CN206226249U - Motor - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of motor, including：Energized stator portion, energized stator portion includes the first and second energized stator portions；Excitation rotor portion, excitation rotor portion include the first and second excitation rotor portions, the first excitation rotor portion along motor radial direction and the first energized stator portion interval setting, the second excitation rotor portion along motor radial direction and the second energized stator portion interval setting；Reluctance rotor portion, reluctance rotor portion is located between the first and second energized stator portions and is located between the first and second excitation rotor portions；Switching mechanism, switching mechanism serves as rotor by the relative position of two in alternatively fixed excitation stator department, excitation rotor portion and reluctance rotor portion to choose at least one of excitation rotor portion and reluctance rotor portion；Output shaft, output shaft is driven by rotor and rotated.According to motor of the present utility model, there is no the influence of unbalanced magnetic pull, and full operating range efficiency under different running statuses can be lifted.

Description

Motor

Technical field

The utility model is related to technical field of motors, more particularly, to a kind of motor.

Background technology

With the development of science and technology, the speed-regulating function of motor has also gradually obtained more attention.Generally, due to power network or The limitation of drive system busbar voltage, motor wants to change working speed on a large scale in the case of taking into account torque characteristics, it is necessary to Carry out special control or structure design.Method the more commonly used at present is using weak magnetic control, however, this mode is to electricity The parameter of machine has certain limitation, it is impossible to take into account the high-efficiency operation of low speed high torque workspace and high speed low torque.

Utility model content

The utility model is intended at least solve one of technical problem present in prior art.Therefore, of the present utility model One purpose is to propose a kind of motor, the characteristics of the motor has high torque density, while can be by different running statuses Switching cause that motor always works in high efficient area under different loads operating mode between.

According to motor of the present utility model, including：Energized stator portion, the energized stator portion is included along the axle of the motor To spaced first energized stator portion and the second energized stator portion；Excitation rotor portion, the excitation rotor portion is included along institute The first excitation rotor portion and the second excitation rotor portion that the axially spaced-apart of motor is set are stated, the first excitation rotor portion is along described The radial direction of motor and the first energized stator portion interval setting, radial direction and institute of the second excitation rotor portion along the motor State the second energized stator portion interval setting；Reluctance rotor portion, the reluctance rotor portion is axially disposed at described along the motor Between one energized stator portion and the second energized stator portion and it is located at the first excitation rotor portion and second excitation and turns Between sub-portion；Switching mechanism, the switching mechanism is by alternatively fixing the energized stator portion, the excitation rotor portion and institute The relative position of two in reluctance rotor portion is stated to choose at least in the excitation rotor portion and the reluctance rotor portion It is individual to serve as the rotor that rotated relative to the energized stator portion；Output shaft, the output shaft is driven by the rotor and rotated.

According to motor of the present utility model, determine with the second excitation by by the first energized stator portion and the first excitation rotor portion Sub-portion and the second excitation rotor portion are respectively provided at the both sides in reluctance rotor portion, do not have the influence of unbalanced magnetic pull.And, pass through Set switching mechanism, it is possible to achieve the switching of the various states of motor, equivalent rotor number of pole-pairs of the motor under different conditions and The electric frequency difference of work significantly, under the premise of the winding for not changing motor is connected, has widened the rotary speed working scope of motor.Work as electricity When machine is operated in low speed high torque interval, using equivalent number of pole-pairs running status higher, output torque is big；When motor is operated in It is naturally full in the state of it need not carry out weak magnetic control using the less running status of equivalent number of pole-pairs when high-speed cruising is interval Sufficient high speed operation demand, and because working frequency reduction, efficiency is substantially improved.Therefore, the optimum efficiency interval of the motor can be with In the interval switching and high speed low torque interval between of low speed high torque, the and " torque-turn where being not limited solely to conventional motors High-efficiency operation near fast curve " flex point, realizes the full operating range high-efficiency operation of motor, is very suitable for load frequent The occasion of change, such as electric automobile, washing machine, wind-power electricity generation.Furthermore, the torque density of the motor is far above Conventional permanent magnet electricity Machine, on the premise of same motor volume, can export bigger torque and power.Therefore, the motor has high torque density The characteristics of, while can cause that motor always works in high efficiency under different loads operating mode by the switching of different running statuses It is interval, it is adaptable to the application scenario that load behavior often changes.

According to some embodiments of the present utility model, the first energized stator portion and the first excitation rotor portion and described Two energized stator portions and the second excitation rotor portion are on reluctance rotor portion specular.

According to some embodiments of the present utility model, the switching mechanism can be cut between the first state and a second state Change, the output shaft is fixedly connected with the reluctance rotor portion, the switching mechanism fixes described when being in the first state The relative position in energized stator portion and the excitation rotor portion, the reluctance rotor portion serves as rotor and drives the output shaft rotation Turn, the switching mechanism fixes the relative position in the excitation rotor portion and the reluctance rotor portion when being in second state Put, the reluctance rotor portion and the excitation rotor portion serve as rotor and drive the output shaft rotation.

According to some embodiments of the present utility model, the switching mechanism includes：Energized stator retainer ring, the excitation is determined Sub- retainer ring is fixed with the relative position in the energized stator portion；Excitation rotor retainer ring, the excitation rotor retainer ring and institute The relative position for stating excitation rotor portion is fixed；Reluctance rotor retainer ring, the reluctance rotor retainer ring and the reluctance rotor portion Relative position fix；Synchronizer, the switching mechanism be in the first state when, the synchronizer respectively with the excitation Stator retainer ring and the excitation rotor retainer ring coordinate, when the switching mechanism is in second state, the synchronizer Coordinate with the excitation rotor retainer ring and the reluctance rotor retainer ring respectively.

According to some embodiments of the present utility model, the energized stator retainer ring is fixed with the energized stator portion and connected Connect, the excitation rotor retainer ring is fixedly connected with the excitation rotor portion, the reluctance rotor retainer ring and the output shaft It is fixedly connected.

According to some embodiments of the present utility model, the synchronizer, the energized stator retainer ring, the excitation rotor Latch is respectively equipped with retainer ring and the reluctance rotor retainer ring, it is described when the switching mechanism is in the first state Latch on synchronizer respectively with the energized stator retainer ring on latch and the excitation rotor retainer ring on latch nibble Close, when the switching mechanism is in second state, latch on the synchronizer respectively with the excitation rotor retainer ring On latch and the reluctance rotor retainer ring on latch engagement.

According to some embodiments of the present utility model, the latch on the synchronizer is distributed in the outer peripheral face of the synchronizer On inner peripheral surface, the latch in the energized stator retainer ring is distributed on the inner peripheral surface of the energized stator retainer ring, described Latch in excitation rotor retainer ring is distributed on the inner peripheral surface of the excitation rotor retainer ring, in the reluctance rotor retainer ring Latch be distributed on the outer peripheral face of the reluctance rotor retainer ring.

According to some embodiments of the present utility model, the two ends of the output shaft respectively constitute axle stretch end, the switching machine Structure is two, and two switching mechanisms are respectively adjacent to two axle stretch ends of the output shaft and set.

According to some embodiments of the present utility model, the reluctance rotor portion encourages along the axial direction of the motor with described first Magnetic stator department, the second energized stator portion, the first excitation rotor portion and the second excitation rotor portion are oppositely arranged.

According to some embodiments of the present utility model, the first excitation rotor portion along the motor radial direction and described One energized stator portion is oppositely arranged, the second excitation rotor portion along the motor radial direction and the second energized stator portion phase To setting.

According to some embodiments of the present utility model, the central axis in the first energized stator portion, second excitation The central axis of stator department, the central axis in the first excitation rotor portion, the central axis in the second excitation rotor portion, institute The central axis of the central axis and the output shaft of stating reluctance rotor portion coincides with one another.

According to some embodiments of the present utility model, the first energized stator portion and the second energized stator portion are distinguished Including：Winding iron core；Winding, the winding technique is on the winding iron core.

According to some embodiments of the present utility model, the winding iron core includes：Substrate；Multiple tooth blocks, multiple teeth Block is located on the surface in the direction of the substrate reluctance rotor portion and along the circumferential spaced set of the motor, it is described around Group is wound on multiple tooth blocks.

According to some embodiments of the present utility model, the first excitation rotor portion and the second excitation rotor portion are distinguished Including：Permanent magnetism iron core；Multiple permanent magnets, multiple permanent magnets are located at the surface towards reluctance rotor portion of the permanent magnetism iron core Above and along the circumferential spaced set of the motor.

According to some embodiments of the present utility model, the reluctance rotor portion includes：Non-magnetic fixed plate, it is described non-magnetic Be formed with fixed plate along the motor circumferential spaced set and along the motor axially through multiple mounting holes；It is many Individual magnetic conduction magnetic resistance block, multiple magnetic conduction magnetic resistance blocks are respectively provided in multiple mounting holes.

According to some embodiments of the present utility model, the magnetic conduction magnetic resistance block is encouraged along the axial direction of the motor with described first Magnetic stator department and the first excitation rotor portion are oppositely arranged in the gap radially of the motor, and the magnetic conduction magnetic resistance block Along the motor axial direction and the second energized stator portion and the second excitation rotor portion the motor radially Gap is oppositely arranged.

According to some embodiments of the present utility model, the rotary magnetic that the energized stator portion is driven by alternating current and produced The number of pole-pairs of field is p_s, the number of pole-pairs of the excitation field that the excitation rotor portion produces is p_f, the quantity of the magnetic conduction magnetic resistance block is p_r, wherein, p_r=| p_s±p_f|。

Additional aspect of the present utility model and advantage will be set forth in part in the description, partly by from following description In become obvious, or by it is of the present utility model practice recognize.

Brief description of the drawings

Of the present utility model above-mentioned and/or additional aspect and advantage will from description of the accompanying drawings below to embodiment is combined Become substantially and be readily appreciated that, wherein：

Fig. 1 is the explosive view of the motor according to the utility model embodiment；

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the winding iron core of the motor shown in Fig. 1；

Fig. 3 is the structural representation when switching mechanism is in first state according to the motor of the utility model embodiment；

Fig. 4 is the enlarged drawing in the A portions that Fig. 3 centre circles show；

Fig. 5 is the structural representation when switching mechanism is in the second state according to the motor of the utility model embodiment；

Fig. 6 is the enlarged drawing in the B portions that Fig. 5 centre circles show.

Reference：

100：Motor；

13：First energized stator portion；14：Second energized stator portion；

11：Winding iron core；111：Substrate；112：Tooth block；12：Winding；

23：First excitation rotor portion；24：Second excitation rotor portion；

21：Permanent magnetism iron core；22：Permanent magnet；

30：Reluctance rotor portion；31：Non-magnetic fixed plate；311：Mounting hole；32：Magnetic conduction magnetic resistance block；

40：Output shaft；50：Switching mechanism；

51：Energized stator retainer ring；52：Excitation rotor retainer ring；

53：Reluctance rotor retainer ring；54：Synchronizer.

Specific embodiment

Embodiment of the present utility model is described below in detail, the example of the embodiment is shown in the drawings, wherein ad initio Same or similar element or element with same or like function are represented to same or similar label eventually.Below by ginseng The embodiment for examining Description of Drawings is exemplary, is only used for explaining the utility model, and it is not intended that to of the present utility model Limitation.

In description of the present utility model, it is to be understood that term " " center ", " longitudinal direction ", " transverse direction ", " length ", " width Degree ", " thickness ", " on ", D score, "front", "rear", "left", "right", " vertical ", " level ", " top ", " bottom ", " interior ", " outward ", The orientation or position relationship of the instruction such as " axial direction ", " radial direction ", " circumference " are, based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship, to be only Described with simplified for the ease of description the utility model, must had rather than the device or element for indicating or implying meaning specific Orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore it is not intended that to limitation of the present utility model.

Additionally, term " first ", " second " are only used for describing purpose, and it is not intended that indicating or implying relative importance Or the implicit quantity for indicating indicated technical characteristic.Thus, define " first ", the feature of " second " can express or Implicitly include one or more this feature.In description of the present utility model, unless otherwise indicated, the implication of " multiple " It is two or more.

, it is necessary to explanation, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " is pacified in description of the present utility model Dress ", " connected ", " connection " should be interpreted broadly, for example, it may be fixedly connected, or be detachably connected, or integratedly Connection；Can be joined directly together, it is also possible to be indirectly connected to by intermediary, can be two connections of element internal.For For one of ordinary skill in the art, concrete meaning of the above-mentioned term in the utility model can be understood with concrete condition.

With the development of science and technology, the speed-regulating function of motor has also gradually obtained more attention.Generally, due to power network or The limitation of drive system busbar voltage, motor wants to change working speed on a large scale in the case of taking into account torque characteristics, it is necessary to Carry out special control or structure design.The more commonly used method is that, using weak magnetic control, but this mode is to motor at present Parameter have certain limitation, it is impossible to take into account the high-efficiency operation of low speed high torque workspace and high speed low torque.

On the one hand, the pole-changing induction machine in correlation technique is operated under fixed mains frequency, by change stator around The connected mode of group, reaches the rotor number of poles change induced in rotor cage, so as to adjust motor speed.But this kind of method is not Suitable for synchronous motor, and need to change the connection of stator winding, ten under the main trend of direct current variable frequency motor development Divide and fall behind.And on the other hand, there is scholar to propose that memory electrical machine can be constituted by using low-coercivity permanent magnets such as AlNiCo, lead to Cross winding carries out on-line tuning to the magnetizing direction degree of rotor permanent magnet, to reach the purpose of synchronous motor pole-changing, but this kind The low-coercivity permanent magnet magnetic energy level that method is used is relatively low, and the overall power density for easily causing motor is same far below traditional permanent magnetism Walk the problem of motor.

Therefore, the utility model proposes a kind of motor, the characteristics of the motor has high torque density, while can be by not Between causing that motor always works in high efficient area under different loads operating mode with the switching of running status, it is adaptable to which load behavior is passed through The application scenario for often changing.

Embodiment of the present utility model is described below in detail, the example of the embodiment is shown in the drawings, wherein ad initio Same or similar element or element with same or like function are represented to same or similar label eventually.Below by ginseng The embodiment for examining Description of Drawings is exemplary, it is intended to for explaining the utility model, and it is not intended that to the utility model Limitation.

1- Fig. 6 specifically describes the motor 100 according to the utility model embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

As shown in figs 1 to 6, the motor 100 according to the utility model embodiment include energized stator portion, excitation rotor portion, Reluctance rotor portion 30, switching mechanism 50 and output shaft 40.

Specifically, energized stator portion includes the first energized stator portion 13 and the set along the axially spaced-apart of motor 100 Two energized stator portions 14, excitation rotor portion includes the first excitation rotor portion 23 and second set along the axially spaced-apart of motor 100 Excitation rotor portion 24, the first excitation rotor portion 23 along motor 100 radial direction and the interval setting of the first energized stator portion 13, second encourages Magnet rotor portion 24 along motor 100 radial direction and the interval setting of the second energized stator portion 14, reluctance rotor portion 30 along motor 100 axle To being located between the first energized stator portion 13 and the second energized stator portion 14 and being axially disposed at along motor 100 of reluctance rotor portion 30 Between first excitation rotor portion 23 and the second excitation rotor portion 24, switching mechanism 50 by alternatively fixed excitation stator department, encourage The relative position of two in magnet rotor portion and reluctance rotor portion 30 with choosing excitation rotor portion and reluctance rotor portion 30 extremely Few one is served as and can drive rotation by the rotor relative to the rotor of energized stator portion rotation, output shaft 40.

Wherein, as shown in figs 1 to 6, the first excitation rotor portion 23 is radially located at the first energized stator in motor 100 The inner side in portion 13, the second excitation rotor portion 24 is in motor 100 radially positioned at the inner side in the second energized stator portion 14.Certainly, It is understood that the first excitation rotor portion 23 radially may be located on the outer of the first energized stator portion 13 in motor 100 Side, the second excitation rotor portion 24 is in motor 100 radially positioned at the outside (not shown) in the second energized stator portion 14.

In other words, the motor 100 is main by energized stator portion, excitation rotor portion, reluctance rotor portion 30, the and of switching mechanism 50 Output shaft 40 is constituted, wherein, the first energized stator portion 13 and the second energized stator portion 14 substantially form the week along motor 100 respectively To the annular for extending, the middle part in the first energized stator portion 13 and the second energized stator portion 14 has along the axial direction of motor 100 respectively The stator installation passage of (left and right directions as shown in Figure 1) insertion, motor 100 operationally, the first energized stator portion 13 and Two energized stator portions 14 are motionless both with respect to the housing stationary of motor 100 as the stator of motor 100.

Further, the first excitation rotor portion 23 and the second excitation rotor portion 24 substantially form the week along motor 100 respectively To the annular for extending, the middle part in the first excitation rotor portion 23 and the second excitation rotor portion 24 has along the axial direction of motor 100 respectively The rotor installation passage of insertion, the first excitation rotor portion 23 is located in the stator installation passage in the first energized stator portion 13 and first The lateral wall in excitation rotor portion 23 is arranged spaced apart with the internal face in the first energized stator portion 13, and the second excitation rotor portion 24 is located at In the stator installation passage in the second energized stator portion 14 and lateral wall in the second excitation rotor portion 24 and the second energized stator portion 14 Internal face it is arranged spaced apart.

Reluctance rotor portion 30 is located between the first energized stator portion 13 and the second energized stator portion 14 and reluctance rotor portion 30 It is located between the first excitation rotor portion 23 and the second excitation rotor portion 24, energized stator portion 13 of reluctance rotor portion 30 and first and One excitation rotor portion 23 is arranged spaced apart forming air gap, and the excitation of reluctance rotor portion 30 and second in the axial direction of motor 100 The excitation rotor portion 24 of stator department 14 and second is arranged spaced apart to form air gap in the axial direction of motor 100, and output shaft 40 is passed through The rotor installation passage and output shaft 40 in the first excitation rotor portion 23 and the second excitation rotor portion 24 are fixed with reluctance rotor portion 30 It is connected, makes it as the rotor of motor 100, when motor 100 works, relative to the housing motion of motor 100.

Therefore, by by the first excitation rotor portion 23 along motor 100 radial direction and the interval setting of the first energized stator portion 13, And the second excitation rotor portion 24 can significantly be reduced into electricity along the radial direction and the interval setting of the second energized stator portion 14 of motor 100 The axial length of machine 100, and by the first energized stator portion 13 and the first excitation rotor portion 23 and the and of the second energized stator portion 14 Second excitation rotor portion 24 is arranged in the same side in reluctance rotor portion 30, makes said two devices respectively positioned at the same side of air gap And do not interfere with each other, be conducive to improving torque and the power density of motor 100.

Switching mechanism 50 is interactive between the first position and the second position, and selectively with energized stator portion, excitation turn Two in sub-portion, reluctance rotor portion 30 are connected and make two coupled part geo-stationaries, so as to choose excitation rotor portion As the rotor or stator of motor 100.

Thus, the motor 100 according to the utility model embodiment, turns by by the first energized stator portion 13 and the first excitation The energized stator portion 14 of sub-portion 23 and second and the second excitation rotor portion 24 are respectively provided at the both sides in reluctance rotor portion 30, without injustice The influence of weighing apparatus magnetic pull.And, by setting switching mechanism 50, it is possible to achieve the switching of the various states of motor 100, motor The 100 equivalent rotor number of pole-pairs under different conditions and the electric frequency difference of work significantly, connect in the winding 12 for not changing motor 100 Under the premise of connecing, the rotary speed working scope of motor 100 is widened.

When motor 100 is operated in low speed high torque interval, using equivalent number of pole-pairs running status higher, output torque Greatly；When motor 100 is operated in high-speed cruising interval, using the less running status of equivalent number of pole-pairs, weak magnetic need not carried out Naturally high speed operation demand is met in the state of control, and because working frequency reduction, efficiency is substantially improved.Therefore, the motor 100 optimum efficiency interval in the interval switching and high speed low torque interval between of low speed high torque, and can be not limited solely to The high-efficiency operation near " torque-speed curve " flex point where conventional motors, realizes that the full operating range of motor 100 is efficient Rate is run, and is very suitable for the occasion of load frequent change, such as electric automobile, washing machine, wind-power electricity generation.

Furthermore, the torque density of the motor 100 is far above Conventional permanent magnet motor 100, in the premise of the volume of same motor 100 Under, bigger torque and power can be exported.Therefore, the characteristics of motor 100 has high torque density, while can be by not Between causing that motor 100 always works in high efficient area under different loads operating mode with the switching of running status, it is adaptable to load work The application scenario that condition often changes.

Wherein, as shown in Figure 3-Figure 5, the first energized stator portion 13 and the first excitation rotor portion 23 and the second energized stator portion 1414 and second excitation rotor portion 24 be symmetrically distributed on reluctance rotor portion specular, energized stator portion and excitation rotor portion In the both sides in reluctance rotor portion, the influence without unbalanced magnetic pull is may further ensure that.

Switching mechanism 50 is changeable between the first state and a second state, and output shaft 40 is fixed with reluctance rotor portion 30 and connected Connect, there is no relative motion between output shaft 40 and reluctance rotor portion 30 now, fixed when switching mechanism 50 is in first state and encouraged Magnetic stator department and the relative position in excitation rotor portion, reluctance rotor portion 30 serve as rotor and drive output shaft 40 to rotate.

Specifically, as shown in figures 1 and 3, when switching mechanism 50 is located at first position, i.e., in first state, now Switching mechanism 50 respectively with the first energized stator portion 13 in energized stator portion and the second energized stator portion 14 and excitation rotor portion First excitation rotor portion 23 is connected with the second excitation rotor portion 24, is relatively fixed the position of the two, i.e., in this case, motor During 100 work, the first energized stator portion 13 and the second energized stator portion 14 in energized stator portion encourage with the first of excitation rotor portion Excitation rotor portion 24 of magnet rotor portion 23 and second as motor 100 two stators, and reluctance rotor portion 30 is used as motor 100 Pacify through the first excitation rotor portion 23 in excitation rotor portion and the rotor in the second excitation rotor portion 24 at rotor, the two ends of output shaft 40 Fill passage and be spaced apart with the first excitation rotor portion 23 and the second excitation rotor portion 24 in excitation rotor portion, the middle part of output shaft 40 It is fixedly connected with output torque with reluctance rotor portion 30.

Switching mechanism 50 can be electromagnetic type or mechanical, its role is to switch motor rotary part composition form in Between three kinds of running statuses, and then change excitation rotor portion, being in the running of motor 100 for reluctance rotor portion 30 can revolve Turn the state of state or fixation.Specifically, under the first running status, energized stator portion and excitation rotor portion maintain static, Serve as stator, reluctance rotor portion 30 is rotary part and is connected with output shaft 40, serves as rotor, motor under the first running status 100 equivalent rotor number of poles is p_r, the work electricity frequency of motor 100 is ω_np_r, the ω_nIt is the mechanical separator speed of machine shaft. Under second running status, energized stator portion maintains static, and serves as stator, and excitation rotor portion is connected with reluctance rotor portion 30 as turning Dynamic component, together rotates with rotating shaft, serves as rotor, and the equivalent rotor number of poles of motor is p under the second running status_s, motor 100 The electric frequency of work is ω_np_s.Under 3rd running status, energized stator portion and reluctance rotor portion 30 maintain static, and serve as stator, encourage Magnet rotor portion is rotary part and to be connected with output shaft 40, and the equivalent rotor number of poles for serving as motor under the running status of rotor the 3rd is p_f, the work electricity frequency of motor 100 is ω_np_f.Equivalent rotor number of pole-pairs between three of the above running status, and identical rotating shaft Work electricity frequency ratio under rotating speed is p_s:p_r:p_f。

When machine shaft rotating speed, i.e., when output mechanical separator speed is identical, equivalent turn between the above three kinds of running status Sub- number of pole-pairs and the electric frequency ratio of work are p_s:p_r:p_f, and then can realize becoming by the different running statuses of switch motor 100 Run pole.

When actually implementing, motor 100 can be comprising any two kinds in the above three kinds of running status or whole Three kinds.

Therefore, by setting switching mechanism 50, it is possible to achieve the switching of the various states of motor 100, motor 100 is in difference The electric frequency difference of equivalent rotor number of pole-pairs and work under state is notable, under the premise of 12 connections for not changing the winding of motor 100, The rotary speed working scope of motor 100 is widened.

Further, the relative position in fixed excitation rotor portions and reluctance rotor portion 30 when switching mechanism 50 is in the second state Put, reluctance rotor portion 30 and excitation rotor portion serve as rotor and drive output shaft 40 to rotate.

Reference picture 1 and Fig. 5, when switching mechanism 50 is located at the second place, i.e., in the second state, now switching mechanism 50 It is connected with the first excitation rotor portion 23 and the second excitation rotor portion 24 in excitation rotor portion and reluctance rotor portion 30 respectively, makes two The position of person is relatively fixed, i.e., in this case, motor 100 is when working, the first energized stator portion 13 in energized stator portion and the Two energized stator portions 14 as motor 100 stator, and the first excitation rotor portion 23 in excitation rotor portion and the second excitation rotor Portion 24 and reluctance rotor portion 30 as motor 100 two rotors, the two ends of output shaft 40 are encouraged through the first of excitation rotor portion The rotor installation passage in excitation rotor portion 24 of magnet rotor portion 23 and second and the first excitation rotor portion 23 with excitation rotor portion and Second excitation rotor portion 24 is connected, and the middle part of output shaft 40 is fixedly connected with output torque with reluctance rotor portion 30.Thus, pass through Switching mechanism 50 is set, it is possible to achieve the switching of the various states of motor 100, equivalent rotor of the motor 100 under two states Number of pole-pairs and the electric frequency difference of work significantly, under the premise of the winding 12 for not changing motor 100 is connected, have widened motor 100 Rotary speed working scope.

In some specific embodiments of the present utility model, as shown in figs 1 to 6, switching mechanism 50 is solid including energized stator Determine ring 51, excitation rotor retainer ring 52, reluctance rotor retainer ring 53 and synchronizer 54.Specifically, energized stator retainer ring 51 Relative position with energized stator portion is fixed, and excitation rotor retainer ring 52 is fixed with the relative position in excitation rotor portion, and magnetic resistance turns Sub- retainer ring 53 is fixed with the relative position in reluctance rotor portion 30, and when switching mechanism 50 is in first state, synchronizer 54 is distinguished Coordinate with energized stator retainer ring 51 and excitation rotor retainer ring 52, when switching mechanism 50 is in the second state, 54 points of synchronizer Do not coordinate with excitation rotor retainer ring 52 and reluctance rotor retainer ring 53.

That is, energized stator retainer ring 51 is fixedly linked with energized stator portion, motor 100 operationally, due to encouraging Magnetic stator department as motor 100 stator, motionless relative to the housing stationary of motor 100, therefore energized stator retainer ring 51 Housing stationary relative to motor 100 is motionless.Excitation rotor retainer ring 52 is fixedly linked with excitation rotor with excitation rotor portion Move together in portion.

Further, reluctance rotor retainer ring 53 is fixedly linked with reluctance rotor portion 30, motor 100 operationally, due to Rotor of the reluctance rotor portion 30 as motor 100, the housing motion relative to motor 100, thus reluctance rotor retainer ring 53 with Reluctance rotor portion 30 to move together.Synchronizer 54 is by alternatively fixed excitation stator retainer ring 51, excitation rotor retainer ring 52nd, the relative position of two in reluctance rotor retainer ring 53 is choosing at least in excitation rotor portion and reluctance rotor portion 30 It is individual to serve as and rotation be driven by the rotor relative to the rotor of energized stator portion rotation, output shaft 40.

Thus, by setting energized stator retainer ring 51 in energized stator portion, excitation rotor is set in excitation rotor portion Retainer ring 52, sets reluctance rotor retainer ring 53, in order to coordinate with synchronizer 54, so as to realize electricity in reluctance rotor portion 30 Two kinds of switchings of working condition of machine 100, synchronizer 54, can be solid with fixed excitation stator used as the movable part in switching mechanism 50 The relative position of two in ring 51, excitation rotor retainer ring 52, reluctance rotor retainer ring 53 is determined, so as to ensure state switching Continuity and reliability.

Alternatively, energized stator retainer ring 51 is fixedly connected with energized stator portion, and excitation rotor retainer ring 52 turns with excitation Sub-portion is fixedly connected, and reluctance rotor retainer ring 53 is fixedly connected with output shaft 40.Now energized stator retainer ring 51 is determined with excitation There is no relative motion between sub-portion, there is no relative motion between excitation rotor retainer ring 52 and excitation rotor portion, reluctance rotor is solid Determine there is no relative motion between ring 53 and output shaft 40.For example, between energized stator retainer ring 51 and energized stator portion, excitation turn Gear drive can respectively be passed through between sub- retainer ring 52 and excitation rotor portion, between reluctance rotor retainer ring 53 and output shaft 40 Structure, chain drive structure or V belt translation structure etc. realize being relatively fixed for position, so that beneficial to realizing the two of switching mechanism 50 The switching of the state of kind, and then realize two kinds of switchings of working condition of motor 100.

Preferably, in synchronizer 54, energized stator retainer ring 51, excitation rotor retainer ring 52 and reluctance rotor retainer ring 53 Be respectively equipped with latch, when switching mechanism 50 is in first state, latch on synchronizer 54 respectively with energized stator retainer ring 51 On latch and excitation rotor retainer ring 52 on latch engagement, switching mechanism 50 be in the second state when, on synchronizer 54 Latch is engaged with the latch on latch and reluctance rotor retainer ring 53 in excitation rotor retainer ring 52 respectively.

Specifically, as shown in figure 1, one end of energized stator retainer ring 51 is fixedly connected with energized stator portion, energized stator The other end of retainer ring 51 is provided with latch, excitation rotor retainer ring 52 be installed in excitation rotor portion and excitation rotor portion end The latch on latch, and energized stator retainer ring 51 and the latch in excitation rotor retainer ring 52 also are provided with motor 100 It is axially aligned, output shaft 40 is fixedly linked with reluctance rotor portion 30, the lateral wall of output shaft 40 is provided with reluctance rotor retainer ring 53, and the side towards excitation rotor retainer ring 52 of reluctance rotor retainer ring 53 also is provided with latch, synchronizer 54 is located at excitation Between rotor retaining ring 52 and reluctance rotor retainer ring 53, and synchronizer 54 towards excitation rotor retainer ring 52 and reluctance rotor Retainer ring 53 be respectively provided on two sides with the latch in energized stator retainer ring 51, the latch in excitation rotor retainer ring 52 and The latch that latch in reluctance rotor retainer ring 53 coordinates.

Also, the latch in the latch in energized stator retainer ring 51 and excitation rotor retainer ring 52 is in the axle of motor 100 It is concordant upwards, latch in latch in excitation rotor retainer ring 52 and reluctance rotor retainer ring 53 motor 100 radially, Just to arrangement, the latch in latch in energized stator retainer ring 51 and reluctance rotor retainer ring 53 in motor 100 radially It is staggeredly arranged.

As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, in this case, the latch on synchronizer 54 respectively with energized stator retainer ring 51 on Latch engagement on latch and excitation rotor retainer ring 52, makes the position of energized stator retainer ring 51 and excitation rotor retainer ring 52 It is relatively fixed, even if energized stator portion, the position in excitation rotor portion are relatively fixed, now energized stator portion, excitation rotor portion are equal Used as the stator of motor 100, and reluctance rotor portion 30 is used as the rotor of motor 100.

As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, in this case, the latch on synchronizer 54 respectively with excitation rotor retainer ring 52 on Latch engagement on latch and reluctance rotor retainer ring 53, makes the position of excitation rotor retainer ring 52 and reluctance rotor retainer ring 53 It is relatively fixed, even if output shaft 40, reluctance rotor portion 30, the position in excitation rotor portion are relatively fixed, now energized stator portion is equal As the stator of motor 100, and reluctance rotor portion 30, excitation rotor portion as motor 100 rotor.

When motor 100 is operated in low speed high torque interval, using equivalent number of pole-pairs running status higher, output torque Greatly；When motor 100 is operated in high-speed cruising interval, using the less running status of equivalent number of pole-pairs, weak magnetic need not carried out Naturally high speed operation demand is met in the state of control, and because working frequency reduction, efficiency is substantially improved.Therefore, the motor 100 optimum efficiency interval in the interval switching and high speed low torque interval between of low speed high torque, and can be not limited solely to The high-efficiency operation near " torque-speed curve " flex point where conventional motors, realizes that the full operating range of motor 100 is efficient Rate is run, and is very suitable for the occasion of load frequent change, such as electric automobile, washing machine, wind-power electricity generation.

Advantageously, the latch on synchronizer 54 is distributed on the outer peripheral face and inner peripheral surface of synchronizer 54, and energized stator is fixed Latch on ring 51 is distributed on the inner peripheral surface of energized stator retainer ring 51, and the latch in excitation rotor retainer ring 52 is distributed in encourages On the inner peripheral surface of magnet rotor retainer ring 52, the latch in reluctance rotor retainer ring 53 is distributed in the periphery of reluctance rotor retainer ring 53 On face.

In other words, 53 points of synchronizer 54, energized stator retainer ring 51, excitation rotor retainer ring 52 and reluctance rotor retainer ring The loop configuration of the circumferentially extending along motor 100 is not formed, and four loop configuration are coaxially arranged, wherein, reluctance rotor is fixed It is enclosed within the output shaft 40 of motor 100 and is fixedly linked with output shaft 40 outside ring 53, the lateral wall of reluctance rotor retainer ring 53 sets Have along its multiple latch circumferentially, be enclosed within reluctance rotor retainer ring 53 outside excitation rotor retainer ring 52 and excitation rotor is solid The madial wall for determining ring 52 is arranged spaced apart with the lateral wall of reluctance rotor retainer ring 53.

Synchronizer 54 is set on the output shaft 40 of motor 100 and is fixed positioned at excitation rotor retainer ring 52 and reluctance rotor Between ring 53, the lateral wall of wherein synchronizer 54 is provided with along it circumferentially and coordinates with the latch of excitation rotor retainer ring 52 Multiple latches, the madial wall of synchronizer 54 is provided with circumferentially and many with what the latch in reluctance rotor retainer ring 53 coordinated along it Individual latch；The madial wall of energized stator retainer ring 51 is provided with along its multiple latch circumferentially and positioned at excitation rotor retainer ring 52 side (right side as shown in Figure 3).

Specifically, as shown in figures 1 and 3, when switching mechanism 50 is located at first position, i.e., in first state, now Switching mechanism 50 is connected with energized stator portion with excitation rotor portion respectively, is relatively fixed the position of the two, i.e., in this case, When motor 100 works, energized stator portion and excitation rotor portion as motor 100 two stators, and the conduct of reluctance rotor portion 30 The rotor of motor 100, the two ends of output shaft 40 pass through the first excitation rotor portion 23 and the second excitation rotor portion in excitation rotor portion 24 rotor installation passage and it is spaced apart with excitation rotor portion, the middle part of output shaft 40 is fixedly connected with defeated with reluctance rotor portion 30 Go out torque.Thus, by setting switching mechanism 50, it is possible to achieve the switching of the various states of motor 100, motor 100 is in difference The electric frequency difference of equivalent rotor number of pole-pairs and work under state is notable, under the premise of the winding 12 for not changing motor 100 is connected, The rotary speed working scope of motor 100 has been widened in fact.

When motor 100 is operated in low speed high torque interval, using equivalent number of pole-pairs running status higher, output torque Greatly；When motor 100 is operated in high-speed cruising interval, using the less running status of equivalent number of pole-pairs, weak magnetic need not carried out Naturally high speed operation demand is met in the state of control, and because working frequency reduction, efficiency is substantially improved.Therefore, the motor 100 optimum efficiency interval in the interval switching and high speed low torque interval between of low speed high torque, and can be not limited solely to The high-efficiency operation near " torque-speed curve " flex point where conventional motors, realizes that the full operating range of motor 100 is efficient Rate is run, and is very suitable for the occasion of load frequent change, such as electric automobile, washing machine, wind-power electricity generation.

Wherein, the two ends of output shaft 40 respectively constitute axle stretch end, and switching mechanism 50 is two, and two 50 points of switching mechanisms Two axle stretch ends not adjacent to output shaft 40 are set.So facilitate the reluctance rotor retainer ring 53 and output shaft 40 of switching mechanism 50 It is fixedly connected, so as to realize being fixedly connected for reluctance rotor retainer ring 53 and reluctance rotor portion 30, and then realizes switching mechanism 50 The mesh that the position in the first excitation rotor portion 23 and the second excitation rotor portion 24 in reluctance rotor portion 30 and excitation rotor portion is fixed , motor 100 is switched between two working conditions, it is easy to operate.

Alternatively, reluctance rotor portion 30 along motor 100 axial direction and the first energized stator portion 13, the second energized stator portion 14th, the first excitation rotor portion 23 and the second excitation rotor portion 24 are oppositely arranged.As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 5, the first energized stator portion 13 With the side (for example, the right side in Fig. 3 and Fig. 5) that the first excitation rotor portion 23 is located at reluctance rotor portion 30, the second energized stator Excitation rotor portion 24 of portion 14 and second is located at the opposite side (for example, the left side in Fig. 3 and Fig. 5) in reluctance rotor portion 30, and magnetic resistance The energized stator portion 13 of rotor portions 30 and first and the first excitation rotor portion 23, the second energized stator portion 14 and the second excitation rotor portion 24 in the lateral direction just to arrangement.Thus, by reluctance rotor portion 30 in the axial direction of motor 100 and the first energized stator Portion 13, the second energized stator portion 14, the first excitation rotor portion 23 and the second excitation rotor portion 24 are positioned opposite, make motor 100 Structure is compacter, lifts torque density.

First excitation rotor portion 23 is oppositely arranged along the radial direction of motor 100 with the first energized stator portion 13, and the second excitation turns Sub-portion 24 is oppositely arranged along the radial direction of motor 100 with the second energized stator portion 14.Reference picture 3 and Fig. 5, the first energized stator portion 13 Be set in the outside in the first excitation rotor portion 23, and the first energized stator portion 13 positioned at its axial center cross-sectional and first Excitation rotor portion 23 overlaps positioned at its axial center cross-sectional, and similarly, the second energized stator portion 14 is set in second and encourages The outside in magnet rotor portion 24, and the second energized stator portion 14 positioned at its axial center cross-sectional and the second excitation rotor portion 24 Overlapped positioned at its axial center cross-sectional.

Thus, by reluctance rotor portion 30 along motor 100 axial direction and the first energized stator portion 13, the second energized stator portion 14th, the first excitation rotor portion 23 and the second excitation rotor portion 24 are oppositely arranged, and are conducive to reducing the axial length of motor 100, and Therebetween air gap makes between the first energized stator portion 13 and the first excitation rotor portion 23, the second energized stator portion 14 and second It is non-interference between excitation rotor portion 24, be conducive to improving torque and the power density of motor 100, so that lifting motor 100 Performance.

Preferably, the central axis in the first energized stator portion 13, the central axis in the second energized stator portion 14, the first excitation The central axis of rotor portions 23, the central axis in the second excitation rotor portion 24, the central axis and output shaft in reluctance rotor portion 30 40 central axis coincides with one another.In other words, the first energized stator portion 13 and the second energized stator portion 14 can respectively form edge The axially extending loop configuration of motor 100, the first excitation rotor portion 23 and the second excitation rotor portion 24 can respectively form edge The axially extending loop configuration of motor 100, reluctance rotor portion 30 is formed along the axially extending loop configuration of motor 100, its In, be enclosed within outside the first energized stator portion 13 first excitation rotor portion 23 outside and the central axis in the first energized stator portion 13 with The central axes in the first excitation rotor portion 23, be enclosed within outside the second energized stator portion 14 second excitation rotor portion 24 outside and The central axis in the second energized stator portion 14 and the central axes in the second excitation rotor portion 24, reluctance rotor portion 30 are located at Between one energized stator portion 13 and the second energized stator portion 14, and with the first energized stator portion 13 and the edge of the second energized stator portion 14 The axial direction (left and right directions as shown in Figure 3) of motor 100 is arranged spaced apart, the first energized stator portion 13 and the second energized stator portion 14 central axis and the central axes in reluctance rotor portion 30.This kind of simple structure of the motor of form 100, compact, profit Torque is produced with magnetoresistance, the characteristics of with high torque density.

Wherein, according to one embodiment of the present utility model, 14 points of the first energized stator portion 13 and the second energized stator portion Not Bao Kuo winding iron core 11 and winding 12, winding 12 is wound on winding iron core 11.Compared with the motor in correlation technique, structure It is simpler, compact.

Alternatively, winding iron core 11 includes substrate 111 and multiple tooth blocks 112, and multiple tooth blocks 112 are located at the court of substrate 111 To on the surface in reluctance rotor portion 30 and along the circumferential spaced set of motor 100, winding 12 is wound on multiple tooth blocks 112.

Referring to Figures 1 and 2, winding iron core 11 is main is made up of substrate 111 and multiple tooth blocks 112, wherein, winding iron core 11 Substrate 111 form annular plate, such as annular plate, the middle part of substrate 111 is formed along the stator of its thickness direction insertion Installation passage, multiple tooth blocks 112 open arrangement along the circumferentially-spaced of substrate 111, and are located at same side surface (such as Fig. 1 of substrate 111 Shown left-hand face) on, limit teeth groove, i.e. teeth groove in the circumference of multiple tooth blocks 112, between two neighboring tooth block 112 Quantity it is equal with the quantity of tooth block 112, the coil of the winding 12 in the first energized stator portion 13 and the second energized stator portion 14 point It is not wound on corresponding multiple tooth blocks 112, so as to form the first energized stator portion 13 and the second energized stator portion 14.The winding The simple structure of iron core 11, processing, it is easy to manufacture, and winding 12 in coiling more facilitate, easily realize, be conducive to improve electricity The production efficiency of machine 100.

Preferably, multiple tooth blocks 112 are evenly distributed on substrate 111 along the circumference of motor 100.In other words, multiple tooth blocks 112 is uniform, arranged spaced apart along the circumference of motor 100, center line the radially extending along motor 100 of each tooth block 112, and tooth The center line of block 112 is the axis of symmetry, and the central angle of the center line of two neighboring tooth block 112 is equal, i.e., two neighboring teeth groove The central angle of center line is equal.

Thus, because tooth block 112 is used as the supporting construction of the coil of winding 12, by multiple tooth blocks 112 along motor 100 week To being evenly arranged on substrate 111, processing, easy to manufacture, the coil for being advantageously implemented winding 12 is evenly arranged, so that encouraging The magnetic field that magnetic stator department is produced is more uniform, the performance of lifting motor 100.

Advantageously, multiple tooth blocks 112 and substrate 111 are integrally formed, and it is simple, convenient that integrally formed structure is not only molded, Make structure compacter, stable, and unnecessary connector can be saved, reduce number of components, so that production cost is reduced, then Person, also advantageously improves the production efficiency of motor 100.

Wherein, according to one embodiment of the present utility model, 24 points of the first excitation rotor portion 23 and the second excitation rotor portion Not Bao Kuo permanent magnetism iron core 21 and multiple permanent magnets 22, multiple permanent magnets 22 be located at permanent magnetism iron core 21 towards reluctance rotor portion 30 On surface and along the circumferential spaced set of motor 100.

That is, the first excitation rotor portion 23 and the second excitation rotor portion 24 are main by permanent magnetism iron core 21 and multiple respectively Permanent magnet 22 is constituted, and permanent magnetism iron core 21 forms the annular plate along the circumferentially extending of motor 100, and the middle part of permanent magnetism iron core 21 has Along the axially extending rotor installation passage of motor 100, output shaft 40 through rotor installation passage and reluctance rotor portion 30 or Excitation rotor portion is fixedly connected with output torque, and multiple permanent magnets 22 open arrangement along the circumferentially-spaced of permanent magnetism iron core 21, and are located at On the same side surface of permanent magnetism iron core 21.The simple structure in the excitation rotor portion, permanent magnetism iron core 21 and multiple permanent magnets 22 are assembled Conveniently, the first excitation rotor portion 23 and the first energized stator portion 13 are arranged in the same side in reluctance rotor portion 30, are located at the two The same side of air gap and do not interfere with each other, and the second excitation rotor portion 24 and the second energized stator portion 14 are arranged in reluctance rotor portion 30 the same side, makes the two be located at the same side of air gap and not interfere with each other, and is conducive to improving the torque of motor 100 and power close Degree.

Preferably, multiple permanent magnets 22 are evenly distributed on permanent magnetism iron core 21 along the circumference of motor 100.In other words, it is multiple Permanent magnet 22 is uniform, arranged spaced apart along the circumference of motor 100, and the center line of each permanent magnet 22 prolongs along the radial direction of motor 100 Stretch, and the center line of permanent magnet 22 is the axis of symmetry, the central angle of the center line of two adjacent permanent magnets 22 is equal, it is ensured that Excitation rotor portion produces uniform magnetic field, so that the performance of lifting motor 100.

Further, reluctance rotor portion 30 includes non-magnetic fixed plate 31 and multiple magnetic conduction magnetic resistance blocks 32, non-magnetic fixation Be formed with plate 31 along motor 100 circumferential spaced set and along motor 100 axially through multiple mounting holes 311, it is many Individual magnetic conduction magnetic resistance block 32 is respectively provided in multiple mounting holes 311.

Specifically, as shown in figure 1, reluctance rotor portion 30 is mainly by non-magnetic fixed plate 31 and multiple 32 groups of magnetic conduction magnetic resistance blocks Into non-magnetic fixed plate 31 is formed along the plate for radially extending of motor 100, such as circular plate, multiple magnetic conduction magnetic resistance blocks 32 Circumferentially-spaced along non-magnetic fixed plate 31 opens arrangement, each radially extending along motor 100 of magnetic conduction magnetic resistance block 32, and the magnetic resistance turns It is the simple structure of sub-portion 30, compact, torque is produced using magnetoresistance, the characteristics of with high torque density, so that lifting motor 100 performance.

Alternatively, multiple magnetic conduction magnetic resistance blocks 32 are evenly distributed in non-magnetic fixed plate 31 along the circumference of motor 100.Also It is to say, multiple magnetic conduction magnetic resistance blocks 32 are uniform, arranged spaced apart along the circumference of motor 100, the center line of each magnetic conduction magnetic resistance block 32 Along radially extending for motor 100, and the center line of each magnetic conduction magnetic resistance block 32 is the axis of symmetry, two neighboring magnetic conduction magnetic resistance block 32 Center line central angle it is equal, be conducive to producing uniform magnetic field, so as to improve the performance of motor 100, lifting motor 100 Quality.

Advantageously, according to one embodiment of the present utility model, magnetic conduction magnetic resistance block 32 is encouraged along the axial direction of motor 100 with first The excitation rotor portion 23 of magnetic stator department 13 and first is oppositely arranged in the gap radially of motor 100, and the edge of magnetic conduction magnetic resistance block 32 The axial direction of motor 100 is relative in the gap radially of motor 100 with the second energized stator portion 14 and the second excitation rotor portion 24 Set.

Reference picture 3 and Fig. 5, motor 100 are main by energized stator portion, excitation rotor portion, reluctance rotor portion 30 and output shaft 40 compositions, wherein, the first energized stator portion 13 and the second energized stator portion 14 include winding iron core 11 and winding 12, winding respectively Iron core 11 includes substrate 111, multiple tooth blocks 112, and substrate 111 is formed along the annular plate for radially extending of motor 100, Duo Gechi Block 112 is located on the surface towards reluctance rotor portion 30 of substrate 111 and along the circumferentially-spaced arrangement of motor 100, winding 12 around System is on multiple tooth blocks 112；First excitation rotor portion 23 and the second excitation rotor portion 24 include permanent magnetism iron core 21 and multiple respectively Permanent magnet 22, permanent magnetism iron core 21 is formed along the loop configuration for radially extending of motor 100, and permanent magnetism iron core 21 is located at winding iron core The inner side of 11 substrate 111, multiple permanent magnets 22 are located on the surface towards reluctance rotor portion 30 of permanent magnetism iron core 21 and along electricity Machine 100 is provided at circumferentially spaced.

Further, reluctance rotor portion 30 includes non-magnetic fixed plate 31 and multiple magnetic conduction magnetic resistance blocks 32, non-magnetic fixation Plate 31 is formed along the circular plate for radially extending of motor 100, is formed with non-magnetic fixed plate 31 and is passed through along the axial direction of motor 100 Logical multiple mounting holes 311, multiple mounting holes 311 along motor 100 circumferentially-spaced arrangement, multiple magnetic conduction magnetic resistance blocks 32 pacify respectively In multiple mounting holes 311, the both side surface of multiple magnetic conduction magnetic resistance blocks 32 respectively with the first energized stator portion 13, the first excitation The energized stator portion 14 of rotor portions 23 and second, the second excitation rotor portion 24 are spaced apart and just to arrangement.

Thus, by reluctance rotor portion 30 along motor 100 axial direction and the first energized stator portion 13 and the first excitation rotor portion 23 and second energized stator portion 14 and the second excitation rotor portion 24 be oppositely arranged respectively, there is no the influence of unbalanced magnetic pull, Be conducive to reducing the axial length of motor 100, and air gap therebetween makes between energized stator portion and excitation rotor portion mutually not Interference, is conducive to improving torque and the power density of motor 100, so that the performance of lifting motor 100.

Additionally, according to one embodiment of the present utility model, the rotation that energized stator portion is driven by alternating current and produced The number of pole-pairs in magnetic field is p_s, the number of pole-pairs of the excitation field that excitation rotor portion produces is p_f, the quantity of magnetic conduction magnetic resistance block 32 is p_r, Wherein, p_r=| p_s±p_f|。

For example, the number of tooth block 112 is 12 in the present embodiment, winding 12 is three-phase symmetric winding, when injection three-phase symmetrical It is p that rotating excitation field number of pole-pairs is produced during electric current_s=4.First excitation rotor portion 23 and the second excitation rotor portion 24 are respectively by permanent magnetism Iron core 21 and permanent magnet 22 are constituted, and permanent magnetism iron core 21 is made up of high-permeability material, and permanent magnet 22 uses axial charging, circumferentially It is uniformly mounted on the permanent magnetism iron core 21 in excitation rotor portion, and alternating polarity is arranged, axial homonymy is in winding 12, is produced Number of pole-pairs p_f=6 permanent magnetic field, the first excitation rotor portion 23 and the coaxial line of the first energized stator portion 13, and in motor 100 Radially, in inner side, both keep close axial location, and the second excitation rotor portion 24 is same with the second energized stator portion 14 Reason, will not be repeated here.The magnetic conduction magnetic resistance block 32 and non-magnet material that reluctance rotor portion 30 is made up of high-permeability material are constituted Non-magnetic fixed plate 31 constitute, multiple magnetic conduction magnetic resistance blocks 32 are circumferentially uniformly arranged in non-magnetic fixed plate 31, and are encouraged The fixed air gap of magnetic stator department and excitation rotor portion interval is relative, and the quantity of magnetic conduction magnetic resistance block 32 is p_r=10, meet preferred public Formula, reluctance rotor portion 30 is joined directly together with output shaft 40 and connects.

Need exist for the winding iron core 11, first of explanation, the first energized stator portion 13 and the second energized stator portion 14 The permanent magnetism iron core 21 in excitation rotor portion 24 of excitation rotor portion 23 and second, height used by the magnetic conduction magnetic resistance block 32 in reluctance rotor portion 30 are led Magnetic material can be constituted by including but not limited to high permeability materials such as silicon steel sheet, cobalt steels piece, permalloy, SMC, non-magnetic fixed plate Between 31 two neighboring mounting hole 311 be magnetic resistance spacer block, non-magnet material used by magnetic resistance spacer block can by comprising but do not limit Constituted in air, plastics, high molecular polymer, non-magnetic metal etc., magnetic resistance spacer block and the alternate intervals cloth of magnetic conduction magnetic resistance block 32 Put；The permanent magnet 22 in the above first excitation rotor portion 23 and the second excitation rotor portion 24 can be by including but not limited to neodymium iron The permanent-magnet materials such as boron, ferrite, aluminium nickel cobalt, SmCo are constituted；First energized stator portion 13 and the winding in the second energized stator portion 14 12 can be single-phase or polyphase windings, can be fractional-slot or integer groove winding；First excitation rotor portion 23 and the second excitation turn It can be built-in or surface-mount type that the permanent magnet 22 of sub-portion 24 lays form, can be made up of single or multiple lift permanent magnet 22, permanent magnetism The magnetizing direction of body 22 can be parallel, radial direction, inverse radial direction etc.；Switching mechanism 50 can be electromagnetic type or mechanical.

The motor 100 possesses high torque density feature, and rotor number of poles and running frequency can controlled conversions, and motor 100 Winding 12 fully combines the high-efficiency operation of pole-changing motor 100 during number of poles changes without any change, the motor 100 Interval is the characteristics of adjust on a large scale, is the characteristics of possess high torque (HT), high power density, it is adaptable to from household electrical appliance, electric automobile, Wind-power electricity generation etc. is extensively using occasion.

The motor 100 according to the utility model embodiment is described in detail with reference to specific embodiment.

As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3, the motor 100 of the utility model embodiment is made up of three major parts, i.e. excitation Stator department, excitation rotor portion, reluctance rotor portion 30, the first energized stator portion 13 and the second energized stator portion 14 in energized stator portion The winding iron core 11 being made up of high permeability material respectively and coiling winding 12 thereon are constituted, and winding iron core 11 is by high magnetic permeability Substrate 111 and equally distributed tooth block 112 is constituted thereon that material is constituted, the number of tooth block 112 is 12, winding in the present embodiment 12 is three-phase symmetric winding, and it is p that rotating excitation field number of pole-pairs is produced when three-phase symmetrical electric current is injected_s=4.The of excitation rotor portion One excitation rotor portion 23 and the second excitation rotor portion 24 are made up of permanent magnetism iron core 21 and permanent magnet 22 respectively, and permanent magnetism iron core 21 is by height Magnetoconductivity material is constituted, and permanent magnet 22 uses axial charging, is circumferentially uniformly mounted to the permanent magnetism iron core 21 in excitation rotor portion On, and alternating polarity arrangement, axial homonymy is in winding 12, produce number of pole-pairs p_f=6 permanent magnetic field, the first excitation rotor The coaxial line of 23 and first energized stator portion of portion 13, and in radially inner side, both keep close axial location, the second excitation turns The coaxial line of 24 and second energized stator portion of sub-portion 14, and in radially inner side, both keep close axial location.Reluctance rotor The magnetic conduction magnetic resistance block 32 that portion 30 is made up of high-permeability material and the non-magnetic fixed plate 31 that non-magnet material is constituted are constituted, multiple Magnetic conduction magnetic resistance block 32 is circumferentially uniformly mounted in non-magnetic fixed plate 31, is turned with the first energized stator portion 13 and the first excitation The air gap that sub-portion 23 is spaced fixation is relative, and the air gap of fixation is spaced with the second excitation rotor portion 24 and the second energized stator portion 14 Relatively, the quantity of magnetic conduction magnetic resistance block 32 is p_r=10, meet preferred formula, reluctance rotor portion 30 is joined directly together with output shaft 40 Connect.

In the present embodiment, switching mechanism 50 is two, and two switching mechanisms 50 are respectively positioned at two of output shaft 40 Shaft extension side, each switching mechanism 50 includes reluctance rotor retainer ring 53, synchronizer 54, energized stator retainer ring 51, excitation rotor Retainer ring 52.Reluctance rotor retainer ring 53 has the gear ring of latch for radial outside, is joined directly together with output shaft 40 and connect, synchronizer 54 There is the gear ring of latch for radially inner side and outside, energized stator retainer ring 51 and excitation rotor retainer ring 52 have for radially inner side The gear ring of latch, and be separately fixed on winding iron core 11 and permanent magnetism iron core 21.

Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 is schematic diagram of the motor 100 of the present embodiment under the first running status, and synchronizer 54 moves to figure Show position, engagement energized stator retainer ring 51 and excitation rotor retainer ring 52, in this case, excitation rotor portion and energized stator Portion fixes and does not rotate, and reluctance rotor portion 30 drives output shaft 40 to rotate, and the equivalent operation number of pole-pairs of motor 100 is p_r=10, electricity The running frequency at 600 rpm of machine 100 is 100Hz.

Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 is schematic diagram of the motor 100 of the present embodiment under the second running status, and synchronizer 54 moves to figure Show position, engagement reluctance rotor retainer ring 53 and excitation rotor retainer ring 52, in this case, energized stator portion fixes and do not revolve Turn, the relative holding in excitation rotor portion and reluctance rotor portion 30 is fixed, synchronous to drive output shaft 40 to rotate, the equivalent fortune of motor 100 Row number of pole-pairs is p_s=4, the running frequency at 600 rpm of motor 100 is only 40Hz.And the motor 100 of the present embodiment is First, under the second running status equivalent number of pole-pairs and the ratio of running frequency is 5:2.

Therefore, the motor 100 possesses high torque density feature, and rotor number of poles and running frequency can controlled conversions, and motor 100 winding 12 fully combines the high efficiency of pole-changing motor during number of poles changes without any change, the motor 100 The characteristics of traffic coverage is adjusted on a large scale, be the characteristics of possess high torque (HT), high power density, it is adaptable to from household electrical appliance, electronic Automobile, wind-power electricity generation etc. are extensively using occasion.

Motor 100 according to the utility model embodiment, three kinds of equivalent rotor numbers of pole-pairs of running status and work electricity frequency Rate significant difference, realizes the pole-changing operation not changed under the premise of machine winding connection, has widened the rotary speed working model of motor 100 Enclose.When motor 100 is operated in low speed high torque interval, using equivalent number of pole-pairs running status higher, output torque is big, when When motor 100 is operated in high-speed cruising interval, using the less running status of equivalent number of pole-pairs, weak magnetic control need not carried out Naturally high speed operation demand is met under state, and because working frequency reduction, efficiency is substantially improved.

And, based on the operation of above-mentioned pole-changing, the optimum efficiency interval of motor 100 can be in low speed high torque interval and high speed Low torque switches between interval, and efficient near torque-speed curve flex point where being not limited solely to traditional motor Rate is run, and realizes the full operating range high-efficiency operation of motor 100, is very suitable for the occasion of load frequent change, such as electronic Automobile, washing machine, wind-power electricity generation etc..

Further, since the torque density of motor of the present utility model 100 is far above traditional magneto, and then can be Bigger torque and power is exported on the premise of same motor volume.

Other compositions of motor 100 according to the utility model embodiment and operation are for those of ordinary skill in the art For be all known, be not detailed herein.

In the description of this specification, reference term " one embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " illustrative examples ", The description of " example ", " specific example " or " some examples " etc. means to combine specific features, the knot that the embodiment or example are described Structure, material or feature are contained at least one embodiment of the present utility model or example.In this manual, to above-mentioned art The schematic representation of language is not necessarily referring to identical embodiment or example.And, the specific features of description, structure, material or Person's feature can in an appropriate manner be combined in one or more any embodiments or example.

While there has been shown and described that embodiment of the present utility model, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that： In the case where principle of the present utility model and objective is not departed from various changes, modification, replacement can be carried out to these embodiments And modification, scope of the present utility model limits by claim and its equivalent.

Claims (17)

1. a kind of motor, it is characterised in that including：

Energized stator portion, the energized stator portion includes the first energized stator portion and the set along the axially spaced-apart of the motor Two energized stator portions；

Excitation rotor portion, the excitation rotor portion includes the first excitation rotor portion and the set along the axially spaced-apart of the motor Two excitation rotor portions, the first excitation rotor portion along the motor radial direction and the first energized stator portion interval setting, The second excitation rotor portion along the motor radial direction and the second energized stator portion interval setting；

Reluctance rotor portion, the reluctance rotor portion is axially disposed at the first energized stator portion and described second along the motor Between energized stator portion and it is located between the first excitation rotor portion and the second excitation rotor portion；

Switching mechanism, the switching mechanism is by alternatively fixing the energized stator portion, the excitation rotor portion and the magnetic The relative position for hindering two in rotor portions is filled with choosing at least one of the excitation rotor portion and the reluctance rotor portion When the rotor that can be rotated relative to the energized stator portion；

Output shaft, the output shaft is driven by the rotor and rotated.

2. motor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the first energized stator portion and the first excitation rotor portion with The second energized stator portion and the second excitation rotor portion are on reluctance rotor portion specular.

3. motor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the switching mechanism is between the first state and a second state Changeable, the output shaft is fixedly connected with the reluctance rotor portion,

The switching mechanism fixes the relative position in the energized stator portion and the excitation rotor portion when being in the first state Put, the reluctance rotor portion serves as rotor and drives the output shaft rotation,

The switching mechanism fixes the relative position in the excitation rotor portion and the reluctance rotor portion when being in second state Put, the reluctance rotor portion and the excitation rotor portion serve as rotor and drive the output shaft rotation.

4. motor according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the switching mechanism includes：

Energized stator retainer ring, the energized stator retainer ring is fixed with the relative position in the energized stator portion；

Excitation rotor retainer ring, the excitation rotor retainer ring is fixed with the relative position in the excitation rotor portion；

Reluctance rotor retainer ring, the reluctance rotor retainer ring is fixed with the relative position in the reluctance rotor portion；

Synchronizer, the switching mechanism be in the first state when, the synchronizer respectively with the energized stator retainer ring Coordinate with the excitation rotor retainer ring,

The switching mechanism be in second state when, the synchronizer respectively with the excitation rotor retainer ring and the magnetic Resistance rotor retaining ring coordinates.

5. motor according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the energized stator retainer ring is solid with the energized stator portion Fixed connection, the excitation rotor retainer ring is fixedly connected with the excitation rotor portion, and the reluctance rotor retainer ring is defeated with described Shaft is fixedly connected.

6. motor according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the synchronizer, the energized stator retainer ring, described encourage Latch is respectively equipped with magnet rotor retainer ring and the reluctance rotor retainer ring,

When the switching mechanism is in the first state, latch on the synchronizer respectively with the energized stator retainer ring On latch and the excitation rotor retainer ring on latch engagement,

When the switching mechanism is in second state, latch on the synchronizer respectively with the excitation rotor retainer ring On latch and the reluctance rotor retainer ring on latch engagement.

7. motor according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the latch on the synchronizer is distributed in the synchronizer On outer peripheral face and inner peripheral surface, the latch in the energized stator retainer ring is distributed in the inner peripheral surface of the energized stator retainer ring On, the latch in the excitation rotor retainer ring is distributed on the inner peripheral surface of the excitation rotor retainer ring, the reluctance rotor Latch in retainer ring is distributed on the outer peripheral face of the reluctance rotor retainer ring.

8. motor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the two ends of the output shaft respectively constitute axle stretch end, described Switching mechanism is two, and two switching mechanisms are respectively adjacent to two axle stretch ends of the output shaft and set.

9. motor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the reluctance rotor portion along the motor axial direction with it is described First energized stator portion, the second energized stator portion, the first excitation rotor portion and the second excitation rotor portion are relative Set.

10. motor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the first excitation rotor portion along the motor radial direction Be oppositely arranged with the first energized stator portion, the second excitation rotor portion along the motor radial direction and second excitation Stator department is oppositely arranged.

11. motors according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the central axis in the first energized stator portion, described The central axis in two energized stator portions, the central axis in the first excitation rotor portion, the center in the second excitation rotor portion The central axis of axis, the central axis in the reluctance rotor portion and the output shaft coincides with one another.

12. motor according to any one of claim 1-11, it is characterised in that the first energized stator portion and described Second energized stator portion includes respectively：

Winding iron core；

Winding, the winding technique is on the winding iron core.

13. motors according to claim 12, it is characterised in that the winding iron core includes：

Substrate；

Multiple tooth blocks, multiple tooth blocks are located on the surface in the direction of the substrate reluctance rotor portion and along the motor Circumferential spaced set, the winding technique is on multiple tooth blocks.

14. motor according to any one of claim 1-11, it is characterised in that the first excitation rotor portion and described Second excitation rotor portion includes respectively：

Permanent magnetism iron core；

Multiple permanent magnets, multiple permanent magnets are located on the surface towards reluctance rotor portion of the permanent magnetism iron core and along described The circumferential spaced set of motor.

15. motor according to any one of claim 1-11, it is characterised in that the reluctance rotor portion includes：

Non-magnetic fixed plate, is formed with circumferential spaced set along the motor and along the electricity in the non-magnetic fixed plate Machine axially through multiple mounting holes；

Multiple magnetic conduction magnetic resistance blocks, multiple magnetic conduction magnetic resistance blocks are respectively provided in multiple mounting holes.

16. motors according to claim 15, it is characterised in that axial direction and institute of the magnetic conduction magnetic resistance block along the motor State the first energized stator portion and the first excitation rotor portion to be oppositely arranged in the gap radially of the motor, and described lead Magnetic magnetic resistance block is along the axial direction of the motor with the second energized stator portion and the second excitation rotor portion in the motor Gap radially is oppositely arranged.

17. motors according to claim 15, it is characterised in that the energized stator portion is driven and produced by alternating current Rotating excitation field number of pole-pairs be p_s, the number of pole-pairs of the excitation field that the excitation rotor portion produces is p_f, the magnetic conduction magnetic resistance block Quantity be p_r, wherein, p_r=| p_s±p_f|。