaping block outlet.The mixed powder entrance with it is described
The mixed powder outlet of the second mixing arrangement is connected by conveying device.
The furnace of calcium carbide includes mixing block entrance, shaping block entrance, calcium carbide outlet, high temperature calcium carbide furnace gas export.Institute
State mixing block entrance to be connected by conveying device with the mixing block outlet of first mixing arrangement, the shaping block enters
Mouth is connected with the shaping block outlet of the high temp modeling appts by conveying device.
Preferably, the screening plant, the first mixing arrangement, the second mixing arrangement, high temp modeling appts are insulation dress
Put.The conveying device is heat-insulation conveying device.
In above-mentioned system, also including block CaO preheaters and powdery CaO preheaters.
The block CaO preheaters have bulk CaO entrances, preheat bulk CaO outlets, high temperature calcium carbide furnace gas entrance, low
Warm calcium carbide furnace gas outlet, preheating bulk CaO outlets are connected with the preheating bulk CaO entrances of first mixing arrangement.
The powdery CaO preheaters have powdery CaO entrances, preheating powdery CaO outlets, high temperature calcium carbide furnace gas entrance, low
Warm calcium carbide furnace gas outlet, preheating powdery CaO outlets are connected with the preheating powdery CaO entrances of second mixing arrangement.
The high temperature calcium carbide furnace gas entrance is connected with the high temperature calcium carbide furnace gas export of the furnace of calcium carbide.
Using the sensible heat of high temperature semi-coke, it is to avoid to moisture is introduced in semi-coke in semi-coke temperature-fall period, saved the energy, and can
Generation calcium carbide is smelted to carry out calcium carbide using powdery semi-coke.System and method of the present utility model can reduce energy loss, improve
The level of resources utilization.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that coupling prepares the system schematic of calcium carbide in the utility model.
Fig. 2 is the flow chart that the utility model prepares calcium carbide using the system coupling of Fig. 1.
Reference in accompanying drawing is as follows:
1st, pyrolysis oven;
201st, bulk CaO preheaters;202nd, powdery CaO preheaters;
3rd, screening plant;
401st, the first mixing arrangement;402nd, the second mixing arrangement;
5th, high temp modeling appts;
6th, furnace of calcium carbide.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, specific embodiment of the present utility model is described in more details, with
Just scheme of the present utility model and the advantage of its various aspects be better understood when.However, specific implementations described below
Mode and embodiment are only descriptive purposes, rather than to limitation of the present utility model.
As shown in figure 1, in the utility model coupling prepare the system schematic of calcium carbide.The system includes pyrolysis oven 1, block
Shape CaO preheaters 201, powdery CaO preheaters 202, screening plant 3, the first mixing arrangement 401, the second mixing arrangement 402, height
Warm shaped device 5, furnace of calcium carbide 6.Wherein, the annexation of each device is as follows:
Pyrolysis oven 1 is used for the pyrolysis of coal, can produce semi-coke and pyrolysis gas, and it includes that coal entrance, pyrolysis gas outlet, semi-coke go out
Mouthful.
Block CaO preheaters 201 are used to preheat block CaO, and it includes that block CaO entrances, preheating bulk CaO go out
Mouth, high temperature calcium carbide furnace gas entrance, low temperature calcium carbide furnace gas export.
Powdery CaO preheaters 202 are used to preheat powdery CaO, and it includes that powdery CaO entrances, preheating powdery CaO go out
Mouth, high temperature calcium carbide furnace gas entrance, low temperature calcium carbide furnace gas export.
Screening plant 3 is used to sieve semi-coke, obtains block semi-coke and powdery semi-coke, and it includes semi-coke entrance, block
The outlet of shape semi-coke, the outlet of powdery semi-coke.Wherein, semi-coke entrance is connected with the semi-coke outlet of pyrolysis oven 1.
Mixing arrangement includes the first mixing arrangement 401 and the second mixing arrangement 402.
First mixing arrangement 401 is used for the uniform block semi-coke of mixing and preheated block CaO, and it includes that block semi-coke enters
Mouth, preheating bulk CaO entrances, mixing block outlet.Wherein, block semi-coke entrance connects with the block semi-coke outlet of screening plant 3
Connect, preheating bulk CaO entrances are connected with the preheating bulk CaO outlets of bulk CaO preheaters 201.
Second mixing arrangement 402 is used for uniform mixing powdery semi-coke and preheated powdery CaO, and it includes that powdery semi-coke enters
Mouth, preheating powdery CaO entrances, binding agent entrance, mixed powder outlet.Wherein, the powdery of powdery semi-coke entrance and screening plant 3
Semi-coke outlet connection, preheating powdery CaO entrances are connected with the preheating powdery CaO outlets of powdery CaO preheaters 202.
High temp modeling appts 5 are used to receive the mixed powder of the output of the second mixing arrangement 402, and forming processes are carried out to it,
It includes mixed powder entrance, shaping block outlet.Wherein, mixed powder entrance is connected with mixed powder outlet.
Furnace of calcium carbide 6 be used to receiving the mixing block that is conveyed by the first mixing arrangement 401 and high temp modeling appts 5 respectively and into
Type block, carries out smelting and can obtain calcium carbide, and it includes mixing block entrance, shaping block entrance, calcium carbide outlet, high temperature furnace of calcium carbide
Gas is exported.Wherein, mixing block entrance is connected with mixing block outlet, and shaping block entrance is connected with shaping block outlet, high
Warm calcium carbide furnace gas outlet is connected with the high temperature calcium carbide furnace gas entrance of bulk CaO preheaters 201 and powdery CaO preheaters 202.
In the utility model, above-mentioned screening plant 3, the first mixing arrangement 401, the second mixing arrangement 402, high-temperature molding dress
Put 5 and be attemperator, also, its internal working environment is fire-retardant environment.In said system, between each device unit
The conveying of solid material is realized by conveying device, and conveying device is all set into heat-insulation conveying device, and is ensured
Conveying device inside is fire-retardant environment.Setting the purpose of attemperator is, it is ensured that enter the mixing block and forming blocks of furnace of calcium carbide 6
The temperature of material is not less than lower 100 DEG C of the operation temperature of pyrolysis oven 1.
As shown in Fig. 2 the flow chart of calcium carbide is prepared using the system coupling shown in Fig. 1 for the utility model.Including step:
(1) pyrolysis of coal
By in coal feeding pyrolysis oven 1, pyrolytic reaction devolatilization is carried out at a temperature of 600~950 DEG C, generate pyrolysis gas
And semi-coke.
The utility model select feed coal be middle low order colm, its moisture content≤8wt%, content of ashes≤
10wt%, volatile matter content >=30wt%.The particle diameter of feed coal selects 10~100 ㎜, preferred grain in the utility model embodiment
Footpath is 10~30 ㎜.
(2) CaO is preheated
Block CaO and powdery CaO are respectively fed in block CaO preheaters 201 and powdery CaO preheaters 202, to CaO
Preheated.And during preheated block CaO sent into the first mixing arrangement 401, preheating powdery CaO send into the second mixing arrangement
In 402.
In this step, particle diameter≤100 ㎜ of the block CaO of selection, preferable particle size is≤50 ㎜ in embodiment.Powdery CaO
Particle diameter≤5 ㎜, in embodiment preferable particle size be≤3 ㎜.
(2) semi-coke screening
In the semi-coke feeding screening plant 3 that above-mentioned steps are obtained, block semi-coke, the grain of the ㎜ of particle diameter > 5 are obtained after screening
The powdery semi-coke of footpath≤5 ㎜, is respectively fed in the first mixing arrangement 401, the second mixing arrangement 402.
(3) mixed-forming
Block semi-coke and preheating bulk CaO mix in the first mixing arrangement 401, can obtain mixing block.It is mixed to second
Attach together and binding agent is added in putting 402, it mixes with powdery semi-coke, preheating powdery CaO, can obtain mixed powder, then will mixing
Powder feeding high temp modeling appts 5 prepare shaping block, to meet the feed needs of furnace of calcium carbide 6.
In this step, binding agent is dryness, powder binder, and it has the property of good bonding and solidification at high temperature
Can, the calorific intensity of article shaped block can be significantly increased.The binding agent is after carrying out extraction purification, devolatilization as raw material with coal
Organic matter, there is thermoplasticity higher within the scope of larger temperature, can sufficiently promote liquid carbonized, improve powdery semi-coke
Softening meltbility, making the anisotropy tissue of powdery semi-coke becomes flourishing, the final calorific intensity for improving shaping block.
Above-mentioned each material is to send into the first mixing arrangement 401 and the second mixing arrangement 402 by quantitative helix transporting device
In.
In the utility model embodiment, the quality of the block semi-coke and preheating bulk CaO in the first mixing arrangement 401 is added
Match is 0.6~0.7:1, add powdery semi-coke, preheating powdery CaO, the quality proportioning of binding agent in the second mixing arrangement 402
It is 0.6~0.7:1:0.01~0.03.
In this step, mixed with semi-coke again after CaO is preheated, can avoid causing the temperature of semi-coke due to temperature difference
Reduce, be follow-up calcium carbide smelting process energy saving.Also, the preheating of CaO is the height that make use of calcium carbide smelting process to generate
The sensible heat of warm calcium carbide furnace gas, realizes the recycling of resource.
(4) calcium carbide is smelted
In mixing block and shaping block feeding furnace of calcium carbide 6 that above-mentioned steps are obtained, in 1900~2200 DEG C of temperature
Under carry out smelting and prepare calcium carbide, the step can also produce high temperature calcium carbide furnace gas.During the utility model is implemented, preferably calcium carbide smelts temperature
Spend is 2050 DEG C.
Because the system shown in Fig. 1 has done isothermal holding, it is ensured that the mixing block of the step and the temperature of shaping block
Lower 100 DEG C of the operation temperature of pyrolysis oven 1 is not less than, that is, is not less than 500 DEG C.
In high temperature calcium carbide furnace gas feeding bulk CaO preheaters 201 and powdery CaO preheaters 202 that the step is obtained, with block
Shape CaO and powdery CaO carry out direct heat transfer or indirect heat exchange, make full use of the sensible heat of high temperature calcium carbide furnace gas.
Embodiment 1
It is that 8%, content of ashes is that the coal that 10%, volatile matter content is 30%, 10~100mm of particle diameter is sent into by moisture content
In pyrolysis oven, pyrolytic reaction devolatilization is carried out at a temperature of 950 DEG C, generate pyrolysis gas and semi-coke.Semi-coke feeding screening dress
Block semi-coke, the powdery semi-coke of particle diameter≤5 ㎜ of the ㎜ of particle diameter > 5 are obtained in putting, after screening, be respectively fed to the first mixing arrangement,
In second mixing arrangement.
The powdery CaO of the block CaO of particle diameter≤100 ㎜ and particle diameter≤5 ㎜ is respectively fed to block CaO preheaters and powdery
In CaO preheaters, CaO is preheated.And during preheated block CaO sent into the first mixing arrangement, preheating powdery CaO gives
In entering the second mixing arrangement.
Block semi-coke and preheating bulk CaO in mass ratio 0.7:1 mixes in the first mixing arrangement, can obtain mixed block
Material.To adding binding agent in the second mixing arrangement, itself and powdery semi-coke, preheating powdery CaO in mass ratio 0.03:0.7:1 mixing,
Mixed powder is can obtain, shaping block is prepared during mixed powder then is sent into high temp modeling appts.
By in mixing block that the temperature that above-mentioned steps are obtained is 851 DEG C and shaping block feeding furnace of calcium carbide, at 2200 DEG C
At a temperature of carry out smelting and prepare calcium carbide.Meanwhile, the high temperature calcium carbide furnace gas feeding bulk CaO preheaters and powdery CaO of generation are pre-
In hot device, CaO is preheated.
Embodiment 2
It is that 5%, content of ashes is that the coal that 6.5%, volatile matter content is 34%, 10~30mm of particle diameter is sent into by moisture content
In pyrolysis oven, pyrolytic reaction devolatilization is carried out at a temperature of 850 DEG C, generate pyrolysis gas and semi-coke.Semi-coke feeding screening dress
Block semi-coke, the powdery semi-coke of particle diameter≤5 ㎜ of the ㎜ of particle diameter > 5 are obtained in putting, after screening, be respectively fed to the first mixing arrangement,
In second mixing arrangement.
The powdery CaO of the block CaO of particle diameter≤50 ㎜ and particle diameter≤5 ㎜ is respectively fed to block CaO preheaters and powdery
In CaO preheaters, CaO is preheated.And during preheated block CaO sent into the first mixing arrangement, preheating powdery CaO gives
In entering the second mixing arrangement.
Block semi-coke and preheating bulk CaO in mass ratio 0.65:1 mixes in the first mixing arrangement, can obtain mixed block
Material.To adding binding agent in the second mixing arrangement, itself and powdery semi-coke, preheating powdery CaO in mass ratio 0.02:0.65:1 mixes
Close, can obtain mixed powder, mixed powder feeding high temp modeling appts are then prepared into shaping block.
By in mixing block that the temperature that above-mentioned steps are obtained is 750 DEG C and shaping block feeding furnace of calcium carbide, at 2050 DEG C
At a temperature of carry out smelting and prepare calcium carbide.Meanwhile, the high temperature calcium carbide furnace gas feeding bulk CaO preheaters and powdery CaO of generation are pre-
In hot device, CaO is preheated.
Embodiment 3
It is that 3%, content of ashes is that the coal that 6.2%, volatile matter content is 35%, 10~25mm of particle diameter is sent into by moisture content
In pyrolysis oven, pyrolytic reaction devolatilization is carried out at a temperature of 600 DEG C, generate pyrolysis gas and semi-coke.Semi-coke feeding screening dress
Block semi-coke, the powdery semi-coke of particle diameter≤5 ㎜ of the ㎜ of particle diameter > 5 are obtained in putting, after screening, be respectively fed to the first mixing arrangement,
In second mixing arrangement.
The powdery CaO of the block CaO of particle diameter≤40 ㎜ and particle diameter≤5 ㎜ is respectively fed to block CaO preheaters and powdery
In CaO preheaters, CaO is preheated.And during preheated block CaO sent into the first mixing arrangement, preheating powdery CaO gives
In entering the second mixing arrangement.
Block semi-coke and preheating bulk CaO in mass ratio 0.6:1 mixes in the first mixing arrangement, can obtain mixed block
Material.To adding binding agent in the second mixing arrangement, itself and powdery semi-coke, preheating powdery CaO in mass ratio 0.01:0.6:1 mixing,
Mixed powder is can obtain, mixed powder feeding high temp modeling appts are then prepared into shaping block.
By in mixing block that the temperature that above-mentioned steps are obtained is 527 DEG C and shaping block feeding furnace of calcium carbide, at 1900 DEG C
At a temperature of carry out smelting and prepare calcium carbide.Meanwhile, the high temperature calcium carbide furnace gas feeding bulk CaO preheaters and powdery CaO of generation are pre-
In hot device, CaO is preheated.
Percentage in above-described embodiment is mass percent.
Can be obtained by above-described embodiment, system of the present utility model can carry out calcium carbide smelting and prepare calcium carbide using powdery semi-coke,
And improve the level of resources utilization.
Finally it should be noted that:Obviously, above-described embodiment is only intended to clearly illustrate the utility model example,
And not to the restriction of implementation method.For those of ordinary skill in the field, may be used also on the basis of the above description
To make other changes in different forms.There is no need and unable to be exhaustive to all of implementation method.And thus
Among the obvious change or variation amplified out are still in protection domain of the present utility model.
Claims (4)
1. the system that a kind of coupling prepares calcium carbide, it is characterised in that the system include pyrolysis oven, screening plant, mixing arrangement,
High temp modeling appts, furnace of calcium carbide;
The pyrolysis oven includes coal entrance, pyrolysis gas outlet, semi-coke outlet;
The screening plant includes semi-coke entrance, block semi-coke outlet, the outlet of powdery semi-coke;The semi-coke entrance and the pyrolysis
The semi-coke outlet of stove is connected by conveying device;
The mixing arrangement includes the first mixing arrangement and the second mixing arrangement, and first mixing arrangement includes that block semi-coke enters
Mouth, preheating bulk CaO entrances, mixing block outlet;The block semi-coke entrance is exported with the block semi-coke of the screening plant
Connected by conveying device;
Second mixing arrangement includes powdery semi-coke entrance, preheating powdery CaO entrances, binding agent entrance, mixed powder outlet;
The powdery semi-coke entrance is connected with the powdery semi-coke outlet of the screening plant by conveying device;
The high temp modeling appts include mixed powder entrance, shaping block outlet;The mixed powder entrance and described second
The mixed powder outlet of mixing arrangement is connected by conveying device;
The furnace of calcium carbide includes mixing block entrance, shaping block entrance, calcium carbide outlet, high temperature calcium carbide furnace gas export;It is described mixed
The mixing block outlet for closing block entrance and first mixing arrangement be connected by conveying device, the shaping block entrance and
The shaping block outlet of the high temp modeling appts is connected by conveying device.
2. system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the screening plant, the first mixing arrangement, the second mixing dress
Put, high temp modeling appts are attemperator;The conveying device is heat-insulation conveying device.
3. system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also including block CaO preheaters, the block CaO preheatings
Utensil has block CaO entrances, preheating bulk CaO outlets, high temperature calcium carbide furnace gas entrance, low temperature calcium carbide furnace gas export, the workpiece preheating block
Shape CaO outlets are connected with the preheating bulk CaO entrances of first mixing arrangement, the high temperature calcium carbide furnace gas entrance and the electricity
The high temperature calcium carbide furnace gas export connection of stone stove.
4. system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also including powdery CaO preheaters, the powdery CaO preheatings
Utensil has powdery CaO entrances, preheating powdery CaO outlets, high temperature calcium carbide furnace gas entrance, low temperature calcium carbide furnace gas export, the preheating powder
Shape CaO outlets are connected with the preheating powdery CaO entrances of second mixing arrangement, the high temperature calcium carbide furnace gas entrance and the electricity
The high temperature calcium carbide furnace gas export connection of stone stove.
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN106430207A (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2017-02-22 | 神雾环保技术股份有限公司 | System and method for preparing calcium carbide by coupling |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN106430207A (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2017-02-22 | 神雾环保技术股份有限公司 | System and method for preparing calcium carbide by coupling |
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Granted publication date: 20170620 Termination date: 20181213 |