CN206200032U - Hot-forming reactor end socket - Google Patents
Hot-forming reactor end socket Download PDFInfo
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- CN206200032U CN206200032U CN201620636079.1U CN201620636079U CN206200032U CN 206200032 U CN206200032 U CN 206200032U CN 201620636079 U CN201620636079 U CN 201620636079U CN 206200032 U CN206200032 U CN 206200032U
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Abstract
A kind of hot-forming reactor end socket of the present utility model, in the easy weakened region laying of punching press of blank or coating high temperature resistant heat insulation shielding layer before heating.Compared with traditional technology,（1）The wall thickness at each position of end socket finished product is uniform equal everywhere or produces required wall thickness variation, under the effect of same internal pressure, the wall thickness at whole each position of end socket is corresponding to its stress level, the stress ratio and security intensity at each position of end socket are basically identical, the strength difference with cylinder can be reduced, stress raisers are reduced；（2）Eliminate the area of changeover portion local reduction of the end socket that traditional forming process is caused, and blank overall on the basis of base thickness need not substantially increase thickness, reduce the production costs such as seal head material, shaping, transport, also improve blank quality, improve the force-bearing situation of end socket, extend the service life of end socket.
Description
Technical field
The utility model is related to in petroleum refining and chemical industry, Coal Chemical Industry, chemical fertilizer industry and other various chemical equipments
Various large-scale high-grade reactor technology field, and in particular to a kind of hot-forming reactor end socket.
Background technology
The basic structure of chemical reactor is as shown in figure 1, including cylinder 1, being arranged at the under shed 5 of cylinder 1, set
The inner supporting structure 7 that is placed in the inwall of cylinder 1, the upper cover 2 and low head 3 at the two ends for being arranged at cylinder 1, and it is arranged at envelope
The various upper sheds 4 of head, are arranged at the lower support structure 6 of cylinder 1 or end socket outer wall, and cylinder 1 is made up of steel plate or forging,
Also include pressure vessel inside surfacing applied corrosion resistant lining.
Because reactor is usually operated at high temperature under high pressure, cylinder can become with the end enclosure structure of its end because of stress
Shape is uneven, and additional stress can be formed in connection contact, and wherein pressure vessel head can be near the connection contact with cylinder
Stress mutation is produced, compression is changed into from the tension cliff of displacement formula in end socket area, the pressure in container is higher, and the mutation is got over
Great disparity, makes the region end socket wall there is the danger of buckling deformation.Therefore, the check that the wall thickness of end socket should meet in design is substantially strong
Degree is required.
On the other hand, wall thickness reduction can be generally produced by traditional hot press-formed end socket by steel plate, ellipse head
Reducing thickness is big compared with the Reducing thickness of dome head.As shown in Fig. 2 including straight section 9 and minor radiusrChangeover portion 10.It is wherein maximum
Thinning area is located at the region of changeover portion 10 that straight section 9 gets off, the region stress mutation exactly noted earlier of the changeover portion 10
Area, it is general thinning up to 8% to 13%.Therefore, traditional pressure vessel head intensity is not phase at different positions under internal pressure effect
Deng, the Seal Head Strength in stress mutation area is minimum.
It is the basic end socket wall thickness required for ensureing design ＆ check in manufacture that traditional solution ist, purchase blank steel
Will consider to increase the thickness of blank during plate, and to make up Reducing thickness during shaping, specifically thicken size and carried by each end socket manufacturer
Go out, typically determined according to possible Reducing thickness, the thickness of blank steel plate is typically chosen 1.08tTo 1.13t.Over more than 100 years,
The technique does not change.
But new problem caused using the method, blank steel plate is thickened, and material cost increased 8% to 13%, and
And weight increases so that the increase of steel plate transport weight and end socket hauled weight.The quality of steel plate is more difficult to guarantee, and after influenceing
Continuous end socket quality.Additionally, thick steel products also increase heating energy consumption, end socket mouthpiece welding job amount and end socket and cylinder weldering
Workload is connect, the wasting of resources and environmental pollution are caused indirectly.
As environmental consciousness strengthens, industrial and civilian oil quality more and more higher, oil hydrogenation technology is to high parameter technique
Development, coal gasification and natural gas from coal technology in Coal Chemical Industry also have started to engineer applied, and large-scale high-grade thick-wall reactor should
With more and more, above-mentioned contradiction is more and more sharp.Therefore, the new seal head forming technology of development and application, is applied to various stones
Oiling work or Coal Chemical Industry reactor, all have important engineering significance to safety in production, economic benefit and social benefit.
Utility model content
There is above-mentioned technical problem for prior art, the utility model offer is a kind of can to reduce rushing for reactor end socket
Press the hot-forming reactor end socket of the thinning degree of easy weakened region.
To achieve the above object, the utility model provides following technical scheme：
A kind of hot-forming end enclosure method is provided, is comprised the following steps：The easy weakened region of punching press of blank is estimated, in heating
Period reduces the heat absorption of the easy weakened region of punching press, so that the intensity of the easy weakened region of punching press is high compared with the intensity in other regions.
Wherein, before punching press, the thickness of the easy weakened region of punching press of the blank is increased.
Wherein：Punching press easy weakened region laying in the blank or coating high temperature resistant heat insulation shielding layer before heating, with
The heat absorption of the easy weakened region of punching press is reduced during heating.
Wherein, estimate easy the to be thinning degree of easy weakened region, and high temperature resistant heat insulation shielding layer thickness and blank everywhere
Easy thinning degree is corresponding.
Wherein, thermometric is carried out by thermocouple shaded areas respectively to blank and non-obstructing region in heating stepses.
Wherein, the temperature described in heating stepses in heating furnace at the uniform velocity rises.
Wherein, in punching press, it is described to reduce that the contact position of the stamping machine is provided with high-temperature resistant coating in the blank
The heat of blank is transmitted toward the stamping machine.
Shaping reactor Seal head blank, is implemented on above-mentioned hot-forming reactor end enclosure method, including blank body and
Lay or be coated on the high temperature resistant heat insulation shielding layer of the easy weakened region of punching press of the blank.
Hot-forming Refurbishment of Heating Furnace for Drum Head, for implementing above-mentioned hot-forming reactor end enclosure method, including closed stove
Thorax and the table and pad that are arranged at the burner hearth, the pad are located at the top of the table and for being carried out to the blank
Support, also including the easy weakened region laying of punching press to the blank or the applying mechanism of coating high temperature resistant heat insulation shielding layer.
Hot-forming reactor end socket, the end socket is the above-mentioned hot-forming end enclosure method of implementation and/or uses above-mentioned
Hot-forming Refurbishment of Heating Furnace for Drum Head manufacture, under the effect of same pressure, the stress level of the end socket is equal everywhere.
Wherein, the end socket includes ellipsoidal head and dome head.
Wherein, the ellipsoidal head includes forming the sphere bottom stage at the top of the straight section of end socket port, formation end socket
With the changeover portion for connecting the straight section and the bottom stage, the thickness of the straight section, changeover portion and top section is equal.
Wherein, the end socket includes basic thickness area and local thickened areas.
Wherein, the end socket includes that lamina end socket is constituted with being laminated by the multilayer steel plates that thickness is equal or thickness is not waited
Multi-layer sheet end socket.
Wherein, the end socket includes various bores and various wall thickness specifications, i.e., including thick wall head, middle thick end socket and thin-walled
End socket.
Wherein, the end socket includes forging stock machining forming head, steel plate integrally compressing end socket and steel plate point valve pressure
Group is welded into the end socket of shape again after system, or forging and steel plate combination end socket.
Wherein, the end socket includes integrated head and local end socket.
Wherein, the end socket includes complete end socket and is provided with the end socket of mouthpiece.
Wherein, the end socket includes end socket basic unit and is arranged at the overcoat of the inwall of the basic unit.
The beneficial effects of the utility model：
The utility model provides a kind of hot-forming reactor end socket.Compared with traditional technology,（1）The method and use
The hot-forming end socket that the heating furnace is produced, the wall thickness at each position of end socket finished product is uniform equal everywhere or produces required wall
Thick difference, under the effect of same internal pressure, the wall thickness at whole each position of end socket is corresponding to its stress level, the stress at each position of end socket
It is more basically identical than with security intensity, the strength difference with cylinder can be reduced, reduce stress raisers；（2）Eliminate tradition into
The area of changeover portion local reduction of the end socket that type process is caused, and blank need not the overall substantially increasing on the basis of base thickness
Add thickness, reduce the production costs such as seal head material, shaping, transport, also improve blank quality, improve the stress shape of end socket
Condition, extends the service life of end socket.
Brief description of the drawings
Using accompanying drawing, the utility model is described in further detail, but embodiment in accompanying drawing is not constituted to of the present utility model
Any limitation, for one of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, can also be according to following attached
Figure obtains other accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the basic structure schematic diagram of prior art chemical reactor.
Fig. 2 is the first structural representation of the hot-forming end socket of the application.
Fig. 3 is second structural representation of the hot-forming end socket of the application.
Fig. 4 is the first structural representation of the hot-forming Refurbishment of Heating Furnace for Drum Head of the application.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the blank of the hot-forming end socket of the application.
Fig. 6 is the third structural representation of the hot-forming end socket of the application.
Fig. 7 is the 4th kind of structural representation of the hot-forming end socket of the application.
Fig. 8 is the 5th kind of structural representation of the hot-forming end socket of the application.
Fig. 9 is the 6th kind of structural representation of the hot-forming end socket of the application.
The reference that Fig. 1 to Fig. 9 is included：
Cylinder 1, upper cover 2, low head 3, upper shed 4, under shed 5, lower support structure 6, inner supporting structure 7,
Ellipse head port 8, ellipse head straight section 9, ellipse head transition region 10, ellipse head sphere bottom stage 11,
Dome head transition region 12, dome head bottom 13, spheric end mouthful transition region 14；
Fusing head connection tube 15, end socket lining 16；
Furnace roof 21, furnace wall 22, table 23, steel plate blank 24, pad 25, upper shielding layer 26, lower shielding layer 27, roller 28,
Shielded area measurement and control of temperature thermocouple 29, non-obstructing area measurement and control of temperature thermocouple 30；
Blank upper surface thickened area 31, blank lower surface thickened area 32,
End socket bore Φ, end socket wall thicknesst, the thickness at end socket minor radius changeover portion partial thickeningt 1, end socket changeover portion circle
Arc radiusr, head skirt is highlyh, end socket Varying-thickness changeover portion is highlyH, end socket spherical radiusR。
Specific embodiment
The utility model is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiment and accompanying drawing.
Embodiment 1
A kind of hot-forming Refurbishment of Heating Furnace for Drum Head of the present embodiment, as shown in figure 4, the furnace roof 21 including surrounding closed burner hearth
With furnace wall 22, the table being arranged in burner hearth 23 and pad 25, pad is located at the top of table and for entering to steel plate blank 24
Row support, is additionally included in the easy weakened region of punching press of steel plate blank 24（During steel plate blank punching press, it is undesirable to which be stamped thinning office
Portion position）If the applying mechanism of upper high temperature resistant heat insulation shielding layer, high temperature resistant heat insulation shielding layer includes upper shielding layer 26 and lower masking
Layer 27.The measurement and control of temperature thermoelectricity of observing and controlling is also carried out including shaded areas respectively to steel plate blank 24 and the temperature in non-obstructing region
Even 29,30.The lower section of table 23 is provided with roller 28, during operation, first table 23 is pulled out from burner hearth, according to steel plate blank 24
Size and weight lay appropriate pad 25, are then placed in pad 25 steel plate blank 24 is safe, then install masking
Area measurement and control of temperature thermocouple 29, non-obstructing area measurement and control of temperature thermocouple 30, shut fire door, finally connect thermal source to steel plate blank 24
Heated, the speed stabilizing of keeping temperature heats up in heating process.
The present embodiment also provides a kind of hot-forming end enclosure method, comprises the following steps：(1) pressing force Vessel Design mark
Standard carries out stress analysis, checks each part thickness required for each position of end socket meets same internal pressure, using wherein maximum as
Calculated thickness required for whole end socket, then plus upward rounding after necessary etching extent and steel plate minus deviation to steel plate series
Thickness, in this, as blank plate thickness；And the easy weakened region of empirically determined steel plate blank；(2) rounding is to steel plate series
Thickness, according to the force analysis of the hot press-formed process of end socket, determines the thickness surplus, and make there is certain thickness surplus
Technical data during for shaping Reducing thickness, including the heating-up temperature of stamping press, drawing velocity and steel plate etc.；(3) install
Measurement and control of temperature thermocouple, heating furnace is adjusted according to technical data, adjusts the bulk temperature and local temperature of heating steel sheet blank
Degree etc., makes the temperature in heating furnace at the uniform velocity rise；Meanwhile, the controlling value of stamping machine is adjusted, including stamping press, drawing velocity etc.；
(4) blank is placed into above-mentioned heating furnace and is heated, in heating stepses, in the easy weakened region of punching press of blank before heating
Laying or coating high temperature resistant heat insulation shielding layer, and/or the thickness for increasing the easy weakened region of punching press of blank；（5）From heating furnace
Take out steel plate blank 24 and be arranged to stamping machine and be pressed, in carrying out head pressing forming operation, it should be noted that steel plate hair
The temperature control of base 24, if temperature exceeds preset range, should stop operation, and start anew operation again, until seal head forming,
Finally to ensure that any wall thickness of end socket is all not less than calculated thickness；(6) essence is carried out to partial structurtes such as the end face grooves of end socket
Processing；(7) end socket and other parts groups are welded and is further processed into meeting the reactor of design requirement.
The above method includes two kinds of approach, Yi Zhongshi：During heating steel sheet blank 24, design is not intended to thinning in steel plate blank
Local location（That is the easy weakened region of punching press）Laying or coating high temperature resistant heat insulation material, the transmission of shaded portions heat, and only
Non-obstructing region to steel plate blank 24 is heated, and the strength character at different temperatures of steel plate blank 24 is different, height
The strength character of temperature area is than relatively low, and the strength character of low-temperature space steel plate is higher.In punch forming, the relatively low area of strength character
Domain be easier to be drawn it is thin cause wall thickness more thinning, strength character region higher is more difficult to be drawn thin and wall thickness is thicker, makes each region
Reducing thickness and final molding thickness be controlled.Another kind is：Increase the thickness of the easy weakened region of punching press of steel plate blank, increase
Plus before the method for this thickness can be the compacting of steel plate blank, first pass through the techniques such as precompressed and steel plate blank is transformed into not equal thickness
Blank, increase the easy weakened region of punching press thickness；Can also be additional by measure in the easy weakened region of the punching press of steel plate blank
A certain amount of wall thickness.High temperature resistant heat insulation material is set and changes steel plate two kinds of approach of blank thickness in advance, can independently use
Use simultaneously, after can also be seal head molding certainly, built-up welding is carried out to the part of end socket and is thickened.
Certainly, the end enclosure structure of the application is particularly well-suited to reactor, while being also applied for other pressure for needing also exist for
Container.
Specifically, in punch steps, being provided with high-temperature resistant coating to subtract with the contact position of stamping machine in steel plate blank 24
The heat of few blank is transmitted toward stamping machine.In general, by the end socket that flat steel plate blank is compressing, end socket port by
Steel plate blank is crowded around and formed, and forming process middle port is in circumferential compressive state, the wall thickness of ellipsoidal head port to straight section 9
Thicken, the unnecessary metal of removal is needed after shaping so as to be docked with cylinder equal thickness.Therefore optimal ellipse head into
Shape technology is that the original excess metal for thickening at this is transferred to easily to be drawn thin changeover portion 10.Realize this point it is necessary to
The temperature that a circle endless metal of straight section 9 will be turned into when heating steel plate blank 24 is some higher.But, when steel plate blank
24 are placed to when on the support ring of forcing press from heating furnace taking-up, have 2 reasons to cause to reduce the temperature of this circle endless metal
Degree, is on the one hand that this circle endless metal will gradually be contacted with support ring and be sucked away heat, and support ring is simultaneously as shaping
Lower mould, can thermal expansion curve, the size of further influence seal head molding rear port after heat is absorbed；On the other hand it is this
Circle endless metal is located at the periphery of steel plate blank and distributes heat to ambient air.It is noted, therefore, that being hindered by high-temperature resistant coating
Only the heat of steel plate blank is transmitted toward support ring, and quickly completes being hot pressed into for end socket by rational technique and efficient operation
Type.
Hot pressing is manufactured by above-mentioned hot-forming reactor end enclosure method and/or using above-mentioned hot-forming Refurbishment of Heating Furnace for Drum Head
Formed head, compared with prior art,（1）The wall thickness at each position of end socket finished product is uniform equal everywhere or produces required wall thickness
Difference, under the effect of same internal pressure, the wall thickness at whole each position of end socket is corresponding to its stress level, the stress ratio at each position of end socket
It is basically identical with security intensity, the strength difference with cylinder can be reduced, reduce stress raisers；（2）Eliminate traditional shaping
The area of changeover portion local reduction of the end socket that process is caused, and blank need not the overall substantially increase on the basis of base thickness
Thickness, reduces the production costs such as seal head material, shaping, transport, also improves blank quality, improves the force-bearing situation of end socket,
Extend the service life of end socket.
Embodiment 2
The two of the specific embodiment of the hot-forming reactor end socket of the present embodiment, the main technical schemes of the present embodiment
Same as Example 1, unaccounted feature, using the explanation in embodiment 1, is no longer repeated herein in the present embodiment.
The present embodiment is with the difference of embodiment 1, referring to shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 9, hot-forming end socket include ellipsoidal head and
Dome head.Wherein, ellipsoidal head includes forming the sphere bottom stage 11 at the top of the straight section 9 of end socket port 8, formation end socket
（Radius R）With connection straight section 9 and the changeover portion 10 of bottom stage（Minor radius r）, straight section 9, changeover portion 10 and top section 11
Thickness is equal.Dome head is all everywhere then spherical radius R.Traditional handicraft punch forming end socket generally causes wall thickness reduction, ellipse
The Reducing thickness of circular head is larger, wherein maximum thinning area is located at the region of minor radius r changeover portions 10, it is general it is thinning up to 8% to
13%.The application partial thickening region is deliberately to take measures to form profitable thickness, and to make up the Reducing thickness of passiveness, changeover portion is not
Thin structure occurs.Shown in reference picture 9, the need for being checked according to pressure vessel force analysis, minor radiusrThe wall of changeover portion 10
Thickness can be with partial thickening extremelyt 1,t 1＞t, thicken can be steel plate blank partial thickening, or end socket before seal head molding into
Controlled during type local Reducing thickness it is less than normal, it is other region Reducing thickness generations bigger than normal thicken, after can also be seal head forming
Local surfacing is thickened.
Embodiment 3
The three of the specific embodiment of the hot-forming reactor end socket of the present embodiment, the main technical schemes of the present embodiment
Same as Example 2, unaccounted feature, using the explanation in embodiment 2, is no longer repeated herein in the present embodiment.
The present embodiment is with the difference of embodiment 2, shown in Figure 5, and end socket includes basic thickness area and local thickened areas,
Under same internal pressure effect, the wall thickness at whole each position of end socket is corresponding to its stress level.It can be steel before seal head molding to thicken
Plate blank is thickened in corresponding regional area（Such as blank upper surface buildup area 31 and blank lower surface buildup area 32 in Fig. 5）,
Can also be control during seal head molding certain regional area Reducing thickness is less than normal, other region Reducing thickness generations bigger than normal increasings
Thickness, can also be that the local surfacing after seal head forming is thickened.
Embodiment 4
The four of the specific embodiment of the hot-forming end socket of the present embodiment, the main technical schemes and implementation of the present embodiment
Example 3 is identical, in the present embodiment unaccounted feature, using the explanation in embodiment 3, is no longer repeated herein.This implementation
Example is with the difference of embodiment 3, referring to shown in Fig. 1 to 9, end socket including lamina end socket with by thickness is equal or thickness not
Deng multilayer steel plates stacking composition multi-layer sheet end socket.
Embodiment 5
The five of the specific embodiment of the drawable heating furnace of a kind of coil pipe of the present embodiment, the major technique of the present embodiment
Scheme is same as Example 4, in the present embodiment unaccounted feature, using the explanation in embodiment 4, is no longer gone to live in the household of one's in-laws on getting married herein
State.The present embodiment is that, referring to shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 6, the port wall thickness of end socket was formed by thin to thickness with the difference of embodiment 4
Area 12 is crossed, so that the thickness with cylinder is docked, the wall thickness of spheric end mouthful transition region 14 is by the thickness t at end socket top 13 to passing through
Forging machining is transitioned into heavy wall T, T>T, it is H, H that the thickness of transition region 14 also increases>H, end socket top 13（Steel plate area）And forging
By being welded to connect between part.
Embodiment 6
The six of the specific embodiment of the hot-forming reactor end socket of the present embodiment, the main technical schemes of the present embodiment
Same as Example 5, unaccounted feature, using the explanation in embodiment 5, is no longer repeated herein in the present embodiment.
The present embodiment is with the difference of embodiment 5, shown in Figure 7, has one or several mouthpieces 15, adapter on end socket
Specification or orientation can be with different, adapter and the connected mode of end socket can be butt welding, corner connection welding or other are more
Plant different forms.
Embodiment 7
The seven of the specific embodiment of the hot-forming reactor end socket of the present embodiment, the main technical schemes of the present embodiment
Same as Example 6, unaccounted feature, using the explanation in embodiment 6, is no longer repeated herein in the present embodiment.
The present embodiment is to participate in shown in Fig. 8 with the difference of embodiment 2, and the inner surface setting of end socket has lining 16, and lining can be envelope
Clad steel plate one monolithic molding or resolution shaping before head shaping organize the inner wall overlaying lining after weldering, or seal head molding again
In.
Embodiment 8
The eight of the specific embodiment of the hot-forming reactor end socket of the present embodiment, the main technical schemes of the present embodiment
Same as Example 7, unaccounted feature, using the explanation in embodiment 7, is no longer repeated herein in the present embodiment.
The present embodiment is to participate in shown in Fig. 6 with the difference of embodiment 7, and end socket includes integrated head and local end socket, from end socket port
8 by spherical transition area 12 to bottom 13 (being also sphere) constitute specification be Φ ×tComplete structure dome head.Steel
Plate area is made up of a bore sphere 12 to bottom 13 (being also sphere)tPartial structurtes
Spherical envelope lacks, and can only be referred to as local end socket.
Finally it should be noted that above example is only used to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model, rather than to this reality
With the limitation of novel protected scope, although being explained to the utility model with reference to preferred embodiment, this area it is general
It is logical it will be appreciated by the skilled person that can be modified to the technical solution of the utility model or equivalent, without deviating from this
The spirit and scope of utility model technical scheme.
Claims (5)
1. hot-forming reactor end socket, it is characterized in that：The end socket includes forming the straight section of end socket port, forms end socket top
Sphere bottom stage and connect the changeover portion of the straight section and the bottom stage, the changeover portion laid before seal head molding
Or it is coated with high temperature resistant heat insulation shielding layer.
2. hot-forming reactor end socket according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：The end socket include ellipsoidal head and
Dome head.
3. hot-forming reactor end socket according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：The straight section, changeover portion and top
The thickness of section is equal.
4. hot-forming reactor end socket according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：The end socket includes basic thickness area
With local thickened areas.
5. hot-forming reactor end socket according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：The end socket include lamina end socket and
By the multi-layer sheet end socket that thickness is equal or thickness multilayer steel plates stacking not etc. is constituted.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201620636079.1U CN206200032U (en) | 2016-06-24 | 2016-06-24 | Hot-forming reactor end socket |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201620636079.1U CN206200032U (en) | 2016-06-24 | 2016-06-24 | Hot-forming reactor end socket |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN206200032U true CN206200032U (en) | 2017-05-31 |
Family
ID=58754911
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201620636079.1U Active CN206200032U (en) | 2016-06-24 | 2016-06-24 | Hot-forming reactor end socket |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN206200032U (en) |
-
2016
- 2016-06-24 CN CN201620636079.1U patent/CN206200032U/en active Active
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