CN206192364U - Device is verified on VLBI measurement system and ground based on X ray - Google Patents
Device is verified on VLBI measurement system and ground based on X ray Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model provides a device is verified on VLBI measurement system and ground based on X ray when shortening the base -line distance greatly, can realize the precision measurement to pulse star -delta position. This measurement system includes that two way parallel arrangement's X ray single -photon detection system carries out the related self -correlation processing ware that calculates of intensity with being used for to two way measuring -signal, and wherein, each way X ray single -photon detection system is all including the X ray focus optical module, X ray single -photon detection ware, time compensating cable, front end electronics module and the data processing module that set gradually, the displacement that this two way X ray focus optical module and X ray single -photon detector differed and set for at the ascending initial position in optical axis side for the optical path difference that the incident of same light source was set for to the existence of two way X ray single -photon detector, through time compensating cable's different configuration makes two way X ray single -photon detector output signal's chronogenesis can accomplish initial alignment.
Description
Technical field
The utility model is related to a kind of VLBI (very long baseline interference) measuring system, is applicable to the height of X-ray pulsar
Precision angular position measurement is studied, and additionally relates to corresponding ground validation device.
Background technology
Realize X-ray pulsar navigation, it is necessary to which determination first will be used for the accurate location of the pulsar itself of navigation
With coordinate.Angle position of the clock relative to detector is determined first.
At present for the angular position measurement of pulsar, it is with VLBI (very long baseline interference) technology of radio wavelength band mainly
It is main.VLBI methods are exactly to receive the electromagnetic wave that same celestial body is sent using the two frame telescopes for being separated by two places, then to two beams
Ripple is interfered or correlation computations, and its equivalent resolution highest can be equal to a frame bore equivalent to distance between two places
Single Aperture Telescope.Using the method, the angular position measurement precision currently for target celestial body is sub- milli rad magnitude.
It is directly proportional to look-in frequency using the precision of the target source Angle Position measured by this kind of method, with detection diameter into anti-
Than.Because the frequency of X-ray is the 10 of radio wavelength band electromagnetic wave10Times, VLBI technologies are applied to X-ray wave band, it is possible to
While greatly shortening parallax range, certainty of measurement of the system for target celestial body Angle Position is greatly enhanced, it is expected to reach 1 micro-
The angular position measurement precision of rad magnitude.Meanwhile, by detecting the X-ray interference fringe formed in end of probe, relevant treatment
After also this technology can be used for aerial image field to target imaging.
But, compared with radio wavelength band and visible ray, because the optical element progress for being applied to X-ray is delayed very much
Slowly, simultaneously because the characteristics of X-ray very high frequency so that the difficulty of the aspect such as focusing, deflecting, imaging of X-ray is very big so that
The VLBI theoretical methods of radio wavelength band can not extend directly into X-ray wave band with device.
Utility model content
The utility model proposes a kind of VLBI measuring systems (device) based on X-ray, parallax range is being greatly shortened
While, it is possible to achieve to the accurate measurement of pulsar Angle Position.
The technical solution of the utility model is as follows：
The measuring system of the VLBI measuring methods based on X-ray, including the X-ray single photon detection system that two-way be arranged in parallel
System and the auto-correlation processor for carrying out intensity correlation calculating to two-way measurement signal, wherein, per X-ray single-photon detecting all the way
Examining system includes the X-ray focusing optical module, X-ray single-photon detector, time bias cable, the front end electricity that set gradually
Son learns module and data processing module；This two-way X-ray focusing optical module and X-ray single-photon detector are in optical axis side
The displacement of upward initial position difference setting so that same light source is incident to two-way X-ray single-photon detector and there is setting
Optical path difference, by the different configurations of the time bias cable cause two-way X-ray single-photon detector output signal when
Sequence can complete initial alignment.
Further, atomic clock can also be set, it is unified for two-way front-end electronics module and data processing module and
Auto-correlation processor provides the frequency marking and time information of stabilization.
Further, can also be taken multiple measurements under the conditions of different (detector) relative positions, then two-way X-ray
Relative position in focusing optical module and X-ray single-photon detector in the direction of the optical axis should be modulated.Specifically
Structure design is for example：Wherein X-ray focusing optical module and X-ray single-photon detector are installed on precise linear guide all the way
On, to realize the modulation of relative position in the direction of the optical axis.
VLBI measuring methods based on X-ray, mainly including following link：
Parallel two-way X-ray single-photon detector is set, two-way X-ray single-photon detector in the direction of the optical axis just
The displacement of beginning position difference setting so that same light source is incident to the optical path difference that two-way X-ray single-photon detector has setting；
The every energy of incident X-rays all the way of collection and arrival time information, and then obtain the X-ray wave equation on the road
Frequency and phase information；To wherein X-ray single-photon detector carries out delay compensation all the way, make two-way X-ray single photon detection
The sequential of device output signal completes initial alignment (actual alignment sets and only needs to, is also only possible to reach coarse alignment)；
Two paths of data after initial alignment carried out into intensity correlation calculating, draws an amplitude as time delay changes
Cosine signal, i.e., when time delay an observation wavelength is changed, the output value changes a cycle that intensity correlation is calculated；
According to the output valve that the intensity correlation is calculated, time delay and retardation rate are drawn；It is to calculate by time delay
The angle position of pulsar is obtained, retardation rate then characterizes the available accuracy of the angle position for measuring.
Further, the relative position of two-way X-ray single-photon detector can be repeatedly adjusted, is measured and is calculated
Corresponding time delay and retardation rate；Average value according to time delay calculates the angle position for obtaining pulsar, retardation rate
Average value characterizes the available accuracy of the angle position for measuring.
Although being that, with coherence, cannot directly be surveyed on ground during the X-ray arrival detector end that pulsar sends
Amount receives the X-ray signal that X-ray pulse source sends, therefore the utility model also proposed below based on the VLBI ground of X-ray
Device is verified in face, the above method can be verified in laboratory.
In the input path of two-way X-ray focusing optical module front end, micro- focal spot pulsar X-ray is disposed with
Source, diaphragm and Silicon Mirror, the X-ray that micro- focal spot pulsar x-ray source sends by after diaphragm, with Prague
Silicon Mirror surface is incided at angle, using the section of monocrystalline silicon as reflecting surface, the X-ray direction of outgoing and incident X-rays
It is symmetrical with normal of crystal surface, two beam X-rays with spatial coherence ability are formed, respectively enter two-way X-ray focusing optical module
And X-ray single-photon detector.
It is further preferred to make the X in micro- focal spot pulsar x-ray source, diaphragm, Silicon Mirror and the measuring system
Ray focusing optical module, X-ray single-photon detector, precise linear guide and time bias cable are respectively positioned on vacuum system
It is interior.
The utility model has the advantages that：
The utility model by two-way X-ray single-photon detector collect respectively corresponding incident X-rays energy and
Arrival time information, and then obtain the frequency and phase information of X-ray wave equation, it is possible to the method for VLBI is extended to X
Ray wave band, so as to while parallax range is greatly shortened, be greatly enhanced measurement of the system for target celestial body Angle Position
Precision.
The ground validation device that the utility model is proposed, can be directly in laboratory to the angle based on X-ray detection
Location measurement method is verified.Spatial coherence can be obtained by micro- focal spot pulsar x-ray source and light path design good
Two beam X-rays.Any regulation of optical path difference between two beam X-rays can be realized by precise linear guide.
The utility model is had a wide range of applications, and coordinate, the angle of observation space x-ray source can be also realized based on the method
The information such as footpath, radiation intensity, frequency spectrum and polarization, are equally applicable to the imaging research field of space radiation source.By changing system
In type photodetector, it is possible to use the interference fringe of the beam X-ray of imaging detector direct detection two, so as to by the method with dress
Put and be applied to aerial image field.With great theoretical research value and development prospect, it is expected to for X-ray pulsar navigation is carried
For pulsar self-position benchmark, while establishing solid foundation to set up the strategic development demand of superhigh precision space-time datum.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the VLBI measuring principle figures based on X-ray.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the whole ground checking system of X-ray pulsar angular position measurement.
Drawing reference numeral explanation：
The micro- focal spot pulsar x-ray sources of 1-；2- diaphragms；3- Silicon Mirrors；4- precise linear guides；5-X rays gather
Burnt optical module；6- (high time resolution, high energy resolution) X-ray single-photon detector；7- split-second precision compensating cables；8‐
Front-end electronics module；9- data processing modules；10- (carrying out intensity correlation calculating) auto-correlation processor；11- hydrogen atoms
Clock；12- ultravacuum systems.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Fig. 2 whole ground checking system includes micro- focal spot pulsar x-ray source 1, diaphragm 2, Silicon Mirror
3rd, for modulation detector relative position precise linear guide 4, X-ray focusing optical module 5, are received to X-ray
High time resolution, high energy resolution X-ray single-photon detector 6, the split-second precision compensating cable for data flow to be aligned
7th, front-end electronics module 8, the data processing module 9 processed detector output, intensity is carried out by two-way input information
The auto-correlation processor 10 for associating computing and the hydrogen that high stable frequency marking and time information are provided to data acquisition and processing system
Atomic clock 11.
Wherein, the micro- focal spot pulsar x-ray source 1, diaphragm 2 and Silicon Mirror 3 positioned at front end are used to simulate space
Environment, other parts are measuring system in itself.It is described as follows：
Micro- focal spot pulsar x-ray source 1：X-ray for producing the requirement of spatial coherence sexual satisfaction, is used to simulate X-ray
The X-ray that pulsar is sent.
Silicon Mirror 3：The X-ray that micro- focal spot x-ray source is produced with Bragg angle by after diaphragm at two, being incided
Monocrystalline silicon surface, using the section of monocrystalline silicon as reflecting surface, the X-ray direction of outgoing is symmetrical with normal of crystal surface with incident X-rays,
So as to change the direction of propagation of X-ray, and form two beam X-rays with spatial coherence ability.
X-ray focusing optical module 5：Same phase focusing is carried out to two beam X-rays, is not changing the bar of incident X-rays phase
Under part, incident X-rays are focused on into detector end.
X-ray single-photon detector 6：Single photon X-ray detector with high time resolution Yu high energy resolution ability
The energy information and time information for reaching photon are exported simultaneously.Correspond respectively to the frequency and phase information of X-ray wave equation.
Split-second precision compensating cable 7：For the two paths of data stream alignment that will be played back, it is necessary to which a circuit-switched data is postponed
Compensation.Delay compensation value is calculated according to the right ascension in observed object source, the initial value of declination and detector coordinates, observation moment etc.
Arrive.
Auto-correlation processor 10：The delayed and postrotational data flow of striped is carried out into computing cross-correlation relevant treatment, root
According to the cross-correlation data that relevant treatment is obtained, optimal single channel and multichannel delay and retardation rate observation is calculated.Remove
Outside correlator, also all-purpose computer is to the data processing after correlation, i.e., the cross-correlation for being exported using correlator
Data, make further data processing.
Hydrogen atomic clock 11：Its major function is the frequency that high stable is provided to the receiver and data collecting system of VLBI systems
Mark and time information, signal moment second of hydrogen atomic clock are contrasted and are obtained by using GPS time-ofday signals.
Operation principle of the present utility model described in detail below：
After the X-ray that micro- focal spot pulsar x-ray source 1 is produced is by diaphragm 2 at two, monocrystalline silicon is incided with Bragg angle
The surface of speculum 3, using the section of Silicon Mirror 3 as reflecting surface, the X-ray direction of outgoing and incident X-rays are with crystal face
Normal is symmetrical, so as to change the direction of propagation of X-ray, and forms two beam X-rays with spatial coherence ability.
Two beam launching lights are by forming optical path difference after paths, if the time that X-ray reaches two detectors is respectively
T1 and t2, then its time difference is τg, referred to as geometric delay has：
L=C τg (1)
Dcos θ=C τg (2)
In formula, C is propagation velocity of electromagnetic wave, and D is the distance (known quantity) between two X-ray detectors.τgIt is X-ray light
Son is moved to the time of P2 points, i.e. delay time value by Q points.As shown in figure 1, by calculating the detection of Q, P2 point-to-point transmission, i.e., two
Photon arrival time difference between device, is the angle position information that can obtain emission source according to formula (2).
Two beam reflected lights are connect with after phase focusing via X-ray focusing optical module 5 by two-way X-ray single-photon detector 6
Receive.X-ray single-photon detector 6 with high time resolution and high energy resolution ability carries out energy respectively to two-way input signal
Amount screening, chooses " accurate monochromatic " X-ray in the range of certain energy (wavelength), and arrival time to single x-ray photon enters
Line flag, extracts the energy and arrival time information of surveyed X-ray, corresponds respectively to the frequency and phase of X-ray wave equation
Position, forms data flow output.
A delay compensation is calculated according to parameters such as the initial value of observed object source and detector coordinates, observation moment values
Value, by split-second precision compensating cable 7, two paths of data stream is initially aligned.
Intensity correlation calculating is carried out during two paths of data after initial alignment is streamed into auto-correlation processor 10.Correlator is
Signal to two-way detection carries out relevant treatment, obtains " interference fringe ".Actually the output of auto-correlation processor 10 is one
Amplitude is with delay time TgThe cosine signal of change, as delay τgDuring one observation wavelength X of change, its correlator output value becomes
Change a cycle, i.e., this mechanical periodicity is called " interference fringe ", the interference fringe is only by delay time TgWith retardation rate Δ τ
Determine.I.e. by repeatedly measurement, the value of time delay and retardation rate can be obtained.Wherein, can be calculated by time delay
To the angle position of pulsar, and retardation rate determines the available accuracy of measured Angle Position.
Claims (6)
1. the VLBI measuring systems of X-ray are based on, it is characterised in that：Including the X-ray single photon detection system that two-way be arranged in parallel
System and the auto-correlation processor for carrying out intensity correlation calculating to two-way measurement signal, wherein, per X-ray single-photon detecting all the way
Examining system includes the X-ray focusing optical module, X-ray single-photon detector, time bias cable, the front end electricity that set gradually
Son learns module and data processing module；This two-way X-ray focusing optical module and X-ray single-photon detector are in optical axis side
The displacement of upward initial position difference setting so that same light source is incident to two-way X-ray single-photon detector and there is setting
Optical path difference, by the different configurations of the time bias cable cause two-way X-ray single-photon detector output signal when
Sequence can complete initial alignment.
2. measuring system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The measuring system also includes atomic clock, and unified is two
Road front-end electronics module and data processing module and auto-correlation processor provide the frequency marking and time information of stabilization.
3. measuring system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Two-way X-ray focusing optical module and X-ray list
Relative position in photon detector in the direction of the optical axis can be modulated.
4. measuring system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Wherein X-ray focusing optical module and X are penetrated all the way
Line single-photon detector is installed on precise linear guide, to realize the modulation of relative position in the direction of the optical axis.
5. a kind of ground validation device based on measuring system described in claim 4, it is characterised in that：Two-way X is additionally included in penetrate
Micro- focal spot pulsar x-ray source, diaphragm and the monocrystalline silicon set gradually in the input path of line focus optical module front end are anti-
Mirror is penetrated, the X-ray that micro- focal spot pulsar x-ray source sends with Bragg angle by after diaphragm, inciding monocrystalline silicon and reflecting
Mirror surface, using the section of monocrystalline silicon as reflecting surface, the X-ray direction of outgoing is symmetrical with normal of crystal surface with incident X-rays, is formed
Two beam X-rays with spatial coherence ability, respectively enter two-way X-ray focusing optical module and X-ray single photon detection
Device.
6. ground validation device according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：Micro- focal spot pulsar x-ray source, light
X-ray focusing optical module, X-ray single-photon detector, precise direct in door screen, Silicon Mirror and the measuring system
Line guide rail and time bias cable may be contained within vacuum system.
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| CN201621208779.7U CN206192364U (en) | 2016-11-09 | 2016-11-09 | Device is verified on VLBI measurement system and ground based on X ray |
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| CN201621208779.7U CN206192364U (en) | 2016-11-09 | 2016-11-09 | Device is verified on VLBI measurement system and ground based on X ray |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112229397A (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2021-01-15 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Satellite angular position intensity correlation measurement system and method based on spatial modulation |
| CN112325874A (en) * | 2020-10-21 | 2021-02-05 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | System and method for measuring strength correlation of star angular position based on snake-shaped light path |
| CN113271170A (en) * | 2021-05-13 | 2021-08-17 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Decoding assistance-based VLBI data processing method, device and computer storage medium |
-
2016
- 2016-11-09 CN CN201621208779.7U patent/CN206192364U/en active Active
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112229397A (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2021-01-15 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Satellite angular position intensity correlation measurement system and method based on spatial modulation |
| CN112229397B (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2022-08-30 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Satellite angular position intensity correlation measurement system and method based on spatial modulation |
| CN112325874A (en) * | 2020-10-21 | 2021-02-05 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | System and method for measuring strength correlation of star angular position based on snake-shaped light path |
| CN112325874B (en) * | 2020-10-21 | 2023-02-14 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | System and method for measuring strength correlation of star angular position based on snake-shaped light path |
| CN113271170A (en) * | 2021-05-13 | 2021-08-17 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Decoding assistance-based VLBI data processing method, device and computer storage medium |
| CN113271170B (en) * | 2021-05-13 | 2022-04-29 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Decoding assistance-based VLBI data processing method, device and computer storage medium |
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