Phase component, phase shifter and phase-shift system
【Technical field】
This utility model is related to communication antenna technical field and in particular to relevant phase shift relevant apparatus in communication antenna technology
Correlation technique, more particularly, to a kind of phase component, phase shifter and phase-shift system.
【Background technology】
With the development of mobile communication, increasing user has understanding to electromagenetic wave radiation, starts to electromagnetic radiation
There is a kind of feared state of mind, worry radiation effect to the health of oneself, addressing is difficult so that common carrier is built a station, and builds a station into
This raising, and then force and select address of building a station in geographical environment and the ground more complicated place of magnetic environment;And surrounding geography and electromagnetism
Environment is increasingly sophisticated, its requirement to communication antenna also can more and more higher, wherein, the development just including antenna need to progressively be moved towards
Miniaturization, cost degradation.
Phase shifter can achieve the wave beam forming of array antenna, makes Downtilt continuously adjustabe, is electric tuning antenna of base station
Necessary assembly.High-gain, high secondary lobe antenna not only can effective control base station coverage, strengthen base station overlay area in letter
Number intensity, and the adjacent area interference of cellular network can be reduced, improve the quality of communication network;Therefore, introduce low cost, be inserted into damage
The miniature antenna of consumption, achievable high-gain and high secondary lobe becomes the demand of this area.
In prior art, proposing such a phase place in U.S.'s US2502359 patent of nineteen fifty can continuously become
The phase shifter changed, as shown in figure 1, " U " type coaxial transmission line is formed by 11,12,13,14,15, wherein adopt hollow metal cylinder
The 11 of structure, 12 is standing part, and " U " molded line 14,13,15 using metal solid cylinder structure inserts on the right side of in the of 11 and 12 respectively
Hollow internal;It is by a machine driving bar 21 passing outside cavity, linkage 16 and 17 and 18, and then promote 14,13,
15 side-to-side movements, and the consecutive variations of the total length due to " U " type transmission lines of 11,14,13,15,12 compositions, lead to two together
Between axis joint 24, corresponding consecutive variations in the phase place of transmission signal, that is, achieve phase shift function.In the same manner, refer to attached
Fig. 2, propose in U.S.'s US4755778 patent of 1988 using a machine driving bar 318 passing outside cavity
Link other associated components side-to-side movements, to realize the phase shifting equipment of phase shift function.
Wherein, one of shortcoming of above-mentioned existing phase shifter is:Phase shifter stroke, outside phaser cavity, makes entirely to move
Phase device length, does not reach the effect of miniaturization.
The two of the shortcoming of above-mentioned existing phase shifter are:Abrasion-proof insulating layer be there is no on removable transmission line, in making repeatedly
With in, may result in loose contact, cause passive intermodulation product.
The three of the shortcoming of above-mentioned existing phase shifter are:When the phase shifter be applied to can the continuously antenna for base station of electrical down-tilting when,
Need an additional power splitter, ability wiring arrangement, network consisting, so, during multiad battle array, topology layout space is serious not
Foot.
The four of the shortcoming of above-mentioned existing phase shifter are:Quote stroke limiting part (for example, spring structure) to limit biography
Defeated line does not damage the phase shifter when moving left and right stroke and guaranteeing that transmission line moves left and right, and this frame mode is more complicated, and is also easy to produce
Passive intermodulation product.
【Utility model content】
The purpose of this utility model aims to solve the problem that at least one problem above-mentioned, there is provided a kind of phase component, the phase shifter and
Phase-shift system.
The purpose of this utility model includes realizing the miniaturization of phase shifter, low cost, structure is simple, facilitate implementation modularity
The features such as management.
According to the existing antenna for base station phase shifter, a kind of Antenna Design phase shifter of different gains is so that phase shifter species
Various, complex structure;Phase shifter of the present utility model is it is adaptable to the antenna for base station of any gain shelves is it is only necessary to will phase shifter group
Altogether so that it may realize the antenna for base station of any shelves.
For realizing this purpose, this utility model provides a kind of phase component, flows through the phase of signal therein for adjustment
Position, the outer conductor including coaxial socket setting and inner wire, described outer conductor or inner wire are installed with and are easy to control outside described
Produce the drive block of relative displacement between conductor and inner wire vertically, the mobile route of described drive block is arranged on preset areas
Domain, so that when described phase component is installed in cavity, described cavity need not design the described biography of receiving on described axial direction
The accommodation space of motion block and described drive block does not extend to outside described cavity on described axial direction.
Preferably, described outer conductor includes the first outer conductor and the second outer conductor, described inner wire is U-shaped inner wire, institute
The two ends stating U-shaped inner wire cover respectively and are connected in the first outer conductor and the second outer conductor.
Specifically, the described drive block bearing of trend perpendicular with described axial direction is provided with and is easy to controlled and drives described biography
The controlled portion that motion block moves.
Further, the outer surface of described inner wire is provided with insulating barrier.
Accordingly, this utility model additionally provides a kind of phase shifter, including cavity and be fixedly arranged on any of the above-described in cavity
Plant the phase component described in technical scheme.
Further, the described phase shifter also includes embedding independent power splitter, described power splitter and the institute in described cavity
State outer conductor to connect.
Preferably, the input port of described power splitter is connected with the output port of described first outer conductor or the second outer conductor
Connect.
Preferably, the front plate of described cavity or backplate be provided with the controlled portion being easy to outside described cavity with located at
Drive block in described cavity connects and limits the longitudinal trough of described drive block shift motion.
Preferably, the length of described first outer conductor and the second outer conductor is all L, the length of described U-shaped inner wire is not
Less than 4/3L, the coupling length of described U-shaped inner wire and the first outer conductor and the second outer conductor is all not less than 1/2L.
Accordingly, this utility model additionally provides a kind of phase-shift system, including at least one any of the above-described kind of technical scheme
Described in phase shifter and the antenna radiation unit being connected with this phase shifter.
Further, described phase-shift system also includes main power splitter, and the described phase shifter is provided with multiple, and each described phase shifter is all
It is connected with described main power splitter.
Preferably, the power ratio of each described phase shifter is all different.
Compared with prior art, this utility model possesses following advantage:
In phase component of the present utility model, due to being that the mobile route of described drive block is arranged on predeterminable area, with
When so that described phase component is installed in cavity, described cavity need not design on described axial direction and accommodate described drive block
Accommodation space and described drive block does not extend to outside described cavity on described axial direction, its not only can avoid because drive block this
Body structure or mobile route and extend the overall axial length of this phase component, and when its this phase component is installed in cavity,
There are the overall dimensions being easy to be substantially reduced the phase shifter, and then facilitate implementation the miniaturization of phase shifter and antenna.In addition, described transmission
The block bearing of trend perpendicular with described axial direction is provided with is easy to controlled portion that is controlled and driving described drive block to move, its
The overall axial length being easy to realize reducing this phase component further and preferable control drive block is had to move;Described inner wire
Outer surface be provided with insulating barrier, it can avoid outer conductor and inner wire directly contact to produce passive intermodulation product, reduces dry
Disturb source, improve the stability of signal transmission.
Accordingly, phase shifter of the present utility model and phase-shift system are improvement based on above-mentioned phase component and obtain, because
This, phase shifter and phase-shift system equally inherit the feature of above-mentioned phase component.In addition, the front plate of described cavity or backplate
It is provided with the controlled portion being easy to outside described cavity to be connected with the drive block in described cavity and limit described drive block
The longitudinal trough of shift motion, which is not only easy to realize further reducing the overall axial length of this phase shifter, realizes moving
The miniaturization of phase device, and preferable restriction drive block shift motion, it is to avoid quote stroke limiting part and make the structure of phase shifter
Become more complicated, cost increase and produce passive intermodulation product;The described phase shifter also includes embedding the power splitter in described cavity,
Described power splitter is connected with described outer conductor, and it can have and facilitates implementation higher epivalve suppression and preferable control each output port
Power;The length of described first outer conductor and the second outer conductor is all L, and the length of described U-shaped inner wire is not less than 4/3L,
The coupling length of described U-shaped inner wire and the first outer conductor and the second outer conductor is all not less than 1/2L, and this frame mode not only may be used
Preferably realize phase shift function, and can ensure that the stability of phase shifter each modular construction and various aspects of performance.
Simultaneously as phase-shift system described in the utility model makes improvement based on the above-mentioned phase shifter obtain, by institute
Stating the phase shifter has the characteristics that miniaturization, and it is not only easy to topology layout, the reduces cost of this phase-shift system, and it can reduce damage
Consumption, the transmission stability of raising signal, and then have the transmission facilitating implementation ultra-broadband signal and transmitting.Described phase-shift system also wraps
Include main power splitter, the described phase shifter is provided with multiple, and each described phase shifter is all connected with described main power splitter, each described phase shifter
Power ratio is different or a part of identical, its can according to figuration demand, select different capacity ratio phase shifter, thus improve figuration,
The related data index such as gain, to realize the high figuration of miniaturization, the purpose of high-gain aerial.
To sum up, the phase shifter described in the utility model not only has miniaturization, structure is simple, cost is relatively low, passive intermodulation
Preferably, and to be easy to topology layout, the relatively low, various aspects of performance of loss more stable;Meanwhile, have and be easy to improve the correlations such as figuration, gain
Data target, and then facilitate implementation transmission and the transmitting of ultra-broadband signal.
【Brief description】
Fig. 1 is a kind of schematic diagram of phase shifter that U.S.'s US2502359 patent announcement discloses;
Fig. 2 is a kind of schematic diagram of phase shifter that U.S.'s US4755778 patent announcement discloses;
Fig. 3 is a kind of internal structure schematic diagram of the exemplary embodiments of phase shifter in this utility model, wherein, this in figure master
Show the phase component in this phase shifter;
Fig. 4 is a kind of structural representation of the exemplary embodiments of phase shifter in this utility model;
Fig. 5 is a kind of front schematic perspective view of the exemplary embodiments of phase shifter in this utility model;
Fig. 6 is a kind of back side schematic perspective view of the exemplary embodiments of phase shifter in this utility model;
Fig. 7 is a kind of principle schematic of the exemplary embodiments of phase-shift system in this utility model.
【Specific embodiment】
With exemplary embodiment, this utility model is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein identical in accompanying drawing
Label all refers to identical part.Additionally, if it is known that the detailed description of technology is for illustrating feature of the present utility model
It is unnecessary, then omitted.
Refer to accompanying drawing 3~6, it discloses exemplary embodiments of this utility model phase shifter jointly.This practicality is new
Described phase component in the type phase shifter includes outer conductor and the inner wire being coaxially socketed setting, on described outer conductor or inner wire
It is installed with and is easy to control the drive block 117 producing relative displacement between described outer conductor and inner wire vertically, by described transmission
The mobile route of block 117 is arranged on predeterminable area, so that when described phase component is installed in cavity 111, described cavity 111 is no
The accommodation space accommodating described drive block 117 need to be designed on described axial direction and described drive block 117 is in described axial direction side
Do not extend to upwards outside described cavity 111.
Further, described outer conductor includes the first outer conductor 116 and the second outer conductor 121, and described inner wire is U-shaped interior
Conductor 126, the two ends of described U-shaped inner wire 126 cover respectively and are connected in the first outer conductor 116 and the second outer conductor 121;Wherein,
Outer conductor and inner wire can also be other structures, and for example inner wire is alternatively H type.In addition, setting on described inner wire outer surface
There is insulating barrier, it can avoid outer conductor and inner wire directly contact to produce passive intermodulation product, reduce interference source, improve signal
The stability of transmission.
It should be noted that the length of described first outer conductor 116 and the second outer conductor 121 is all L, described U-shaped interior lead
The length of body 126 is not less than 4/3L, the coupling of described U-shaped inner wire 126 and the first outer conductor 116 and the second outer conductor 121
Length is all not less than 1/2L;This frame mode not only preferably can realize phase shift function, and can ensure that phase shifter each modular construction
And the stability of various aspects of performance.Meanwhile, by by supporting and mounting bracket 120 by described first outer conductor 116 and the second outer conductor
121 are fixed on the fixing hole 32 on cavity 111 base plate, so that described first outer conductor 116 and the second outer conductor 121 are fixed on chamber
In body 111 inner bottom surface, this fixed installation mode can be realized by screens mode, and it decreases passive mutual without using screw
Adjust the generation of product.Preferably, described first outer conductor 116 and the second outer conductor 121 are hollow-core construction, described U-shaped inner wire
126 is solid construction, and this frame mode not only can make U-shaped inner wire 126 in the first outer conductor 116 and the second outer conductor 121 phase
Realize phase shift to moving, and can ensure that described phase component keeps preferable structural stability in phase shift campaign repeatedly;When
So, described first outer conductor, the second outer conductor and U-shaped inner wire can also be other structures, for example its structure exchange each other, that is,
First outer conductor and the second outer conductor are solid construction, and U-shaped inner wire is hollow-core construction, leads outside described first outer conductor and second
Body is socketed in the two ends of described U-shaped inner wire.
Described drive block 117 bearing of trend perpendicular with described axial direction is provided with to be easy to controlled and drives described drive block
The 117 controlled portions 118 moving, when this structure can ensure that phase component is installed in cavity 111, described cavity 111 need not
The accommodation space accommodating described drive block 117 is designed on described axial direction and described drive block 117 is in described axial direction
On do not extend to outside described cavity 111;Preferably, the " u "-shaped that described drive block 117 is connected on described U-shaped inner wire 126 is curved
Folding center, the front plate of described cavity 111 or backplate be provided with the controlled portion 118 being easy to outside described cavity 111 with
Drive block 117 in described cavity 111 connects and limits the longitudinal trough 21 of described drive block 117 shift motion;Certainly,
Can be by longitudinal trough 21 on the leading flank or trailing flank of cavity (this front and back position direction is on the basis of illustrating and putting).Its
In, described drive block 117 removes outside the necessary smaller length of itself structure or width, in the no larger extension of axial direction;Institute
State the restriction end (right-hand member of longitudinal trough shown in Fig. 5) away from the first outer conductor 116 on longitudinal trough 21 and be approximately at U-shaped inner wire
126 default moveable maximum travel position, limit the shifting of described drive block 117 with the setting by longitudinal trough 21 position
Dynamic path is in predeterminable area.
During phase shift, control controlled portion 118 mobile along longitudinal trough 21, drive block can be driven in controlled portion 118 moving process
117 together with U-shaped inner wire 126 synchronizing moving, thus by adjust signal by way of the first outer conductor 116, the second outer conductor 121 and
The total length of U-shaped inner wire 126 is realizing phase shift, and this longitudinal trough 21 is not only by the shift motion limiting controlled portion 118
Indirectly to limit the shift motion of U-shaped inner wire 126, and the mobile road of drive block 117 can be limited in the same manner by controlled portion 118
Footpath, and then restriction drive block 117 moves in cavity 111 and cavity 111 need not deliberately design receiving on described axial direction
The accommodation space of described drive block 117, to be substantially reduced the overall dimensions of phase component and phase shifter, realizes phase shifter and antenna
Miniaturization.
Further, the described phase shifter also includes embedding the independent power splitter 112 in described cavity 111;Wherein, described
The base plate of cavity 111 is provided with the groove being easy to that described power splitter 112 embeds, and described groove is provided with solid for power splitter 112
Projection 31 on cavity 111 base plate.Described independent power splitter 112 can be used with phase shifter independent assortment, that is, according to reality
Border needs, and the power splitter 112 of suitable power ratio is embedded in the groove in cavity 111, certainly, due in embedded cavity 111
Power splitter 112 is independent, therefore, the independent power splitter 112 embedding in described cavity 111 is implemented to dismount and changes all relatively
Convenient, it has is easy to power splitter 112 that is embedded according to actual figuration demand or changing different capacity ratio.
It should be noted that the output port 114 of the input port of described power splitter 112 and described first outer conductor 116
Or second the output port 123 of outer conductor 121 connect, can pass through according to demand to select corresponding transformation line 113 realize different work(
The phase shifter of rate ratio, the described phase shifter includes multiple outfans, and each outfan is all connected with coaxial connecting line, and each connecting line can root
According to network layout demand, outlet position is set;Wherein, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, include four outfans, its point the phase shifter
The coaxial connecting line of not connection is the first output lead 115, the second output lead 122, the 3rd output lead 124 and the 4th output lead 125,
Described first output lead 115, the 3rd output lead 124 and the 4th output lead 125 combination formation power phase shifter element, described first
Output lead 115, the second output lead 122 combination form idle point of phase shifter element;Meanwhile, can be as desired on each output lead
Concatenate the corresponding phase shifter, to form multi-element array network.
In addition, between the input port of the output port of described outer conductor and power splitter 112, each outfan of phase shifter with
All can realize connecting by welding manner between coaxial connecting line;Described cavity 111 can be using die sinking shape casting, and which is not
Only can achieve that cavity 111 and each associated components (as outer conductor, power splitter 112 etc.) are realized no screw and fixed, reduce passive intermodulation
The generation of product, and which can make process structure relatively low compared with simple, processing cost;The length of described cavity 111 be 100~
110mm, width be 20~30mm, highly be 8~12mm, preferably length be 105mm, width be 25mm, highly be 10mm, should
Dimensional structure both can meet the assembling demand of each part, also can achieve miniaturization purpose;Each outfan on phase shifter can be arranged
Become at least part outfan power ratio identical or each other power ratio all different, for example, by the power of four outfans
Ratio is arranged respectively to 1:1、1:2、1:3、1:4.
Refer to accompanying drawing 7, it illustrates a kind of phase-shift system, described phase-shift system is based on the phase shift in above-mentioned each scheme
Device is combined with antenna radiation unit and is formed, and wherein, this phase-shift system includes four phase shifters and 61 groups of main power splitter
Become array network, described four phase shifters are respectively the first phase shifter 1A, the second phase shifter 2B, the 3rd phase shifter 2C and the 4th shifting
Phase device 1D, described first phase shifter 1A and the 4th phase shifter 1D divides the phase shifter for work(, described second phase shifter 2B and the 3rd phase shift
Device 2C is idle point of phase shifter, described first phase shifter 1A and the second phase shifter 2B concatenation, described 3rd phase shifter 2C and the 4th
Phase shifter 1D concatenates, and described second phase shifter 2B and the 3rd phase shifter 2C is connected with main power splitter 61 respectively, described first phase shift
Antenna radiation unit 55A and antenna radiation unit 55B is connected with device 1A, described 4th phase shifter 1D is connected with aerial radiation
Unit 55D and antenna radiation unit 55E, described main power splitter 61 is connected with antenna radiation unit 55C, described main power splitter 61
Upper inclusion outfan 62.
It should be noted that the work(of corresponding power ratio according to actual figuration demand, can be selected to divide the phase shifter as the first shifting
Phase device 1A and the 4th phase shifter 2B, to meet the achievement data that can export higher figuration, higher gain from outfan 62, and then
Realize high figuration, the high-gain performance of aerial array.
In addition, described phase-shift system also can according to the actual requirements, unrestricted choice or setting phase shifter quantity, all types of shiftings
Annexation of annexation between phase device, each phase shifter and antenna radiation unit etc..
To sum up, the phase shifter described in the utility model not only has miniaturization, structure is simple, cost is relatively low, passive intermodulation
Preferably, and to be easy to topology layout, the relatively low, various aspects of performance of loss more stable;Meanwhile, have and be easy to improve the correlations such as figuration, gain
Data target, and then facilitate implementation transmission and the transmitting of ultra-broadband signal.
Although having been illustrated with some exemplary embodiments of the present utility model above, those skilled in the art will
Understand, in the case of without departing from principle of the present utility model or spirit, these exemplary embodiments can be made a change, this
The scope of utility model is limited by claim and its equivalent.