CN206158857U - No cylinder cap engine with novel crankshaft connecting rod system - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a no cylinder cap engine with novel crankshaft connecting rod system, its power output unit include novel crankshaft connecting rod system, power output gear and cylinder opposition device, novel crankshaft connecting rod system includes directaxis, circle wheel, connecting rod and orbit determination plate, and two orbit determination plates are done to open under the drive of cylinder opposition device and are closed reciprocal linear motion, and then drives the drive that two connecting rods pushed away respectively and drew the circle wheel at directaxis both ends simultaneously in opposite orientation, drives directaxiss and power output gear subsequent rotation by two yuan of wheels. This engine is with simple structure and move the substituted multiterminal conventional crankshaft connecting rod system of disadvantage of reliable novel crankshaft connecting rod system to adopt advance cylinder opposition device to drive, the acting cylinder of cylinder opposition device does not have the cylinder cap, can realize automatic pressure boost can changing the discharge capacity in a flexible way in the acting, and fuel conversion efficiency is showing and improves, effectively solved conventional engine lubricated with two major difficult problems of thoroughly taking a breath.

Description

It is a kind of with novel crankshaft connecting rod mechanism without head engine

Technical field

This utility model is related to a kind of reciprocating piston type internal combustion electromotor, specifically a kind of to have novel crankshaft connecting rod mechanism And with the opposed device of cylinder without head engine.

Background technology

Traditional two stroke diesel engine has following several big shortcomings：

（1）, conventional engines cylinder head to set up parts more, take up room big, installation and debugging are complicated, noise during operation It is all larger with vibrating.

（2）, be driven using conventional crankshaft connecting rod system.Conventional bent axle is one of core component of conventional engines, It has the shortcomings that it is many be difficult to overcome, such as design and manufacture complicated, difficult quality guarantee, manufacture material has high demands, and increases work( Rate and raising work doing efficiency are restricted, and manufacturing cost is high, installs and maintenance difficult, and service life is short etc..

（3）, cylinder fuel combustion it is insufficient, discharge exhaust emission is serious, and fuel consumption is big, and the thermal efficiency is low.Its main original It is thorough because being cylinder ventilation, caused by the oxygen deficiency needed for burning.And causing ventilation not thoroughly, it is main former that oxygen is not enough Because the construction for being conventional engines is unreasonable, its air inlet and air vent is the left and right two in cylinder wall same horizontal line Side, when engine piston runs to a certain period, air inlet and air vent can be opened simultaneously, short circuit be formed, when new air handle Also short circuit has been run away the new air in part while waste gas scans out air vent, and the oxygen that this is resulted in needed for next burning is not enough. In addition, new air only carries out scavenging to cylinder the latter half, top half still has large quantity of exhaust gas to be detained not walk.

（4）, cylinder can not set up effective lubricating system, radiate bad, parts wear is big, it is impossible to continuous work.Its Main cause is also due to construct unreasonable cause.

Utility model content

In order to solve the above problems, this utility model starts with novel crankshaft connecting rod mechanism there is provided a kind of without cylinder cap Machine, the thinking of the electromotor solve problem is as follows：

（1）, remove the conventional crankshaft connecting rod system of disadvantage multiterminal, connected with simple structure and reliable new type crank Linkage replaces it.The novel crankshaft connecting rod mechanism includes d-axis, circle wheel, connecting rod and orbit determination plate.It is reciprocal by orbit determination plate Motion drivening rod, so as to drive circle wheel to rotate, and then drives d-axis and power output gear to rotate, and orbit determination plate is by cylinder pair Put device and synchronize driving, so as to realize being converted into the do work opening and closing linear reciprocating motion of cylinder of the opposed device two of cylinder directly The circular motion of axle and power output gear.The structure and operation principle of the novel crankshaft connecting rod mechanism and retired steaming for many years The locomotive drive wheel mechanism of vapour is identical.

（2）, cylinder adopt the opposed device of cylinder, it include two opposed acting pistons, shared acting cylinder, Two pressurized cylinders and charged piston.Due to constituting combustor between two opposed acting pistons in acting cylinder, because This acting cylinder is without cylinder cap.When two opposed acting pistons do work, related driving charged piston will be pressurized new air and be transported to and do In work(cylinder, both increased new air, again can by the waste gas after acting, from top to bottom whole process makes a clean sweep of, so as to realize thoroughly Take a breath and increase the oxygen needed for burning.

（3）, acting piston and charged piston inside be equipped with hollow storehouse, internal memory lubricating oil is provided with the oil ring groove of piston Some oilholes being connected with hollow storehouse, when piston moves back and forth, lubricating oil flow to oil ring to cylinder and work from oilhole Plug is lubricated.In addition, in motion, more than half time is an exposure to outside cylinder because of acting piston and charged piston, Ke Yiyong The band pressure machine oil that lubricating oil pump is provided directly is sprayed to piston, is then continued cycling through oil collecting backflow original place and is used. Lubrication can so be realized and can be radiated.Two kinds of lubricating methods simultaneously can be more preferable using lubrication and radiating effect.

The concrete technical scheme that this utility model is adopted is as follows：

It is a kind of with novel crankshaft connecting rod mechanism without head engine, its power output unit include new type crank connecting rod The opposed device of mechanism, power output gear and cylinder；The novel crankshaft connecting rod mechanism includes d-axis, circle wheel, connecting rod and orbit determination Plate；Power output gear is fixedly mounted on the middle part of d-axis, and the center of two circle wheels is respectively fixedly connected with the two ends of d-axis, Two circle wheels are provided with outwardly directed eccentric pin shaft, position of two eccentric pin shafts on two round wheel disk faces in the position at card edge On the contrary；The both sides of d-axis are respectively provided with an orbit determination plate parallel with d-axis, the eccentric pin shaft of two circle wheels respectively with two One end of connecting rod is movably hinged, and the other end of two connecting rods is movably articulated in respectively on the orbit determination plate on both sides, two orbit determination plates Respectively the power output point at device two ends opposed with cylinder is connected, and two orbit determination plates are opened under the driving of the opposed device of cylinder Closing linear reciprocating motion, and then drive two connecting rods to take turns to the circle at d-axis two ends simultaneously in the opposite direction carries out respectively push and pull Driving, drive d-axis and power output gear continuously to rotate by two circle wheels are common.

The orbit determination plate across be erected at a pair with the perpendicular guide rail of d-axis on, the two ends of orbit determination plate are provided with pulley It is engaged with guide rail, two orbit determination plates do opening and closing linear reciprocating motion on guide rail.

The opposed device of the cylinder is provided with two acting pistons, an acting cylinder, two pressurized cylinders and two superchargings Piston, two of which acting piston crown is relative and is co-located in an acting cylinder for having cylinder barrel without cylinder cap, and two are done The afterbody of work(piston stretches out respectively from the two ends of acting cylinder and links into an integrated entity with a charged piston respectively, in acting piston With the joint of charged piston connecting hole is provided with as power output point；The cylinder barrel middle part of acting cylinder is provided with acting inlet valve, Atomizer is provided with the corresponding opposite side cylinder barrel of acting inlet valve, cylinder barrel respectively sets in the both sides of atomizer near the position on cylinder side There is an acting exhaust valve；Two charged pistons are provided with corresponding pressurized cylinder, and the area of charged piston is more than acting piston Area, the rear end of pressurized cylinder is provided with super charge door and supercharging gas transmission door, and the supercharging gas transmission door of two pressurized cylinders passes through respectively Appendix is connected with the acting inlet valve of acting cylinder.

Hollow storehouse is equipped with inside the acting piston of the opposed device of the cylinder and charged piston, has lubricating oil in storehouse, And the piston that does work is equipped with some oilholes being connected with hollow storehouse with the oil ring draw-in groove of charged piston.

In order to increase the output of electromotor, the opposed device of the cylinder can arrange multiple, the opposed dress of multiple cylinders Put and be connected in parallel on two orbit determination plates, the power that two orbit determination plates pass through electric-controlled engaging and disengaging gear device two ends opposed with each cylinder respectively Output point is connected, and the opening and closing linear reciprocating motion of two orbit determination plates is driven jointly by the opposed device of multiple cylinders.

In order to obtain bigger power output and preferably degree of operating steadily, the electromotor can arrange one with it is described The parallel power output line shaft of the d-axis of power output unit, is provided with idler gear, idler gear on power output line shaft Circumference on be evenly equipped with some power output units, the power output gear of each power output unit is mutually nibbled with idler gear Close, the power output of each power output unit is collected to power output line shaft by idler gear, then always exported.

It is of the present utility model that there is advantages below without head engine with novel crankshaft connecting rod mechanism：

（1）, this electromotor remove the conventional crankshaft connecting rod system of disadvantage multiterminal, with simple structure and reliable new Type crankshaft connecting rod system replaces it.The crank throw for functioning as bent axle of circle wheel in novel crankshaft connecting rod mechanism, crank throw is bent axle One of middle main disadvantages reason, it except manufacture difficulty in addition to, in operation crank throw be easiest to fracture where, be also easy to by Cause vibrations in imbalance, and circle wheel is most figure, dividing for no head and the tail in a balanced way, can steadily be transported without balance weight mechanism OK, it is no matter being all suitable for low speed engine at a high speed and easy to manufacture.Therefore it is used using after novel crankshaft connecting rod mechanism Parts greatly reduce, and manufacturing cost is substantially reduced, and process simpler, work relatively reliable, and its part is all to launch Formula connects and exposes outside, installs and keeps in repair all very convenient.

（2）, this electromotor be driven using the advanced opposed device of cylinder, during two opposed acting pistons acting outbursts Produced vibration wave cancels each other, and vibration and noise are substantially reduced.In addition the opposed device of cylinder can while acting reality Existing Automatic-boosting is input into new air, both can again may be used to the new air needed for the input acting burning next time of acting supercharge cylinders So that the remainder of exhaust gas of acting cylinder to be made a clean sweep of, the acting each time for making acting cylinder is burnt and cmpletely can reach effect Rate is maximized.The keying of the inlet and outlet door of the acting cylinder and pressurized cylinder of the opposed device of cylinder is by air-flow and back-moving spring Strength timing and be automatically performed, it instead of conventional engines and completes by gear, cam and top rod, simple structure operation It is again reliable.

（3）, this electromotor is using the opposed device of multiple cylinders in parallel when being driven, can be made by electric-controlled engaging and disengaging gear The opposed device whole group of cylinder or one by one with drive system merge or derail, so as to realize variable displacement, moreover it is possible to by faulty gas The opposed device of cylinder separates rapidly the normal operation for not affecting system from runtime, and Jing is well-designed, changes cylinder pair Device is put easy just as more changing the bulb, to using and maintenance brings great convenience.

Description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the sectional view of the opposed device of this cylinder.

Fig. 2 is the rough schematic view of the opposed device of this cylinder（In order that graph expression below becomes apparent from, this is filled Putting carries out simplifying expression）.

Fig. 3 is structural representation of the opposed device of cylinder of this electromotor when being one.

Fig. 4 is structural representation of the opposed device of cylinder of this electromotor when being three.

Fig. 5 is schematic diagram when four power output units are exported commonly through power output line shaft.

In figure：1- pressurized cylinders, 2- charged pistons, 3- acting cylinders, 4- acting pistons, 5- appendixs, 6- supercharging gas transmissions Door, 7- compression rings, 8- oil rings, 9- oilholes, 10- power outputs point, 11- acting inlet valves, 12- atomizers, 13- acting exhaust valves, The hollow storehouses of 14-, 15- super charge doors, the opposed device of 16- cylinders, 17- power output gears, 18- bearing blocks, 19- d-axis, 20- Circle wheel, 21- eccentric pin shafts, 22- connecting rods, 23- orbit determination plates, 24- pulleys, 25- guide rails, 26- idler gears, 27- power outputs Line shaft.

Specific embodiment

This utility model is described further below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

As shown in figure 3, the power output unit of this utility model electromotor includes novel crankshaft connecting rod mechanism, power output Gear 17 and the opposed device 16 of cylinder；The novel crankshaft connecting rod mechanism includes d-axis 19, circle wheel 20, connecting rod 22 and orbit determination plate 23；Power output gear 17 is fixedly mounted on the middle part of d-axis 19, and the center of two circle wheels 20 is respectively fixedly connected with d-axis 19 Two ends, two circle wheels 20 are provided with outwardly directed eccentric pin shaft 21 in the position at card edge, and two eccentric pin shafts 21 are in two circles The position taken turns in 20 cards is contrary；The both sides of d-axis 19 are respectively provided with an orbit determination plate 23 parallel with d-axis 19, two circles The eccentric pin shaft 21 of wheel 20 is movably hinged respectively with one end of two connecting rods 22, and the other end of two connecting rods 22 is movably hinged respectively On the orbit determination plate 23 on both sides, two orbit determination plates 23 respectively the two ends of device 16 opposed with cylinder power output point 10 be connected Connect, two orbit determination plates 23 do opening and closing linear reciprocating motion under the driving of the opposed device 16 of cylinder, and then drive two connecting rods 22 to exist While carrying out the driving of push and pull respectively to the circle wheel 20 at the two ends of d-axis 19 on contrary direction, driven jointly by two circle wheels 20 straight Axle 19 and power output gear 17 are continuously rotated.The orbit determination plate 23 is crossed over and is erected at a pair with the perpendicular guide rail of d-axis 19 On 25, the two ends of orbit determination plate 23 are provided with pulley 24 and are engaged with guide rail 25, and it is past that two orbit determination plates 23 do opening and closing on guide rail 25 Linear motion.

Fig. 2 is the rough schematic view of the opposed device 16 of the cylinder, and its concrete structure is as shown in figure 1, the device is provided with two 4, acting 3, two pressurized cylinder 1 of cylinder of individual acting piston and two charged pistons 2, the two of which acting head of piston 4 Relative and be co-located in an acting cylinder 3 for having cylinder barrel without cylinder cap, the afterbody of two acting pistons 4 is respectively from acting gas The two ends of cylinder 3 are stretched out and are linked into an integrated entity with a charged piston 2 respectively, are set with the joint of charged piston 2 in acting piston 4 There is connecting hole as power output point 10；The cylinder barrel middle part of acting cylinder 3 is provided with acting inlet valve 11, in acting inlet valve 11 pairs The opposite side cylinder barrel answered is provided with atomizer 12, and cylinder barrel is respectively provided with an acting in the both sides of atomizer 12 near the position on cylinder side Exhaust valve 13；Two charged pistons 2 are provided with corresponding pressurized cylinder 1, and the area of charged piston 2 is more than the area of acting piston 4, The rear end of pressurized cylinder 1 is provided with super charge door 15 and supercharging gas transmission door 6, and the supercharging gas transmission door 6 of two pressurized cylinders 1 passes through respectively Appendix 5 is connected with the acting inlet valve 11 of acting cylinder 3.

The all of part of the opposed device 16 of cylinder is linkage during work, and the piston 4 that does work when two is transported in opposite directions from outside to inside During dynamic compressed air, the super charge door 15 of pressurized cylinder 1 is inhaled to be opened, and new air is sucked in pressurized cylinder 1, is pressurized defeated Valve 6 is closed；When two pistons 4 that do work run to terminal, compressed air pressure and temperature drastically rise in acting cylinder 3 Height, now atomizer 12 to acting the internal spraying diesel oil of cylinder 3, can immediately cause combustion explosion, two do work pistons 4 push back original Place.Two acting pistons 4 vibration wave produced when doing work is cancelled out each other, and the direction of motion of the two vibration waves and two The individual acting direction of motion of piston 4 is identical, and both are superimposed with joint efforts the conversion efficiency that improve fuel, vibration produced by motion and makes an uproar Sound also becomes very slight.The charged piston 2 being connected with acting piston 4 during acting compresses the new air in pressurized cylinder 1, Supercharging gas transmission door 6 is opened by pressure, and super charge door 15 is closed, and the new air of supercharging is entered by 6 Jing appendixs of supercharging out gate 5 and done In work(inlet valve 11 and acting cylinder 3.Because the waste gas after acting is identical with new air movement direction is pressurized, both make a concerted effort Superposition, the waste gas after acting after from top to bottom whole process is thoroughly swept to the greatest extent Jing acting exhaust valves 13 discharge, with also filling in acting cylinder 3 The new air of supercharging is expired.It is above the overall process of a power cycle of the opposed device 16 of cylinder.Two circle wheels 20 and power are defeated Going out the inertia produced by gear 17 can bring next power cycle into cylinder is opposed.In this process, acting cylinder 3 and increasing The inlet and exhaust valve of air cylinder 1 is all strength timing and the automatic open close by air-flow and back-moving spring.Again because charged piston 2 is big In acting piston 4, so being supercharging into the new air in acting cylinder 3.Thus the opposed device 16 of cylinder constitutes one certainly Dynamic pressure charging system.

In addition, being equipped with hollow storehouse 14 inside acting piston 4 and charged piston 2, there are lubricating oil, and the piston that does work in storehouse 4 are equipped with some oilholes 9 being connected with hollow storehouse 14 with the draw-in groove of oil ring 8 of charged piston 2.In acting piston 4 and supercharging Piston 2 is reciprocating rock under, lubricating oil can flow to oil ring 8 from oilhole 9, and then to the cylinder 1 that does work, the acting and of piston 4 Pressurized cylinder 1, charged piston 2 are lubricated.It is because acting piston 4 and charged piston 2 have more than half time in motor process It is exposed to outside cylinder, it is possible to provide the machine oil with pressure with lubricating oil pump and acting piston 4 and charged piston 2 are directly sprayed Drench, then oil collecting flows back original place, be continuing with for circulation.Two kinds of lubricating methods are used simultaneously, and its lubrication and radiating are imitated Fruit can be more preferably.

In order to increase the output of electromotor, the opposed device 16 of the cylinder can arrange multiple, be as shown in Figure 4 The situation of the opposed device 16 of three cylinders is set, and the opposed device 16 of three cylinders is connected in parallel on two orbit determination plates 23, two orbit determination plates Block 23 is connected by the power output point 10 at electric-controlled engaging and disengaging gear two ends of device 16 opposed with each cylinder respectively, two orbit determination plates 23 opening and closing linear reciprocating motion is driven jointly by the opposed device 16 of three cylinders.The electric-controlled engaging and disengaging gear is using by system control Realizing, when system sends merger instruction, bullet bolt is injected the opposed dress of cylinder to the bullet bolt of system by electric-controlled engaging and disengaging gear In putting the connecting hole of 16 power output points 10, the opposed merger of device 16 operation of cylinder；When system send derailing instruction when, it is automatically controlled from Attach together to put and extract bullet bolt from the connecting hole of the opposed power output point 10 of device 16 of cylinder, the opposed device 16 of cylinder departs from Runtime quits work.Therefore when being driven using the opposed device 16 of multiple cylinders, this electromotor can be light according to load Again come select to merge or respective numbers of derailing the opposed device 16 of cylinder, be achieved in variable displacement, also save the energy.And When wherein the opposed device 16 of some cylinder breaks down, can at once be derailed and be exited drive system, not affected other The normal work of the opposed device 16 of cylinder, thus electromotor will not because of the failure of the opposed device 16 of cylinder in drive system and Quit work.This advantage, is particularly suitable for applications on aviation and navigation equipment, and being militarily even more needs this electromotor.Separately It is outer because the connected mode of the opposed device 16 of cylinder is simple and be expansion, Jing is well-designed, changes the opposed device of cylinder 16 is easy just as more changing the bulb, to using and maintenance brings great convenience.

In addition, in order to obtain bigger power output and preferably degree of operating steadily, as shown in figure 5, the electromotor can To arrange a power output line shaft 27 parallel with the d-axis 19 of above-mentioned power output unit, set on power output line shaft 27 Idler gear 26 is equipped with, some power output units, the power of each power output unit are evenly equipped with the circumference of idler gear 26 Output gear 17 is meshed with idler gear 26, by the power output of each power output unit by idler gear 26 collect to Power output line shaft 27, then always exported.So each rotation of power output line shaft 27 can obtain the opposed dress of multiple cylinder 16 acting outburst is put, and each bursting point, along the circumference uniform distribution of power output line shaft 27, power output unit arranges more, sends out The output that motivation is obtained is bigger, and mechanical efficiency also doubles therewith；Its operation is also more steady.

Claims (6)

1. it is a kind of with novel crankshaft connecting rod mechanism without head engine, it is characterized in that：The power without head engine Output unit includes novel crankshaft connecting rod mechanism, power output gear（17）With the opposed device of cylinder（16）；The new type crank Linkage includes d-axis（19）, circle wheel（20）, connecting rod（22）With orbit determination plate（23）；Power output gear（17）Fixed installation In d-axis（19）Middle part, two circle wheel（20）Center be respectively fixedly connected with d-axis（19）Two ends, two circle wheel（20） Outwardly directed eccentric pin shaft is provided with the position at card edge（22）, two eccentric pin shafts（22）In two circle wheels（20）In card Position is contrary；D-axis（19）Both sides be respectively provided with one and d-axis（19）Parallel orbit determination plate（23）, two circle wheels（20） Eccentric pin shaft（21）Respectively with two connecting rods（22）One end be movably hinged, two connecting rods（22）The other end difference moveable hinge It is connected on the orbit determination plate on both sides（23）On, two orbit determination plates（23）Device opposed with cylinder respectively（16）The power output point at two ends （10）It is connected, two orbit determination plates（23）In the opposed device of cylinder（16）Driving under do opening and closing linear reciprocating motion, and then band Dynamic two connecting rods（22）In the opposite direction simultaneously to d-axis（19）The circle wheel at two ends（20）The driving of push and pull is carried out respectively, by Two circle wheels（20）It is common to drive d-axis（19）And power output gear（17）It is continuous to rotate；

The opposed device of the cylinder（16）It is provided with two acting pistons（4）, an acting cylinder（3）, two pressurized cylinders（1）With Two charged pistons（2）, two of which acting piston（4）Head is relative and is co-located on one and has acting of the cylinder barrel without cylinder cap Cylinder（3）It is interior, two acting pistons（4）Afterbody respectively from acting cylinder（3）Two ends stretch out and respectively with one supercharging live Plug（2）Link into an integrated entity, in acting piston（4）With charged piston（2）Joint be provided with connecting hole as power output point （10）；Acting cylinder（3）Cylinder barrel middle part be provided with acting inlet valve（11）, in acting inlet valve（11）Corresponding opposite side cylinder barrel It is provided with atomizer（12）, cylinder barrel is in atomizer（12）Both sides be respectively provided with an acting exhaust valve near the position on cylinder side （13）；Two charged pistons（2）It is provided with corresponding pressurized cylinder（1）, charged piston（2）Area more than acting piston（4）'s Area, pressurized cylinder（1）Rear end be provided with super charge door（15）With supercharging gas transmission door（6）, two pressurized cylinders（1）Supercharging it is defeated Valve（6）Pass through appendix respectively（5）With acting cylinder（3）Acting inlet valve（11）It is connected.

2. according to claim 1 without head engine, it is characterized in that：The orbit determination plate（23）Across being erected at a pair With d-axis（19）Perpendicular guide rail（25）On, orbit determination plate（23）Two ends be provided with pulley（24）With guide rail（25）It is engaged, Two orbit determination plates（23）In guide rail（25）On do opening and closing linear reciprocating motion.

3. according to claim 1 without head engine, it is characterized in that：The opposed device of the cylinder（16）Acting piston （4）With charged piston（2）Inside is equipped with hollow storehouse（14）, have lubricating oil, and the piston that does work in storehouse（4）With charged piston （2）Oil ring（8）It is equipped with draw-in groove some with hollow storehouse（14）The oilhole being connected（9）.

4. according to claim 1 without head engine, it is characterized in that：The acting piston（4）And charged piston（2）Outward Portion is provided with lubricating oil pump machine oil of the offer with pressure and it is directly sprayed.

5. according to claim 1 without head engine, it is characterized in that：The opposed device of the cylinder（16）It is provided with many It is individual, the opposed device of multiple cylinders（16）It is connected in parallel on two orbit determination plates（23）On, two orbit determination plates（23）By electric-controlled engaging and disengaging gear Device opposed with each cylinder respectively（23）The power output point at two ends（10）It is connected, two orbit determination plates（23）Opening and closing it is back and forth straight Line is moved by the opposed device of multiple cylinders（16）It is common to drive.

6. according to claim 1 without head engine, it is characterized in that：The electromotor setting one is defeated with the power Go out the d-axis of unit（19）Parallel power output line shaft（27）, power output line shaft（27）On be provided with idler gear （26）, idler gear（26）Circumference on be evenly equipped with some power output units, the power output gear of each power output unit （17）And idler gear（26）It is meshed, the power output of each power output unit is passed through into idler gear（26）Collect to work( Rate exports line shaft（27）, then always exported.