A kind of puna outdoor environment-tensile, compressive, bending load coupling test device
Technical field:
The utility model is related to material mechanical performance test field, and more particularly to one kind can be opened in puna outdoor environment
The testing equipment of exhibition material tensile, compressive, bending load fatigue test.
Background technology:
With the transformation of China's Strategic Demand, high and cold borderland environment becomes already the hot spot region that equipment is on active service, high and cold, big
The harsh puna environment such as the temperature difference, solar radiation proposes acid test to equipping environmental suitability.Puna ring
The operating loadings such as the equipment material that border is on active service, stretching, compression, bending due to prolonged complexity puna environment and repeatedly
Coupling, cause to equip key structure part and partial function part and corrode/ageing failure in advance, equipment overall performance drastically under
Drop, has a strong impact on the reliable and secure military service of equipment.Therefore it provides advanced, effective experimental rig research puna environment with
Equipment material mechanical performance change under tensile, compressive, bending operating loading coupling has become Support Equipment puna environment
It is on active service requisite basic demand.
At present, both at home and abroad for the material mechanical performance under puna environment and tensile, compressive, bending operating loading coupling
Test is without effective method, the standard and equipment also without correlation.In order to grasp environmental factor and tensile, compressive, bending operating loading
Interact lower changes in material properties, and researcher increases on the basis of common fatigue experimental device being capable of laboratory simulation temperature
The environmental cabinet of the environmental factors such as degree, humidity, such as Chinese patent " cryogenic environment material mechanical performance detection test device(CN
102798573 A)" disclose a kind of fatigue test of materials device being capable of achieving from normal temperature to liquid nitrogen temperature, Chinese patent " liquid nitrogen
The many sample continuous test devices of warm area material three-point bending(CN 103900914 A)" to disclose many samples under a kind of low temperature automatic
Vary, loading sample once can the multiple samples of follow-on test three-point bend test device.At present, existing fatigue experimental device, only
Only it is the environmental cabinet that common fatigue experimental device increase is capable of the environmental factor such as laboratory simulation temperature, humidity, is generally only capable of
Carry out the simulation of single environment condition.During equipment is on active service under puna environment, except the tensile, compressive, bending operating mode being subjected to repeatedly
Outside loading effect, construction material especially macromolecular material is equipped, it is typically many in solar radiation, high and cold, the big temperature difference, humidity etc.
Plant corrosion/ageing failure under environmental factor comprehensive function.Therefore, existing fatigue experimental device is due to being only laboratory condition
Impact of the Imitating single environment factor to material, it is impossible to which the complicated puna environment of true reflection is carried with tensile, compressive, bending operating mode
Fatigue mechanics performance change under lotus coupling, and can existing fatigue experimental device itself in puna outdoor environment
Lower work is also without relevant report.
Utility model content:
The purpose of this utility model is to provide one kind to carry out material tensile, compressive, bending under puna outdoor environment
The equipment of the mechanics properties testings such as load fatigue test, overcomes existing fatigue experimental device to be only capable of in laboratory simulation single environment
Factor affects the deficiency for existing on material property, fills up fatigue experimental device in climatic environment-operating loading coupling test technology
The blank of aspect.
In order to achieve the above object, the utility model is realized in:A kind of puna outdoor environment-tensile, compressive, bending
Load coupling test device, including cabinet and the test device in cabinet, in the top surface of the cabinet two phases are provided with
To column, on the top of two root postsSetEntablature is provided with, static load loading machine is installed on the lateral surface of the entablature
Structure, is provided with fixture on the medial surface of the entablature, and the static load adding mechanism is connected with one end of the fixture, in institute
The other end for stating fixture is connected with strut, and the strut is connected with the test device in the cabinet, it is characterised in that:Also include
The isolation ward being arranged under puna outdoor environment, the entablature, static load adding mechanism and the fixture be located at it is described every
It is indoor that test device in outdoor, the cabinet and cabinet is located at the isolation.The testing equipment arranged using aforesaid way,
Mechanical property of the material under psychro-environment can truly be tested out.So that test result is more true, reliable, accurate, accurate
Really.Wherein, the column, strut, dead load load maintainer, fixture etc. can be using cold-resistant materials.Wherein, the entablature is outer
Side refers to the side that the entablature extends towards the column, and contrary one side is medial surface.
In order to further facilitate operation, the isolation ward part is located at underground, partly on ground.Using this
The setting of sample can also improve the stability and reliability of experimental rig.
In order to further improve efficiency, the fixture has multiple, and each fixture is connected with the upper end of a strut,
The bottom of each strut is connected with sill, and the sill is connected with the test device in the cabinet.
In order to further improve dynamometry precision, in the lower end of each strut temperature compensation sensor is arranged with.
Further, the sill is connected with the amplitude load maintainer in the cabinet.
In order to further improve the stability of test, the amplitude load maintainer includes the motion being connected with the sill
Part, the moving component bottom is driven by slider-crank mechanism, and the slider-crank mechanism is driven by servomotor,
The both sides of the moving component are provided with line slideway.
In order to further improve slider-crank mechanism degree of regulation, amplitude tune is additionally provided with the slider-crank mechanism
Whole cushion block.The different-thickness cushion block of close tolerances is specially encased inside between the step and slide block of crank.
Further, the both sides of the cabinet are provided with fulcrum bearing, the support base is connected with the cabinet two sides.
In order to further improve the accuracy of test result, the bottom surface of the cabinet is provided with angle-adjusting mechanism, institute
State angle-adjusting mechanism by least one removably angle frame constitute, the angle frame bottom surface is provided with bearing.
Preferably, the angle frame is two and is detachably arranged between the bottom surface of the bearing and the cabinet,
One of angle frame is 15 °, and another angle frame is 30 °.
Adopt the beneficial effects of the utility model for:
1. experimental rig of the present utility model can the durable work under puna outdoor environment, realize material high and cold
Fatigue test under climatic environment-tensile, compressive, bending load coupling;
2. experimental rig top half of the present utility model is exposed to the open air in puna outdoor environment, including entablature, vertical
Post, fixture and sample etc., it is ensured that sample carries out tensile, compressive, bending load fatigue test in real natural environment;
3. experimental rig the latter half of the present utility model is fixed in reinforced concrete foundation, including motor, driver
Structure, force snesor, computer, amplitude adjusting mechanism and other electric elements, it is to avoid it is directly sudden and violent that experimental rig can not resist cold part
In being exposed to puna outdoor environment, can effectively ensure that experimental rig works for a long time;
4. experimental rig of the present utility model devises pivot angle adjustment mechanism, experimental rig can be adjusted to according to demand with
Horizontal plane into 30 °, 45 °, 15 °, 90 ° angularly, it is rotten that sample can receive the natural environmental conditions such as the illumination of different angles, sleet
Erosion/aging impact;
5. experimental rig of the present utility model is provided with SMS alarm function, when sample fracture or equipment occur abnormal to
The phone number being previously set sends information, effectively guarantees the timely process of the normal operation and accident tested;
6. the mechanical property of the material that experimental provision of the present utility model is tested out is more true and reliable, the degree of accuracy and precision
It is higher.
Description of the drawings:
Fig. 1 is puna environmentally conscious materialses mechanical property test device in embodiment;
Fig. 2 is the experimental rig front view without isolation ward;
Fig. 3 is the axonometric drawing of Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is cabinet and test device sectional view;
Fig. 5 is stretching clamp structure chart;
Fig. 6 is compression clamp structure chart;
Fig. 7 is bending fixture structure chart.
Label declaration:1 static load adding mechanism;2 entablatures;3 fixtures;4 test specimens;5 temperature compensation sensors;6 columns;7 is straight
Line guide rail;8 moving components;9 support bases;10 amplitudes adjust cushion block;11 slider-crank mechanisms;12 cabinets;13 angle-adjusting mechanisms;
14 transmission mechanisms;15 servomotors;16 axis systems;17 struts;18 isolation wards;19 sills;20 angle frames;21 bearings;22
Test specimen;31 stretching clamps;311 dop portions;32 compression clamps, 322 platens;33 bending fixtures;331 pressure heads;332 clamp bodies.
Specific embodiment:
Specific embodiment of the present utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the utility model
These embodiments are not limited to, any improvement or replacement on the present embodiment essence spirit still falls within the utility model
Claim scope required for protection.
Embodiment:As shown in figs. 1-7, a kind of puna outdoor environment-tensile, compressive, bending load coupling test device, including
Cabinet 12 and the test device in cabinet 12, in the top surface of the cabinet 12 two relative columns 6 and difference are provided with
Positioned at the two ends of the top surface of the cabinet 12, entablature 2 is arranged with the top of two root posts 6, in the lateral surface of the entablature 2
On static load adding mechanism 1 is installed, fixture 3 is installed on the medial surface of the entablature 2, the static load adding mechanism 1 with
One end connection of the fixture 3, in the other end of the fixture 3 strut 17 is connected with, in the strut 17 and the cabinet 12
Test device connection, also including the isolation ward 18 being arranged under puna outdoor environment, the entablature 2, static load loading
Mechanism 1 and the fixture 3 are located at outside the isolation ward 18, and the test device in the cabinet 12 and cabinet is located at the isolation ward
In 18.Wherein, the lateral surface of the entablature 2 refers to the side that the entablature 2 extends towards the column 6, contrary
It is simultaneously medial surface.And after the entablature 2 is set on vertical 6 posts, positioning lock can be carried out by lock-screw
Tightly, tensioner cover locking can be passed through between the lower end of column 6 and the cabinet 12.So that shape between entablature 2, column 6 and cabinet 12
Into the stress frame of a closing.In addition, the isolation ward 18 can be entirely located in subsurface, can be entirely located on ground,
Underground part can be partly located to be located on ground.In the present embodiment adopt or, i.e., the described part of isolation ward 18 is located at
Upper portion is located at subsurface, and so, one is the stability that can improve experimental rig, it is to avoid it is by strong, typhoon shadow
Ring, two is that operating personnel can be facilitated to be operated in isolation ward.
In addition, the fixture 3 can be single and multiple, such as 3,4,8,10 etc..But in this enforcement
In example, the fixture 3 is with 5 and evenly distributed along the axial direction of the entablature 2.And each fixture 3 and a strut
17 upper end connection, the bottom of each strut 17 is connected with sill 19, cabinet 12 described in the sill and 19
Interior test device connection.Also, it is arranged with temperature compensation sensor 5 in the lower end of each strut 17.
Wherein, the test device includes amplitude load maintainer, sensor and other electricity being arranged in the cabinet 12
Device element etc..The sill 19 is connected with the amplitude load maintainer in the cabinet 12, the amplitude load maintainer include with
The moving component 8 of the connection of the sill 19, the bottom of the moving component 8 is driven by slider-crank mechanism 11, the crank
Slide block mechanism 11 is driven by servomotor 15, and the both sides of the moving component 8 are provided with line slideway 7.Wherein, it is described to watch
The side that motor 15 is arranged in the cabinet is taken, the servomotor 15 passes through transmission mechanism 14(Such as belt mechanism or
Gear mechanism etc.)Axis system 16 is transferred power to, the axis system 16 drives the slider-crank mechanism 11, the song
Handle slide block mechanism 11 is imparting power to moving component 8, and the moving component moves along a straight line about 8, and imparts power to
Sill 19, and then workpiece to be tested is transmitted, the loading of row amplitude is entered to workpiece to be tested.Also, in the motion portion
The line slideway 7 that the both sides of part 8 are arranged can guarantee that the moving component 8 moves along a straight line.In addition, in the slider-crank mechanism 11
On be additionally provided with amplitude adjustment cushion block 10.Concrete structure is:Crank is connected with live spindle, and slide block is connected with line slideway, whole
Convert rotational motion is straight reciprocating motion by individual mechanism;When being encased inside close tolerances between the step and slide block of crank
During different-thickness cushion block, slide block produces the eccentric distance of relative value, the straight-line motion mechanism that crank is connected when rotating with slide block
Produce corresponding amplitude.
In the present embodiment, the experimental rig is supported by arranging fulcrum bearing 9 in the both sides of the cabinet 12.Institute
State support base 9 to be connected with the two sides of the cabinet 12.Wherein connected mode can for mode connects for screw, be hinged, weld etc..At this
In embodiment, the both sides of the cabinet 12 are provided with outwardly cylinder, are provided with the top of the support base 9
Lower two cushion blocks, are provided with the through hole with the cylinder mates between upper and lower two cushion block, and the cylinder is located at institute
State in through hole, and be connected by screw between upper and lower two cushion block.
In addition, being provided with angle-adjusting mechanism in the bottom surface of the cabinet 12, the angle-adjusting mechanism 13 includes arranging
In at least one angle frame 20 of the bottom surface of the cabinet 12, in addition, the bottom surface of the angle-adjusting mechanism be additionally provided with for
The bearing 21 of support, the angle frame 20 is detachably connected between the bottom surface of the cabinet 12 and the top surface of the bearing 21.
In the present embodiment, the angle frame 12 is two, and one of angle frame 12 is 15 °, and another angle frame 12 is 30 °.Wherein
Any one angle frame 12 is constituted by mutually having angled two flat board, is provided with reinforcement between two flat boards, and
Through hole or screwed hole are provided with two flat boards and along its periphery, in order to bottom surface, bearing by flat board with the cabinet 12
The flat board connection of 21 top surface or other angle frames 12.So when the angle of test specimen 22 is adjusted, only adjustment angle need to be passed through
Frame 20 can reach.Such as when 30 ° of angle frame is only used, the test specimen 22 horizontal by 60 ° of angles, when only using 15 °
Angle frame when, the test specimen 22 horizontal by 75 ° of angles, when simultaneously using 30 ° and 15 ° of angle frame, the test specimen
22 horizontal by 45 ° of angles.Certainly the angle frame 20 of various angles can also be increased, can mutual group between all angles frame 20
Close to adjust the angle of the test specimen 22 and horizontal plane.
In addition, in the present embodiment, the fixture at least has three kinds, respectively stretching clamp 31, the and of compression clamp 32
Bending fixture 33.Wherein, the stretching clamp 31 is made up of upper and lower two dop portions 311, and test specimen 22 is located at upper and lower two dops portion
Between 311, upper dop portion is connected by locking nut with the static load adding mechanism 1, and lower dop portion is by lock-screw and institute
State strut 17 to connect.The compression clamp 32 is made up of upper and lower two platens 321, test specimen 22 be located at upper and lower two platens 321 it
Between, wherein upper platen is connected with static load adding mechanism 1, pressing disc is connected with the strut 17.The bending fixture 33 is by pressure head
331 and clamp body 332 constitute, wherein pressure head 331 is connected with the static load adding mechanism 1, and clamp body 332 connects with the strut 17
Connect.
Using the puna environmentally conscious materialses mechanical property test device of the present embodiment, in process of the test, by test specimen 22
Angle 3 is loaded onto, and preloading for test specimen 22 is adjusted by static load adding mechanism 1, then by the static load loading of the experimental rig
Mechanism 1, test specimen 22 and part column 6 and strut 17 reach open air from the top of the isolation ward 18, then using closed plate
By the top seal of the isolation ward 18, wherein the closed plate is adjustable polylith, and the closed plate can be independent
Arrange, also can be set between the column 6 and strut 17.After the isolation ward 18 is closed, operating personnel can start survey
Trial assembly is put so that amplitude load maintainer carries out the loading of power to test specimen 22, and using sensor and the power of computer calculation testing piece
Learn performance.And the experimental rig of the present embodiment is provided with SMS alarm function, when sample fracture or equipment occur abnormal to thing
The phone number for first setting sends information, effectively guarantees the timely process of the normal operation and accident tested.
Using the experimental rig of the present embodiment, can the durable work under puna outdoor environment, realize material in height
Fatigue test under cold climatic environment-tensile, compressive, bending load coupling.And the experimental rig top half of the present embodiment exposes
In being exposed at puna outdoor environment, including entablature 2, column 6, fixture 3 and test specimen 22 etc., it is ensured that test specimen 22 is real
Tensile, compressive, bending load fatigue test is carried out in natural environment;Experimental rig the latter half is fixed in reinforced concrete foundation, bag
Include motor, transmission mechanism, force snesor, computer, amplitude adjusting mechanism and other electric elements, it is to avoid experimental rig intolerant to
Cold part is directly exposed in puna outdoor environment, can effectively ensure that experimental rig works for a long time.
And, the experimental rig of the present embodiment devises angle-adjusting mechanism 13, and experimental rig can be adjusted to according to demand
With the horizontal 15 °, 30 °, 45 °, 90 ° angularly, sample can receive the natural environmental conditions such as the illumination of different angles, sleet
Corrosion/aging impact.The mechanical property of the material for finally being tested out using the experimental provision of the present embodiment is more true and reliable, standard
Exactness and precision are higher.