CN206253943U - A kind of taper hole hollow shaft clamping device for processing - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of taper hole hollow shaft clamping device for processing, one end for boring rod is provided with pinching end, and the pinching end is fixedly clamped by the main shaft self-centering chuck on machine tool chief axis, can reduce equipment volume, and the convenience of operation can be increased again；Back-up ring is also equipped with pinching end, the bonding strength of main shaft self-centering chuck and cone rod can be improved by back-up ring, it is also possible to which auxiliary component is removed from cone rod, improves operation ease, while raising operating efficiency and product quality are big；The other end for boring rod is fixed by tailstock self-centering chuck and end compression plate, can both improve operation ease, can also realize Primary Location, so that axial thrust is more prone to control, improves control accuracy with this and effectively protection part is against damages.

Description

A machining and clamping device for hollow shaft with tapered hole

technical field

The utility model relates to hollow shaft processing equipment, in particular to a clamping device on a machine tool for processing taper hole hollow shafts.

Background technique

A tapered hollow shaft is a shaft part with a tapered axial through hole inside. As shown in FIG. 1 , a tapered axial through hole 102 is formed on the axis center of the shaft body 101 . This kind of tapered hole hollow shaft parts need to process the outer circular surface, and the parts are clamped and fixed on the machine tool during processing. As shown in Figure 2, the tapered rod 201 has a taper suitable for the tapered hole hollow shaft, and the length of the tapered rod is slightly less than Hollow shaft with tapered hole, and the left end of the tapered rod is equipped with a clamp 202 against the hollow shaft with tapered hole, and the right side of the hollow shaft with tapered hole is provided with a clamping disc 301 installed on the end plate assembly of the machine tool, and the driving clamping disc direction The hydraulic jacking cylinder 401 that the taper hole hollow shaft pressurizes. When working, the taper hole hollow shaft part is set on the taper rod, and the hydraulic clamping cylinder drives the clamping disk to exert a plane clamping force on the right end surface of the part, so that the inner cone hole of the part is close to the outer cone surface of the cone rod, and at the same time The left side of the part is pressed against the fixture, and through this kind of force against each other, they become a whole that can rotate at the same time, and then the machine tool spindle drives the fixture to rotate to make the part rotate, so as to cooperate with the tool to complete the turning of the outer circular surface processing.

The above-mentioned hollow shaft with tapered hole is fixed through the direct action of clamps, tapered rods and clamping discs on the parts, while hydraulic clamping cylinders and machine tool spindles indirectly apply axial force and circumferential force through clamping discs and clamps , wherein the vertebral body and the fixture are a non-detachable integral structure, and the fixture and the machine tool spindle are fixedly connected through flange components and bolt fasteners. Therefore, when it is necessary to process tapered hole hollow shaft parts of different lengths, the fixture must be disassembled from the machine tool spindle, and then the fixture and taper rod with corresponding specifications must be replaced, and then the tapered hole hollow shaft parts are clamped. This kind of clamping method mainly has the following problems.

1. When a part needs to be processed or the previous part is processed and the next part needs to be replaced, whether it is loading or unloading of the part, it is necessary to move the tailstock of the machine tool longitudinally (in the same direction as the spindle axis) to leave a space for avoiding , and then the part is moved to the right of the cone to achieve this. This requires that the tailstock guide rail of the machine tool must have a retreat position that is more than twice that of the parts, so as to smoothly leave a space for the loading and unloading of the parts, which leads to the length and volume of the machine tool, and at the same time occupies a large area.

2. As in the previous point, if the volume of the machine tool does not increase, you can choose to disassemble the parts, fixtures, and cone rods as a whole, and then reinstall them after replacing the parts, but this requires repeated assembly and disassembly of the machine tool spindle and fixtures. However, they are connected by flanges, and it is extremely inconvenient to disassemble, which will inevitably lead to inconvenient operation, greatly increase the auxiliary time required for processing, and lead to low work efficiency.

3. The part is fixedly set on the cone rod, and the two contact through the cone surface. This connection method has a large contact area and high connection strength, which makes it difficult to remove the part from the cone rod. It is easy to damage the parts, and the operation is troublesome.

Contents of the invention

The utility model aims to provide a clamping device for a machine tool for processing a hollow shaft with a taper hole, so as to reduce the difficulty of clamping, reduce the processing time, improve the convenience of operation, and improve the positioning accuracy and processing quality at the same time.

The clamping device for processing and clamping the taper hole hollow shaft described in the utility model includes a taper rod matched with the taper hole hollow shaft parts, one end of the taper rod is equipped with a clamping end, and the machine tool is equipped with a spindle automatic shaft center that can be automatically adjusted. Centering chuck, one end of the spindle self-centering chuck is connected to the machine tool spindle and the other end clamps and fixes the clamping end. The outer circumferential surface of the clamping end is also provided with external threads, and the retaining ring is movably connected to the Surface of the clamped end.

In the clamping device for processing and clamping the tapered hole hollow shaft described in the utility model, the tapered rod has a taper suitable for the part of the tapered hole hollow shaft, which is consistent with the prior art, but the clamping end installed at one end of the tapered rod has an external thread, The retaining ring can be moved to any position of the clamping end through the thread pair. In addition, the self-centering chuck is a chuck whose jaws can move radially and concentrically to automatically center the workpiece. Its connection with the clamping end only needs to be The clamping end snaps into the jaws in the chuck. The spindle self-centering chuck is fixedly installed on the machine tool. When processing taper hole hollow shaft parts, insert the part into the taper rod, and then clamp the clamping end of the taper rod into the spindle self-centering chuck, and the spindle self-centering clamps Then, the tail plate assembly at the other end of the machine tool applies axial thrust to the part and fixes it. Finally, the retaining ring is turned to make it move toward the main shaft. One side of the self-centering chuck moves until the retaining ring is tight against the self-centering chuck toward the main shaft, thereby completing the loading of the parts; The centering chuck is released, and at the same time, the tail plate assembly stops applying axial force and loosens one end of the corresponding part, and then the main shaft self-centering chuck releases the fixing of the clamping end of the cone rod, and the cone rod can be removed as a whole And parts, and then remove the parts from the cone rod to complete the blanking work. This kind of clamping device fixes the cone rod through the self-centering chuck of the main shaft. Although the cone rod needs to be removed at the same time when cutting the material, its assembly and disassembly operation is very simple and convenient, which can effectively reduce the auxiliary time required by the processing workers and provide work efficiency; at the same time, the equipment does not need to be equipped with a space for unloading parts, which effectively reduces the volume of the equipment; moreover, there is a retaining ring on the clamping end of the cone rod, and the retaining ring and the spindle self-centering chuck when fixing the cone rod Clamping can make the retaining ring have the function of a nut, increase the connection strength between the taper rod and the self-centering chuck of the spindle, and effectively ensure the processing quality. When unloading the part, the retaining ring can be moved towards the part until it reaches the Close to the side of the part, on the one hand, it exerts an axial thrust by pressing against each other, and on the other hand, it exerts an axial rotational force through friction. Through the action of these two forces, the part is easily removed from the cone rod. It not only improves the convenience of operation, but also effectively protects the parts from damage.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic structural view of a tapered hole hollow shaft.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the processing state of the tapered hole hollow shaft.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the clamping device for machining and clamping a tapered hole hollow shaft according to the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic view of another embodiment of the tapered hole hollow shaft machining and clamping device of the present invention.

Figures 5 and 6 are partial enlarged views of the machining and clamping device for the tapered hole hollow shaft shown in Figure 4 .

detailed description

Embodiment 1, as shown in FIG. 3 .

A clamping device for processing a hollow shaft with a tapered hole, comprising a tapered rod 1 matched with a hollow shaft part 100 with a tapered hole, one end of the tapered rod is equipped with a clamping end 2, and the machine tool 200 is equipped with an automatic spindle whose axis center can be automatically adjusted. Centering chuck 3, one end of the main shaft self-centering chuck is connected to the machine tool spindle and the other end clamps and fixes the clamping end. The outer circumferential surface of the clamping end is also provided with external threads, and the retaining ring 4 is movably mounted through the thread pair. Surface attached to the clamping end.

In the clamping device for processing and clamping the tapered hole hollow shaft, the retaining ring 4 is provided with a radially internally threaded hole, and the set screw 5 is installed on the radially internally threaded hole, and the retaining ring can be fixed on the clamping end 2 of the tapered rod. any position. Through the function of the set screw, the retaining ring can be more stably and accurately positioned on the clamping end of the taper rod, thereby improving the connection strength between the taper rod and the self-centering chuck of the main shaft, thereby improving the processing quality.

Embodiment 2, as shown in Figure 4-6.

The tapered hole hollow shaft processing and clamping device in the first embodiment can reduce the volume of the equipment, increase the convenience of operation, and improve the work efficiency and product quality at the same time, but there are still the following problems: it is the same as the prior art , the clamping of the part is fixed by pushing it to the cone rod through the clamping disc on the right, so there is only axial thrust on the side of the clamping disc and no radial (vertical) supporting force, which is It is required that the clamping plate must provide an appropriate thrust. On the other hand, the thrust is generated by the hydraulic clamping cylinder. The thrust of the hydraulic cylinder has a wide range due to the size and weight of different parts, and it mainly depends on the workers. It is determined by operating experience, which leads to low precision and difficult control. If the thrust is too large, it is easy to cause deformation of the parts, or even burst damage, or make the parts and the cone rod too tight and difficult to disassemble; if the thrust is too small, Then the parts cannot be clamped safely and stably, causing the parts to slip and cannot rotate smoothly with the machine tool spindle, thereby affecting the processing quality. In view of this, we can use the following schemes to further improve the processing quality of the clamping device.

A clamping device for processing a hollow shaft with a tapered hole, comprising a tapered rod 1 matched with a hollow shaft part 100 with a tapered hole, one end of the tapered rod is equipped with a clamping end 2, and the machine tool 200 is equipped with an automatic spindle whose axis center can be automatically adjusted. Centering chuck 3, one end of the main shaft self-centering chuck is connected to the machine tool spindle and the other end clamps and fixes the clamping end. The outer circumferential surface of the clamping end is also provided with external threads, and the retaining ring 4 is movably mounted through the thread pair. It is connected to the surface of the clamping end; the end surface of the other end of the tapered rod is provided with an inwardly recessed concave platform 6, and a rotatable tailstock sleeve 8 is installed on the tailstock body 7 fixedly installed on the machine tool. The axial direction is consistent with the main shaft of the machine tool, and the end of the tailstock sleeve close to the part is equipped with a tailstock self-centering chuck 9, and the tailstock self-centering chuck is equipped with an end pressure plate 10; the end pressure plate includes Press against the round platform 11 on the end face of the part, and extend out the positioning column 12 on the circular platform, and the positioning column extends into the concave platform of the cone rod and its outer surface is against the inner wall surface of the concave platform.

This kind of tapered hole hollow shaft processing and clamping device, one end of the part is fixed by the main shaft self-centering chuck, the other end is fixed by the tailstock self-centering chuck and the end pressure plate, and the end pressure plate is provided with a protruding The positioning column in the concave platform of the end face of the part, so this structure further improves the convenience of operation through the self-centering chuck of the tailstock on the one hand, and on the other hand, improves the distance between the two through the special structure of the end pressure plate and the cone rod. The connection strength and positioning accuracy can also provide vertical support for the cone rod from the side of the tail plate, so that the initial positioning of the cone rod and parts can be provided. After the initial positioning is completed, the axial drive cylinder Provide axial thrust. At this time, the range of the axial thrust is more accurate and easier to control, so that the control accuracy can be improved and the parts can be effectively protected from damage.

In the clamping device for processing the tapered hole hollow shaft, one end of the tailstock sleeve 8 close to the part is equipped with a tailstock self-centering chuck 9, the other end is equipped with a rotary oil cylinder 13, and the tailstock body 7 is equipped with a drive direction and a machine tool. An axial drive cylinder 14 with the same axial direction of the main shaft, and a connecting plate 15 is installed between the drive shaft of the axial drive cylinder and the tailstock sleeve. Due to the working characteristics of the self-centering chuck, in order to ensure the smooth operation of the equipment and improve the accuracy and stability of the equipment, a rotary oil cylinder is installed at the other end of the tailstock sleeve, but this will occupy the hydraulic jacking cylinder in the prior art In order to solve this problem, the axial drive cylinder that also provides axial driving force is set on the tailstock body, and then the tailstock sleeve and corresponding parts are driven to move axially through the connecting plate.

In the clamping device for processing and clamping the taper hole hollow shaft, the bottom of the concave table 6 of the tapered rod 1 is provided with an inwardly recessed concave table pressing hole, and the pressing hole is provided with an internal thread; the end pressing plate 10 is provided with an axial The terminal compression hole is opposite to the concave platform compression hole, and the compression screw 16 passes through the terminal compression hole and is connected and fixed with the concave platform compression hole by a threaded pair. The disc part of the end pressure disc is pressed against the right end surface of the part by the compression screw, so that the part is preliminarily tightened on the taper rod, and then the axial thrust is provided by the axial drive cylinder to further increase the controllability of the thrust , improve control accuracy and effectively protect parts from damage; at the same time, the compression screw is manually tightened, which is extremely controllable and is also conducive to improving control accuracy.

The above-mentioned clamping device for processing the hollow shaft with a tapered hole is not only suitable for hollow shafts with a tapered hole made of ceramic materials, but also for hollow shafts with a tapered hole made of other materials, and its adaptability is extremely wide.

Claims (6)

1. A clamping device for processing a hollow shaft with a tapered hole, including a tapered rod (1) matched with the parts of the hollow shaft with a tapered hole, characterized in that: one end of the tapered rod is equipped with a clamping end (2), and the machine tool is equipped with a Spindle self-centering chuck (3) whose axis center can be adjusted automatically. One end of the spindle self-centering chuck is connected to the machine tool spindle and the other end clamps and fixes the clamping end. The outer circumferential surface of the clamping end is also provided with external threads , the retaining ring (4) is movably connected to the surface of the clamping end through a thread pair. 2. The clamping device for tapered hole hollow shaft processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: the end surface of the other end of the tapered rod is provided with an inwardly recessed concave platform (6), which is fixedly installed on the tailstock body on the machine tool (7) is equipped with a rotatable tailstock sleeve (8), the axis direction of the tailstock sleeve is consistent with the main shaft of the machine tool, and the end of the tailstock sleeve close to the part is equipped with a tailstock self-centering chuck (9), The tailstock self-centering chuck is equipped with an end pressure plate (10); the end pressure plate includes a round table (11) that is pressed against the end surface of the part, and a positioning column (12) is extended outward from the round table for positioning. The column extends into the concave platform of the cone rod and its outer surface is against the inner wall surface of the concave platform. 3. The clamping device for tapered hole hollow shaft processing according to claim 2, characterized in that: one end of the tailstock sleeve (8) close to the part is equipped with a tailstock self-centering chuck (9), and the other end is equipped with a The rotary cylinder (13), the tailstock body (7) is equipped with an axial drive cylinder (14) whose driving direction is consistent with the axial direction of the machine tool spindle, and a connecting plate is installed between the drive shaft of the axial drive cylinder and the tailstock sleeve (15). 4. The clamping device for tapered hole hollow shaft processing according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: the bottom of the concave table (6) of the tapered rod (1) is provided with an inwardly recessed concave table pressing hole, which is pressed The hole is provided with an internal thread; the end pressure plate (10) has an axial end pressure hole, the end pressure hole is opposite to the concave table pressure hole, and the pressure screw (16) passes through the end pressure hole and is connected with the The pressing hole of the concave table is fixed through the thread pair connection. 5. The clamping device for tapered hole hollow shaft processing according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: the retaining ring (4) is provided with a radial internal thread hole, and the set screw (5) is installed in the radial direction On the internal threaded hole, and the retaining ring can be fixed at any position of the clamping end of the tapered rod (2). 6. The clamping device for tapered hole hollow shaft processing according to claim 4, characterized in that: the retaining ring (4) is provided with a radially internally threaded hole, and the set screw (5) is installed on the radially internally threaded hole , and the retaining ring can be fixed at any position of the tapered rod clamping end (2).